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Neuroscience Physiology
Lecture 10
Monday, November 19, 2018 1
Monday, November 19, 2018 2
Monday, November 19, 2018 3
Monday, November 19, 2018 4
Monday, November 19, 2018 5
connexon
Monday, November 19, 2018 6
Monday, November 19, 2018 7
Monday, November 19, 2018 8
Monday, November 19, 2018 9
Monday, November 19, 2018 10
Monday, November 19, 2018 11
Electrical events in excitatory synapses
Electrical events in inhibitory synapses
Monday, November 19, 2018 12
-70mv
-59mv
(excitatory postsynaptic potential - EPSP)
Na
Na
Na
Na
Na
Na
Na
Monday, November 19, 2018 13
-70mv
-59mv
(excitatory postsynaptic potential - EPSP)
Na
Na
Na
Na
Na
Na
Na
Monday, November 19, 2018 14
Electrical events in excitatory synapses
Electrical events in inhibitory synapses
1- Inhibitory postsynaptic potential – IPSP
2- Presynaptic inhibition
Monday, November 19, 2018 15
Pain Endorphins and
enkephalins
Periaqueductal grey area (MB, Pons)
Raphe magnus
nucleus
(Pons, MO)
enkephalin enkephalin
serotonin
Monday, November 19, 2018 16
Pain Endorphins and
enkephalins
Periaqueductal grey area (MB, Pons)
Raphe magnus
nucleus
(Pons, MO)
enkephalin enkephalin
serotonin
Central excitatory and central inhibitory states
Monday, November 19, 2018 17
Characteristics of synaptic transmission
Monday, November 19, 2018 18
1. Forward conduction
Monday, November 19, 2018 19
Na
Na
Na
Na
Na
Na
Na
3. Synaptic delay:
Monday, November 19, 2018 20
0.5 millisecond per synapse
4. Synaptic fatigue
Monday, November 19, 2018 21
4. Synaptic fatigue
Monday, November 19, 2018 22
2. Summation
Monday, November 19, 2018 23
Monday, November 19, 2018 24
-70mv
-59mv
(excitatory postsynaptic potential - EPSP)
Na
Na
Na
Na
Na
2. Summation
Na
Na
does not exceed 15 milliseconds
Monday, November 19, 2018 25
2. Summation
Monday, November 19, 2018 26
Na
Na
Na
Na
Na
2. Summation
Na
Na
Monday, November 19, 2018 27
Monday, November 19, 2018 28
5. Synaptic plasticity:
Monday, November 19, 2018 29
Memory is defined as the ability to recall past
experience
Monday, November 19, 2018 31
Monday, November 19, 2018 32
012022……………
Memory traces
• It is the ability of the synapse (between two neurons) to change in
strength in response to either use or disuse of transmission over
synaptic pathway
• It is the ability of the synapse (between two neurons) to change in
strength in response to either use or disuse of transmission over
synaptic pathway
• i.e. synaptic conduction can be strengthen or weakened on the basis
of past experience.
• These changes are of great interest because they represent forms of
learning and memory.
Post tetanic facilitation
Post tetanic facilitation
Post tetanic facilitation
- Definition: This is production of enhanced (increased) PSPs in response to rapid successive stimulation of
the presynaptic neuron.
Post tetanic facilitation
- Mechanism: Successive stimulation → Ca++ accumulation in the presynaptic neuron → the elevated Ca++ level
causes more & more vesicles to release their transmitter → producing a greater (enhanced) response of the
postsynaptic neuron.
Post tetanic facilitation
- Duration of the enhancement: This lasts 60 seconds or even minutes.
Post tetanic facilitation
- Post-tetanic facilitation resembles long term potentiation, however the later is more prolonged and lasts for days.
B) Habituation & sensitization: See later (Memory).
Lecture+10

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Lecture+10