The history of paediatric cardiology

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History of Paediatric
Cardiology
RAMACHANDRA DR,AIIMS,BBSR

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1628
Book titled “De Motu Cordis”,William Harvey from England
described for the first time how the two circulations, pulmonary and
systemic, work together (

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1671- 1888
Neils Stenson from Denmark described the cardiac pathology of a
stillborn fetus with multiple congenital anomalies, which is now
recognized as tetralogy of Fallot characterized by the anatomic
lesion named after Etienne-Louis Fallot in 1888

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1936
Maude Abbott, a Canadian physician and a world-famous expert
on CHD, published her atlas and is a pioneer of cardiac surgery
and paediatric cardiology . She illustrated the pathologic findings,
circulatory and auscultatory diagrams, chest X-ray, and the
electrocardiogram for tetralogy of Fallot

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Late in the 19th century
 Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen invented the X-ray,

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1902
 Einthoven invented electrocardiography

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1929
Forssmann inserted a catheter into a vein of his arm and safely
passed it into his heart, thus contributing to the development of
cardiac catheterisation and angiography

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1954
 Edler and Hertz first described the use of reflected
 ultrasound for imaging of the heart. In the late 1970s,
 M-mode echocardiography became useful to paediatric
cardiologist

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1980
Two-dimensional echocardiography and color-flow Doppler were
developed

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1944
Alfred Blalock, Vivien Thomas,and Helen Taussig from Johns
Hopkins University developed a palliative procedure including an
anastomose between the left sub-clavian artery and the pulmonary
artery.

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Walton Lillehei and a colleague reported results of the total
correction of certain CHD using a human cross-circulation
technique for repairing intracardiac lesions.

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1955
John Kirklin at the Mayo Clinic reported the first successful use of
mechanical cardiopulmonary bypass

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1969
Sir Barratt-Boyes from New Zealand developed the technique of
profound hypothermia and total circulatory arrest as a practical
method for dealing with major corrective surgery in neonates with
CHD

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1957
Ake Senning from Sweden, also known for implanting the first
permanent cardiac pacemaker in 1958 and William Thornton
Mustard from Canada described a surgical procedure to treat
transposition of the great arteries.

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1971
François Marie Fontan from France and Guillermo Kreutzer from
Argentina described a palliative surgical procedure for children with
univentricular hearts.

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1976
Jatene from Brazil performed the first successful arterial switch
operation for transposition of the great arteries.

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1981
 William Norwood developed a procedure for hypoplastic left
heart syndrome.

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1967
Christiaan Barnard from South Africa performed the world’s first
human-to-human heart transplant (Fig 16) In the same year, Adrian
Kantrowitz transplanted the heart of a brain-dead infant into another
infant.

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1966
William Rashkind, known as the father of interventional
paediatric cardiology, introduced balloon atrial septostomy
as a lifesaving palliative procedure for newborns with transposition
of the great arteries.

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The technique of balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty was
described initially by Jean Kan.

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1982
Balloon coarctation angioplasty has been used for coarctation since
and was first performed by James Lock.

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1984
the first balloon aortic valvuloplasty was reported by Lababidi et al

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1676
Thomas Sydenham was the first to describe rheumatic fever
and chorea .

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The middle of the 20th century
The role of Group A β-haemolytic Streptococcus in the
pathogenesis of rheumatic fever was recognised. The discovery of
penicillin by Alexander Fleming from Scotland provided effective
treatment of streptococcal infections and the prevention of recurrent
attacks of rheumatic fever

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Happy Great 71st Independence Day to
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