Disadvantages Of Derivative Contracts

Disadvantages Of Derivative Contracts
DERIVATIVE is a transaction or contract whose value depends on or, as the name implies, derives from the value of underlying assets such as
stock, bonds, mortgages, market indices, or foreign currencies. One party with exposure to unwanted risk can pass some or all of the risk to a
second party. The first party can assume a different risk from a second party, pay the second party to assume the risk, or, as is often the case, create a
combination. Derivatives are normally used to control exposure or risk.
DERIVATIVECONTRACT is, generally, a financial contract the value of which is derived from the values of one or more underlying assets,
reference rates, or indices of asset values, or credit–related events. Derivative contracts include interest rate, foreign exchange rate, equity, precious
metals, commodity, and credit contracts, and any other instruments that pose similar risks. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Put and call options are ubiquitous in modern investment agreements, such as those involving joint ventures as well as private equity and venture
capital investments. The enforceability of put and call options in Indian companies has been the subject matter of debate due to the existence of
stringent securities legislation that has been supported by strict judicial interpretation. Moreover, pronouncements by India's securities regulator, the
Securities and Exchange Board of India, have expressly disallowed options in securities of Indian companies (except private
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Infosys Essay
Define the issues Infosys is facing. 1. Productivity Infosys' productivity seems to be competitive compared to U.S. companies on a productivity
measurement based on operating profit. Nevertheless, the company performs far behind when looking at revenue per employee. This phenomenon
occurs to the whole country, causing the wage differential between India and the United States to be quite significant. [pic] [pic] The solution for
Infosys' performance improvement is to move up the "value chain" of software development in order to remain competitive on a global basis. Refer to
Exhibit 6, the company plans to move up from software development to project management with higher margin. To implement this strategy... Show
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Furthermore, the company provides loan with lower interest rate than the market. The loan is flexible because it allows employees to pay more if his
/her salary increases. It is also a function of level and salary, meaning that the ability to borrow reflects ones' ability to return the loan. Because of this
particular system, the attrition rate of housing loan program is well below the overall level of 11%. c) Emotional value–added Corporate culture is the
most contributing reason for one to stay with Infosys. Friendship, openness and transparency of the company are important in attracting and retaining
its people. Secondly, Infosys is excellent in terms of transparency. The company has established high standard in its reporting and disclosure policies.
This is guaranteed by numerous awards in India and throughout Asia. Thirdly, Infosys are different by its achievements. According to Exhibit 9, the
degree of market leadership of Infosys can be clarified as below. 1. Infosys is the first Indian company to file a 10K and the first to perform a full audit
according to U.S. GAAP. There has been very little transparency in traditional Indian businesses. 2. The first major Indian software company to obtain
immediate certification to ISO 9001, an international software quality standard. 3. The first to conceptualize, articulate, and implement the 240hour
productive day and the Offshore Software

A Study on Risk and Return Analysis of Selected Nifty...
"A STUDY ON RISK AND RETURN ANALYSIS OF SELECTED NIFTY COMPANIES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO geojit cochin" A Project
Report Submitted to the UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT, KOZHIKODE In Partial Fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the Degree of
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Submitted By NICY. V.P (Reg. No: NCAJMBA026 ) Under the Guidance of MR. R. SARAVANAN,
MBA, M hil School Of Management NEHRU COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND RESEARCH CENTRE Pampady, Thiruvilwamala, Thrissur–680
597 COMPANY CERTIFICATE School Of Management NEHRU COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND RESEARCH CENTRE Pampady,
Thiruvilwamala, Thrissur–680 597 DECLARATION I, NICY.V.P hereby declare that the project report
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| Title| Page No.| 3.1| Chart showing The systematic risk of selected 10 Companies| | 3.2| Chart showing the Monthly Return of Bharti airtel| | 3.3| Chart
showing the Monthly Return of Reliance Industires| | 3.4| Chart showing the Monthly Return of Tata Consultancy Services| | 3.5| Chart showing the
Monthly Return of Steel Authority of India| | 3.6| Chart showing the Monthly Return of Infosys| | 3.7| Chart showing the Monthly Return of State Bank
of India| | 3.8| Chart showing the Monthly Return of Tata Steel| | 3.9| Chart showing the Monthly Return of Oil and Natural Gas Corporation| | 3.10|
Chart showing the Monthly Return of Reliance Communications| | 3.11| Chart showing the comparison between Risk and Returns of 10 Companies| |
3.12| Chart showing the Abnormal Returns| | ABSTRACT Risk and return analysis is an important aspect of business recovery planning. In the current
Scenario, there is a high degree of fluctuation in every sector. So in order to protect the interest and faith of customers risk and return analysis is
essential. The

The Indian Stock Broking Industry
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The purpose of the report is to primarily analyze the Indian stock broking industry and the various forces which affect the competitive position of firms
within the industry. A three–phase analysis is carried out in which the first phase involves detailed research about the history of stock markets in India,
the evolution of capital markets over the years during pre–independence era and later stages after independence. Important historical events which had
a significant effect on the capital market industry as a whole were analyzed. A comprehensive study on macroeconomic policies which were brought
about by the then Indian government in 1991 and their impact on the stock market and stock broking industry is carried out to ... Show more content on
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INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
The stock market in India is one of the efficient and dynamic markets for securities in Asia. Shares trading market started growing in India from 19th
century when a bunch of stock brokers in Bombay formed Native Share and Stockbrokers Association in 1875. This association played a key role in
devising the codes of conduct in stock broking industry and helped in mobilizing capital for investment in various corporate companies. It was later
known as Bombay Stock Exchange, the oldest stock exchange of Asia. BSE National Index was launched by January 1989 and consisted of 100 stocks
listed at 5 major exchanges in India. After liberalization of Indian economy, stock brokerage has become the center point of all activities related to
investment driven by increasing globalization. SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India), the body which regulates the activities in capital
markets across the country brought in various reforms to ensure greater transparency in securities trading and investment in India. With the backdrop of
these reforms, Indian stock markets have undergone tremendous improvements over the last two decades. Stock broking industry has grown as one of
the most sought and vibrant industries in India. As per IRCA, the

Ibjectages And Disadvantages Of Dematerialization
Advantages of Dematerialisation
1. It is a safe and convenient way to hold securities.
2. It ensures immediate transfer of securities.
3. There is no stamp duty on transfer of securities.
4. Risks associated with physical certificates such as bad delivery, fake securities, delays, thefts, etc. are eliminated.
5. There is a major reduction in paperwork involved in transfer of securities, and reduction in transaction cost, etc.
6. No odd lot problem exists; even one share can be sold.
Annexure A1
Name of the companies
Group 1
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL)
BSES Limited (BSES)
Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation Limited (ICICI)
Infosys Limited
Larsen & Tourbo (L&T)
State bank of India (SBI)
Wipro Limited
Group 2
Associate ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The enactment of Depositories Act in August 1996 paved the way for establishment of National Securities Depository Limited (NSDL), the first
depository in India. It went on to establish infrastructure based on international standards that handles most of the securities held and settled in
de–materialised form in the Indian capital markets.

In the depository system, securities are held in depository accounts, which are similar to holding funds in bank accounts. Transfer of ownership of
securities is done through simple account transfers. This method does away with all the risks and hassles normally associated with paperwork.
Consequently, the cost of transacting in a depository environment is considerably lower as compared to transacting in certificates. In August 2009,
number of Demat accounts held with NSDL crossed one crore.
NSDL is promoted by Industrial Development Bank of India Limited (IDBI) – the largest development bank of India, Unit Trust of India (now,
Administrator of the Specified Undertaking of the Unit Trust of India) and National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE) – the largest stock
exchange in India.[6] Some of the prominent banks in the country have taken a stake in

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Stock Shares
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION Introduction
A stock split is a corporate action in which a company divides its existing shares into multiple shares. The number of shares outstanding increases by a
specific amount, and the total value of the shares remains the same compared to the pre–split amount, because the split does not add any real value to
the amount of the shares. Splitting shares enables many retail investors to invest and take advantage of low prices. This might also increase the
demand of the share and hence prices too.
Stock splits in India have grown tremendously from the beginning of 21st century due to big upward move in Indian stock markets. Maximising
shareholder's wealth has been a driving force for all corporate action because of which many of the companies have found it appropriate to go ... Show
The more outstanding shares, the higher the liquidity and the easier it is for retail investors to buy a board lot. Besides, as the share price becomes
cheaper, stock split may cause a surge of new buyers and led to higher trading volume which mentioned earlier.
The disadvantages for a split is can increases investor anticipation about the company's performance. If this anticipation is not achieved, there is a
bounce back effect and the investor's might lose confidence which may result to falling in share prices.
BSE SENSEX
The S&P BSE SENSEX (S&P Bombay Stock Exchange Sensitive Index), is a free–float market–weighted stock market index of 30 well–established
and financially sound companies listed on Bombay Stock Exchange. The 30 component companies which are some of the largest and most actively
traded stocks, are representative of various industrial sectors of the Indian economy. The S&P BSE SENSEX is regarded as the pulse of the domestic
stock markets in India. The base value of the S&P BSE SENSEX is taken as 100 on 1 April 1979, and its base year as

A Study On Stock Market Return, Volatility And Correlation...
A STUDY ON STOCK MARKET RETURN, VOLATILITY AND CORRELATION ANALYSIS AMONG INDIAN & ASIAN STOCK MARKETS
Dr.M.Sumathy1
Associate professor,
Department of commerce,
Bharathiar University, Coimbatore–46,
Tamil Nadu,India.
B.Ramya2
M.Phil Research Scholar, Department of Commerce,
Bharathiar University, Coimbatore–641046,
Tamil Nadu, India. bramyaca@gmail.com ABSTRACT Thestock market is witnessing keen activities and is gradually more gaining Importance. Post
the1997 East Asian disaster which had caused significant reduction in asset prices and stock markets in quite a small number of Asian countries, these
economies bang back. These economies maintained high interest rates thereby creation them attractive to foreign investors. As a result these economies
customary a large inflow of funds and experienced a theatrical run–up in asset prices. As a part of market amalgamation, the capital market of India is
no longer cut off from international economic measures and their stock index travels. This paper finds the correlation of Indian Stock market with four
other major Asian economies: Japan, Singapore, Hong Kong and Korea. A weak correlation concludes that the Indian stock markets propose
diversification benefits to institutional and international investors. The paper finds non routine feature in the stock return allotment of the five
economies of Asia including India. The Indian markets showed facial exterior of platykurtic distribution, the volatility of

Trading & Settlement Process
UNDERSTANDING THE TRADING AND SETTLEMENT PROCESS AND OTHER DOCUMENTORY REQUIREMENTS AT BROKERS'
OFFICE TO OPEN THE TRADING ACCOUNT
Understanding Trading and Settlement of Equities
Stock market is a trading platform which provides an opportunity to buyers and sellers of securities to do transactions. As of now there are 23
recognised stock exchanges in India and 24th is likely to get functional soon. However the majority of transactions in securities happen only on the
National Stock Exchange. The Bombay stock Exchange is the second largest contributor in the overall pie of total transactions. However it 's
contribution is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Trading of securities happen on the first day while settlement of the same happens two days after. This means that a security bought on Monday
will be received by the client earliest on Wednesday which is called pay out day by the exchange. However there is provision which allows a
broker to transfer securities till 24 hours after pay out receipt. Hence the broker may transfer shares latest by Thursday for a security bought on
Monday. Any transfer after Thursday would invite penalty for the broker. If a person has bought security then he is supposed to pay money to the
broker before pay in deadline which is two days after trading day but the second day is considered till 10:30 a.m. Only.Hence the client must pay
money to the broker before 10:30 a.m. On T+2 day.
Settlement of securities is done by the clearing corporation of the exchange. Settlement of funds is done by a panel of banks registered with the
exchange. Clearing corporation identifies payable/ receivable position of brokers based on which obligation report for brokers are created. On T+2
days all the brokers who has transacted two days before receive shares or give shares to the clearing corporation of exchange. This all is done through
automated set up Depository which involves NSDL and CDSL.
One of the most noticeable achievements of Indian securities market have been reduction in the settlement cycle which has brought it at par with

Importance Of Depository Receipt Is A Negotiable...
INTRODUCTION
The past few decades have witnessed the increased internationalization of various firms through cross– listings on international exchanges. This has
been facilitated by market liberalisation, which has led to greater integration of global securities markets. Cross–border listing has become one of the
avenues for the integration of global securities markets.
There are two forms of cross–border listing, namely, direct listing and indirect listing. Direct listing implies that the firm concerned offers ordinary
shares to the public. Indirect listing on exchanges is through Depository Receipts (DRs). Depository receipt is a negotiable certificate issued by a bank
in a domestic country that represent ownership of shares in companies of other countries. Cross listing, particularly through DRs such as American
Depositary Receipts (ADRs) or Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs), is a popular way of internationalisation among firms from emerging economies. In
addition to Europe and America, International firms are allowed to cross list in other countries through the DR programme.
There could be several reasons for a domestic company to cross–list, such as an expanding investor base, the desire to improve stock liquidity through
its highly liquid secondary market, the increasing visibility of the company, a growing customer base, and the wish to take advantage of higher
valuations. From the perspective of investors, cross listing mitigates some

The Correlation Of Indian Stock Market
Abstract
The stock market is witnessing keen activities and is gradually more gaining Importance. Post the1997 East Asian disaster which had caused significant
reduction in asset prices and stock markets in quite a a small number of Asian countries, these economies bang back. These economies maintained high
interest rates thereby creation them attractive to foreign investors. As a result these economies customary a large inflow of funds and experienced a
theatrical run–up in asset prices. As a part of market amalgamation, the capital market of India is no longer cut off from international economic
measures and their stock index travels. This paper finds the correlation of Indian Stock market with five other major Asian economies: Japan, ... Show
The Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) is one of the oldest exchanges crossways the world, while the National Stock Exchange (NSE) is among the best
in terms of complexity and advancement of technology. The Indian stock market scene really picked up after the opening up of the economy in the
early nineties. The whole of nineties were used to experiment and fine tune an efficient and effective system. The 'badla' system was stopped to control
unnecessary volatility while the derivatives segment started as late as 2000. The corporate governance rules were gradually put in place which
initiated the process of bringing the listed companies at a uniform level. This opening up of the system led to increased integration with heightened
cross–border flow of capital, with India emerging as an investment 'hot spot' resulting in our stock exchanges being impacted by global cues like never
before. The study pertains to comparative analysis of the Indian Stock Market with respect to various asian counterparts. Exchanges are now crossing
national boundaries to extend their service areas and this has led to cross–border integration. Also, exchanges have begun to offer cross–border trading
to facilitate overseas investment options for investors. This not only increased the appeal of the exchange for investors but also attracts more volume.
Exchanges regularly solicit companies outside their home territory and encourage them to list on their

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Online Trading
In 1996, the Indian parliament passed the Derivatives act, which allowed online transaction of shares, thus making it much easier for all stakeholders to
perform their task. Online trading, in simple terms, can be understood as buying and selling securities through the internet. Such trading commonly
necessitates an online trading platform offered for order initiation and completion. This trading platform provides the investor with all the trading
information necessary to make informed investment decision at any point of time. Securities trading can be done with a click of a few buttons and the
investor has access to live market watch functionalities and intraday research dashboard with quick login.
Mentioned below are some of the advantages of trading ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some of these are enumerated as follows –
Less or no familiarity with brokerage software causes costly mistakes.
Investors may get carried away while going with the flow during technology based trading and perhaps momentarily overlook that the trade is based on
actual money.
Advice and mentoring from a professional broker is absent in online trading which may leave the investor to fend for himself and make own investment
decisions. A)BOLT
The Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) moved on from the open outcry trading system to a fully automated computerized mode of trading known as the
BSE Online Trading (BOLT) system. This system commissioned on March 14, 1995 and soon it was introduced for all the securities listed on the
BSE. It initially commenced operations with the screen based trading swapped to direct online access facility in September 1997. During the
preliminary stages, BOLT was accessible to brokers based out of Mumbai. Currently, the facility is accessible country–wide and

Analyzing Stock Exchange Market On Wall Street Work
Mostly everyone in today's world has heard something about stocks. However, not a lot of people know what stocks are exactly, and what it is that
they do. Many movies, such as Wolf of Wall Street, and Big Short, have been made to illustrate stock exchange market and give us a better picture on
how that crazy lifestyle on Wall Street work. There are still many questions circling around that focus on how stocks are governed, and how they are
regulated. To get a full understanding on just howstock exchange works, we will take it back to its origins, and slowly build our way up to getting a
true understanding of their function. Stock is a term used to symbolize an investor 's ownership in a company. Those who own stocks are commonly
called stockholders or shareholders. As a shareholder, an investor theoretically owns a percentage of everything the company owns or owes. The
company 's profitability, or lack thereof, determines whether its stock is traded at a higher or lower price. While trading of debt and commodities has
its origins in the Middle Ages, the modern concept of a stock market began in the late 16th century. Stock markets were started when countries in the
New World began trading with each other. While many pioneer merchants wanted to start huge businesses, this required substantial amounts of capital
that no single merchant could raise alone. As a result, groups of investors pooled their savings and became business partners and co–owners with
individual

Project Report On Performance Of Banking Sector
PROJECT REPORT ON PERFORMANCE OF BANKING SECTOR IN BSE SENSEX
Introduction
STOCK EXCHANGE
The Securities Contract (Regulation) Act, 1956 [SCRA] defines 'Stock Exchange' as any body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, constituted
for the purpose of assisting, regulating or controlling the business of buying, selling or dealing in securities. Stock exchange could be a regional stock
exchange whose area of operation is specified at the time of its recognition or national exchanges, which are permitted to have nationwide trading since
inception.
Stock Exchange is that place where trading of shares is done in terms of sale and purchase.
Features of Stock Exchange
Stock Exchange is a place where securities issued by government, companies and other authorities are purchased and sold.
Its purpose is to assist and regulate buying and selling in securities.
Its area of operation or geographical jurisdiction is well defined
It operates as per guidelines of Securities & Exchange Board OF India (SEBI)
INDIAN STOCK MARKET
India Stock Market is one of the oldest in Asia. The earliest records of securities dealings in India are meagre and obscure. The East India Company
was the dominant institution in those days and business in its loan securities used to be transacted.
In 1875 India's first stock exchange was established as Bombay Stock Exchange which is the oldest stock exchange in Asia with rich heritage.
Formally Bombay Stock Exchange was established as "The

Principle Of Separation Of Responsibility
пѓјFixation of Responsibility: Via departmentation, responsibilities of the work can be precisely and as it should be constant. The authority and
responsibility of every department is defined precisely. пѓјDevelopment of Management The managers of every department carry out specialized
features. They take unbiased choices and increase themselves for better role. Departmentation enables the improvement of managerial employees
through imparting them opportunities for workout initiatives. пѓјFacility in Appraisal: For the reason that managers carry out unique jobs, their overall
performance appraisal will become less complicated. Departmentation facilitates administrative control as standard of overall performance are laid
down one after the other for every branch. пѓјBudget Preparation: It makes the education of budget for departments less complicated as well as for the
organization as a... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Principle of Departmentation: 1.Principle of attainment of organizational objectives: It implies that departments are designed or created to provide all
the facilities to achieve organizational objectives in an effective and efficient manner. 2.Principle of comprehensive departmentation: it implies that the
entire functions of the enterprise are to be covered while creating the departments. 3.Principle of inter–departmental co–operation: it implies that
departments should be designed in such a way that maximum inter departmental co–operation is possible. 4.Principle of promotion of specialization: it
should help in enhancing both managerial and operational specialization so that organizational efficiency can be achieved. 5.Principles of cost benefit
analysis: it should be designed and developed in a manner to get the maximum benefit with minimum possible

The Economic Development Of The Financial System Essay
INTRODUCTION
The economic development of most of the countries depends upon the efficiency of a well organized financial system. It is the financial system which
is supply the necessary inputs for the production of goods and services in turn promotes increases the well being and standard of living of the people of
a country. Thus, the financial system is a broader in term under its fold the major assets traded in they in the financial system are money and monetary
assets. The major responsibility of the financial system is to mobilize the savings in the form of money and monetary assets and invest them productive
ventures. An efficient functioning of the financial system facilitates the free flow of funds to promote productive activities and thus promote
investment. The financial system promotes the intermediation between the small savers and investors and promotes faster economic development
FINANCIAL MARKETS
Generally speaking there is no specific place or location to indicate a financial markets, wherever a financial transaction takes place it is deemed to
have taken place in the financial market, financial market are widespread in nature since financial transaction are themselves pervasive throughout the
economic system. For instance, issue of equity shares, granting of loans by lending institutions, deposit of money into a bank, purchase of debentures,
sale of shares so on.
Financial markets can be referred to as centers, which can be made arrangement for buying

What Are The Benefits Of A Weak Market Clausibility?
BRM PROJECT Page 1 "DOES FII'S INCREASES STOCK MARKET VOLATILITY" Page 2 "DOES FII'S INCREASES STOCK MARKET
VOLATILITY" Section : A Semester : 2 Batch : 2008
–2010 STUDENT NAMES & ROLL NO: AMRIT RANJAN SAHOO (6) ANUBHAV GARG (9)
ANWAR HUSSAIN (10) KARTIK SHETH (24) PARTH MEHTA (35) POONAM BAKSHI (37) PREETISH SATHEESH (39) ASHISH PUGALIA
(40) RAHUL KHANNA (42) SHIVANI MAHESHWARI (52) VIKASH JAIN (62) Page 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We would like to add a few
heartfelt words for the people who were the part of this project in numerous ways, the people who gave support right from the stage the project idea
was conceived. Needless to say, this project would not have been possible without the blessings of the Almighty, we are
... Show more content on
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By June 2001, over 500 FIIs were registered with SEBI. The total amount of FII investment in India had accumulated to a formidable sum of over
Rs. 50,000 crores during this time. In terms of market capitalization too, the share of FIIs has steadily climbed to about 9% of the total market
capitalization of BSE. Page 7 Sources of FII in India: The sources of these FII flows are varied. The FIIs registered with SEBI come from as many as
28 countries (including money management companies operating in India on behalf of foreign investors). US–based institutions accounted for slightly
over 41%, those from the UK constitute about 20% with other Western European countries hosting another 17% of the FIIвЂџs. It is, however,
instructive to bear in mind that these national affiliations do not necessarily mean that the actual investor funds come from these particular countries.
Given the significant financial flows among the industrial countries, national affiliations are very rough indicators of the "home" of the FII
investments. In particular institutions operating from Luxembourg, Cayman Islands or Channel Islands or even those based at Singapore or Hong
Kong are likely to be investing funds largely on behalf of residents in other countries. Nevertheless, the regional breakdown of the FIIs does provide
an idea of the relative importance of different regions of the world in the FII flows. Page 8 Page 9 Where can the investments be made? Foreign
corporate

India Business Quiz
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– India Business Quiz : Questions with Answers 1. "We have learned that if we provide
people with an occasion & an excuse to shop, they will come" are the Golden words of whom? Ans: Kishore Bayani (The Chairman of Future
Group) 2. What is the Title of Auto Biography of JRD TATA? Ans: Beyond the Last Blue Mountain 3. What is the Title of Auto Biography of
Krishna Kumar Birla? Ans: Brushes with History 4. "It happened in India" is the Auto Biography of whom? Ans: Kishore Bayani (The Chairman of
Future Group) 5. "The End of Ecconomic Man" is the famous book written by whom? Ans: Peter F Drucker 6. "Imagining India" recently published
book authored by? Ans: Nandan M Neelakeni 7.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
IMF stands for International Machinery Fund International Monetary Fund Indian Machinery Fund Indian Monetary Fund3. SEC means.. Securities
& Exchange Commission Stock Exchange Commission Script Exchange Commission Special Exchange Commission4. NSE stands for National
Stock Exchange National Script Exchange Network of Stock Exchange Non Stock Exchange5. NYSE is is acronym for New York Stock Exchange
New York Scripts Exchange New York Special Exchange National York Securities Exchange6. NSDL stands for Network of Securities Depository
Limited Network of Stocks Directory Listing National Stock Directory Limited National Securities Depository Limited7. ADR stands for All
Depositary Receipt Asian Depositary Receipt African Depositary Receipt American Depositary Receipts8. In the context of Mutual Funds, SIP stands
for.. Systematic Investment Plan Scheduled Interest Plan Specific Insurance Plan Special Income Plan9. In the context of Mutual Funds, ELSS means
Endowment Linked Savings Scheme Equity Linked Savings Scheme Established Line Savings Scheme Entrepreneur Line Savings Scheme10. AMFI
stands for Association of Mutual Funds in India Arbitrated Mutual Funds India Arbitrated Monetary Funds India Associated Mega Finance of India| 1.
Financial Statements are reports on

Case Study Of Tata Consultancy Services
The Company I carried my research on is Tata Consultancy Services limited located in India. Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) is a global leader in IT
services , digital and business solutions that partners with its clients to simplify , strengthen and transform their businesses. Furthermore, they ensure
the highest levels of certainty and satisfaction to their clients through a deeper –set commitment , comprehensive industry expertise and a global
network of innovation and delivering centers. Furthermore, Tata Consultancy Services has been recognized by Brand Finance as one of the big 4 Global
IT Services Brands.
Some couple of years ago, Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) was listed on the stock exchanges. But then it was not a force to... Show more content on
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Coleman (2016). Aug 25, Tata Company Services Completes a decade of Wealth Creation. Retrieved from

Stock Market and Great Lakes
Comparative Analysis of Indian Stock Market with International Markets
Debjiban Mukherjee T. A. Pai Management Institute, Manipal, India
Abstract The stock market is witnessing heightened activities and is increasingly gaining importance. In the current context of globalization and the
subsequent integration of the global markets this paper captures the trends, similarities and patterns in the activities and movements of the Indian Stock
Market in comparison to its international counterparts. This study covers New YorkStock Exchange (NYSE), Hong Kong Stock exchange (HSE),
Tokyo Stock exchange (TSE), Russian Stock exchange (RSE), Korean Stock exchange (KSE) from various sociopolitico–economic backgrounds. Both
the Bombay Stock exchange ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Also called the "Big Board", it is the largest stock exchange in the world in terms of dollar volume and second largest in terms of number of
companies listed. The Tokyo stock exchange was established on May 15, 1878 and trading began on June 1, 1878. In 1943, the exchange was
combined with ten other stock exchanges in major Japanese cities to form a single Japanese Stock Exchange. It is the second largest stock exchange
market in terms of monetary volume and currently has 2302 listed companies. The Hong Kong stock exchange is the 8th largest stock exchange in the
world in terms of Market capitalization. The Hang Sang Index (HIS), was started on November 24, 1969. The Russian stock exchange was established
in 1995 by consolidating the separate regional stock exchanges into one uniformly regulated trading floor. The Korea stock exchange was created by
the integration of the three existing of the Korean Spots and Futures exchanges (Korean stock exchange, Korean futures exchange & KOSDAQ) under
the Korea Stock and Futures Exchange Act.3.5. In this paper, the names of the countries and the names of the indices of those countries have been used
interchangeably. Thus, the names of the countries represent the indices for the

Risk and Return Analysis
1.1 INTRODUCTION Every investment is characterised by return and risk. The concept of risk is intuitively understood by investors. In general, it
refers to the possibility of incurring a loss in a financial transaction. But risk involves much more than that. The word 'risk' has a definite financial
meaning. The possibility of variation of the actual return from the expected return is termed risk. Corporate securities and government securities
constitute important investment avenues for investors. These are traded in the securities market. The securities market is one of the most important
sectors in the financial system of our country. And also contributes much for the economic development. So... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In India 99.9% of the trades, according to National Securities Depository, are settled in dematerialized form. With the sweeping economic changes
witnessed globally towards more market oriented economies, the government of India too has adopted radical economic policy measures to revitalise
its economy. The Indian capital markets, which have attained a remarkably high degree of growth in the last decade, are on the brink for a further leap
forward over the next ten years. With the opening of the economy to multinationals and the adoption of more liberal economic policies, the economy is
driven more towards the free market economy. 1.2.1 SECURITY MARKET Security markets are markets that deals in financial assets or instruments.
These instruments are issued by business organisations, corporate units and central and state governments. They issue securities to mobilise financial
resources for making investment and to meet current expenditure. As per the provisions of the Indian Companies Act both private and public
companies can be incorporated. The private companies cannot transfer their shares freely and hence cannot offer their shares and securities to the
public for trade. However all public companies are allowed to raise finance from the public through issue of their securities. A security is an instrument
of

The Impact Of Net Investments By Fiis And Return On Bse Index
The Indian stock market is the vast and enormous marketplace for the institutional investors. The investment made by Foreign institutional investors
paves a way for the growth and development of Indian stock market. The Indian stock market attains its new peak position by Foreign Institutional
Investors. Hence this make the researcher to investigates the relationship between net investments by FIIs and return on BSE Index for the period from
1st Jan 2010 to 31st July, 2014 using monthly data. The results shows that there is a significant positive correlations between FIIs and return on BSE
Index during the study period.
Keywords: Net Investment blty FIIs, Return on BSE Index, correlation and Autoregression
INTRODUCTION
In ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Foreign investment means investments made by the residents of a country in any financial assets or production process in another country. FII is an
organization which pool large sums of money from investors and invest in securities, investment trust, pension funds and mutual funds etc. In this
globalized economy the amount of capital is invested in the developed country and these investments are bought to developing economies by the way
of foreign institutional investors (FIIs).
BSE SENSEX
Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) is the one of the oldest stock exchange in the world and it has a large number of listed companies in a screen – based
trading system. The S&P BSE SENSEX is the India's most widely used bench mark index in the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). The BSE SENSEX is
a sensitive Index and it is also called as SENSEX or BSE 30. The top 30 companies which are well established and financially sound companies are
listed in the BSE SENSEX. It is calculated on the basis of free float capitalization method.
BSE 100
[
BSE 100 is also one of the main bench mark index in the Bombay Stock Exchange. In BSE 100 top 100 companies which are financially sound are
listed in Bombay Stock Exchange. BSE 100 previously known as BSE National index and it is introduced in the year 1989. In BSE 100 the base year
is 1983– 84 and base index value at 100 points. BSE 100 become

Analysis Of Corporate Governance Disclosure Practices Of...
Research Problem Ever since India opened up its economy to privatization, liberalization and globalization there has been rapid institutionalization of
the corporate sector and private enterprise. This has quickened the pace of economic growth since 1992. In this changed scenario, the quality of
Corporate Disclosures has been an important factor not only for survival of the companies but also for influencing the company's ability to raise money
from capital market. In recent times, corporate governance has attracted much attention both in academic literature and press media. Corporate
Governance is related to effective, transparent and accountable administration of affairs of an institution by its management, while protecting the
interest of its stakeholders comprising of the shareholders, creditors, regulators and the public at large. But the implementation of Corporate
Governance principles is not an easy task. It is a very wide subject and needs a lot of discussion. The purpose of this study is to analysis corporate
governance disclosures practices of listed Companies. As a medium for communicating information, annual reports generally include two types of
disclosures – mandatory and voluntary disclosures. In India, mandatory disclosures are required as per the provisions of Companies Act
2013(previously according to CA, 1956), and its various sister laws. Voluntary disclosures are those which are voluntarily disclosed by companies
without any compulsion from any law.

Case Study : Global Financial Services Ltd Essay
CHAPTER I PROFILE OF THE COMPANY About the Organization: Emkay Global Financial Services Ltd was established on January 25, 1995
with the aim of ensuring success of its clients, employees, partners, investors and society at large. The company provides solutions and services for
the financial needs of the customers. Working towards its mission and vision and trying to make every person's life successful, it has been declared
as the best analyst of the year by India's Institutional Awards (2014). Over a period of 20 years the numbers themselves speak for its success. It has
grown its customer base to more than 100000 High Net worth Individuals (HNIs), Corporate, and NRIs & Retail clients. The company provides a
variety of services to its customer's right from managing their portfolio to giving investment advices to commodity trading and insurance as well as
equity trading. Business area of the company:– Equity and derivatives broking (retail and institutional) Equity research Corporate advisory Depository
services Wealth management and portfolio management services. Insurance broking Investment banking Commodities research and broking E–broking
Mutual fund distribution IPO's Emkay Fin cap Limited (EFL), a 100 per cent subsidiary of EMKAY, is a RBI registered Non Deposit taking NBFC.
The firm was incorporated on May 16, 2005 for carrying out share financing activities. The company went public on February 14, 2006. Emkay
Commotrade Limited (ECL),

Indian Oil Industry Is The Backbone Of A Modern Economy
The oil refining industry is the backbone of a modern economy (Senevirante, 2006). Refined petroleum product remain fundamental to our economic
life – in everybody's daily life and economic activities of a nation (Wauquier and Favennec, 2001) ranging from domestic cooking to transportation,
employment, etc. In terms of the refining capacity India ranks eighth in the world (U.S. EIA 2009). The private sector owns about 38% of total
capacity while the public sector owns the rest. End of 2013, India has 4.35 million bbl/day of refining capacity, making it the second largest refiner
in Asia after china. There are projections that there would be an increase in the refining capacity to 6.3 million bbl/day by the year 2017. Indian oil
Corporation Limited is the major company which controls most of the refineries in India. In total there are 22 refineries in India. The total refining
capacity of India has increased from 175.9 Million metric tons (MMT) in 2007 to 215.06 Million metric tons (MMT) in the year 2014. Reliance
industries a private owned petroleum company has the largest refining complex in the world and it is located in Gujarat in India. It has a capacity of
1.24 million barrels per day. Based on the current proposed growth and projections India plans to add 1.6 million bbl/day of refining capacity by the
end of 2015. India is steadily emerging as an international destination for oil refining as the investment is less compared to other Asian counterparts.
According to

Key Drivers Of India 's Economic Growth
II.Problem Statement
SMEs (Small and Medium enterprises) are one of the key drivers of India's economic growth. Over the years a large number of small and medium size
companies have grown in the market. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) have been contributing so much towards the GDP of India. With their
emergence and huge potential, the government of India launched regulated trading platforms for the SMEs, which allows them to get listed without
bringing an IPO. The stock exchanges for these enterprises were introduced so that these firms can do better in financing activities for themselves.
Of course, there is an option of adding debt, which also helps improve the overall return on equity, but the cost of raising debt for SMEs is relatively
higher. High interest expense does not look very good on the profit and loss statement of a growing company. Thus, in order to fund the next stage of
growth without excessive interest cost burden, companies look to access equity funds via capital markets. This is where listing on an exchange comes
into the picture. The research would include the implications of the introduction of the BSE and NSE SME stock exchanges how well they are
performing. Also, what is the response from the SME sector.
III.Relevance of the Study
Indian economy is largely dependent on its tertiary sector and the manufacturing sectors are struggling with a meagre share in country's GDP, it is
essential to provide support to the manufacturing sector and thus the

Buy Back and Its Impact
Impact of buyback of shares on EPS An Empirical Analysis Rekha Raheja (Assistant Professor at Hindu College, Sonipat) Abstract: Buy back of
own shares by the companies was prohibited under section 77 of Indian Companies Act 1956. But thereafter, in 1988 Government gave a green
signal to this banned activity, as a result of which Government of India issued an ordinance on 31st October, 1988, allowing purchase of own shares
by the companies. Share buy back led to reduction of share capital, thus expected to increase in earning per share of shareholders. The aim of this
study is to investigate the impact of buy back on earning per... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
| | | | |Alembic |3.38 |2008–09 |8.10 |2.93 |–51.48 | |Angind |5.80 |2008–09 |12.82 |4.03 |–68.56 | |Bosch |2.04 |2008–09 |198 |187 |–5.55 | |DIL Pharma
|9.17 |2005–06 |21.07 |30.57 |+45.09 | |DLF Realty |0.45 |2008– 09 |46.90 |10.11 |–78.44 | |EID Parry |3.51 |2008– 09 |11.71 |45.29 |+286.76 | |FDC
Pharma |2.71 |2008– 09 |3.30 |7.99 |+142.12 | |Gateway Dis |6.81 |2008– 09 |6.40 |7.39 |+15.46 | |Great offshore |2.57 |2008–09 |52.90 |54.07 |+2.21 |
|Gujarat Ambuja

Internship In VTU MBA
Introduction about Internship:
Internship is the integral part of the academic curriculum of VTU MBA. It help the students to learn not only theoretical knowledge but also it is an
exposure them to learn practically in the organization.
Objectives of the Internship:
To provide an opportunity for students to apply theoretical concepts in real life situations at the work place.
To sensitize students to the nuances of corporate culture and familiarize them with the corporate code of behavior.
To enable students to manage resources, work under deadlines, identify and carry out specific goal oriented tasks.
To enable students discover their professional strengths and weaknesses and align them with the changing business environment.
To sharpen domain knowledge and provide cross functional skills.
Topic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Promotes the Habits of Savings and Investment:
The stock market offers attractive opportunities of investment in various securities. These attractive opportunities encourage people to save more and
invest in securities of corporate sector rather than investing in unproductive assets such as gold, silver, etc.
Capital Market
The capital market is a market for financial assets which have a long or indefinite maturity. Generally, it deals with long term securities which have a
period of above one year .In the widest sense, it consists of a series of channels through which the savings of the community made available for
industrial and commercial enterprises and public authorities.
Capital Market consists of:
Primary market and
Secondary market.
Primary Market:
Primary market is market for new issues or new financial claims. Hence it is also called as New Issue Market. It deals with those securities which
are issued to the public for the first time .The market therefore makes available of a new block of securities for public subscription. Example could be

Initial Public Offering (IPO) where a firm offers shares for the first time.
Secondary

Case Study Of Apollo Hospitals
Market Size
The Indian health care market has a current size of US$ 65 billion. Hospital supplies and health care equipment segment ranges between US$ 4.5–5
million. Hospitals, pharmaceuticals, nursing homes and diagnostics centres, that form a part of healthcare delivery, constitute 65 per cent of the total
market.
Of total healthcare revenues in the country, hospitals account for 71 per cent, pharmaceuticals for 13 per cent and medical equipment and supplies for
9 per cent.
As per PWC, The size of average investment by private equity funds has increased from US$ 5–15 million to US$ 20–30 million in healthcare chains.
The Indian medical tourism industry is pegged at US$ 1 billion per annum, growing at around 18 per cent and is expected to touch ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Founded by Dr Prathap C. Reddy in 1983, it has hospitals in India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Ghana, Nigeria, Mauritius, Qatar, Oman and Kuwait.
The Apollo group has developed services in telemedicine that started with a pilot project in 2000 in Pratap Reddy's home village. It is now the
largest telemedicine provider in India with 71 centers. The success of Apollo Hospitals has made it a topic for Harvard Business School case study.
Apollo Hospitals generated a revenue of в‚№31.73 billion (US$490 million) in 2012.
Suneeta Reddy is the Managing Director at Apollo Hospitals.
2.Fortris Hospitals
Fortris Hospitals were founded in 2001 by Malvinder Mohan Singh and Shivinder Mohan Singh. The group is headquartered in Delhi and caters to
populations in India and Singapore. Fortris hospitals generate an annual revenue of в‚№47593.4 million(US$730 million).
Fortis is a world class establishment and a leading name in healthcare. Fortris has hospitals in 11 countries, that cater to health, hygiene and perfect
care. Fortis is one of the leading names in India's healthcare field.
Mr Shivinder Mohan Singh is the managing director at Fortis
3.Max

Indi The Top For Any Mnc Expansion
Introduction
India has always been among the top for any MNC expansion. Being one of the leading economies in the world, India has emerged as the winner
even in the global meltdown of 2008. This has made the country a safe haven for the potential investors in the last couple of decades after the country
opened up for the global world after liberalization in 1991.
Table 1.1 shows various characteristics of the country from various sources. This table will give the reader a background or introduction to key facts of
India.
India has been a popular choice and a major destination point for expansions and the economic outlook is extremely encouraging. Despite past
complications in the economy, the country has improved dramatically. Corporation earnings have increased while unemployment rates are declining.
India's government has been proactive on passing regulations for business. There is however, quite the "black market" in India that they have not been
able to regulate which can possess issues to any new business entering the market.
Economically, India is said to often seem like two different countries. 1)Village India which is supported by the traditional India ways with many
living in poverty and 2) Urban India which is considered one of the most industrialized areas in the world. In terms of infrastructure, India is one of
the fastest growing growing economies. Due to globalization and early innovations, India has become one of the majors providers of IT services. It may

A Comparitive Study of Corporate Governance in India and...
A COMPARITIVE STUDY OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN INDIA AND COMPANIES AROUND THE WORLD SHAKTI
SINGAL–2010A58 DIVYA CHADHA–2010A60 UJJWAL SINGH–2010A62 Under the Guidance of MR.SHREEDHAR BHAT SYMBIOSIS
CENTRE FOR MANAGEMENT AND HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT, SYMBIOSIS INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
ACKNOWLEDMENT This project would not have been possible without the help and support of Mr. Shreedhar Bhat, our mentor for the project. Our
deepest gratitude goes out to him for guiding us at various stages with attention and care. He has taken pain to go through our project and make the
necessary changes when required. We extend our thanks to Prof. K. S. Subramanian – Director, SCMHRD for extending his support to us. We would
also thank our institute... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
4 2. LITERATURE REVIEW Basic Structure Basic structure of corporate governance consists of п‚· п‚· п‚· п‚· Director CEO Chairman The
Board The board relies on independent outside directors to monitor management performance. Some of the important committees are п‚· п‚· п‚· п‚·
Audit Committee Remuneration Committee Nomination Committee Finance Committee Corporate Governances roles and responsibilities Roles of
Directors A director assumes two roles while governing the activities of an organization. They are п‚· The Performance role п‚· The conformance
role Roles of the Chairman п‚· п‚· п‚· п‚· The role of the chairman is to manage the board and ensures that its policies are put into practice by the
management. He also has to work closely with the company secretary to address the legal issues. The chairman must have a good understanding of
the financial standing of the company. He must keep a strict watch on the company's actual performance. Role of the CEO п‚· п‚· Primary role of a
CEO is to run the organization in an efficient manner to produce the desired results. He is expected to have a constructive relationship with the
chairman and the directors Role of the Board The board has the following roles п‚· Strategic role 5 п‚· п‚· Policy making role Monitoring and
supervisory role Audit Committee The committee usually consists of independent directors who report to the board. The functions of the audit
committee

Case Study Of Tata Group
Tata Consultancy Services
Jibin Balachandran
Abstract– Tata Group, was founded by Jamsetji Tata in 1868 this group is India's most respected institutions today. Tata Sons Limited holds major
share of Tata Group which is a conglomerate. In this study we will look into how Tata Consultancy Service Ltd which is one of its conglomerate has
risen to be one of the best in India.
Key words:
INTRODUCTION
Tata Consultancy Services Ltd. (TCS) began its software research and service about three decades ago. TCS offers a range of IT solutions, services,
outsourcing for and of business. It's a part of Tata Group, one of India's respected business conglomerate, Headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra. They
have 142 offices in 42 countries and 105 delivery ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To make it a joy for all stakeholders to work with us." And they uphold values like "Leading change, Integrity, Respect for the individual, Excellence,
Learning and sharing." With this mission and values TCS has established itself as one of the prominent in IT sector player in India with Cyrus Mistry
as chairman and N Chandrasekaran as the Managing Director, employing 300,464 employees as of March 2014.
I.Background of the study
TCS was a division to service electronic data processing (EDP) at first there requirement was to provide management consulting services at first when
it was established. In 1971, they got their first international assignment. In 1981, company set up its first R&D division in India called Tata Research
Design and Development Centre at Pune. In 1985, first client–dedicated offshore development center for Compaq (then Tandem) was setup. In 1989,
they provided electronic depository and trading system called 'SECOM' for a company 'SIS SegaInterSettle', Switzerland. In 1997, they setup their new
corporate training facility at Trivandrum to give training to their employees. In 1998, they ventured into

Growth of a Gold Jewelry Manufacturer, Rajesh Exports in...
Rajesh Exports was established in 1990 as a partnership firm in the name of M/s Rajesh Exports comprising of 3 partners with the objective of
manufacture and export of Gold Jewellery. The firm was reconstituted as a joint stock Company in 1995 and was registered as a Public Limited
Company as Rajesh Exports Limited (REL) under part IX of the Companies Act, 1956 with the Registrar of Companies, Karnataka. REL established
the first organized gold jewelry manufacturing facility in India in 1990. In the following year, it established India's first research and development
(R&D) facility in the jewelry sector. In 1993–94 the Company resorted to a major change in its marketing orientation. The Company had till mid 1993
been exporting its... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the same year, the company acquired the retail network of OyzterBay. In the following year, the company established retail stores under the brand
'Laabh Jewellers'. REL entered into a joint venture agreement with The Muthoot Pappachan Group to retail its products in South India in 2007. In
the same year, the company launched retail jewelry store under the brand name, 'Shubh Jewellers'. In 2009, they consolidated "Shubh" and "Laabh"
into one named as "Shubh" due to the slump in retail and strain of managing two separate entities. In 2010, the company launched seven SHUBH
stores in Bangalore. The company launched jewelry service center under the brand name of 'SHUBH SERVICE CENTER' in 2011. In the same year,
REL launched 25 Shubh showrooms in the state of Karnataka. In April 2012, REL launched 20 new SHUBH showrooms in the state of Karnataka.
The company launched its 81st retail jewelry showroom in Karnataka under the brand name of SHUBH Jewellers at Chennagiri, in April 2013.
Financial Performance of Rajesh Exports
Rajesh Exports has fared exceptionally well financially with its total revenues increasing by 111% annually for the past 4 years. Similar is the case
with net income which has shown close to 143% growth annually over the past 4 years (refer Exhibit 1). It has been able to cut down its cost and is
reportedly the lowest cost gold jewellery manufacturer in the world.

Cross Listings On International Exchanges
The past few decades have witnessed the increased internationalization of various firms through cross–listings on international exchanges. This has
been facilitated by market liberalisation, which has led to greater integration of global securities markets. Cross–border listing has become one of the
avenues for the integration of global securities markets.
There are two forms of cross–border listing, namely, direct listing and indirect listing. Direct listing implies that the firm concerned offers ordinary
shares to the public. Indirect listing on exchanges is through Depository Receipts (DRs). Depository receipt is a negotiable certificate issued by a bank
in a domestic country that represent ownership of shares in companies of other countries. Cross listing, particularly through DRs such as American
Depositary Receipts (ADRs) or Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs), is a popular way of internationalization among firms from emerging economies. In
addition to Europe and America, international firms are allowed to cross list in other countries through the DR programme.
There could be several reasons for a domestic company to cross–list, such as an expanding investor base, the desire to improve stock liquidity through
its highly liquid secondary market, the increasing visibility of the company, a growing customer base, and the wish to take advantage of higher
valuations. From the perspective of investors, cross listing mitigates some of the

Case Study On Tata Consultancy Services
About Tata Consultancy Services: The Tata group's core purpose is to improve the quality of life of the communities it serves globally, through
long–term stakeholder value creation.Founded by Jamsetji Tata in 1868, the Tata group is a global enterprise headquartered in India, and comprises
over 100 operating companies in seven business sectors: communications and information technology, engineering, materials, services, energy,
consumer products and chemicals. Tata companies have operations in more than 100 countries across six continents, and export products and services
to over 150 countries. The revenue of Tata companies, taken together, was $96.79 billion (around Rs527, 047 Crore) in 2012–13, with 62.7 percent of
this coming from businesses outside India. Tata companies employ over 540,000 people worldwide.Good corporate... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
There are 32 publicly–listed Tata enterprises and they have a combined market capitalization of about $122.34 billion (as on May 22, 2014), and a
shareholder base of 3.9 million. Tata companies with significant scale include Tata Steel, Tata Motors, Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), Tata Power,
Tata Chemicals, Tata Global Beverages, Tata Teleservices, Titan, Tata Communications and Indian Hotels.Many Tata companies have achieved global
leadership in their businesses. For instance, Tata Communications is the world's largest wholesale voice carrier and Tata Motors is among the top five
commercial vehicle manufacturers in the world. Tata Steel is among the top 10 best steelmakers and TCS is amongst the top 10 global IT services
companies. Tata Global Beverages is the second–largest player in tea in the world and Tata Chemicals is the world's second–largest manufacturer of
soda ash. Employing a diverse workforce in their operations, Tata companies have made significant local investments in different

The Ibjectages And Disadvantages Of On-Line Trading Systems
3.1.2On–line Trading Systems In 1996, the Indian parliament passed the Derivatives act, which allowed online transaction of shares, thus making it
much easier for all stakeholders to perform their task. Online trading, in simple terms, can be understood as buying and selling securities through the
internet. Such trading commonly necessitates an online trading platform offered for order initiation and completion. This trading platform provides the
investor with all the trading information necessary to make informed investment decision at any point of time. Securities trading can be done with a
click of a few buttons and the investor has access to live market watch functionalities and intraday research dashboard with quick login. Mentioned
below are some of the advantages of trading online – Ease and convenience of share trading Instantaneous transferal of shares Zero stamp duty on share
transfer Greater safety as compared with... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This system commissioned on March 14, 1995 and soon it was introduced for all the securities listed on the BSE. It initially commenced operations
with the screen based trading swapped to direct online access facility in September 1997. During the preliminary stages, BOLT was accessible to
brokers based out of Mumbai. Currently, the facility is accessible country–wide and abroad. For an investor to use online trading facility with BSE,
they are required to have an online trading account. The trading can then carried out from any location in the world during the trading hours. Currently
it operates across 359 cities in the country with nearly 25,000 Trader Workstations. These trader workstations enable access to trading and market
related information which is vital for the participants to be able to take immediate decisions and actions on real–time

What Is The Role Of The Financial Sector Of India
Industry profile
The growth of financial sector in India at present is nearly 8.5% per year. The rise in the growth rate suggests the growth of the economy. The
financial policies and the monetary policies are able to sustain a stable growth rate.
The reforms' pertaining to the monetary policies and the macroeconomic policies over the last few years has influenced the Indian economy to the core.
The major step towards opening up of the financial market further was the nullification of the regulations restricting the growth of the financial sector
in India. To maintain such a growth for a long term the inflation has to come down further.
The financial sector in India had an overall growth of 15%, which has exhibited stability over the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Among them two are national level stock exchanges namely Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and National Stock Exchange of India (NSE). The rest 21
are Regional Stock Exchanges(RSE).
List of Regional Stock Exchanges in India:
В» Ahmedabad
В» Bangalore
В» Bhubaneshwar
В» Calcutta
В» Cochin
В» Coimbatore
В» Delhi
В» Guwahati
В» Hyderabad
В» Jaipur
В» Ludhiana
В» Madhya Pradesh
В» Madras

В» Magadh
В» Mangalore
В» Meerut
В» OTC Exchange Of India
В» Pune
В» Saurashtra Kutch
В» Uttar Pradesh
В» Vadodara
INDIAN STOCK MARKET
Stock market is a market where trading of company stocks, other securities and derivatives takes place. Stock exchanges are corporations or mutual
organizations, which are specialized in trading stocks and securities. All sorts of company stocks are enrolled in the stock exchanges, operating in a
particular country.
BOMBAY STOCK EXCHANGE
Established in 1875, BSE (formerly known as Bombay Stock Exchange Ltd.), is Asia's first & the Fastest Stock Exchange in world with the speed of
6 micro seconds and one of India's leading exchange groups. Over the past 141 years, BSE has facilitated the growth of the Indian corporate sector by
providing it an efficient capital–raising platform. Popularly known as BSE, the bourse was established as "The Native Share & Stock Brokers'
Association" in 1875. Today BSE provides an efficient and transparent market for trading in equity, currencies, debt instruments, derivatives, mutual
funds. It also has a platform for trading in

Key Principles Of Wipro
ABOUT WIPRO LIMITED
Wipro Limited, an Indian multinational headquartered at Bangalore, India is an Indian Multinational Company that provides comprehensive IT
solutions and services, including systems integration, information systems outsourcing, IT enabled services, package implementation, software
application development and maintenance, and research and development services to corporations globally. It is the first PCMM Level 5 and SEI
CMM Level 5 certified IT Services Company. In the Asia Pacific and Middle East markets, Wipro provides IT solutions and services for global
corporations. Wipro also has profitable presence in niche market segments of consumer products and lighting. Wipro's ADSs are listed on the New
York Stock Exchange, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is very difficult to substitute PVC and BFR as they are widely used in electronics products. Wipro has taken care that all the aspects of the alternative
product are verified and validated according to IPC norms (Institute for Interconnecting and Packaging Electronic Circuits).
Wipro InfoTech has taken strong leadership inGreen Computing, providing responsible and environment sensitive computing solutions. Wipro Green
ware range of desktops is a leading step by an organization of Indian origin that helps accelerate adoption of Green Computing by responsible
corporate citizens. Sincere efforts in energy conservation, e–waste management, innovative products like Green ware and continuous awareness
programs, re–affirm Wipro's leadership in green technology and innovation which gave Wipro India's Number 1 Green Brand recognition from
Greenpeace.
The Wipro Green ware range of desktops based on Intel Core 2 Duo processor family which is designed to provide energy efficient performance will
take green computing to the next level. The core mission of Wipro Green Computing is to work towards clean and sustainable IT products and
solutions which helps to achieve high productivity in energy, space and asset

How Indian Stock Market Is Affected By Other Foreign Market
The world today is more connected that it has ever been. We are buying and selling things from and to almost every other country in the world. The
economies have financial relationship with large number of countries and to some or greater extent they affect our economy and we affect theirs.
Some of the global market indices that have a key influence on Indian market are NYSE, NASDAQ, NIKKEI, Dow–Jones, FTSE, S&P500, Kospai
etc. So the aim of this project is to understand how Indian stock market is affected by other foreign market. This study will help us in understanding the
level of interdependency among the major stock markets in the world and its impact on india's market. As the aim of investor is to reduce the risk so
investor will ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However if the value of stock index is decreasing it indicates that in general corporate in the country may be facing trouble. Increasing value of stock
index also means that investors are gaining faith in the economy.
Stock index can be constructed for entire world called global indices like S&P global100, MSCI global (MSCI which include over 6000 stocks from
different parts of the developed world), for a particular continent like (S&P Latin America 500), for entire country like (sensex and nifty for India), or
for a particular sector like (BSE BANKEX for top banking companies in India).
How stock index is calculated?
A stock index is created by selecting a group of high performing stocks. Like the index of nation stock exchange (India) is nifty50 and it comprises of
50 stocks. So if the value of the nifty index goes up it means that most of the stocks in nifty are performing well.
A stock index can be calculated in two ways –
1.By considering the price of the component stocks alone. This method is called the price–weighted method.
2.By considering the market value or size of the company – called the capitalization weighted method.
Mostly for calculating the value of a index weighted market capitalization of the companies is used.
Example of index calculation:–
Lets us see how the value of a stock index is calculated by taking the example of hypothetical stocks.
Consider the base index value is set to 100 for the stocks.

BSE Sensex Case Study
Capital market is a form part of economy of any country and its behaviour has a significant impact on the economy of such country. Stock price
indices are considered as capital market barometer which reflects the overall condition of capital market in any country. The flagship Indian stock price
index 'S&P BSE SENSEX', Popularly known as 'BSE 30' or 'BSE SENSEX', is a free–float market–weighted stock market index which comprises of 30
renowned and financially stable companies listed in Bombay Stock Exchange. The 30 companies which are listed in Bombay Stock Exchange under
'BSE 30' are the market leaders in various business sectors and also mostly active traded stocks in Indian stock market. From the very beginning, BSE
SENSEX is considered as the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
BSE Sensex is one of the flagship stock price indices in Indian stock market. In this paper, it has been tried to estimate how much BSE Sensex, as
the form part of Indian capital market, has grown during the period 1986 to 2016 and after this it has been tried to forecast in which way BSE Sensex
will be going to move in the near future holding period 2017–2020.
Objective:
The current paper has been prepared with two significant objectives:
i. To estimate the growth of BSE Sensex for the study period; ii. To forecast the growth of BSE Sensex in near future.
In order to pursue the present study, various literatures written by eminent authors and researchers have been surveyed. Few of them have been
mentioned as follows:
Ghosh, Bandyopadhyay and Choudhuri, in the year 2011, conducted a study to forecast BSE Sensex subject to the effects of various macroeconomic
variables like gold price, inflation, foreign exchange reserve etc. They have found BSE Sensex to be optimized with the mixed influence of various
independent macroeconomic

Disadvantages Of Derivative Contracts

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