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What Is Environmental Geography? Essay
Final Exam
1.What is environmental geography?
Essentially, environmental geography is the study of the distribution pattern of environments across
the earth, how these environments change over time and the reasons for this change, as well as how
the activities of humans affect these changes and are affected by them ("A – EG SP16 – What is
Environmental Geography").
2.Briefly discuss the 5 "Human Drivers of Environmental Change"
The five "Human Drivers of Environmental Change" are demographic, sociopolitical, economic,
technological, and cultural (Middleton 25). Demographic drivers are classified by the population.
This includes population size, the structure of a population, where people settle and migrate too, as
well as the amount of education in a population (Middleton 26). Sociopolitical drivers are centered
around the organization of a society, such as a city, as well as environmental governance. This is the
influence that a society's organization has on the ways people interact with the environment
(Middleton 27). Economic drivers are comprised of the growth of economies through the use of
local and global resources (Middleton 27). Technological drivers are the developments of new
technologies and new scientific discoveries (Middleton 28). Finally, cultural drivers are the
influences that a society's culture has on how people interact with the environment (Middleton 29). I
believe that the most important drivers are demographic drivers. The population of the earth
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Globalization and the Environment Essay examples
Economy is not a separate thing from production, consumption and exchange. Economics pays no
attention to goods and services provided by nature, air, water, soil and sunlight that produce
everything we need for survival and all the riches we are able to accumulate. What is the cost of
globalization to the environment? Does globalization have the same goals for a healthy planet and
justice for people?
Timothy Taylor writes, "Moreover, largemultinational companies typically do not perceive it to be in
their self–interest to seek out locations where they can pollute most heavily." He goes on to explain
that these companies have a design in place with pollution–control that meets the standards of
countries with strict environmental laws....show more content...
However, Timothy Taylor points to globalization contributing to the "churning of the labor market as
people move in and out of jobs." Thomas Grennes writes, "Opposition to globalization has taken the
form of policies designed to protect traditional jobs, but these jobs can be preserved only by giving
up economic growth that generates creative destruction." He defines Creative destruction as,
"Innovations that stimulate general economic growth simultaneously destroy specific jobs as
emerging technologies replace older technologies."
Christopher Bright brings up the fact that pathogens, plants, insects, fish and mammals are being
inadvertently transported from their native habitats to invade non–native territories. Bioinvasion is a
result of international trade. Examples of this include invasive exotic weeds in Colorado, Formosan
termites in the southeastern United States, Atlantic coastline native comb jelly in the Black Sea, and
the Asian wood–boring beetle established in eastern North America. According to Bright,
"Real damage is occurring on a more fundamental, biological level: in grasslands, forests,
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The Importance Of Environmental Health
Humans interact with and are immersed in their environments. Typically, the quality of the
environment directly impacts the individual quality of life. Thus, environmental health (EH) consists
of preventing and controlling disease, injury and disability, related to people and their environment
(Healthypeople.gov, 2017). Maintaining a healthy environment is essential to living a quality and
long life. Unfortunately, globally nearly 25 percent of all deaths and disease burden are attributed to
environmental factors (Healthypeople.gov, 2017).
Environmental health is a branch of public health that focuses on the relationship of people and their
environment (APHA.org, 2017). The value of environmental health is diverse and far reaching in
that it promotes human health and wellbeing, as well as fosters healthy and safe communities. Thus,
it is easy to determine the necessity and importance of environmental health as part of a
comprehensive public health system. My practicum location is the military bases located in South
Central Pennsylvania. The main areas of focus are the installations located in Cumberland County.
This area of Pennsylvania has a population of approximately 549,475 people with an estimated
growth rate of nearly 10 percent per decade (credcpa.org, 2016). Installations that the environmental
health section supports include: Carlisle Barracks, Fort Indiantown Gap, Letterkenny Army Depot,
New Cumberland Army Depot, Tobyhanna Army Depot, and US Army Support
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Environmental Education Essay
Environmental Education
When forming a curriculum, teachers need to determine three types of objectives– fact, skill, and
appreciation for something. The "appreciation for" objective is the one that an environmental class
stresses. Environmental courses emphasize the importance of conserving the Earth by creating
environmental responsibility, evokes morals. In conservation, we have to decide what is important
and certain actions we want to take to preserve what we feel is important. That's why it is crucial for
teachers to decide what is necessary to include in an environmental curriculum to create sensitivity
and teach ethical problems. Teachers need to teach the three viewpoints that one could take on the
environment. Once these...show more content...
This machine excludes anything with intrinsic value or something that has value in and of
itself–versus the idea of instrumental value, which is anything, aside from humans, that is a means to
an end or a tool for something else. In this view, humans are the only ones with intrinsic value.
Knowledge, in this viewpoint, is to predict and control nature (Factor). "A result of this attitude is
that any species that are of potential use to humans can be a 'resource' to be exploited...The view that
humans have greater intrinsic value than other species also influences ethical judgments about
interactions with other organisms. These ethics are often used to legitimize treating other species in
ways that would be considered morally unacceptable if humans were similarly treated...Another
implication of the anthropocentric view is the belief that humans rank at the acme of the natural
evolutionary progression of species and of life" (Anthropocentrism).
Teachers need to provide logic, examples, and connections for students to grasp a concept.
Teachers would need to explain that it is logical, that everything is comprised of parts, and that
the machine is running for us. After all, we breathe the air, we're at the top of the food chain, we
have the power to destroy, and we have language. No other being on Earth compares to us; so
everything on Earth is meant for us. A teacher would provide an example such as the idea of
biodiversity. We need biodiversity because we have not
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Environmental Art Essay
Environmental art is a genre of art that was established in the late 1960's and it was created by
things found in nature to make a piece of art. Some of the the environmental art would be so large
in size, that it would be considered to be monumental. This kind of art can not be moved without
destroying it, and the climate and weather can change it. There are many reasons why an artist
would create an environmental work of art, such as : to address environmental issues affecting earth
today, to show things that could be powered by nature or be interactive with natural phenomenon
(like lighting or earthquakes), or to show how people can co–exist with nature, or maybe use it as a
means to help restore ecosystems in an aesthetic way....show more content...
Michael Hiezer's piece, "Double negative" was built in Nevada, near the Mormon mesa.
According to Double negative, "The trenches line up across a large gap formed by the natural
shape of the mesa edge. Including this open area across the gap, the trenches together measure
1,500 feet long, 50 feet deep, and 30 feet wide." Heizer just simply subtracted earth to create this
work, he took away earth to create the two trenches and thus, creating negative space, and that is
how he created a "double negative." This piece was considered to be one of the first works to start
the earth art movement. This piece was created to help show people how the earth can relate to art.
Heizer's piece "the city" is still a work in progress and has been a life–long project that is
somewhere in the Nevada Desert. The site can not be visited by people yet since Heizer is still
working on it. He is using "The complexes are made mostly of earth, and were inspired in part by
Native American traditions of mound–building and the ancient cities of Central and South America."
Heizer states in regards to the City as, "I'm building this work for later. I'm interested in making a
work of art that will represent all the civilization to this point." Walter de Maria was born in
California in 1935. He studied history and art at UC Berkeley, and then went to New York in 1960.
His early art was made from industrial materials to make minimalist art. In the late 1960's, he started
to
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Importance Of Protecting The Environment Essay
Our environment undoubtedly has many things we can use to benefit our everyday lives. Even if
our environment is not in tip–top shape, we need to start taking care of it better. If we don't many
things will happen. These things include plants dying, animals going extinct, air becoming polluted,
coral reefs dying, and water rapidly coming contaminated. Another problem our environment has to
face, overcome, or adapt too is Global Warming. Global Warming has and will continue to impact our
environment worldwide if we do not begin taking immediate action and do something to protect our
environment.
Protecting our environment is indeed the first action that should be taken. Protecting the
environment should take place locally and globally in my opinion. There are many things that our
local environment could do that would have have a tremendous impact on our environment that
genuinely would not take oodles of effort. A few of these could be as easy as recycling soda cans,
old school or work papers, and glass bottles and taking them to a local recycling center. When you
recycle you are reusing things or making them into new things. Two more examples would be
hosting or participating in a highway clean up, or planting a community garden at a park. Globally,
humans are responsible for Greenhouse Gasses, pollution, and fossil fuel shortages. Globally, if
everyone pitched in just a little bit, greenhouse gas emissions could go down drastically. The way we
could cut these emissions
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Environmental Science Reflection
Over the course of the semester, I feel that, in my Introduction to Environmental Science (EVR2001)
class, I have learned an extensive amount about current, past, and possibly future environmental
issues that our planet is enduring. Many of the issues impacting our environment have caught my
attention and opened my eyes to the effects these issues are causing. Environmental science has had
an impact on me personally, and has changed my understanding and the intensity of my opinions on
many environmental issues in a variety of ways. There are even particular environmental issues that
I find relevant to my own life for many reasons. This class taught me how I can reduce my own
impact on the environment, which has even led me to change some aspects of my life to reduce my
environmental impact as a result. EVR2001 has impacted me personally, in many different ways
First, this class has brought so many issues to my attention, and taught me that almost anything can
have a negative impact on our environment. For example, I found it intriguing that even letting a
pet cat, or feral cats in general, outside, is a severe negative threat to the biodiversity of an
ecosystem (Lecture 4 Slides). Personally, I do not believe many people know the effect cats can
have, which leads them to believe their cat is fine roaming around outside. The Global Article
Analysis assignments had another impact on me. They allowed me to realize that countries can be
affected differently by the same
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Environmental Law Essays
ENVIRONMENTAL LAW 1. To what extent have the principles of environmental law been
incorporated in the Environmental Protection Act 2000 20TH MARCH, 2004. Introduction The
environment is made up of the physical, biological and human elements. These three are different
facets of one and the same environment. Not only in recent years, the human environment has
begun to impinge and burden the physical and biological environment. It is only in recent years
that the public has been made aware of the seriousness of the matter. This awareness, has, not only
led to changes in local legislation, but also to changes in the way the problem is approached. It is
useless trying to solve environmental problems on a national basis as the...show more content...
Sovereignty over natural resources and the environment in general In modern international law,
permanent sovereignty over natural resources has come to entail duties as well as rights. There has
been an evolution of permanent sovereignty from a political claim to a principle of international law.
This principle led to debates on people's rights, nationalization, and environmental conservation. The
right of peoples and nations to permanent sovereignty over their natural wealth and resources must
be exercised in the interest of their national development and of the well–being of the people of the
State concerned. The promotion of this principle was the natural manifestation of the ever–present
fear of the developing countries, that the Western World would continue exploiting their natural
resources without conceding them a just and equitable share. This principle[2] was implemented in
our law and is found in both sections 3 and 4[3]. The principle states that the environment is a res
communis and thus should be enjoyed by all. The government as the bonus pater familias is
entrusted with the protection of this resource. Section 3 is the best example of this principle, stating:
"It shall be the duty of everyone together with the government to protect the environment and to
assist in the taking of preventive and remedial measures to protect the environment and manage
natural resources in a sustainable manner[4]." The polluter–pays principle
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The Problem Of Food Waste In America
Problem As society expands, it is critical to seek ways to lessen humans' environmental impact. A
key aspect of practicing sustainability is efficiently using resources, and one of such resources is
food. In America alone, about 40% of food goes uneaten, and as the population increases, pressures
on managing this waste will only increase further (Buzby, et al. 499). With many Americans lacking
a secure supply of food, the need for an improved ability to manage food waste is essential.
Furthermore, food waste places a severe strain on the environment. In an article by Buzby, Hyman,
Stewart, and Wells, they state, "Food loss at the retail and consumer levels represents significant
amounts of money and other resources invested in food production, including land, fresh water,
labor, energy, agricultural chemicals (e.g., fertilizer, pesticides) and other inputs to produce food
that does not ultimately meet its intended purpose of feeding people" (Buzby, et al. 492). It is clear
that the problems with food waste are immense, ranging from environmental to economic. Food
waste across the country is a pressing issue, however, it is very large in scope. A narrower area with
great potential for improvement is college dining halls, specifically those at Rutgers University. In
Dr. Whitehair's article on improving university dining, she states "Food waste generated by
universities each year is estimated at nearly 540,000 million tons" (Whitehair 63). Rutgers
University's Dining
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Reflection On Environmentalism
Thematically based around environmental issues, English 131 strays away from the stereotypical
English composition class of overanalyzing classic, fictional literature, and instead melds the
logical power of factual science with the emotional power of writing, to produce a course fit to
tackle present day concerns. While certainly not to knock at typical English language and literature
composition classes, as these courses are a boot camp for strengthening analytical skills and
producing complex claims, it was refreshing to take part in a more research based curriculum,
especially in a topic that I had previously little to no experience in. However, while this class is
definitely more grounded in research and facts, my previous experiences of closely analyzing and
dealing with theoretical concepts is readily apparent throughout my course writing. As you will soon
hopefully notice, the majority of my work presented in this portfolio deals with the ethics and
emotions behind environmentalism. Although my overarching topic is more conceptual than one
would expect in an environmentally driven English class, my arguments and claims are backed with
facts and logic, while still retaining the resonating impact associated with pathos induced writing.
The products of this combination–of the weaving together of logos and pathos–which the curriculum
of this class has readily allowed me to do, are carefully crafted, argumentatively sound papers and
projects that demonstrate a proficiency
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Human Impact On Environment Essay
Since the dawn of the industrial revolution, human activities have had an undeniable impact on the
environment. The destruction of the environment has far–reaching consequences, and there is little
that has been done to help improve, not just maintain, the environment. As seen in the degradation
of our soil, air quality, and water availability, current human behavior causes a decline in the
earth's health, and current environmental protections are few and far between. Soil quality is
currently declining, and good soil is something that is vital to the continuation of healthy
agricultural practices and healthy people. Without good soil, there can be no base to the
buildings that are created, and no roots for the plants we grow. When there is no water available,
power is not generated by giant dams we build, and the irrigation we dig is useless. If there is no
water, there is no life, and with no life, the world's ecosystems are destabilized, and we are thrown
out of balance. The natural world relies on the careful balancing of man–made and organic, and with
the regulations we currently have, the scales are tipping towards a man–made catastrophe. A prime
example of human impact is the global issue of water scarcity, something that can affect first and
third world countries alike. The human need for shelter and food cause expanding development,
which, in turn, cause increased amounts of pollution to enter into the environment. "Population
growth and development also produce water pollution, which further diminishes available water
supplies" (Cooper). Human activity also tends to be one of overuse, especially in the case of
water. Many industries use large quantities of water, such as agriculture, industrial and commercial
needs, mining uses, and thermoelectric power generation. "In the United States, these four major
categories of users combined add up to the withdrawal of more than 338,000 million gallons of
fresh water a day from surface and groundwater resources. Only about 27 percent of the water
withdrawn by them is actively used" (Stuart, 25). The unused water is recycled, to be put back
where it came from, but it could bring pollutants back into water storage areas. With enough time, the
aquifer or river
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Essay about The Ocean Environment
Ocean Environment
The sea is the most obvious feature of the earth's surface.
Approximately seventy percent of this surface is covered by water, in one way or another. Beneath
this water are the familiar sands of the beaches, bottoms of bays, and the inshore ocean. Farther
offshore this water covers an amazing submarine topography of underwater canyons, trenches,
mountains, and plains.
Unlike the continents, which are physically separated from one another, the oceans are continuous
and interconnected. Since the "world ocean is continuous"(M.J. Keen) it has similar
characteristics throughout. In the early
1870s oceanographers collected seawater samples from all of the seas of the world at a variety...show
more content...
They all have crests, troughs, wave heights, lengths, and periods. Also, water particles that make up
the waves all move in identical orbital patterns. The orbital pattern is up and forward in the crest
and down and back in the trough. It is only when the wave becomes unstable that the orbital motion
is destroyed. The water particles then begin to move at the same speed as the moving wave form.
Breaking waves release a tremendous amount of stored energy on a beach face. This energy moves
the sand about and changes the configuration of the bottom. As the bottom configuration is changed
by the waves, it changes the characteristics of incoming waves. This interaction between the waves
and the bottom results in the beach face having an everlasting wave pattern.
Everything in the universe is composed of extremely small paritcles called atoms, which are often
bonded together to form molecules. Molecules are formed as the result fo the transfer of electrons
between atoms. The complete loss and gain of electrons results in the formation of ionic molecules,
which have completely positive and negative vegions. Unequal sharing of electrons, on the other
hand, characterizes the polar covalent molecules, which have only partially positive and negative
regions. The
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Personal Statement For Environmental Engineering
Preserving the environment is one of the most critical issues we are facing today. How we act now
will determine the fate of future generations. What really inspired me to consider environmental
engineering as a profession was my Advanced Placement Environmental Science class in high school
– it opened my eyes to global issues such as overpopulation, loss of biodiversity, inefficient energy
sources, irresponsible waste disposal, etc. – and it motivated me to want to do something about it.
What I want to ultimately accomplish in this field of work is facilitate the growth of the use of
renewable energy sources, support responsible population reduction initiatives, and develop
agricultural practices that ensure food and water security for every single person on the planet. The
nature of the work varies depend on what one wants to specialize in. Many engineers work in office
settings (with a great deal of operational record keeping, paperwork, and technical reports), but it
often requires hands–on work and on–site oversight, especially when working in construction,
ecosystem remediation, natural resource cultivation, or waste management. Oftentimes, engineers
work over 40 hours a week in order to meet deadlines and finish all their tasks. On average, daily
face–to–face, email, and telephone communication, and group collaboration with contractors, staff,
and clients are necessary for careers offered to environmental engineers. At the same time,
independent work is emphasized.
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The Importance Of Environmental Consciousness
In recent days, certainly, the term environmental consciousness is one of the most utilized in various
degrees in our society. It being in a conference of international leaders or a local neighborhood
meeting, the matter of being environmentally and ecologically conscient became a mandatory
measure. In a general sense, being conscious towards environmental issues is described as the ability
to comprehend the environment one habits in, the actions and relationships among it, and the impacts
the caused by a short or long term. Such consciousness is only felt as complete once the perception
that such actions are much greater than a local, it impacts the planet and the environment in question.
In order to diminish the human environmental impact, we need to rethink our actions and its
possible consequences.
Additionally, another aspect of acquiring such consciousness is the search for information. After all,
awareness and knowledge are subjects profoundly interrelated. For instance, in recent days it is
brought to the fact that cars are released pollutant gases, as industries.Yet that the most developed
and consumerist countries are the ones that release most pollutant gases that contribute to the
greenhouse effect. The understanding that the amount of waste produced is also a major issue and it
produces affects the environmental balance.
However, being aware of such knowledge does not mean being environmentally conscious. Such can
have minimal utility when not transformed
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Environmental Analysis Essay
Environmental Analysis Introduction
This analysis will consist of the identification of the industry in which my organization operates. It is
important to identify key macroeconomic variables and their direct effect on the industry. This
analysis has two charts that identify the relationship between two main macroeconomic variables
and the corresponding industry variables over the last five years. I will also identify operating
challenges and opportunities for the industry my organization is involved in.
I work for an organization specializing in offering foster care,...show more content...
When inflation occurs government spending and budgets are cut. For the most part, the social
service industry is one of the areas directly affected by these fluctuations. There is less money
available to sustain these programs and therefore nonprofit organizations have to decrease the
services available. High interest rates also affect the money contributed to the organization.
Borrowers are less inclined to pursue loans when interest rates are higher, whether the money goes
for business or personal reasons. Sometimes, nonprofit organizations will contract with outside
agencies for services; higher interest rates mean those agencies have less of a money supply,
affecting the amount of business between the two entities. Tied into the above mentioned variable is
also unemployment. There are two ways in which the agency is affected by unemployment. When
there is less money available for the organization, there is less money to hire new personnel, which
directly affects the turnover rate within the industry. The social service field has a high level of
turnover; unfortunately, the paychecks do not match the amount of work and responsibility involved
in this line of work. When the agency doesn't have enough funding, it adds responsibilities to the job
descriptions of the current employees. Someone responsible for one department is expected to
handle three departments. Social workers whose typical caseload is 10
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Essay On Environmental Management
The development of an Environmental Management System in this project is essential for the
improvement in environmental performance, excellence in operations, competence development,
stakeholder's relationship improvement, energy consumption reduction & cost savings in the
organization and a certified legal compliance. In addition, the above purpose is a vital tool learnt
through this course. Hence, this assessment helped our group achieve the set objectives of the
course, in analysing the cause of existing and potential environmental hazards and proposing
preventive and remedial solutions for dealing with the environmental aspects and their consequent
impacts. Moreover, the contents of this assessment incorporates all the critical...show more content...
Using a low temperature during this stage is critical both in order to preserve the sensory profiles of
the oil obtained and to reduce the environmental impact caused by heating the olive paste. To sum it
up, using a lower temperature means higher product quality and, at the same time, less pollution and
lower production costs.
Waste and by–products – Despite the fact that our brand aims to produce outstanding products, we
never forget our philosophy of authenticity and above all our absolute respect for the environment. In
fact, all waste material generated during processing is either transformed or used in a way to
avoid pollution or excess. For example, the olive pits are dried so that they can be used as fuel in
special biomass heating systems. This type of system is used at the company to deliver the hot
water needed during processing. The vegetation water is used as a natural fertilizer at our grove,
or is delivered to special facilities with reactors that are able to create gas very similar to methane
and purified water. This water is also used to prepare cosmetic lotions because it contains a high
content of polyphenols. Solar panels cover the roof of the oil mill to help us cut our carbon footprint
even
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Environmental Essay
Environmental Scan Essay 4/20/2013 Environmental scanning can be viewed as a way of acquiring
information about outside events that can aid organizations in first identifying potential trends, then
interpreting them (Kerin, Hartley, & Rudelius, 2010). These trends normally consist of five sources,
social, economic, technological, competitive, and regulatory forces. My intention in this essay is to
focus on one; the economic environmental force. I will discuss how the current state of the economy
will impact completing an environmental scan. In order to evaluate how the economy will impact
the completion of an environmental scan, it is essential to cover the concerns that affect the
economic aspect whether people want to believe...show more content...
The second concern is more of a microeconomic trend and it has to deal with the consumer
income. These are equally important because as a consumer, we affect the economy with what
we do or do not purchase. Overall there are three components that a consumer's income is related
to in reference to buying that give us an idea of the state of the economy and the impact of
completing an environmental scan. They are the gross, disposable, and discretionary
components. The gross income is the total amount of money that is made by one person, or a
household. This can affect an environmental scan due to the fact that someone in a family can
fired from their job or given a raise leading to a disparity in the trend. The disposable income is
the money left after paying taxes. The problem is evident as described by Kerin, et al., (2010), "if
taxes rise or fall faster than income consumers are likely to have more or less disposable
income"(p.66). By having more or less income it makes it hard to scan and develop trends
effectively. The third component is the discretionary income; what is left over when everything else
is paid. In the end, the state of the economy will undoubtedly have an effect on completing an
environmental scan in large part due to the ups and downs of both what the consumers and
businesses are going through just to stay on track financially. It will make it difficult because of the
concerns and trends that potentially are out
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Macro environment Essays
Macro environment, one of the three key elements of the marketing environment explains the
influences of broader societal forces. These major external forces are not controllable, but being
aware of the environmental factors and its changes will be of great advantage for growing the
business (Angela, 2012).
In the travel business, the operation does not depend only on the internal functioning but is also
affected by external factors. Wotif is also affected by these internal and external factors. Macro
environmental analysis is needed for Wotif to achieve their goals, increase their profit and improve
their current strategies.
Political factors:
Political factors hugely affect the tourism business. It is important to analyse the political...show
more content...
Despite the strong dollar, number of visitors from China has increased rapidly. China in Asia
contributed to 17.3% of international expenditure in the financial year 2013–2014. Though, Wotif's
performance in the Asian market has been lacklustre.
It posted a lower profit this financial year due its under performing Asian business continuing to drag
on earnings (O'Sullivan, 2013)
These economic factors will influence the tourism arena in the new financial year.
Socio–cultural factors:
Australians are known for their love to travel and exploring new things. Australians are among the
biggest–spending travellers in the world, second only to Saudi Arabians. Despite the fall of the
dollar, Australians are showing no signs of changing their ''have passport, will travel'' mentality (Upe,
2013)
St George–Melbourne Institute reported that nearly 60 per cent of Australians nominated holidays
and travel as a key motivation for saving money, ahead of a deposit for a house, renovating,
retirement, education, repaying debts, buying a new car or an expensive item for the house (Upe,
2013)
During Christmas, Australians are now spending on Christmas holidays instead of buying gifts.
Travellers are more inclined to head overseas at Christmas than they were last year (Swallow, 2013)
In 2014–2015, Australia will be seen hosting major events including the
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Abstract On Environmental Pollution
Abstract
Environmental pollution is anything that can cause harm to the environment. Pollution is any
undesired alteration of the environment and is often caused by human activities (Mader, 2016, pg.
552). Types of human pollution would be air, water, soil, radioactive, thermal, noise, and light. Each
of these forms of pollution has been known to cause the enormous amount of concern for the
environment. There are laws in place now that are limiting pollution and to help control the issue.
Environmental pollution is a serious problem we are facing globally. It is the debate concerning
pollution, which we have been pondering for the past century. Prior to the industrial revolution,
scientists thought that the atmosphere was untouched by man–made pollutants until they found air
bubbles hidden in the core of Greenland's ice shelf (Stromberg). After finding this essential
development, scientist began to reconsider the initial cause of pollution and how to decrease the
lasting effects of it. With this discovery, pollution was traced back to Ancient Rome and it was
decided that globally we needed a new approach for dealing with this problem. There are numerous
types of pollution and they each have a devastating effect on the global climate. A scientist has been
working on ways to re–direct the negative effects of pollution and at the same time encourage
people to try to find ways to do that part to help with this effort. We all can find some way to
improve the world and decrease pollution.
The problems with air pollution seem to be one of the largest most discussed situations. The Natural
Resource Defense Council (NRDC) air pollution is the release of pollutants into the air that is
damaging human health and world. There are many forms of air pollution and smog and soot are
two of them. These two are discussed more when dissecting this problem due to them being the
most common forms of air position, which are also the most detrimental of them all. When the
sunlight and emissions from fossil fuels interact that is how smog is created. The creation of soot
formed from smoke, dust, allergens and other particles are spread throughout the air in gas or solid
form. Methane is also a huge component of the
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Environmental Science Essay
Environmental Fundamentals
Laura Jackson
Env/100
April 8, 2013
JOHN ENSWORTH
Environmental Fundamentals
Introduction
Environmental science is defined as the study of the environment and the interconnecting systems it
contains, furthermore, the way people interact with their natural surroundings and use natural
resources (wise geek, 2013). Scientist in this field is highly interdisciplinary and extremely diverse,
for example, a scientist might study volcanoes or climate change. This essay will cover the
following; the definition of environmental science, the relationship between science and technology
and how it affects environmental problems; the concept of environmental sustainability and why it
should be studied; how human...show more content...
Environmental Sustainability
Environmental sustainability is the process of making sure current processes of interaction with the
environment are pursued with the idea of keeping the environment as pristine as naturally possible
based on ideal–seeking behavior (Wikipedia, 2010). What makes environmental sustainability so
important is that it demands that society designs activities to meet human needs while indefinitely
preserving the life support systems of the planet (Wikipedia, 2010). Human consumption can only
use the nature's resources at a rate that can be replenished naturally.
Human Values affecting Society
The most devastating environmental change of all is the loss of biodiversity. The rate of species
extinction has remained at one species per million per year, furthermore, the accelerating destruction
of habitats throughout the world leads to projections of the loss of two–thirds of all species on earth
by the end of this century, and millions of years to recover from the Cretaceous period
(mindfully.org, 2013). As individuals, we obtain our food, directly or indirectly from plants, for
example, plant our primary use of medicines. Biodiversity also determines the properties of
communities and ecosystems, which capture energy from the sun. The world is less resilient, more
homogeneous, less interesting, and with fewer opportunities for our descendants and ourselves:
where the process reaches
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Environmental Essays

  • 1. What Is Environmental Geography? Essay Final Exam 1.What is environmental geography? Essentially, environmental geography is the study of the distribution pattern of environments across the earth, how these environments change over time and the reasons for this change, as well as how the activities of humans affect these changes and are affected by them ("A – EG SP16 – What is Environmental Geography"). 2.Briefly discuss the 5 "Human Drivers of Environmental Change" The five "Human Drivers of Environmental Change" are demographic, sociopolitical, economic, technological, and cultural (Middleton 25). Demographic drivers are classified by the population. This includes population size, the structure of a population, where people settle and migrate too, as well as the amount of education in a population (Middleton 26). Sociopolitical drivers are centered around the organization of a society, such as a city, as well as environmental governance. This is the influence that a society's organization has on the ways people interact with the environment (Middleton 27). Economic drivers are comprised of the growth of economies through the use of local and global resources (Middleton 27). Technological drivers are the developments of new technologies and new scientific discoveries (Middleton 28). Finally, cultural drivers are the influences that a society's culture has on how people interact with the environment (Middleton 29). I believe that the most important drivers are demographic drivers. The population of the earth Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 2. Globalization and the Environment Essay examples Economy is not a separate thing from production, consumption and exchange. Economics pays no attention to goods and services provided by nature, air, water, soil and sunlight that produce everything we need for survival and all the riches we are able to accumulate. What is the cost of globalization to the environment? Does globalization have the same goals for a healthy planet and justice for people? Timothy Taylor writes, "Moreover, largemultinational companies typically do not perceive it to be in their self–interest to seek out locations where they can pollute most heavily." He goes on to explain that these companies have a design in place with pollution–control that meets the standards of countries with strict environmental laws....show more content... However, Timothy Taylor points to globalization contributing to the "churning of the labor market as people move in and out of jobs." Thomas Grennes writes, "Opposition to globalization has taken the form of policies designed to protect traditional jobs, but these jobs can be preserved only by giving up economic growth that generates creative destruction." He defines Creative destruction as, "Innovations that stimulate general economic growth simultaneously destroy specific jobs as emerging technologies replace older technologies." Christopher Bright brings up the fact that pathogens, plants, insects, fish and mammals are being inadvertently transported from their native habitats to invade non–native territories. Bioinvasion is a result of international trade. Examples of this include invasive exotic weeds in Colorado, Formosan termites in the southeastern United States, Atlantic coastline native comb jelly in the Black Sea, and the Asian wood–boring beetle established in eastern North America. According to Bright, "Real damage is occurring on a more fundamental, biological level: in grasslands, forests, Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 3. The Importance Of Environmental Health Humans interact with and are immersed in their environments. Typically, the quality of the environment directly impacts the individual quality of life. Thus, environmental health (EH) consists of preventing and controlling disease, injury and disability, related to people and their environment (Healthypeople.gov, 2017). Maintaining a healthy environment is essential to living a quality and long life. Unfortunately, globally nearly 25 percent of all deaths and disease burden are attributed to environmental factors (Healthypeople.gov, 2017). Environmental health is a branch of public health that focuses on the relationship of people and their environment (APHA.org, 2017). The value of environmental health is diverse and far reaching in that it promotes human health and wellbeing, as well as fosters healthy and safe communities. Thus, it is easy to determine the necessity and importance of environmental health as part of a comprehensive public health system. My practicum location is the military bases located in South Central Pennsylvania. The main areas of focus are the installations located in Cumberland County. This area of Pennsylvania has a population of approximately 549,475 people with an estimated growth rate of nearly 10 percent per decade (credcpa.org, 2016). Installations that the environmental health section supports include: Carlisle Barracks, Fort Indiantown Gap, Letterkenny Army Depot, New Cumberland Army Depot, Tobyhanna Army Depot, and US Army Support Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 4. Environmental Education Essay Environmental Education When forming a curriculum, teachers need to determine three types of objectives– fact, skill, and appreciation for something. The "appreciation for" objective is the one that an environmental class stresses. Environmental courses emphasize the importance of conserving the Earth by creating environmental responsibility, evokes morals. In conservation, we have to decide what is important and certain actions we want to take to preserve what we feel is important. That's why it is crucial for teachers to decide what is necessary to include in an environmental curriculum to create sensitivity and teach ethical problems. Teachers need to teach the three viewpoints that one could take on the environment. Once these...show more content... This machine excludes anything with intrinsic value or something that has value in and of itself–versus the idea of instrumental value, which is anything, aside from humans, that is a means to an end or a tool for something else. In this view, humans are the only ones with intrinsic value. Knowledge, in this viewpoint, is to predict and control nature (Factor). "A result of this attitude is that any species that are of potential use to humans can be a 'resource' to be exploited...The view that humans have greater intrinsic value than other species also influences ethical judgments about interactions with other organisms. These ethics are often used to legitimize treating other species in ways that would be considered morally unacceptable if humans were similarly treated...Another implication of the anthropocentric view is the belief that humans rank at the acme of the natural evolutionary progression of species and of life" (Anthropocentrism). Teachers need to provide logic, examples, and connections for students to grasp a concept. Teachers would need to explain that it is logical, that everything is comprised of parts, and that the machine is running for us. After all, we breathe the air, we're at the top of the food chain, we have the power to destroy, and we have language. No other being on Earth compares to us; so everything on Earth is meant for us. A teacher would provide an example such as the idea of biodiversity. We need biodiversity because we have not Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 5. Environmental Art Essay Environmental art is a genre of art that was established in the late 1960's and it was created by things found in nature to make a piece of art. Some of the the environmental art would be so large in size, that it would be considered to be monumental. This kind of art can not be moved without destroying it, and the climate and weather can change it. There are many reasons why an artist would create an environmental work of art, such as : to address environmental issues affecting earth today, to show things that could be powered by nature or be interactive with natural phenomenon (like lighting or earthquakes), or to show how people can co–exist with nature, or maybe use it as a means to help restore ecosystems in an aesthetic way....show more content... Michael Hiezer's piece, "Double negative" was built in Nevada, near the Mormon mesa. According to Double negative, "The trenches line up across a large gap formed by the natural shape of the mesa edge. Including this open area across the gap, the trenches together measure 1,500 feet long, 50 feet deep, and 30 feet wide." Heizer just simply subtracted earth to create this work, he took away earth to create the two trenches and thus, creating negative space, and that is how he created a "double negative." This piece was considered to be one of the first works to start the earth art movement. This piece was created to help show people how the earth can relate to art. Heizer's piece "the city" is still a work in progress and has been a life–long project that is somewhere in the Nevada Desert. The site can not be visited by people yet since Heizer is still working on it. He is using "The complexes are made mostly of earth, and were inspired in part by Native American traditions of mound–building and the ancient cities of Central and South America." Heizer states in regards to the City as, "I'm building this work for later. I'm interested in making a work of art that will represent all the civilization to this point." Walter de Maria was born in California in 1935. He studied history and art at UC Berkeley, and then went to New York in 1960. His early art was made from industrial materials to make minimalist art. In the late 1960's, he started to Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 6. Importance Of Protecting The Environment Essay Our environment undoubtedly has many things we can use to benefit our everyday lives. Even if our environment is not in tip–top shape, we need to start taking care of it better. If we don't many things will happen. These things include plants dying, animals going extinct, air becoming polluted, coral reefs dying, and water rapidly coming contaminated. Another problem our environment has to face, overcome, or adapt too is Global Warming. Global Warming has and will continue to impact our environment worldwide if we do not begin taking immediate action and do something to protect our environment. Protecting our environment is indeed the first action that should be taken. Protecting the environment should take place locally and globally in my opinion. There are many things that our local environment could do that would have have a tremendous impact on our environment that genuinely would not take oodles of effort. A few of these could be as easy as recycling soda cans, old school or work papers, and glass bottles and taking them to a local recycling center. When you recycle you are reusing things or making them into new things. Two more examples would be hosting or participating in a highway clean up, or planting a community garden at a park. Globally, humans are responsible for Greenhouse Gasses, pollution, and fossil fuel shortages. Globally, if everyone pitched in just a little bit, greenhouse gas emissions could go down drastically. The way we could cut these emissions Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 7. Environmental Science Reflection Over the course of the semester, I feel that, in my Introduction to Environmental Science (EVR2001) class, I have learned an extensive amount about current, past, and possibly future environmental issues that our planet is enduring. Many of the issues impacting our environment have caught my attention and opened my eyes to the effects these issues are causing. Environmental science has had an impact on me personally, and has changed my understanding and the intensity of my opinions on many environmental issues in a variety of ways. There are even particular environmental issues that I find relevant to my own life for many reasons. This class taught me how I can reduce my own impact on the environment, which has even led me to change some aspects of my life to reduce my environmental impact as a result. EVR2001 has impacted me personally, in many different ways First, this class has brought so many issues to my attention, and taught me that almost anything can have a negative impact on our environment. For example, I found it intriguing that even letting a pet cat, or feral cats in general, outside, is a severe negative threat to the biodiversity of an ecosystem (Lecture 4 Slides). Personally, I do not believe many people know the effect cats can have, which leads them to believe their cat is fine roaming around outside. The Global Article Analysis assignments had another impact on me. They allowed me to realize that countries can be affected differently by the same Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 8. Environmental Law Essays ENVIRONMENTAL LAW 1. To what extent have the principles of environmental law been incorporated in the Environmental Protection Act 2000 20TH MARCH, 2004. Introduction The environment is made up of the physical, biological and human elements. These three are different facets of one and the same environment. Not only in recent years, the human environment has begun to impinge and burden the physical and biological environment. It is only in recent years that the public has been made aware of the seriousness of the matter. This awareness, has, not only led to changes in local legislation, but also to changes in the way the problem is approached. It is useless trying to solve environmental problems on a national basis as the...show more content... Sovereignty over natural resources and the environment in general In modern international law, permanent sovereignty over natural resources has come to entail duties as well as rights. There has been an evolution of permanent sovereignty from a political claim to a principle of international law. This principle led to debates on people's rights, nationalization, and environmental conservation. The right of peoples and nations to permanent sovereignty over their natural wealth and resources must be exercised in the interest of their national development and of the well–being of the people of the State concerned. The promotion of this principle was the natural manifestation of the ever–present fear of the developing countries, that the Western World would continue exploiting their natural resources without conceding them a just and equitable share. This principle[2] was implemented in our law and is found in both sections 3 and 4[3]. The principle states that the environment is a res communis and thus should be enjoyed by all. The government as the bonus pater familias is entrusted with the protection of this resource. Section 3 is the best example of this principle, stating: "It shall be the duty of everyone together with the government to protect the environment and to assist in the taking of preventive and remedial measures to protect the environment and manage natural resources in a sustainable manner[4]." The polluter–pays principle Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 9. The Problem Of Food Waste In America Problem As society expands, it is critical to seek ways to lessen humans' environmental impact. A key aspect of practicing sustainability is efficiently using resources, and one of such resources is food. In America alone, about 40% of food goes uneaten, and as the population increases, pressures on managing this waste will only increase further (Buzby, et al. 499). With many Americans lacking a secure supply of food, the need for an improved ability to manage food waste is essential. Furthermore, food waste places a severe strain on the environment. In an article by Buzby, Hyman, Stewart, and Wells, they state, "Food loss at the retail and consumer levels represents significant amounts of money and other resources invested in food production, including land, fresh water, labor, energy, agricultural chemicals (e.g., fertilizer, pesticides) and other inputs to produce food that does not ultimately meet its intended purpose of feeding people" (Buzby, et al. 492). It is clear that the problems with food waste are immense, ranging from environmental to economic. Food waste across the country is a pressing issue, however, it is very large in scope. A narrower area with great potential for improvement is college dining halls, specifically those at Rutgers University. In Dr. Whitehair's article on improving university dining, she states "Food waste generated by universities each year is estimated at nearly 540,000 million tons" (Whitehair 63). Rutgers University's Dining Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 10. Reflection On Environmentalism Thematically based around environmental issues, English 131 strays away from the stereotypical English composition class of overanalyzing classic, fictional literature, and instead melds the logical power of factual science with the emotional power of writing, to produce a course fit to tackle present day concerns. While certainly not to knock at typical English language and literature composition classes, as these courses are a boot camp for strengthening analytical skills and producing complex claims, it was refreshing to take part in a more research based curriculum, especially in a topic that I had previously little to no experience in. However, while this class is definitely more grounded in research and facts, my previous experiences of closely analyzing and dealing with theoretical concepts is readily apparent throughout my course writing. As you will soon hopefully notice, the majority of my work presented in this portfolio deals with the ethics and emotions behind environmentalism. Although my overarching topic is more conceptual than one would expect in an environmentally driven English class, my arguments and claims are backed with facts and logic, while still retaining the resonating impact associated with pathos induced writing. The products of this combination–of the weaving together of logos and pathos–which the curriculum of this class has readily allowed me to do, are carefully crafted, argumentatively sound papers and projects that demonstrate a proficiency Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 11. Human Impact On Environment Essay Since the dawn of the industrial revolution, human activities have had an undeniable impact on the environment. The destruction of the environment has far–reaching consequences, and there is little that has been done to help improve, not just maintain, the environment. As seen in the degradation of our soil, air quality, and water availability, current human behavior causes a decline in the earth's health, and current environmental protections are few and far between. Soil quality is currently declining, and good soil is something that is vital to the continuation of healthy agricultural practices and healthy people. Without good soil, there can be no base to the buildings that are created, and no roots for the plants we grow. When there is no water available, power is not generated by giant dams we build, and the irrigation we dig is useless. If there is no water, there is no life, and with no life, the world's ecosystems are destabilized, and we are thrown out of balance. The natural world relies on the careful balancing of man–made and organic, and with the regulations we currently have, the scales are tipping towards a man–made catastrophe. A prime example of human impact is the global issue of water scarcity, something that can affect first and third world countries alike. The human need for shelter and food cause expanding development, which, in turn, cause increased amounts of pollution to enter into the environment. "Population growth and development also produce water pollution, which further diminishes available water supplies" (Cooper). Human activity also tends to be one of overuse, especially in the case of water. Many industries use large quantities of water, such as agriculture, industrial and commercial needs, mining uses, and thermoelectric power generation. "In the United States, these four major categories of users combined add up to the withdrawal of more than 338,000 million gallons of fresh water a day from surface and groundwater resources. Only about 27 percent of the water withdrawn by them is actively used" (Stuart, 25). The unused water is recycled, to be put back where it came from, but it could bring pollutants back into water storage areas. With enough time, the aquifer or river Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 12. Essay about The Ocean Environment Ocean Environment The sea is the most obvious feature of the earth's surface. Approximately seventy percent of this surface is covered by water, in one way or another. Beneath this water are the familiar sands of the beaches, bottoms of bays, and the inshore ocean. Farther offshore this water covers an amazing submarine topography of underwater canyons, trenches, mountains, and plains. Unlike the continents, which are physically separated from one another, the oceans are continuous and interconnected. Since the "world ocean is continuous"(M.J. Keen) it has similar characteristics throughout. In the early 1870s oceanographers collected seawater samples from all of the seas of the world at a variety...show more content... They all have crests, troughs, wave heights, lengths, and periods. Also, water particles that make up the waves all move in identical orbital patterns. The orbital pattern is up and forward in the crest and down and back in the trough. It is only when the wave becomes unstable that the orbital motion is destroyed. The water particles then begin to move at the same speed as the moving wave form. Breaking waves release a tremendous amount of stored energy on a beach face. This energy moves the sand about and changes the configuration of the bottom. As the bottom configuration is changed by the waves, it changes the characteristics of incoming waves. This interaction between the waves and the bottom results in the beach face having an everlasting wave pattern. Everything in the universe is composed of extremely small paritcles called atoms, which are often bonded together to form molecules. Molecules are formed as the result fo the transfer of electrons between atoms. The complete loss and gain of electrons results in the formation of ionic molecules, which have completely positive and negative vegions. Unequal sharing of electrons, on the other hand, characterizes the polar covalent molecules, which have only partially positive and negative regions. The Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 13. Personal Statement For Environmental Engineering Preserving the environment is one of the most critical issues we are facing today. How we act now will determine the fate of future generations. What really inspired me to consider environmental engineering as a profession was my Advanced Placement Environmental Science class in high school – it opened my eyes to global issues such as overpopulation, loss of biodiversity, inefficient energy sources, irresponsible waste disposal, etc. – and it motivated me to want to do something about it. What I want to ultimately accomplish in this field of work is facilitate the growth of the use of renewable energy sources, support responsible population reduction initiatives, and develop agricultural practices that ensure food and water security for every single person on the planet. The nature of the work varies depend on what one wants to specialize in. Many engineers work in office settings (with a great deal of operational record keeping, paperwork, and technical reports), but it often requires hands–on work and on–site oversight, especially when working in construction, ecosystem remediation, natural resource cultivation, or waste management. Oftentimes, engineers work over 40 hours a week in order to meet deadlines and finish all their tasks. On average, daily face–to–face, email, and telephone communication, and group collaboration with contractors, staff, and clients are necessary for careers offered to environmental engineers. At the same time, independent work is emphasized. Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 14. The Importance Of Environmental Consciousness In recent days, certainly, the term environmental consciousness is one of the most utilized in various degrees in our society. It being in a conference of international leaders or a local neighborhood meeting, the matter of being environmentally and ecologically conscient became a mandatory measure. In a general sense, being conscious towards environmental issues is described as the ability to comprehend the environment one habits in, the actions and relationships among it, and the impacts the caused by a short or long term. Such consciousness is only felt as complete once the perception that such actions are much greater than a local, it impacts the planet and the environment in question. In order to diminish the human environmental impact, we need to rethink our actions and its possible consequences. Additionally, another aspect of acquiring such consciousness is the search for information. After all, awareness and knowledge are subjects profoundly interrelated. For instance, in recent days it is brought to the fact that cars are released pollutant gases, as industries.Yet that the most developed and consumerist countries are the ones that release most pollutant gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect. The understanding that the amount of waste produced is also a major issue and it produces affects the environmental balance. However, being aware of such knowledge does not mean being environmentally conscious. Such can have minimal utility when not transformed Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 15. Environmental Analysis Essay Environmental Analysis Introduction This analysis will consist of the identification of the industry in which my organization operates. It is important to identify key macroeconomic variables and their direct effect on the industry. This analysis has two charts that identify the relationship between two main macroeconomic variables and the corresponding industry variables over the last five years. I will also identify operating challenges and opportunities for the industry my organization is involved in. I work for an organization specializing in offering foster care,...show more content... When inflation occurs government spending and budgets are cut. For the most part, the social service industry is one of the areas directly affected by these fluctuations. There is less money available to sustain these programs and therefore nonprofit organizations have to decrease the services available. High interest rates also affect the money contributed to the organization. Borrowers are less inclined to pursue loans when interest rates are higher, whether the money goes for business or personal reasons. Sometimes, nonprofit organizations will contract with outside agencies for services; higher interest rates mean those agencies have less of a money supply, affecting the amount of business between the two entities. Tied into the above mentioned variable is also unemployment. There are two ways in which the agency is affected by unemployment. When there is less money available for the organization, there is less money to hire new personnel, which directly affects the turnover rate within the industry. The social service field has a high level of turnover; unfortunately, the paychecks do not match the amount of work and responsibility involved in this line of work. When the agency doesn't have enough funding, it adds responsibilities to the job descriptions of the current employees. Someone responsible for one department is expected to handle three departments. Social workers whose typical caseload is 10 Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 16. Essay On Environmental Management The development of an Environmental Management System in this project is essential for the improvement in environmental performance, excellence in operations, competence development, stakeholder's relationship improvement, energy consumption reduction & cost savings in the organization and a certified legal compliance. In addition, the above purpose is a vital tool learnt through this course. Hence, this assessment helped our group achieve the set objectives of the course, in analysing the cause of existing and potential environmental hazards and proposing preventive and remedial solutions for dealing with the environmental aspects and their consequent impacts. Moreover, the contents of this assessment incorporates all the critical...show more content... Using a low temperature during this stage is critical both in order to preserve the sensory profiles of the oil obtained and to reduce the environmental impact caused by heating the olive paste. To sum it up, using a lower temperature means higher product quality and, at the same time, less pollution and lower production costs. Waste and by–products – Despite the fact that our brand aims to produce outstanding products, we never forget our philosophy of authenticity and above all our absolute respect for the environment. In fact, all waste material generated during processing is either transformed or used in a way to avoid pollution or excess. For example, the olive pits are dried so that they can be used as fuel in special biomass heating systems. This type of system is used at the company to deliver the hot water needed during processing. The vegetation water is used as a natural fertilizer at our grove, or is delivered to special facilities with reactors that are able to create gas very similar to methane and purified water. This water is also used to prepare cosmetic lotions because it contains a high content of polyphenols. Solar panels cover the roof of the oil mill to help us cut our carbon footprint even Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 17. Environmental Essay Environmental Scan Essay 4/20/2013 Environmental scanning can be viewed as a way of acquiring information about outside events that can aid organizations in first identifying potential trends, then interpreting them (Kerin, Hartley, & Rudelius, 2010). These trends normally consist of five sources, social, economic, technological, competitive, and regulatory forces. My intention in this essay is to focus on one; the economic environmental force. I will discuss how the current state of the economy will impact completing an environmental scan. In order to evaluate how the economy will impact the completion of an environmental scan, it is essential to cover the concerns that affect the economic aspect whether people want to believe...show more content... The second concern is more of a microeconomic trend and it has to deal with the consumer income. These are equally important because as a consumer, we affect the economy with what we do or do not purchase. Overall there are three components that a consumer's income is related to in reference to buying that give us an idea of the state of the economy and the impact of completing an environmental scan. They are the gross, disposable, and discretionary components. The gross income is the total amount of money that is made by one person, or a household. This can affect an environmental scan due to the fact that someone in a family can fired from their job or given a raise leading to a disparity in the trend. The disposable income is the money left after paying taxes. The problem is evident as described by Kerin, et al., (2010), "if taxes rise or fall faster than income consumers are likely to have more or less disposable income"(p.66). By having more or less income it makes it hard to scan and develop trends effectively. The third component is the discretionary income; what is left over when everything else is paid. In the end, the state of the economy will undoubtedly have an effect on completing an environmental scan in large part due to the ups and downs of both what the consumers and businesses are going through just to stay on track financially. It will make it difficult because of the concerns and trends that potentially are out Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 18. Macro environment Essays Macro environment, one of the three key elements of the marketing environment explains the influences of broader societal forces. These major external forces are not controllable, but being aware of the environmental factors and its changes will be of great advantage for growing the business (Angela, 2012). In the travel business, the operation does not depend only on the internal functioning but is also affected by external factors. Wotif is also affected by these internal and external factors. Macro environmental analysis is needed for Wotif to achieve their goals, increase their profit and improve their current strategies. Political factors: Political factors hugely affect the tourism business. It is important to analyse the political...show more content... Despite the strong dollar, number of visitors from China has increased rapidly. China in Asia contributed to 17.3% of international expenditure in the financial year 2013–2014. Though, Wotif's performance in the Asian market has been lacklustre. It posted a lower profit this financial year due its under performing Asian business continuing to drag on earnings (O'Sullivan, 2013) These economic factors will influence the tourism arena in the new financial year. Socio–cultural factors: Australians are known for their love to travel and exploring new things. Australians are among the biggest–spending travellers in the world, second only to Saudi Arabians. Despite the fall of the dollar, Australians are showing no signs of changing their ''have passport, will travel'' mentality (Upe, 2013) St George–Melbourne Institute reported that nearly 60 per cent of Australians nominated holidays and travel as a key motivation for saving money, ahead of a deposit for a house, renovating, retirement, education, repaying debts, buying a new car or an expensive item for the house (Upe, 2013) During Christmas, Australians are now spending on Christmas holidays instead of buying gifts. Travellers are more inclined to head overseas at Christmas than they were last year (Swallow, 2013) In 2014–2015, Australia will be seen hosting major events including the Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 19. Abstract On Environmental Pollution Abstract Environmental pollution is anything that can cause harm to the environment. Pollution is any undesired alteration of the environment and is often caused by human activities (Mader, 2016, pg. 552). Types of human pollution would be air, water, soil, radioactive, thermal, noise, and light. Each of these forms of pollution has been known to cause the enormous amount of concern for the environment. There are laws in place now that are limiting pollution and to help control the issue. Environmental pollution is a serious problem we are facing globally. It is the debate concerning pollution, which we have been pondering for the past century. Prior to the industrial revolution, scientists thought that the atmosphere was untouched by man–made pollutants until they found air bubbles hidden in the core of Greenland's ice shelf (Stromberg). After finding this essential development, scientist began to reconsider the initial cause of pollution and how to decrease the lasting effects of it. With this discovery, pollution was traced back to Ancient Rome and it was decided that globally we needed a new approach for dealing with this problem. There are numerous types of pollution and they each have a devastating effect on the global climate. A scientist has been working on ways to re–direct the negative effects of pollution and at the same time encourage people to try to find ways to do that part to help with this effort. We all can find some way to improve the world and decrease pollution. The problems with air pollution seem to be one of the largest most discussed situations. The Natural Resource Defense Council (NRDC) air pollution is the release of pollutants into the air that is damaging human health and world. There are many forms of air pollution and smog and soot are two of them. These two are discussed more when dissecting this problem due to them being the most common forms of air position, which are also the most detrimental of them all. When the sunlight and emissions from fossil fuels interact that is how smog is created. The creation of soot formed from smoke, dust, allergens and other particles are spread throughout the air in gas or solid form. Methane is also a huge component of the Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 20. Environmental Science Essay Environmental Fundamentals Laura Jackson Env/100 April 8, 2013 JOHN ENSWORTH Environmental Fundamentals Introduction Environmental science is defined as the study of the environment and the interconnecting systems it contains, furthermore, the way people interact with their natural surroundings and use natural resources (wise geek, 2013). Scientist in this field is highly interdisciplinary and extremely diverse, for example, a scientist might study volcanoes or climate change. This essay will cover the following; the definition of environmental science, the relationship between science and technology and how it affects environmental problems; the concept of environmental sustainability and why it should be studied; how human...show more content... Environmental Sustainability Environmental sustainability is the process of making sure current processes of interaction with the environment are pursued with the idea of keeping the environment as pristine as naturally possible based on ideal–seeking behavior (Wikipedia, 2010). What makes environmental sustainability so important is that it demands that society designs activities to meet human needs while indefinitely preserving the life support systems of the planet (Wikipedia, 2010). Human consumption can only use the nature's resources at a rate that can be replenished naturally. Human Values affecting Society The most devastating environmental change of all is the loss of biodiversity. The rate of species extinction has remained at one species per million per year, furthermore, the accelerating destruction of habitats throughout the world leads to projections of the loss of two–thirds of all species on earth by the end of this century, and millions of years to recover from the Cretaceous period (mindfully.org, 2013). As individuals, we obtain our food, directly or indirectly from plants, for example, plant our primary use of medicines. Biodiversity also determines the properties of communities and ecosystems, which capture energy from the sun. The world is less resilient, more homogeneous, less interesting, and with fewer opportunities for our descendants and ourselves: where the process reaches Get more content on HelpWriting.net