Essay On Cross 9E TBB Ch17

Essay on Cross 9e TBB Ch17
Chapter 17 Small Business Organizations N.B.: TYPE indicates that a question is new, modified, or
unchanged, as follows. N A question new to this edition of the Test Bank. + A question modified
from the previous edition of the Test Bank. = A question included in the previous edition of the Test
Bank. TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS 1. A sole proprietor does not own the entire business.
ANSWER: F PAGES: Section 1 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB–Legal 2. In choosing a
form of business organization for a new enterprise, impor
tant factors include the ability to raise
capital. ANSWER: T PAGES: Section 1 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB–Critical
Thinking 3. A sole proprietor is free to make any decision he or she wishes ... Show more content on
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As a sole proprietor, on the business's profits, Kari pays a. no income taxes. b. only personal income
taxes. c. only business income taxes. d. both personal and business income taxes. ANSWER: B
PAGES: Section 1 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB–Legal 2. Silvano owns Textbooks
Plus, a sole proprietorship that sells textbooks and other school supplies. When Silvano dies,
Textbooks Plus will automatically a. dissolve. b. pass to Silvano's heirs. c. pass to the state. d. be
offered for sale to its creditors and competitors. ANSWER: A PAGES: Section 1 TYPE: N
BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB–Legal 3. Noah and Orin do business as Personnel Providers, an
employment agency. In most states, for purposes of suing and being sued, Personnel Providers,
which is a partnership, would be treated as a. an aggregate of the individual partners. b. a natural
person. c. an entity. d. a non–existent party. ANSWER: C PAGES: Section 2 TYPE: + BUSPROG:
Reflective AICPA: BB–Legal 4. Luke and Maya form Northwest Air Express, a general partnership.
The essential elements of this partnership do not include a. a sharing of profits and losses. b. a joint
ownership of the business. c. an equal right to management in the business. d. goodwill. ANSWER:
D PAGES: Section 2 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB–Legal 5. Bayside Marina
Company and Canoes & Kayaks Inc., share officers, directors, employees, property, and equipment.
In reliance
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Case Study : Bb 's Bakery ( B3 ) Will Be A Sole Trader...
Executive Summary
BB's Bakery (B3) will be a sole trader enterprise, owned and operated by Belinda Borgefjord. From
its prime shopfront location on Pitt Street in the Sydney CBD, opposite World Square and just 5
minutes walk from Town Hall Station, it will be selling premium quality coffee alongside freshly
baked treats and pastries. The vision of B3 is to be the leading bakery in the Sydney CBD by
creating a unique personal experience through superior customer service and the traditional family
recipes used.
Business Goals
B3's financial goals include establishing the business by holding 10% of the market share in the first
year of operation to progress towards achieving the vision of being the leading bakery in the Sydney
CBD and maximising profit to cover all first year operational expenses by selling enough baked
goods and coffee to break even.
B3's non–financial goals include establishing a strong customer base in line with the business's
vision through word of mouth, flyers and social media advertising along with in store promotions
and a customer loyalty scheme. BB's Bakery' other non–financial goal is to support other small,
local start–up businesses in the hospitality industry.
Situational Analysis
Strengths
– Freshly baked treats and pastries using family recipes
– Convenient location with high customer traffic and no local competitors
Nice ambient setting with a chilled, friendly vibe and excellent customer service
Weaknesses
– Start–up business that has

Trader Joe s Case Study Analysis
Tatiana Tripp
Trader Joe's Case Study Analysis
COM 742
11/19/2014
The current problem is that advertising and growth can lead to an end of the
"quirkiness" that is currently Trader Joe's strongest attribute. Already, a bit of authenticity from the
original stores has slipped away from expansion. A former employee, as shown in the case study,
said "In the early days we never tried to be a neighborhood store."1 There is no question that trying
to incorporate more traditional advertising and thus, competing with large grocery retailers is the
wrong direction for the company. More subtle advertising that builds upon the current strengths
would be the best. The important thing to consider is if new ways to advertise would help achieve
further ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By promoting from within, which is already done whenever possible16 it would be inexpensive to
create a social media team from the pool of creative employees.
8
http://www.cnn.com/2014/11/03/opinion/yang
millennials
spending/
http://www.nielsen.com/us/en/insights/news/2014/millennials
prefer
cities
to
suburbs
subways
to
‐
driveways .html
10
http://www.mediapost.com/publications/article/98919/
11
http://www.mediapost.com/publications/article/98919/
12
http://ryan
jenkins.com/2013/09/16/22
shocking
stats
about
millennials
to
help
you
chart
tomorrows
chang
e/ 13 Ager & Roberto pg.8
14
https://www.facebook.com/pages/Trader
Joes
Fan/15934023652 Nov. 19, 2014
15
Ager & Roberto pg.3
16
Ager & Roberto pg.9
9

Solution 2 – Reduce bureaucracy/promote authentic feeling of local neighborhood stores There is
concern that as Trader Joe's expands it might lose its "charm" and "quirky cool" image. Already
there has been some complaint about its inauthenticity when trying to be a real neighborhood
store.17 The obvious way to combat this is to give more autonomy to each individual store.
Encouragement to make sure each location is original and different from other location stores would
create a sense of shopping at specialized markets as opposed to a retail chain. Each Fearless Flyer
could be adjusted to reflect the personality of the

Advantages And Disadvantages Of French Connection
FCUK FRENCH CONNECTION
French connection (also branded as FCUK) is a UK– based global retailer and wholesaler of fashion
clothing, accessories and home ware. It was founded in the early 1970s by Stephen a mark, who
remains the chief executive; it is based in London and its parent French Connection PLC is listed on
the London stock exchange.
French Connection distributes its clothing and accessories through its own stores in the UK, US and
Canada and through franchise and wholesale arrangements globally. The company became notorious
for the use of the "FCUK" initialise in its advertising campaigns in the early 2000s.
Marks introduced the French connection label in 1972 and four years later showed its first
menswear collection
Source:'FCUK', ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The advantages and disadvantages of a government company is stated below
The advantages are
 It provides a strong competition for the private sector companies
 Most of the governments companies run on sound business as they as they have their surpluses to
their projects.
 The formation of government companies is very easy because it is formed like other joint stock
companies
And the disadvantages are:–
 Government companies are independence in theory, but in practice it is not independence because
political groups obstruct in the day–to–day operation of the companies. Since these are dependent
on the government for taking important policy decisions
 As many of the government companies take the support of civil servants, they cannot exercise
better for the efficiency of the organization because they are not technical persons.
 Nearly every one of the government companies experience softness in management under the
take hold of public services. These are not treated as efficient as private units because of this state of
relationships found.
Government departments
 Departments are under control of any politician in charge or by any higher

Business Analysis : Sole Trader
Sole Trader Sole traders portray any business that is owned and managed by a single person,
although sole traders employ employees. The owner is normally the person that is liable for the
businesses decisions – The firms are generally small and in most circumstances is easy to setup. –
Sole Traders normally only require a small amount of capital to be invested and this reduces the
initial start–up cost. – Monthly wages are often low as there is only a few or no employees. – This
type of business is easier to control as the owner would have a hands–on approach to running and
making decisions for the sole trader. Partnership Partnerships is a type of business entity where
owners spread profits, losses and costs of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Franchising is normally used by companies that are providing services. It's easier to begin
franchising than settings up separate traders/stores, after companies begin to franchise it becomes
easier to build a bigger customer base. Although, Franchising does not come at a cheap price, The
franchisee has to pay a large amount of initial fees and commissions to the franchise. Closing a
franchise is harder than opening one. There many reasons why businesses owners may want to close
down a franchise, the most common reason is financial issues & Bankruptcy, however, it's not an
easy task to close down a franchise and in some cases it's not possible to close them down. Private
Limited Companies (PLC) Private Limited Companies are normally owned or founded by family &
friends and usually based within a household. PLCs can have stock and shareholders, although, their
shares are not traded on public exchanges. Turning a family ran business into a PLC is good for
several reasons. The main reason is the fact that there is limited liability, this means that if the
business encounters any financial issues due to normal business activity, the personal assets owned
by the owners or employees would not be at risk of being take to cover debts. PLCs do also have
their limitations however, they are only allowed a maximum of 50 shareholders and their shares are
unable to be sold or transferred to anyone else without agreements of other

Case Study Trader Joe's
Trader Joe's has achieve a great performance which they have been able to raise awareness about the
difference cultures of the immigrants in America as they were a supermarket. They have also
provide different cultures' products on their shelves to widely welcome the immigrants and sells
products that immigrants will prefer.Trader Joe's is competitively advantage compare to other food
stores because their selling point is very extraordinary from the usual markets. As a result,
competitors will find it hard for them to compete with Trader Joe's in terms of selling different
culture items and the customer service.
Besides that, Trader Joe's believe that by giving their staff some training which involve Interactional
skills, working as a team, leading spirit and knowledge on each of the products, this will sustain the
staff and motivate them. As in the article stated, Trader Joe's has a lower level of labour turnover and
this has indicate that Trader Joe's do not have to increase the salaries or wages to sustain their
workers. This will also cause the profit level of the company to be stable and the ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The reason for Trader Joe's to remain unchanged because of the consumers have not demand for in it
but as a process of growing into a bigger and well–known food stores, Trader Joe's should have an
advance technology which not only ease the staff but also the consumers. This has already cause the
reputation of Trader Joe's to fall because of the a lack of technology introduced into the food store
and this have also causes the effectiveness and efficiency of the performances to decline. As a result,
Trader Joe's should bring in an incorporating scanner or check out kiosks for the consumers so that
this would keep the performance of Trader Joe's to be

Creating a Business- Original Writing Essay
Creating a Business– Original Writing For my GCSE business studies coursework I am going to
create a business. The name of my business will be "paradise palace" as I am creating a beauty and
tanning salon. There are two types of business organisations that I could create they are sole trader
and partnership. The first type of business organisation tat I could choose is sole trader. This is a
person who trades by himself/herself without the use of a company structure or partners and bears
alone full responsibility for the actions of the business. Also a Sole proprietorship is a business,
which legally has no separate existence from its owner. Hence, the limitations of liability enjoyed by
a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The disadvantages of a sole trader are: 1. The sole trader has no one to share the responsibility of
running the business with. A good hairdresser, for example, may not be very good at handling the
accounts. 2. Sole traders often work long hours and find it difficult to take holidays, or time off if
they are ill. 3. Developing the business is also limited by the amount of capital personally available.
4. There is also the risk of unlimited liability, where the sole trader can be forced to sell personal
assets to cover any business debts. The other business organisation that could choose would be a
partnership. Partnerships are businesses owned by two or more people. A contract called a deed of
partnership is normally drawn up. This states the type of partnership it is, how much capital each has
contributed, and how profits and losses will be shared. Doctors, dentists and solicitors are typical
examples of professionals who may go into partnership together. They can benefit from shared
expertise, but like the sole trader, have unlimited liability. A partnership can also have a sleeping
partner who invests in the business but has not dealings in the day to day running of the enterprise.
The advantages of a partnership are: 1. The main advantage of a partnership over a sole trader is
shared responsibility.

Management
Assignment QUES. 1– Sanjeev Kapoor is an expert in making bakery and confectionary products
with loads of talent and encouragement from everyone. He wants to go in for his own bakery and
confectionary venture. But he doesn't have much by the way of money and infrastructure. He knows
of some and friends, who might be willing to associate with him to provide necessary funds and
infrastructure. What sort of business organization should he go and why? ANS. – With the
expansion of business, it became necessary for a group of person to join hands together and supply
necessary capital and skill. Sanjeev may possess exceptional business ability but doesn't have much
by the way of money and infrastructure; he can have a financing partner. In ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
It is a kind of voluntary association for carrying on business operation , therefore, it can be dissolved
by the partner by expressing to each other their intention to do so. In the case of partnership at will,
it can be dissolved by giving 14 day notice to other partners. QUES.2 – Your friend Yuvraj has
consulting you to advice regarding his practice in law. Suggest and justify the forms of organization
suitable for the purpose. ANS. – A business enterprise can be owned and organized in several forms.
Each form of organization has its own merits and demerits. The ultimate choice of the form of
business depends upon the balancing of the advantages and disadvantages of the various forms of
business. The right choice of the form of the business is very crucial because it determines the
power, control, risk and responsibility of the entrepreneur as well as the division of profits and
losses. The nature of business is the most important factor. Businesses providing direct services like
tailors, restaurants and professional services like doctors, lawyers are generally organized as
proprietary concerns. So in this case, he may choose sole proprietorship to practice in law.
Characteristics of sole proprietorship: (i) No Separate Legal Entity: legally, the sole trader and his
business are not separate entities. In other words, all the assets and liabilities of the businesses are
the personal assets and liabilities of the

Don 't Just Start A Business
Beginning your own personal business isn't for the person with average abilities. It's demanding and
virtually demands any focus. Over the plus side, it 's also an enjoyable experience personally. Steps
listed below are easy methods to create your organization: 1. Execute a self–inventory. Not
everybody has got the needed how to begin a business. It is not stating that the concept is not
brilliant. It truly means you don 't hold the qualities to deal with beginning a business of the. Before
purchasing and selling whenever or assets, evaluate yourself and uncover for people who 've some
the conventional traits in the entrepreneur. Are you currently presently presently motivated, able to
change and warranted? Are you currently presently resilient? 2. Create a concept. Don't just start a
business because something is at style and you also think commercializing every time they visit
money. Produce a business proven fact that you 're passionate about connected with something have
understanding about. Next, develop services or products that you just believe can raise the people's
lives. 3. Test the plausibility. Once you've selected an idea, see how you possibly can make it 's
recognized. Might be the products or services a thing that people want or need? Is it possible to
generate income selling it? Will the merchandise work? Related: 6 Great Business Models to
consider for just about any Startup 4. Write a proper strategic business plan. A great proper strategic

Sole Trader And Limited Company Essay
SOLE TRADER&LIMITED COMPANY
JINYU ZHANG
contents
1. Introduction
2. Introduction on sole traders and its format of financial statements
3. Limited companies and its format of financial statements
4. Differences between sole traders from that of limited companies in format of financial statements
5. Conclusion
1. Introduction
Financial statements are very important in potential investors, management of operator and other
stakeholders to make decisions in the business of a company. Different users of financial statements
may have different needs of financial information. So finding a proper format of financial statement
is significant. This paper will particularly discuss two business models– sole traders and limited
companies and their format of financial statements. First, it will give a brief introduction about sole
traders and the characteristics of its format of financial statements. Then it will present the
characteristics of limited companies and its format of financial statements. At last, the paper will
discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each format of financial statements.
2. Introduction on sole traders and its format of financial statements
Sole trader can be identified as individual businesses. Sole traders can be defined as an
unincorporated business that is run by solely an individual. It is also called as a 'sole proprietor' or a
'sole practitioner'. In addition, simply the sole trader is not only the

Disadvantages And Disadvantages Of Organizations In Travel...
2. Organizations in Travel and Tourism business: When referring to the tourism industry, it is
essential to understand its difficulty. There does not existing an industry with a ordinary structure
functioning as an entity. Rather an congregation of multiple diverse industries and factors
influencing each other and usually forming the tourism environment represents it. Thus, Tourism
industry is the major sector in which foreign investment is common. In addition, in Maldives it can
be alienated into private and public sector. Travel and tourism organizations operate in a very self–
motivated business environment. Every day new travel companies set up, new holiday products
launched and new destinations promoted to visitors. Multinational companies ... Show more content
One hundred percent profit preservation allows sole proprietors to use the money at their judgment.
You can choose to reinvest the money back into the business to get bigger the business, start another
business or use it for private reasons. 2.1.2 Disadvantages of Sole Proprietorships: 2.1.2.1 A Sole
Proprietor's Personal Assets are His Business Assets The major disadvantage of a sole proprietorship
is that there is no severance between business assets and personal assets. This means that if anyone
sues the business for any motive, can take away the business owner's cash, car, or even his or her
home. 2.1.2.2 The Business Dies with Its Owner Courts do not see any difference between a sole
proprietorship and its owner. Therefore, the owner passes away, the business ends as well if not the
owner made a prudent. 2.1.2.3 Sole Proprietorships Have Fewer Ways to Raise Money Sole
proprietorships may borrow money just like other business structures. Yet, because there is no
severance between business and personal assets, many sole proprietors necessitate using their
personal assets as guarantee of the loan. Some people even use their home as security. This means
that if the business fails, and the owner does not have sufficient money to pay the loan, the lender
can take away the owner's personal assets to get their money

Disadvantages For Josh And Luke For Sole Trader
Question 1:
(1) The main advantages & disadvantages for Josh and Luke for Sole Trader are as follows:
Advantages:
Private information:
All the information, figures and books are kept private.
Control:
A sole trader is fully owner and controller of the business.
Profit:
All the profits are collected by Sole trader.
Decision:
A sole trader can take decisions for himself alone.
Disadvantages:
Liability:
If the business is in debt, all the liability is on the sole trader.
Decision:
Decision taken by sole trader whether they tend to be Success or Failure will be on one person.
Finance:
Raising the fund or investing into business is usually hard for a single operator.
Employees:
Getting employees of high calibre is difficult. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Section 161(1) states that proprietary company limited by shares can only change to:
unlimited proprietary company
unlimited public company
public company limited by shares
Hence, Josh Luke Pty Ltd can be converted to Josh Luke Ltd. Step 2: Procedure of Changing
Company type: Company Resolutions
A company must pass a resolution , resolutions are designed as all company members taking
decisions. Corporations Act 2001, signifies that there are two types of resolutions that are ordinary
and special.
To change a proprietary limited to a limited company, resolutions must be passed. To pass a
resolution a company's must follow these steps:
Over a meeting in which minimum member of company must be present.

In a month period the resolution is put into company's records.
The chair of the meeting must sign the minutes of the meeting.
Josh Luke Pty Ltd must pass the Special Resolution, to change the company to Josh Luke Ltd.
To change the company type, winding up the company or to change the company name, companies
are obligatory to special resolution. Special resolution is only passed when more than 75% of the
members votes to pass the

Fcuk Connection: Pros And Cons Of The French Connection
menswear collection.
Fiscal policy is divided into 2 types and they are taxing and spending. And monetary is divided into
three types and those three are bonds, reserves and interest rates.
Fiscal policy
Fiscal policy is "The changes in government spending and taxes are at the option of the federal
government." Source: ICBT HANDOUTS
Each year governments raise and spend huge amounts of money. The UK government's estimates
for 2008 for an example suggest that the government spending will be about £618 billon and is to be
allocated in a manner, this spending will be funded mainly from taxations( direct and indirect) and
national insurance contributions. Fiscal policy involves the use of changes in government spending
and taxations to influence the level and composition of aggregate demand in the economy.
Fiscal Policy involves the use of changes in government spending and taxations to influence the
level and composition and aggregate demand in the economic and giving the amount involve is
clearly as important implications for business
Fiscal policy involves
1. taxation and other sources of income
2. government spending
3. borrowing whenever spending exceeds

The Impact of the New Wave of Financial Regulation for...
Energy Policy 47 (2012) 468–477 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Energy Policy
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/enpol The impact of the new wave of financial
regulation for European energy markets Luuk Nijman n School of Public Policy, University College
London, London, WC1H 9QU, UK H I G H L I G H T S c c c c c The European Commission has
put forward a set of financial legislation to stabilize both financial markets and energy prices. This
article assesses the impact of this financial regulation on energy markets. It shows that the
theoretical and empirical effects of key elements in this legislation are ambiguous. It argues that, if
enacted, particular market parties such as energy companies ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This article addresses the question whether, in light of the potential implications for energy markets,
the proposed changes to financial legislation will have the effects the European Commission desires.
L. Nijman / Energy Policy 47 (2012) 468–477 469 This question derives its relevance from three
aspects. First, the academic literature has generally focussed on the appropriate regulatory design for
specific markets, for instance in relation to the liberalization of European energy markets or the
stability of financial markets. As also noted by Diaz–Rainey et al. (2011), little research has been
done regarding cross–market effects of financial regulation on energy markets. Now that the line
between the traditional financial and energy markets has become blurred, the link between the two
deserves more attention. Second, it may prove useful not just to point out which aspects of energy
trading may come under financial regulation, but to take the analysis one step further and examine
how participants in the energy markets are likely to react to the incentives this new legislation offers
them. The success of regulation hinges on how market participants adapt their behaviour to it, not
just the substance of the legislation itself. Third, to the extent that these proposals are motivated by
electoral calls for a strong response to financial instability and

Reaction Paper On Sneakers
We all know that sneaker is an attire to be worn on our feet which becoming one of the successful
fashion industry right now. The term "sneaker" was coined by Henry Nelson McKinney, an
advertising agent for N. W. Ayer & Son. (Bellis, 2016). The term sneakers also been influenced by
the stealth or quiet sound that the rubber sole are making. "He said that the rubber soles made the
shoes "stealth" like so he termed them sneakers." (Tops, n.d.). Mary Bellis (2016) also stated that the
rubber sole made the shoe or sneakers stealthy unlike the other shoes. "...because the rubber sole
made the shoe stealthy or quiet, all other shoes, with the exception of moccasins, made noise when
you walked." (Bellis, 2016). Arthur Chan (2013) explained that the shoe had been termed sneakers
because the rubber sole made it easy to sneak up on other people. "...because the shoe's quiet and ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"The first rubber soled shoes called plimsolls were developed and manufactured in the United States
in the late 1800s." (Bellis, 2016). In addition, Chan (2013) also stated that back in those days
plimsolls are uncomfortable pair of shoes. "Back then, plimsolls were rather uncomfortable shoes –
for one thing, there was no left or right foot." (Chan, 2013). The first sneakers that were invented
were Keds back in 1917. "The first sneakers were Keds and they were invented in 1917." (Tops,
n.d.). Keds was the first shoe maker that had capitalize the new technology in creating tough canvas
upper that combined with soft rubber soles. (Chan, 2013).
This part will review some of the selected previous study about sneaker culture and the impact of
the culture and also theory that is suitable for this study. The selected previous study will provide a
valid argument for this topic in order to have more in–depth understanding about sneaker culture as
well as the impact of

A Sole Trader Is The Simplest Form Of Structures But May...
Sole trader– A sole trader is the simplest form of structures but may come at a cost. A sole trader
runs/ owns a business entirely by himself, meaning all the decisions fall on him/ her, this is good for
the owner because if he does well all the profits will go to him/her because the business itself is
100% theirs. As I said before, all the profits in the business are the owners, (everybody likes a good
pay day). A couple benefits that a sole trader can have are; Taxable losses "You generally make a tax
loss when the total deductions you can claim for an income year exceed your income for the year.
Total income includes both assessable and net exempt income for the year. If you make a tax loss in
an income year you can carry it forward and deduct it in future years against income for tax
purposes. Certain deductions cannot be used to contribute to a loss. A tax loss is different from a
capital loss." (Ato.gov.au, 2016) Decision making A sole trader has the power to make decisions
within the business whenever he or she feels it's necessary but the sole trader only answers to
him/herself. Privacy; Some owners like their privacy, being a sole trader gives you the opportunity
to keep everything to yourself that no one needs to know. In saying that, there are some
disadvantages to being a Sole Trader like; Unlimited Liability; "The liability of the owner of a
business for all the obligations of the business. An owner 's personal assets can be seized if the
business 's

Types of Businesses
Sole proprietorship Sole proprietorship concern (also known as a sole trader/owner) is the most
common and most favored option for individuals who want to establish a small business in Pakistan,
or want to start a home–based business. This form of business is used by majority of start–ups on
Pakistan, and it is the simplest way of giving corporate face to a small business Formation
Following are the main steps to start a sole proprietorship business: · Finalize a business name. ·
Print basic business stationary i.e. letterheads, visiting cards etc. · Prepare firm's name stamp (a
common rubber stamp will do). · Open a bank account in the name of sole proprietor business. The
bank manager will require a request letter on business ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Partnership A partnership or firm is established through written agreement between all the partners.
The law governing the partnerships in Pakistan is contained in the Partnership Act 1932.
Characteristics In Pakistan partnerships are of two kinds: · Registered Partnership · Unregistered
Partnership There is no requirement to register a firm, however there are certain benefits of
registering a firm. In case of registered firm, the partnership deed is registered with the Registrar of
Firms. Unregistered partnership can be dissolved without any formality, however a registered firm
can only be dissolved through a written dissolution application to the Registrar of Firms. By
definition partnership is a relation between two or more persons who have agreed through a written
partnership deed to conduct the business and share the profits and losses of the business according to
the terms of the partnership deed. Partnership business can be conducted by all partners or any of the
partners on behalf of others. A maximum of 20 partners are allowed to form a partnership. In a
partnership firm the partners' liability is not limited and they are fully liable for all claims or law su
its against the partnership. Formation Registration of Partnership Procedure and Requirements The
registration of Partnership firm is not required by law and there is nopenalty for non–registration.
Nevertheless registration can give myadvantages to the firm.

Essay about Trader Joe's
Naomi Piché Professor John Burtt BUS 114 Management May 21, 2013 Case Study 1 : Trader Joe's
1. In what ways does Trader Joe's demonstrate the importance of each responsibility in the
management process–planning, organizing, leading, and controlling? –Trader Joe's demonstrates
planning by intending to carry unique products at a low cost within a fun, relaxing environment.
Their organizing skills were apparent due to their approach to find unusual foods from around the
world, contract directly with manufacturers, label their products with catchy phrases and by
maintaining a small stock of each product. Their leadership was exemplified by hiring employees
with job skills such as being "ambitious and adventurous" and providing a ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Not that that has necessarily happened at all, it still remains a possibility. Are the employees able to
personally listen to their employers give them instruction and feedback when they're half way across
the world? Therefore, they may not take them as seriously and production/sales could suffer as well
as employee morale. Performance effectiveness and efficiency are impacted negatively. Also,
considering the fact that the company as a whole remains very quiet and do not give interviews or
spend much of anything on advertising, they run the risk of being forgotten. Word of mouth remains
prevalent for this company at this time, but that might not always be the case. Problem Solving:
First of all, I'm thrown off by the fact that Hazel seems to be hired directly in to the shift leader
position at Trader Joe's considering their policy to hire from within. But if she truly was hired in at a
shift leader position, I believe she should first of course get to know the policies of Trader Joe's and
understand their expectations of her in a leadership role. Once Hazel knows what's expected of her,
she'll have a better idea of what to expect from the 4 people working for her in the produce

Disadvantages Of A Sole Trader
Task1) A) A sole trader firm: Definition: Sole Trader is an organization keep running by one
individual started. For instance, a hair parlor. He said most traders – otherwise known as the only
property proprietorship or – sort matter who supervised one, and can not be made between the
owner and business skills . Merchants only benefit from the following advantages: Benefit support –
Sole vendors hold each one of the advantages of their business. Control Only traders to control the
business. Running way to please the other impedance. Private Information – about the only private
changers are dissimilar narrow grassroots organizations that open after registration at Companies
House.  Disadvantages of a sole trader Liability – ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
2)Companies get to be imaginative in finding new items to offer or produce and less costly
approaches to achieve their objectives. 3)Production increments for the frivolities that will cost more
cash however individuals need. This is a great sample of supply and request.  Disadvantages of
Market economy: 1) unemployment rate goes up because of the overproduction of merchandise.
Experts should not continue to create products and that is how the organization can not be used to
keep. 2) Because of overproduction, and install mechanical equipment will not move and therefore
not good for the creative. Until the adoption of the dropping of the products will remain unsold and
the people that we can not control the price of those requirements unmet. 3) Goods so many created
and the expense will be driven lower. As things get to be well known and overproduced, the
producer must be taken in results, no matter what the situation means that cost down to the public in
general can bring the money spent on them. B) Command economy. (For example, North Korea) 
Advantages of Command economy: 1) Industrial power and great work of achieving basic social

Analyzing The Stock Market Of Indi An Overview Of The...
ANALYSING THE STOCK MARKET IN INDIA: AN OVERVIEW OF THE FINANCIAL CRISIS
MACRO ECONOMIC PAPER
PRESENTED BY
SAHITA GHOSH
SOUMITA DE
DEVADYUTI NAG
SHRESHTH SAXENA
ABSTRACT
The global financial crisis of 2008 was the most severe financial crisis that the world had
experienced since The Great Depression of 1930s. Due to the recession, the Foreign Institutional
Investors (FII's) had disinvested in the Indian market to meet their commitments abroad. This had
lead to an increase in the supply of shares in the stock market without a similar rise in demand to
offset it. The present study is aimed at showing that this lack of demand for shares in the stock
market is one of the reasons for the stock prices to fluctuate in India. In India ... Show more content
An economy can confront budgetary emergency because of vital complementarities in money
related business sector, power, confuse between the interest and supply of an economy or in the
middle of investment funds and speculation, vulnerability and heard conduct, administrative
disappointments on a piece of the Government, virus, and recessionary impacts. Monetary
emergency may be of diverse sorts to be specific managing an account emergencies, theoretical air
pockets and accidents, worldwide money related emergencies, and more extensive financial
emergencies. In this study we focus chiefly on how the U.s monetary emergency of 2008 affected
the Indian Stock Market.
A securities exchange otherwise called the value business is an open substance for the exchanging of
organization stock (shares) and subsidiaries at a concurred cost. These are securities recorded on a
stock trade and additionally those just exchanged secretly. It is regularly taken as an essential pointer
of a nation 's financial prosperity as it empowers the effective assignment of capital. Stock costs
reflect where the capital is, no doubt contributed. The offer costs are generally coupled with
expanded business speculations and the other way around. National banks watch the development of
stocks nearly furthermore the smooth operation of monetary framework capacities. This was

The Price Of The Stock Market
These sentiments, as so dramatically expressed by an average American day trader, are endemic
among the men and women who endeavor to navigate the daily volatility that roils the markets. As
the demand for instantaneous results and better returns at less cost rises, investors' traditional
reliance on stockbrokers is waning, albeit slightly. The resulting stress from this shift in
responsibility from the broker to the individual is not always obvious, but almost certainly
inevitable. The stakes seem raised when any loss or gain comes as a direct result of the investor's
own actions. Instability in the markets often fuels a dizzying ride of ups and downs, and their
commensurate emotional highs and lows. Nevertheless, over the past decade, ... Show more content
In 1971, the situation improved when America's first virtual stock exchange, or NASDAQ as it is
commonly known, was created. Although its potential was not immediately recognized by the
average American, NASDAQ's implementation created a whole new world of investing for the
small investor. Arguably the most notable of these historical financial changes occurred in 1975,
when Washington deregulated commission rates on brokerage accounts. The Securities and
Exchange Commission (SEC) deemed standard commission rates to be illegal, and the result was
that discount brokers could offer reduced commission rates. Prior to the SEC's ruling, commission
rates were fixed at one percent. This shift in power opened a clear pathway for personal financing to
develop, as competitive rates offered investors more options. Since 1975 to the present, the
evolution of the markets has quickened and day trading has taken off, particularly in the last decade.
Day trading is now so popular that it has become a way of life for many Americans and often
consumes almost every aspect of daily life. Although this new found independence may be viewed
by many as a good thing, it is hardly recommended for the faint of heart. The SEC warns that, "Day
trading is an extremely stressful and expensive full–time job. Day traders must watch the market
continuously during the day at their

Louboutin 's Case Against Yves Saint Laurent
Louboutin's Case Against Yves Saint Laurent
Introduction To get my point across to the court, I feel like we need to go over a few basic historical
contexts of the Louboutin Shoe Company. Christian Louboutin is a high–end French fashion
designer that uses red lacquered soles on his women's shoes. He also sells other high–end items
other than shoes like purses, wallets, and even items for men. First, I would like to state that
Louboutin had his first debut in the shoe industry in 1992. His shoe design featured the red–soles we
will be discussing throughout this case. He used these red soles to set his shoe design apart from
many other shoe designers who often used black or beige soles. Louboutin wanted his shoes to stand
out so he ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Christian Louboutin is a person. It must be used in commerce. Louboutin has his own company in
which he sells these shoes in the market place. Therefore, consumers can obtain the product with the
mark on it. The red soles do in fact help to identify and distinguish the goods within the market
place because most shoe designers stick to a black or beige sole rather than red. They are also used
as a source indicator because they have been used by Louboutin himself for many years. Louboutin
was granted registration for his mark in 2008 when he applied and therefore has a trademark
because he clearly meets all the requirements.
In case you would like to argue that Louboutin does not actually have a trademark after the facts I
have already pointed out, the red sole mark has gained secondary meaning. Even though the
trademark has met all the criteria to be considered a trademark some people may still be on the fence
with it. The red sole mark has in fact acquired secondary meaning regardless. For it to have
secondary meaning all it must do is have massive advertising from the person or company that is
widespread enough to create a trademark in the consumers' minds as a product source indicator.
Also, the company or person must be using it continuously and exclusively for 5 years for it to
obtain a secondary meaning. Louboutin has established this by using the red soles on all his shoes
since he established his shoe line in 1992. Since he has used the red soles

Why Rumor Is Defined By The New York Stock Exchange
Rumor is defined by the Oxford English Dictionary as "an unverified or unconfirmed statement or
report circulating in a community." In the financial community, rumors have an effect on the
direction of markets. The New York Stock Exchange in the United States is the epitome of how
rumors can impact trade. The fluctuation of stock and commodity (raw material) prices on a daily
basis is, in part, due to the daily news cycle. Although reports by news companies are supposed to
be factual, statements made can be unverified. Because of the large scale of social media, anyone
can make up rumors that can go viral. Stock traders rely on the news to determine what stocks they
will buy or sell. News reports include important information such as: new product developments,
company restructures, commodity reports, and scandals. Because of the rapid news, trading on the
stock market happens very fast and it gets chaotic. As the buyers and sellers interact their process
sets the stock price. The news effects the stock price because if a positive story circulates, there will
be more buyers for a stock, which will raise the stock price; if a negative story circulates, there will
be fewer buyers, which will lower the stock price. This constant process can either earn a big payday
or be a total loss. Because of the money that people stand to either make or loose, rumors have an
effect on the way individuals behave on the stock market.
To better understand how rumors work within the financial

What Is A Commodity?
What is a commodity?
Commodity is term that every one of us has heard at one point or another in life. Commodity is a
popular term thrown around in the financial industry, and was created five hundred years back
somewhere in the 15th century in order to describe a financial benefit or profit. Today, commodities
are considered as certain valuable goods that are produced in bulk and have certain uniform qualities
across the board. According to Wikipedia the definition of a commodity is as;
"The exact definition of the term commodity is specifically used to describe a class of goods for
which there is demand, but which is supplied without qualitative differentiation across a market."
From the above definition it is clear that commodities are not only in demand but also maintain a
consistent price. Here it is important to note that anything having a price must have a value. So
commodity must possess certain value in terms of its use or reuse. For example, ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Clay token were used at that time to represent specific amount. In Europe in the late 10th century
commodity market established in order to facilitate land, labor and services. Between the late 11th
and 13th century the market not only expanded but organized due to English urbanization and
regional specialization. In 1466 reliable scales were installed in the village of Sloten and Osdorp in
order to facilitate the villages to scale their local produced goods. The Chicago Board of Trade
(CBOT) was the first chartered commodity market established in 1849 in order to ensure a fair
trading. Few years later Chicago in 1865 introduced future contracts. In 1870 Chicago moved 60
millions of bushels that show the success of the market in its early phases. Looking at the success
the federal government began or properly regulates the market. A chronological summary of
commodities market is given here as

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Being A Sole Trader
INTRODUCTION: Changing business ownership can be very challenging. There are factors and
aspects that need to be looked at to make sure you are in a place to do so without spending all your
resources. Especially changing from a sole trader [a type of business entity which is owned and run
by one individual and where there is no legal distinction between the owner and the business as
stated by "E–conomic, Sole Trader– What is a Sole Trader?] to a franchise [a right granted to an
individual or group to market a company's goods or services within a certain territory or location as
stated by "About Money– What is a Franchise"]. The purpose of this report is to analyze the Subway
franchise, its advantages, disadvantages and advice Johnny on whether he should remain a sole
trader or own a Subway franchise.
ANALYSIS:
Advantages of being a Sole Trader:
Being a sole trader has many advantages. Most importantly, it is cost effective, simple and easy to
setup and maintain. A sole trader completely controls the direction and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
As stated before, it is simple and easy to set up. It will help you to expand and earn more profits.
The location of your current business is located in a very strategic area, so I recommend that you
open your subway outlet in the same shop. There is a constant footfall of not only local people but
foreign visitors and tourists who would be familiar with the Subway brand name, thus giving a push
to the sales. However, before you do so, make sure you research the number of Subway outlets in
that area to lower the competition. Subway is one of the most famous brands in the world, so getting
customers and workers will not be a problem. There will be a few limitations, but the advantages
outweigh them. Subway also has a clear way to communicate and contact them; and they give
complete training to anyone interested in owning a

Sole Trader
NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE
GRADE 12
BUSINESS STUDIES FEBRUARY/MARCH 2013 MEMORANDUM
MARKS: 300
This memorandum consists of 28 pages.
Copyright reserved
Please turn over
Business Studies
2 NSC – Memorandum
DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013
NOTES TO MARKERS 1. For marking and moderation purposes, the following colours are
recommended: Marker: Senior Marker: Deputy Chief and Chief Marker: Internal Moderator: 2. Red
Green Black/Brown/Pink Orange
The numbering of Assessment Standards is in accordance with the principle of progression from
Grades 10 to 12, e.g. the first Assessment Standard is 12.1.2. Candidates' responses must be in full
sentences for SECTIONS B and C. This would depend on the nature of the question. A
comprehensive memorandum ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(See MARK BREAKDOWN at the end of each question.) If the candidate identifies/interprets the
question INCORRECTLY, then he/she may still obtain marks for insight. If a different approach is
used by candidates, ensure that the answers are assessed according to the mark
allocation/subheadings as indicated in the memorandum.
9.8

9.9
10. 11.
Take particular note of the repetition of facts. Indicate with a R. Subtotals to questions must be
written in the right–hand margin. Circle the subtotals as indicated in the breakdown of marks which
appear at the end of each question. Only the total for each question should appear in the left–hand
margin next to the appropriate question number. Allocate TWO marks for complete sentences.
Allocate ONE mark for phrases, incomplete sentences and vague answers. Please note that with
effect from 2012 (final examination) no marks will be allocated for indicating Yes (√√)/No (√√) in
evaluation type questions requiring substantiation or motivation. (Applicable for SECTIONS B and
C) With effect from November 2013, no marks will be allocated if the headings 'Introduction,
Conclusion, etc. in 'Insight' is not supported by an explanation.'
12. 13.
14.
Copyright reserved
Please turn over
Business Studies
5 NSC – Memorandum
DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013
SECTION A QUESTION 1 1.1 1.1.1 1.1.2 1.1.3 1.1.4 1.1.5 1.1.6

The Games Of The Game
The producers of the game 7 Days to Die have released the latest update of the game, Alpha 15. 7
Days to Die is an early access produced by The Fun Pimps game company. It is a sandbox survival
game, set in a post–apocalyptic zombie world. Players scavenge, collect resources, hunt, farm, craft,
build bases, and fight off against zombies. The game has a fully buildable and destructible world, in
which players can alter the environment. It also features single player and multiplayer, and a wide
variety of game setting options to enable people to play in a variety of styles. As one of the main
game creators, Joel Huenick, described it, "its like the Walking Dead, meets Fallout, meets
Minecraft". The release of Alpha 15, marks the latest advancement of this game. Previously, the
developers had allowed the option for players of the game to opt in to help test the update before
release. I had been one of the people, who opted in to testing it. In a previous article, I had wrote
about my early impressions of the update. Now, I intend to describe the details of the update's stable
release, and my more establish experiences of the game's new dynamic under the update. The Alpha
15 update has made quite a few significant changes to the game. The game's landscape design
system and graphical elements have been changed. A new terrain generating system now allows for
a more natural looking and varied terrain. Now you can face mountains, valleys, canyons, and other
pieces that make a

Sole Trader Disadvantages
Sole traders
Sole traders are any businesses that are owned and controlled by one person which they are entitled
to keep all profits. Examples of sole traders can be hairdressers, newsagents and window cleaners.
They do not have a separate legal existence from the business, in the eyes of the law in that they are
personally liable for all the businesses debts. This means that if the business can pay someone or pay
its debt, that will mean the sole trader will have to use its own personal money. This is a risk the sole
trader is taking and it's called unlimited liability.
There are a number of advantages of being a sole trader:
Sole traders have full control of their business
Sole traders retain all the profits of their business.
You are your own boss
You can choose the hours you work and what you want to do
There are also a few disadvantages of being a sole trader:
Sole trader could lose everything if the business can't pay the bills.
You might get no holidays and work long hours, which will mean that the sole trader will not get
paid for time off.
Partnership
Partnership are businesses who are owned by two or more people. A contract called a deed of
partnership normally comes up. This shows what type of partnership it is, how much capital each
party has put in, and how much profits and losses will be shared. A partnership can also have
sleeping partners, which they invest in the business but does not have day to day in running the
business. Examples of partnership is dentists, doctors and lawyers.
Partnership is unlimited liability, which means that the business is personally liable for the debts.
This means that if the business can't pay someone or pay its own debt, the partners will have to use
its own personal money.
There are a number of advantages of being a partner:
The business is easy to establish and start–up costs are low.
Partners business affairs are private.
More money is available for the business.
There a number of disadvantages of being a partner
There is a risk of partners disagreeing.
The liability of the partners for the debts of the business is unlimited.
Partners share the profits equally.

Private limited company
A type of company that offers limited

Informative Speech On Jordan Shoe
Did you know jordan once said the ceiling is the roof. I'm going to be telling you why i think
jordans shoe is the shoe for you. I will be talking about what the normal price of jordans are, what
kinds of jordans shoes there are, and last but not least the overall history of the jordan shoe. Did you
know jordan was fined 5,000 dollars a game when he wore his notorious shoes 'the first shoe he ever
made" but he was fined because the refs and the people of the nba didn't think they where basketball
shoes. When i first was searching on google for jordan's i came acrossed the price so i thought it
would be interesting to do the price of a everyday jordan shoe. After i was looking for a while i
found the most expensive pair of jordans out ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In my paper i went over three things one the price of jordan's, two what is inside a jordan shoe and
three how much they cost and how much the most expensive pair is. And the reason why i think
jordan shoe is the shoe for you, so the next time you go out and buy shoes check out your local foot
locker or finish line because that is where jordan's most likely

business unit 16 p1 p2 p3 p4 m1
P1
Strengths:
I am enthusiastic
I have a positive attitude
I am self–motivated
I have excellent communication skills
I am trustworthy
I have a smart appearance
Weaknesses:
Nervous when speaking in front of groups
I am sometimes shy when I meet people for the first time
My punctuality is sometimes a problem
M1 When starting your own business there are many advantages, these vary from being your own
boss, which means you are able to make your own decisions which is very convenient because
everything you say goes.
You are also able to work at a place that suits you, whether it being a location that is close to your
home or a place that has more attractions.
This also means that you are able to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are two main ways to carry out market research, primary research and secondary research.
Primary research is where we get information straight from the customers. These could include
interviews, questionnaires, analysing purchase records and feedback. Secondary research uses
published information such as yellow pages, newspaper reports and articles in trade journals.
Promoting and advertising your product or service
Promoting and advertising your business is quite important because it helps make the business more
recognisable. We usually promote advertise to give people information on products and services, we
explain about changes and improvement, publicising special offers and sales and building a positive
image of the business.
At His and Hers we use a variety of ways to promote and advertise our business. We have posters
around the local area, we hand out leaflets, we advertise in the local newspaper and many more. We
also promote our business by giving out key holders and pens with our logo and address on it.

Unique selling point
My business His and Hers sell pure virgin hair, they vary from different lengths to different textures.
We also have appealing packaging and outstanding customer service. We also sell at very reasonable
prices compared to other high street cosmetic stores.
Competition
My business has many competitors such as PAKs cosmetics, Shabba, beauty depot and many more.
All of these hair and cosmetics shops are located all around

The Pros and Cons of Being a Sole Trader Essay
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Being a Sole Trader A sole trader is a person, who runs his or
her own business, he is self–employed therefore he has no boss he works over all the staff members
in his business. Below are some advantages of being a sole trader. The owner works for himself in
the sense that he decides what to do and when to do it. He decides weather or not he keeps staff, if
so he says how many and also to pay them. He is his own boss he decides what kind of business he
wants, weather to buy a property or just rent one. The owners business would have low start up costs
in the sense that compared to a large multi –million pound company they would not have to pay a lot
of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Instead of paying millions to start up a business they have only to ask the council permission if they
wish to make food on the premises and a few other things depending on the type of business. The
owner decides what to do with the profits in the sense that he decides weather to invest it if so by
advertising the business on the media. (Newspapers, television, radio etc.) He may decide to buy
more stock, and many more things. The owner has full control of the business in the sense that he
decides weather to employ or un–employ employees. He can decide when to open and close the
business for the day, he can decide to keep a certain brand in stock or stop selling another brand.
Being a sole trader has its downsides too below are some disadvantages. Being a sole trader you
have unlimited liability in the sense that if your business was failing for a good seven months. And
you do not have enough money to give your staff wages or pay for the bills and your creditors would
like their money back, they can come to your place of residence and take anything and everything
they want. For a sole trader there are few sources of finance in the sense that the bank will not give
you a large sum of money to start another branch because they need a guarantee or a guarantor. If
you do not have either of them then you will find

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Sole Trader
Sole Trader Advantages
Decision making is fast for the sole trader as it's just the owner who decided where the business is
heading and whether or not to undertake any work and where and when they will work. They are
normally closer to their customers and offer a more personalised attitude and improved customers
service.
A sole trader no need complete many of the forms and accounting information that limited
companies need to prepare. Annual accounts can help prepare the annual self–assessment tax return
where you announce your annual profits and tax liability.
Sole Trader Disadvantages
The disadvantage is the owner of the business, are solely liable for any consequences of business
failure or any other liability. For example, injuring a customer or damaging ... Show more content
Since there are multiple owners involved in the business all of the risks of the business are spread
out and made much smaller than if a single person was responsible for the business on their own.
This generally refers to legal issues, like if the company was sued for any reason.
Another one of the great benefits of operating underneath an Limited Liability Partnership is how
you file taxes. The partnership itself doesn't have to file taxes as a business, which provides great
breaks for the company. However, each individual partner must file a variety of different tax forms
regarding the business.
Disadvantages of a Limited Liability Partnership
Due to the tax benefits and tricky workings of an Limited Liability Partnership, some states do no
allow them to form or operate in their region. Another big problem is that many states do not
recognize Limited Liability Partnership's as a legal business.
Just like some states do not recognize, the majority of the rest pose large tax limits on limited
liability partnerships. These taxes can come in as additional taxes when registering as well as issues
with personal tax

The Holiday Effect : Evidence From Cross Listed Stocks
The Holiday Effect: Evidence From Cross–Listed Stocks
Mohammed Alhashim
FINA–6311 Seminar in the Theory of Corporate Finance
April 26, 2016
1. Introduction
One of confound empirical findings reported in recent finance literature is the presence of
abnormally high stock returns on the day before holidays. In this paper, we are trying to investigate
the holiday effects in a novel context. Specifically, we attempt to test the presence of holiday effect
for a sub–group of stocks namely, the cross–listed stocks. We are interested in the holiday effects for
the US stocks that are listed in a forging stock exchange. Both academic and practitioners in the
field of finance have investigated the holiday effects. In one ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Section III provides the literature review. The data description and empirical design are presented in
Section III. Concluding remarks follow in Section IV.
2. Hypothesis development
 H1: the holiday effects will be more pronounced for stocks listed in US exchanges only compare
to cross–listed stocks.
.
3–Literature Review
The topic of holiday effects has been studied extensively using both US markets data and
international markets data
3.1 Holiday Effect in US Markets Ariel (1990) documents that the average preholiday return for the
period from 1963–1982, using both the CRSP value–weighted and equally weighted index, is nine
to 14 times higher than the mean return on the remaining days. Using a nighty years' worth of data
(1897–1986), Lakonishok and Smidt (1988) conclude that the preholiday rate of return is 23 times
larger than the regular daily rate of return. Liano el al. (1992) provides an evidence of the presence
of the holiday effects in OTC market. Finally, all previous studies document that pre–holiday returns
are not a manifestation of other calendar anomalies.
3.2 Holiday Effect in International Markets The pre–holiday effects are also documented in the
international stock exchanges. Mills and Coutts (1995), Arsad and Coutts (1997) and Meneu and
Pardo (2001) who observe a pre–holiday effect in the FT–SE Mid 250 index, FT 30 index,

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Fuk French Connection
menswear collection.
Fiscal policy is divided into 2 types and they are taxing and spending. And monetary is divided into
three types and those three are bonds, reserves and interest rates.
Fiscal policy
Fiscal policy is "The changes in government spending and taxes are at the option of the federal
government." Source: ICBT HANDOUTS
Each year governments raise and spend huge amounts of money. The UK government's estimates
for 2008 for an example suggest that the government spending will be about £618 billon and is to be
allocated in a manner, this spending will be funded mainly from taxations( direct and indirect) and
national insurance contributions. Fiscal policy involves the use of changes in government spending
and taxations to influence the level and composition of aggregate demand in the economy.
Fiscal Policy involves the use of changes in government spending and taxations to influence the
level and composition and aggregate demand in the economic and giving the amount involve is
clearly as important implications for business
Fiscal policy involves
1. taxation and other sources of income
2. government spending
3. borrowing whenever spending exceeds

The Internet’s Impact on Stock Trading Essay
"The Internet's Impact on Stock Trading"
Before the internet, stock trading was done exclusively through brokers. Now that computers and
technology have apparent strongholds in the realm of stock trading, more people have access to the
market. This essay shares some experiences that online stock trading services and day traders have
had due to the radical movement of online trading. The essay commences with a fictional anecdote
that describes one man's unfortunate experience through online trading. It then moves to some non–
fictional examples. One company was forced to leave the prospect of trading behind and had to
close its services. Another has found refuge in expanding its holdings by moving its primary focus
away from ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
But soon, many investors would realize that this wasn't the case.
Jon was one of these would–be investors. He found internet stock trading as a way to break into the
stock trading game but the game was not kind to him or his finances. In 1998, he created an account
with an online stockbroker, which made trading easier. There was no consultation with a
professional broker and stocks could be bought and sold at the click of a button. In addition, the
stock market's boom was kind to investors. Stocks in technology seemed to be always on the rise.
Jon invested. He took three thousand dollars and invested under the impression that his money
would double or perhaps triple. A mere two years later, these internet and technological companies
experienced a realization.
They were vulnerable to an economic decline. In March and April of 2000, the technology boom
was no more. In fact, it imploded: it collapsed in upon itself. Investors are still trying to quantify the
damages and costs. Jon's small portfolio was at the mercy of the technology implosion. He too
became a loser in the investing game. His family savings was not doubled as he hoped, but rather,
worth only a couple hundred dollars. Now, he is not sure where to turn: "I thought I had made the
right decision. I saw an opportunity to help my family and our financial status and jumped on it. I
never saw the true risk involved. Technology was hot. Who could

The Importance Of Being A Sole Trader
. Control According to .......... the main advantage of being a sole trader is that they are full control
of their own business. Also considered as there "own boss", which applies to this sole trader as he
demanded what was tasks were needed to be completed and how he wanted them done, when I
observed the workforce at several different times throughout a particular day. Also.... Mentions that
they can run their own business how they please without the interference of others as they don't need
to consult with directors or shareholders due to being the only individual with a financial interest in
the business. ...... states that the main reason people start up a business apart from generating
revenue is the satisfaction of owning a business and running ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In addition to profit retention .......Also mentions that sole traders personally own assets that are used
in the business to achieve its services; which can be seen as an advantage due to disposal proceeds
& income from sale of equipment goes to the sole trader directly. During a meeting it was discussed
that the sole trader's assets such as vehicles, lawn mowers and tools are personally his which he uses
for personal use at home during weekends as well. .Privacy Another pro of being a sole trader is that
they have maximum privacy in relation to their business 'financial data i.e. end of year accounts. As
........ explains that information about sole traders' info are kept private due to not acting like a
company in terms of going public and registering with the Companies House. Which part of the data
can be assessed publicly through the Companies House Records. However Sole traders' ownership
& accounts must be known by the HMRC but are not kept in the public records. Another positive
outcome that this benefit provides is that it means other stakeholders such as competitors have less
material to see how there coping/managing & to identify the factors of their success.
.Personal/Operational flexibility ....... Clarifies that due to sole traders being on their own means that
decisions are also made alone due to there being no need to discuss with others. Because of this,
changes to the business can be easily occurred I.e. (in this case) changing the

Organisational Structure Impacts on Other Areas of the...
1.1 Briefly define different types of organizational culture. How would you describe the culture at
Greescape? Under the different types of culture, what type of culture, do you think is evident in
Greenscape? Organizational Culture – the idea became recognized with the notion of organizational
(corporate) climate in the 60s and 70s. Different researchers had developed several models and
methods to describe them. 4 general categories: * Compete (Market) Culture – Goal orientated,
highly driven and motivated by winning teams/individuals. High–risk taking, fast paced and
demanding environment, unlimited working hours. Concentrating on immediate, accountable
results. Highly competitive, stressful but rewarding for the employees ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The norms and systems were adjusted to the people in the company. As the business evolves It had
become the owners habit, to prioritise her employees and treat them as family. Lita and all
employees were direct, honest and involved with each other, played softball together; therefore at
Greenscape we can identify Collaborate type of culture. 1.2 How does the relationship between
structure and culture impact the performance at Greenscape? Greenscape started as a sole trader and
over 10 years grew to a company of 20 employees. There was not much evidence of any appropriate
structure. It was a simple arrangement of people, divided in six to eight working crews. The owner
was arranging work schedules around personal lives of her employees. The only person who
remained in full power of the company became detached from the organization. There was no focus
on the future of the company and none of the bureaucracy methods had been implemented to ensure
a smooth running business. Lita Ong didn't recognize the need to change and adjust her business to
its growing needs. Like not noticing growing out of your own shoes! She needed to implement new
departments, like HR, sales, research. Select managers, supervisors and team leaders. Allocate tasks
to created departments so she is easily able to coordinate her demanding business. The
organizational culture of the company remain collaborate, friendly and informal as

Comparing Public Sector Organizations And Different Scales
There are different ypes of organstions with different purposes and different scales, first of there are
public sector companies, public sector companies are owned by the government rather then
individuals, these include but are not limited to the NSH , the police force and so on, public sector
companies are not set up to make profit but rather to help people of the country by providing various
services, for example the NHS tries to keep the nation healthy so there enough working people and
aim of the police force would to keep the rate low, the second secor is called private sector, private
sector companies are owned by individual or individulas, these comaines are set up to genartate
profit either through providing a product or service, these are the most common type businesses,
unlike the public sector most of the business in thie section are competing with each other for the
cunsumers attention. Finaly there is the voluntary sector, voluntary sector, companies In this sector
are set up to raise money for charity, this companies in this sector are owned by individual/
individuals just like the private sector but there goal is not to make profit but rather raise to help
popele in need #
Size and scope
Businesses can come in all seizes, the size of a business can be detrmined by many different factors
for example the number of staff employees, the amout of profit it generates and on what scale it
operates
Business can operate on different scales, these include localy,

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