1. Today we are leading our life amidst concrete
forest{buildings}, carbon dioxide expelling industries
and vehicles, polluted river, and shortage of nutrient
food and pure air. Without protecting the
environment, progress cannot be achieved.
“Environmental pollution” and “Social development”
have proved to be two faces of the same coin.
2.
3. On the basis of composition and
characteristics, environment may be divided
into two types. ! Physical OR natural
environment : It includes 1)Earth’s
location , 2)
Earth’s structure,
3) Climate, 4)Soil and,
5)Natural vegetation.
4. ! Cultural OR man made environment : It
includes
1)Industries,
2)Transport and communication,
3)Population,
4)Traditions,
5)Political situations etc…
5. It is an important part of environment and
includes many factors. Environment of the
country depends on its location,structure of
the lithosphere, topography, climate,
soil,natural vegetation etc. Fertile plains,
costal regions and river side regions can be
developed through there are some
exceptions. Thick forests, mountains,
deserts, and ice covered regions usually
remains under-developed.
6. Cultural environment includes all that is created
by man. Industries, population, transport and
communication, traditions, political situations etc., are
the factors forming the cultural environment.It is more
dynamic in nature. Today the
over all development of countries depends on both
physical and cultural environment.
7. Several direct and indirect activities of man
damaging our environment. It is known as
environmental pollution. Normally urbanization,
industrialization, transportation, mining, volcanic
eruptions, wastages thrown out by man etc., are
the main causes for pollution. There are four
main types of environmental pollution,
namely:1)Air pollution, 2)water pollution, 3)soil
pollution, and 4)sound pollution.
8. The gases required by man for breathing are
being polluted. It makes man a victim of many
diseases. Usually volcanic eruption, industries,
vehicles, atomic explosion etc., are the causes
of air pollution. As a result of air pollution a lot of
carbon dioxide is released into air and it is very
harmful to human beings and results in many
diseases and even causes death. Bhopal gas
tragedy is an example.
9. Water is also being polluted
due to many human activities.
Decomposition of wastes that
are let out from industries,
unscientific agricultural methods,
urban settlements, unplanned
drainage patterns etc., are the
main causes of water pollution.
10. Soil pollution is taking place due to many
causes. The main causes are soil erosion,
using more pesticides, unnecessary burning
of forests, surplus use of water, unscientific
land use etc.,
11. To-day sound pollution is common. The
main causes for it are heavy disturbances in
densely populated areas, such as the noise
of vehicles, loud speaker, etc. According to
World Health Organization (WHO) , no
sound should exceed more than 45
decibels.
