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1. TOXOPLASMOSISTOXOPLASMOSIS
A Risk In PregnancyA Risk In Pregnancy

2. What isWhat is
Toxoplasmosis?Toxoplasmosis?
 It is an infection caused by the parasiteIt is an infection caused by the parasite
Toxoplasma gondiiToxoplasma gondii

3. What causesWhat causes
Toxoplasmosis?Toxoplasmosis?
 The protozoanThe protozoan Toxoplasmosis gondii,Toxoplasmosis gondii, isis
a obligate, intracellular parasitea obligate, intracellular parasite
responsible for zoonotic infections in manresponsible for zoonotic infections in man
and other mammalsand other mammals

4. Life Cycle:Life Cycle:
 Two phasesTwo phases
 Intestinal and extraintestinalIntestinal and extraintestinal

5. Toxoplasmosis gondiiToxoplasmosis gondii
 OocystsOocysts- Only members of the cat family- Only members of the cat family
shed oocystsshed oocysts

6. Toxoplasmosis gondiiToxoplasmosis gondii
 Trophozoites-Trophozoites- Tachyzoites are theTachyzoites are the
actively proliferating trophozoites, whichactively proliferating trophozoites, which
are observed during the acute stage ofare observed during the acute stage of
infectioninfection

7. Toxoplasmosis gondiiToxoplasmosis gondii
 Tissue cystsTissue cysts: Tissue cysts are found: Tissue cysts are found
most commonly in the brain and inmost commonly in the brain and in
skeletal and cardiac muscle but canskeletal and cardiac muscle but can
occur in any organoccur in any organ

8. Diagnosis:Diagnosis:
 Serological testsSerological tests
 Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
 Histological demonstration of the parasiteHistological demonstration of the parasite
and or its antigens (i.e.and or its antigens (i.e.
immunoperoxidase stain)immunoperoxidase stain)
 Isolation of the organismIsolation of the organism

9. Prevention:Prevention:
 Wear gloves when handling soilWear gloves when handling soil
 Wash hands with soap and water after outdoorWash hands with soap and water after outdoor
activitiesactivities
 When preparing raw meat, wash any cuttingWhen preparing raw meat, wash any cutting
boards, sinks, knives and other utensils thatboards, sinks, knives and other utensils that
touched the raw meat thoroughly with soaptouched the raw meat thoroughly with soap
and hot water to avoid contaminating otherand hot water to avoid contaminating other
foodsfoods
 Cook all meats thoroughlyCook all meats thoroughly

10. Prevention:Prevention:
 Keep cats indoors and feed them dry orKeep cats indoors and feed them dry or
canned food rather than allowing them tocanned food rather than allowing them to
have access to wild birds and rodentshave access to wild birds and rodents

11. Serological testsSerological tests
of toxo plasmosisof toxo plasmosis
 for qualitative and semi-quantitativefor qualitative and semi-quantitative
detection ofdetection of Toxoplasma gondiiToxoplasma gondii antibodies inantibodies in
serum.serum.
 Atlas Toxo latex kit is an agglutination test toAtlas Toxo latex kit is an agglutination test to
detect specific antibodies in serum ofdetect specific antibodies in serum of
toxoplasmic patients.toxoplasmic patients.
 If specific antibodies are present in theIf specific antibodies are present in the
sample a clear agglutination will appear.sample a clear agglutination will appear.

12. MATERIALS-MATERIALS-
MATERIALS PROVIDEDMATERIALS PROVIDED
 Toxo latex reagent (Latex particlesToxo latex reagent (Latex particles
coated with soluble T.gondii antigen, pH,coated with soluble T.gondii antigen, pH,
7.5 sodium azide 0.95 g/dL).7.5 sodium azide 0.95 g/dL).
 Toxo positive control.Toxo positive control.
 Toxo negative control.Toxo negative control.
 Test slide.Test slide.
 Stirring Sticks.Stirring Sticks.
 Package insert.Package insert.

13. MATERIALS NEEDEDMATERIALS NEEDED
BUT NOT PROVIDEDBUT NOT PROVIDED
  Serological pipette.Serological pipette.
  Timer.Timer.
  Normal Saline 0.9% NaCL.Normal Saline 0.9% NaCL.

14. PROCEDURESPROCEDURES

15. ThanksThanks