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Oggetto dell’esercitazione:
Strumenti
utilizzati
Il comparatore è uno strumento di misura utilizzato per
misurare la variazione di lunghezza.
Il termometro è uno strumento che misura la temperatura
Il dilatometro serve per sostenere i 2 materiali
Oggetti
utilizzati
Un becker di vetro
-Piccola caldaia



-2 tipi di sbarre con materiale
diverso. Le sbarre sono cave in
modo da far passare il calore
all’interno.
Cenni teorici:
Schemi e tabelle

Lo     ΔL       λ = ΔL/(Lo ΔT) Lf (mm)   To (°C)   Tf      ΔT = Tf-To
(mm)   (mm)    (°C−1)                              (°C)    (°C)
 500    0,63      0,000021     500,63      26,5     85,4       58,9
 500    0,24     0,0000073     500,24      26,8     92,8        66
Prima di tutto misuriamo la
lunghezza iniziale dei 2 materiali e
la temperatura iniziale. Dopo
fissiamo il comparatore nel
dilatometro e lo azzeriamo con il
quadrante mobile. Montiamo uno
dei due materiali sul dilatometro,
dove viene bloccato solo da una
parte (il lato opposto al
comparatore).
Colleghiamo il tubo della caldaia al
materiale che abbiamo in esame.
Mettiamo un po’ d’acqua
all’interno della caldaia e la
facciamo riscaldare e aspettiamo
che si riscaldi. Una volta
riscaldata, il vapore deve passare
attraverso la cavità del materiale.
La temperatura finale si misura
quando iniziano ad uscire le prime
gocce e le lancette del
comparatore si fermano.
Riportiamo le misure nella tabella
e calcoliamo il coefficiente di
dilatazione termica lineare (λ).
Ripetiamo la prova con l’altro
materiale.
Da questa prova abbiamo capito
che il primo materiale è alluminio
perché il coefficiente di dilatazione
termica lineare dell’alluminio è
0.000024.. Mentre il secondo è
titanio perché il coefficiente di
dilatazione termica lineare del
titanio è 0.0000086
I coefficienti non corrispondo
perfettamente perché ci sono
errori; uno di questo è che nel fare
i passaggi perdiamo tempo e la
temperatura del materiale
incomincia ad equilibrarsi con la
temperatura dell’ambiente.
FINE..

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Coefficiente di Dilatazione Termica Lineare

  • 1.
  • 4. Il comparatore è uno strumento di misura utilizzato per misurare la variazione di lunghezza.
  • 5. Il termometro è uno strumento che misura la temperatura
  • 6. Il dilatometro serve per sostenere i 2 materiali
  • 8. Un becker di vetro
  • 9. -Piccola caldaia -2 tipi di sbarre con materiale diverso. Le sbarre sono cave in modo da far passare il calore all’interno.
  • 11. Schemi e tabelle Lo ΔL λ = ΔL/(Lo ΔT) Lf (mm) To (°C) Tf ΔT = Tf-To (mm) (mm) (°C−1) (°C) (°C) 500 0,63 0,000021 500,63 26,5 85,4 58,9 500 0,24 0,0000073 500,24 26,8 92,8 66
  • 12.
  • 13. Prima di tutto misuriamo la lunghezza iniziale dei 2 materiali e la temperatura iniziale. Dopo fissiamo il comparatore nel dilatometro e lo azzeriamo con il quadrante mobile. Montiamo uno dei due materiali sul dilatometro, dove viene bloccato solo da una parte (il lato opposto al comparatore).
  • 14. Colleghiamo il tubo della caldaia al materiale che abbiamo in esame. Mettiamo un po’ d’acqua all’interno della caldaia e la facciamo riscaldare e aspettiamo che si riscaldi. Una volta riscaldata, il vapore deve passare attraverso la cavità del materiale.
  • 15. La temperatura finale si misura quando iniziano ad uscire le prime gocce e le lancette del comparatore si fermano. Riportiamo le misure nella tabella e calcoliamo il coefficiente di dilatazione termica lineare (λ). Ripetiamo la prova con l’altro materiale.
  • 16.
  • 17. Da questa prova abbiamo capito che il primo materiale è alluminio perché il coefficiente di dilatazione termica lineare dell’alluminio è 0.000024.. Mentre il secondo è titanio perché il coefficiente di dilatazione termica lineare del titanio è 0.0000086
  • 18.
  • 19. I coefficienti non corrispondo perfettamente perché ci sono errori; uno di questo è che nel fare i passaggi perdiamo tempo e la temperatura del materiale incomincia ad equilibrarsi con la temperatura dell’ambiente.