Introduction History Implementation Security List of applications

1. BLUETOOTH
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Presented by: BSc.CSIT 5th Semester
Rabin BK
Prism Karki
Puja Nupane
Niraj Koirala

2.  Introduction
 History
Implementation
Security
List of applications
References
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3. Introduction
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RS-232 data cable
 A wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances
 The purpose of Bluetooth is to replace the cables that normally connect
devices, while still keeping the communications between them secure
Uses short-wavelength UHF(Ultra high frequency) radio waves
It was originally conceived as a wireless alternative to RS-232 data cables
 Bluetooth is managed by the Bluetooth Special
Interest Group (SIG)
A manufacturer must meet Bluetooth SIG standards to market it as a
Bluetooth device

4. History
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The "Bluetooth" name is taken from a the tenth-century king Harald
Bluetooth who united dissonant Danish tribes into a single kingdom
 The idea of this name was proposed in 1997 by Jim Kardach of Intel
who developed a system that would allow mobile phones to
communicate with computers
 At the time of this proposal he was reading Frans G. Bengtsson's
historical novel The Long Ships about Vikings and King Harald
Bluetooth
 The Bluetooth logo is a bind rune merging the Younger Futhark runes
(ᚼ, Hagall) and (ᛒ, Bjarkan)

5. Implementation
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 Bluetooth uses a radio technology called frequency-hopping spread spectrum
 Bluetooth divides transmitted data into packets, and transmits each packet on
one of 79 designated Bluetooth channels
 Bluetooth Low Energy uses 2 MHz spacing, which accommodates 40
channels
 Each channel has a bandwidth of 1 MHz. It usually performs 1600 hops per
second, with adaptive frequency-hopping (AFH) enabled
Frequency hopping

6. Implementation contd..
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 Bluetooth is a packet-based protocol with a master/slave architecture. One
master may communicate with up to seven slaves in a piconet
 All devices share the master's clock. Packet exchange is based on the basic
clock, defined by the master, which ticks at 312.5 µs intervals
 Two clock ticks make up a slot of 625 µs, and two slots make up a slot pair
of 1250 µs
 In the simple case of single-slot packets, the master transmits in even slots
and receives in odd slots. The slave, conversely, receives in even slots and
transmits in odd slots
 Packets maybe 1, 3 or 5 slots long, but in all cases the master's transmission
begins in even slots and the slave's in odd slots.

7. Security
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 Bluetooth implements confidentiality, authentication and key derivation with
custom algorithms based on the SAFER(Secure And Fast Encryption
Routine)+ block cipher.
 Bluetooth key generation is generally based on a Bluetooth PIN, which must
be entered into both devices
 During pairing, an initialization key or master key is generated, using the
E22 algorithm. The E0 stream cipher is used for encrypting packets, granting
confidentiality, and is based on a shared cryptographic secret, namely a
previously generated link key or master key.
 E0 is a stream cipher used in the Bluetooth protocol. It generates a sequence
of pseudorandom numbers and combines it with the data using the XOR
operator. The key length may vary, but is generally 128 bits.

8. Security
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 In April 2017, security researchers at Armis discovered multiple exploits in
the Bluetooth software
 These vulnerabilities are collectively called "BlueBorne." The exploits allow
an attacker to connect to devices or systems without authentication and can
give them "virtually full control over the device."
 BlueBorne explained

9. List of Applications
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 Wireless control and communication between a mobile phone and a handsfree headset. This was one
of the earliest applications to become popular.
 Wireless control of and communication between a mobile phone and a Bluetooth compatible car
stereo system.
 Wireless control of and communication with iOS and Android device phones, tablets and portable
wireless speakers.
 Wireless Bluetooth headset and Intercom. Idiomatically, a headset is sometimes called "a Bluetooth".
 Wireless streaming of audio to headphones with or without communication capabilities.
 Wireless streaming of data collected by Bluetooth-enabled fitness devices to phone or PC.
 Wireless networking between PCs in a confined space and where little bandwidth is required.
 Wireless communication with PC input and output devices, the most common being the mouse,
keyboard and printer.
 Transfer of files, contact details, calendar appointments, and reminders between devices with OBEX.

10. References
• "Basics Bluetooth Technology Website". Bluetooth.com. 23 May 2010.
• "Bluetooth.org". Bluetooth.org. Retrieved 3 May 2011.
• "Brand Enforcement Program". Bluetooth.org. Archived from the original on 4
November 2013. Retrieved 2 November 2013.
• "The Bluetooth Blues". Information Age. 24 May 2001. Archived from the original
on 22 December 2007. Retrieved 1 February 2008.
• "Bluetooth traveler". hoovers.com. Archived from the original on 11 January 2011.
Retrieved 9 April 2010.
• Google Images
[https://www.google.com/search?q=bluetooth+gif&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X
&ved=0ahUKEwjvjKGK7PHfAhVMpI8KHe3eABsQ_AUIDigB&biw=1319&bih
=672#imgrc=Jz5fCtFclxU_fM:]
• Youtube video[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLNtZKpL0P8&t=7s]
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11. Queries
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