1. ➔Explain that genes are regions in the
dna that code for proteins, which carry
out the essential functions of life.
➔Explain that different classes of
proteins regulate and carry out the
essential functions of life.
HS LS 1-1 From Molecules
to Organisms: Structure
and Processes
3. Word Reference
Bank
offspring
➔protein
◆An organic compound
that functions as an
enzyme, hormone and as
the structural base that
creates life
➔amino acid
◆A substance that makes
up proteins, the building
blocks of building blocks
➔translation
◆Genetic code to protein
codes
➔transcription
◆DNA copying itself then
4. GENES
➔ Genes control all the different character
traits any offspring will have.
➔ Genes make proteins through two different
process, transcription and translation
5. TRANSLATION
“The process of translating word from one language into another.”
“The process of translating word genes from
one language code into another.”
INTOGene Codes Protein Codes
6. TRANSCRIPTION
“make an exact copy”
Gene copies
itself
Doubled Gene
splits in half
INTO CREATES
A stage for Protein Synthesis
9. DEFENSIVE or ANTIBODIES
➔ protect us against diseases through
antibodies
➔ Antibodies deactivate or destroy harmful
diseases to the body
10. HORMONES
➔ Sends signals between cells
➔ Signals coordinate biological functions
between cells, tissues and organs.
11. ENZYMES
➔ Speed up reactions
➔ Attaches to the substrate and uses its own
energy to speed up the reaction
12. Words to
Remember
offspring
➔protein
◆An organic compound
that functions as an
enzyme, hormone and as
the structural base that
creates life
➔amino acid
◆A substance that makes
up proteins, the building
blocks of building blocks
➔translation
◆Genetic code to protein
codes
➔transcription
◆DNA copying itself then
