its a ppt useful for public as well as healthcare workers on life style disorders

2. DEFINITION
 Non communicable from person to person.
 Long lasting and progress slowly
 Nowadays it’s a major problem all over the
world.
 Cause 41 million deaths per year - 80% of all
deaths.
 Cause considerable disability.
 By 2030 ,Deaths due to NCD’s will increase
by 52 million per year.
 Now becoming more common among
younger age groups
Why is it
important?

3. TYPES:- 4 MAIN TYPES
1) Cardio vascular diseases- Heart attacks
,Hypertension and Stroke.
2) Cancer.
3) Chronic respiratory diseases-COPD , Asthma
4) Diabetes
OTHERS : Mental Health Disorders, Chronic Kidney
Diseases, Musculo skeletal disorders, Obesity etc.

4. RISK FACTORS-
N O N M O D I F I A B L E
1) AGE
2) SEX
3) GENETIC MAKE UP
M O D I F I A B L E
1) SMOKING
2) PHYSICAL
INACTIVITY
3) UNHEALTHY DIET
4) HARMFUL USE OF
ALCOHOL
FOCUS ON REDUCING THE MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS

5. SMOKING CESSATION
SMOKERS- STRONGLY
ENCOURAGE TO QUIT SMOKING BY
OTHERS
COUNSELING ON TOBACCO
CESSATION –Ask, Advise, Asess,
Assist, Arrange

6. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
 Regular exercise --To promote weight control or weight loss
 Outdoor activities --cycling , Gardening
 Yoga and Meditation

7. DIET
 Increase intake of green leafy vegetables and fresh fruits.
 Less salt and sugar.
 Steamed and boiled food prefered over fried food
 Avoid junk food and aerated drinks
 Use mixture of oils
 Avoid alcohol

8. WEIGHT CONTROL
 Lose weight by low calorie diet and dynamic physical activity
 Obesity asessed by measuring BODY MASS INDEX
BODY MASS INDEX.
Weight in kg/height in m2
Normal- 18.5 – 22.9
Over weight - > or = 23
Obese - > 25

9. DIABETES
Body does not produce or properly
use hormone insulin.
Abnormally elevated levels of
glucose in blood.
FBS > or = 126.
PPBS > 200.
HbA1C should be less than 7

10. SYMPTOMS
 Excess thirst, hunger, urination.
 Loss of weight.
 Non-healing wounds.
 Fatigue.

11. MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES.
1) Lifestyle management- diet and physical activity.
2) Pharmacological – drugs/insulin.
Foot care in diabetes
1) Inspect daily for cracks , blisters, infections and
injuries.
2) Cleanse daily with warm water and mild soap.
3) Moisturize dry skin using oil.
4) Clip toe nails straight across using nail cutter.
5) Always wear socks , slippers/shoes to avoid
injuries.

12. EYE CARE IN DIABETES.
Fundus of all diabetic patient need to be checked
at least once a year .
Hypertension
Abnormally elevated BP which increase the work
load on the heart .
Upto 140/90 is normal.
Therapeutic lifestyle management and drug
therapy.
Dyslipidemia
Elevation of plasma cholesterol, TG’s or a low HDL-
Atherosclerosis.

13. CAD
Symptoms- Chest pain, weakness, sweating,
anxiety, sudden onset of giddiness and
breathlessness
STROKE
Part of the brain suddenly damaged due to
thrombus in arteries to brain.
Prevention- Control high BP and diabetes, avoid
tobacco use, healthy lifestyle, stop smoking,
low salt, low fat diet .

14. CANCER
 Un-controlled cell multiplication in any living
tissue in any site in human bodies.
 More than 12% of all deaths in world due to
cancer.
 Early detection and treatment is very important.
Prevention- 1)Tobacco control.
2) Avoid alcohol use.
3) Healthy diet.
4)Physical activity and avoidance of
obesity.

15. COMMON CANCERS
1) CA oral cavity- Both preventable and
curable.
o Tobacco chewing is the single most
important risk factor for oral cancer
o Early detection is important .
2) CA cervix- 3rd most common cancer
among women in the world.
o Human papilloma virus infection is the
primary cause

16. SYMPTOMS OF CA CERVIX
 Post-menopausal bleeding, post coital
bleeding ,inter-menstrual bleeding
 Blood stained discharge per vagina
 Back ache
 Lower abdomen pain
SCREENING- In women above 30 yrs using
pap smear cytology

17. CA BREAST
 Commonest cancer among women all
over the world
 Risk factors—Early menstruation ,late
menopause ,nulliparous women ,post-
menopausal hormonal therapy, family
history, physical inactivity , alcohol
intake
Prompt diagnosis in early stage by self
breast examination is very important