1. SAFETY IN RADIOGRAPHY
SPECIFIC SAFETY PROCEDURES.
¯ Radiography cameras must be operated by certified radiographers under
supervision of site in charge and RSO.
¯ As far as possible field radiography should be carried out during night
time only.
¯ Radiography during day time may be permitted on restricted scale when
the occupancy around is minimum eg. During lunch breaks, or on
holidays with permission from HSE Dept.
¯ When radiography work is to be carried out, the site should be
barricaded with barricading tapes and radiation hazard symbol to be
displayed at the site to prevent unauthorized entry.
¯ When radiography work is being carried out at night time, red
warning lights must be displayed conspicuously at four points and at
entry.
- The radiation levels along the cordon off area must be monitored by using a calibrated survey
meter.
¯ Entryintothe restricted area by unauthorized persons must be strictly prohibited during
radiography operation.
¯ Theconcerned radiographer mustbeavailableatthesiteverynearthecordonareathroughout the
Radiography operation.
¯ Whenever possible field radiography should belimited tocollimated (Panoramic exposures).
¯ During collimated exposures theprimary beamshould bedirected towards area ofminimum
occupancy.
¯ All panoramic exposures with the source of activity greater than 20 Ci of I192
must be carried outusing
remote control system.
¯ While using X –ray machine, fulllength of thecable connecting theX-ray tube and control console
must be used.
¯ The source pencil must never be touched or handled directly with hands.
¯ Provide properaccess andworkplatformusingscaffolding while carrying outradiography at elevated
locations.
¯ All operations must be planned in advance and executed in minimum possible time.
¯ The radiography work must becarried out only under the supervision and guidance ofthe site in
charge orRSO.
¯ After completion ofeach exposure, source pencil must besecurely locked inthe camera.
¯ While operating the camera, the operator must make use ofthefull length ofthe cable sothat
maximum distance is always maintained between the operator and the source.
¯ The cameras and containers must be provided with built in locking arrangements so as to prevent
unauthorized handling. Radiation warning symbol must be conspicuously visible on the camera /
container.
¯ The shielding integrity of the radiography equipment must be regularly checked once in a
month. The cameras and the associated accessories must be inspected periodically
2. and any defect rectified immediately by person duly authorized.
¯ Cameras must not be repaired with the radiography source in it. Radiography cameras with the
source inside must never be taken out of an approved site without obtaining permission from
the competent authority.
_ The emergency kit is always accompanied with the source.
STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS:
Responsibilities of Radiography Contractor for safety & security of radiography
devices:
1) Whenever a contract for industrial radiography is awarded to any industrial radiography agency,
the ExecutingDept. shall ensure that:
a. The radiography agency is authorized by RSD, AERB to work at the particularsite.
b. The radiography agency carries outthe radiography work by adhering to requirements of
AERB SafetyCodeonIndustrialRadiography (AERB/SC-IR, 2001)
c. The radiographer engaged by the agency forcarrying outradiography work iscertifiedby
BARC/AERB
d. The radiographer has afunctional radiation survey meter and makes use ofitduring radiography
e. The radiographer cordons sufficient area to control access of unauthorized person during
radiography atthesite.
f. The radiography work is supervised by Radiological Safety Officer (RSO/site-in- charge.)
Contractor Executing Dept. shall be responsible for providing adequate illumination,
scaffolding and other facilities required to facilitate the safe radiography work by
radiography agency.
3) Executing Dept. shall inform well in advance to radiography agency about daily schedule of radiography
work and shall not insist upon the conduct of radiography work under adverse conditions such as during
heavyrains,storms whentakingalltheradiation safety precautions may notbe possible.
4) Executing Dept. shall ensure that the radiography devices (camera(s)) with source are brought in or
moved out of the site with appropriate gate pass mentioning details of the equipment. The proper
records of incoming and outgoing of radiography devices are maintained at storage room and at security
department.
5) The radiography agency to arrange for the safe and secure storage room as approved by AERB, with round the clock
effective physical security arrangements, for storing radiography devices, emergency accessories and other associated
equipment. It shall be ensured that adequate illumination is present around source storage room during night and
approach roads tothe storage room are ingood condition.
6) Contractor Executing Dept. shall inform in writing to the HSE Department on details of personnel of
radiography agency authorized toperformradiography.
7) Contractor executing Dept. should verify that the radiography agency stores securely the radiography
devices inside the pit of the storage room when no work of radiography is carried out.
8) Executing Dept. shall verify that the radiography agency has emergency plans, preparedness
and contact numbers in case of emergency/incidents involving radiography devices.
3. DUTIES OF RSO
Radiological Safety Officer (RSO) or site-in-charge of the job should ensure the following
points.
The cordoning area during field radiography to be computed such that radiation level beyond
the cordoning area to be less than 0.25 mR/hr.
The exact area to be cordoned off depends upon the nature and activity of the source, type of exposure,
work load and the nature of occupancy around.
Positioning of flagman/ watchmen on the four corners of the cordoned off area.
Cordoned off the area (calculated by the above given procedure) using ropes / barricading tape and
radiation warning symbol and night time with red lamps.
Suitable radiation monitors (survey meter) should be used to measure the radiation. Ensure the
properworking condition ofsurvey meters and calibrated regularly.
The operator of radiography equipment should use personal radiation monitoring badges or
dosimeters.
Setting up procedures required for radiography shall be completed before start of Radiography
exposure.
The operator of the radiographic equipment shall maintain a log book to record the details of day to
day use of equipment.
Maintenance and servicing of radiographic materials shall not be attempted without consulting
competent authority.
The operators should be aware of the dose record and send the records for periodic medical
examination. The operators should be aware of the dose record and send the records for periodic
medical examination.
RESPONSIBILITIES OF PERMIT ISSUER:
The issuer of Radiography permit to ensure that:
Radiographer is having authorization certificate from BARC or AERB.
Survey Meter is in working condition.
Dosimeter /TLD Badge isavailable with the Radiographer.
Cordoned off area is to be barricaded with barricading tape and radiation warning symbols to be
displayed at conspicuous locations.
When radiography work is being carried out at night time, red warning lights must be displayed conspicuously
at minfourcornersandentry points.
Cordon off the area where the survey meter shows 0.25 mR/hr.
Individual exposure is to be calculated on working hour basis and it is to be ensured t h a t
cumulative value of individual does not exceed 1 mSv/Year.
HSE Dept.
TechnipFMC
HURL Project-Barauni
