Linux Installation by Quontra Solutions

Presented By
Quontra Solutions
IT Online Training
Visit : www.quontrasolutions.com
Call Us: (404)-900-9988
Email: info@quontrasolutions.com
Presented By
Quontra Solutions
IT Online Training
Visit : www.quontrasolutions.com
Call Us: (404)-900-9988
Email: info@quontrasolutions.com

Unit 1: Overview of Linux: History,
Characteristics, and Installation
 Objectives
 1: Describe the history and unique characteristics of the Linux
operating system.
 1.1: Identify the events that led to the development of Linux.
 1.2: Identify the characteristics of Linux that contribute to its
popularity.
 2: Create a dual-boot environment with Linux and Microsoft
Windows.
 2.1: Identify and use the partition types on a computer.
 2.3: Identify the features of the Logical Volume Manager (LVM)
subsystem in Linux.
 2.4: Partition a drive correctly for a Windows/Linux dual boot.
 2.5: Install and configure Linux into a dual-boot environment.
info@quontrasolutions.com

Licenses that govern Linux and free
and open-source software
 There is a difference between free software and open-
source software. Both use the same license—the GPL.
However, free software helps users focus on freedom
and ethics but open-source software is related to the
efficiencies gained by the free-software approach to
development.

What is Free Software?
 Free software” is a matter of liberty, not price. To understand
the concept, you should think of “free” as in “free speech”, not
as in “free beer”.
 Free software is a matter of the users' freedom to run, copy,
distribute, study, change and improve the software. More
precisely, it refers to four kinds of freedom, for the users of the
software:
 The freedom to run the program, for any purpose (freedom 0).
 The freedom to study how the program works, and adapt it to
your needs (freedom 1). Access to the source code is a
precondition for this.
 The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your
neighbor (freedom 2).
 The freedom to improve the program, and release your
improvements to the public, so that the whole community
benefits (freedom 3). Access to the source code is a
precondition for this.

The Open Source Definition
 Open source doesn't just mean access to the source
code. The distribution terms of open-source software
must comply with the following criteria:
http://www.opensource.org/docs/osd

1. Free Redistribution
 The license shall not restrict any party from selling or
giving away the software as a component of an aggregate
software distribution containing programs from several
different sources. The license shall not require a royalty
or other fee for such sale.

2. Source Code
 The program must include source code, and must allow
distribution in source code as well as compiled form. Where
some form of a product is not distributed with source code,
there must be a well-publicized means of obtaining the source
code for no more than a reasonable reproduction cost
preferably, downloading via the Internet without charge. The
source code must be the preferred form in which a
programmer would modify the program. Deliberately
obfuscated source code is not allowed. Intermediate forms
such as the output of a preprocessor or translator are not
allowed.

3. Derived Works
 The license must allow modifications and derived works,
and must allow them to be distributed under the same
terms as the license of the original software.

4. Integrity of The Author's Source
Code
 The license may restrict source-code from being
distributed in modified form only if the license allows the
distribution of "patch files" with the source code for the
purpose of modifying the program at build time. The
license must explicitly permit distribution of software
built from modified source code. The license may require
derived works to carry a different name or version
number from the original software.

5. No Discrimination Against
Persons or Groups
 The license must not discriminate against any person or
group of persons.

6. No Discrimination Against Fields
of Endeavor
 The license must not restrict anyone from making use of
the program in a specific field of endeavor. For example,
it may not restrict the program from being used in a
business, or from being used for genetic research.

7. Distribution of License
 The rights attached to the program must apply to all to
whom the program is redistributed without the need for
execution of an additional license by those parties.

8. License Must Not Be Specific to a
Product
 The rights attached to the program must not depend on
the program's being part of a particular software
distribution. If the program is extracted from that
distribution and used or distributed within the terms of
the program's license, all parties to whom the program is
redistributed should have the same rights as those that
are granted in conjunction with the original software
distribution.

9. License Must Not Restrict Other
Software
 The license must not place restrictions on other software
that is distributed along with the licensed software. For
example, the license must not insist that all other
programs distributed on the same medium must be open-
source software.

10. License Must Be Technology-
Neutral
 No provision of the license may be predicated on any
individual technology or style of interface.

What is GNU?
 The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym
for “GNU's Not Unix”; it is pronounced g-noo,
as one syllable with no vowel sound between the g
and the n.
 The GNU Project was launched in 1984 to develop a
complete Unix-like operating system which is free
software: the GNU system.
 GNU's kernel isn't finished, so GNU is used with the
kernel Linux. The combination of GNU and Linux is
the GNU/Linux operating system, now used by
millions.

GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
 Preamble
 The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for
software and other kinds of works.
 The licenses for most software and other practical works are
designed to take away your freedom to share and change the
works. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is
intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change all
versions of a program--to make sure it remains free software
for all its users. We, the Free Software Foundation, use the
GNU General Public License for most of our software; it
applies also to any other work released this way by its
authors. You can apply it to your programs, too.
 http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html

Other types of licenses
 Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD)
 Microsoft End-User License Agreement (EULA).

 Insert CD. Reboot Machine. You'll be presented with a
very nice Fedora artwork GRUB splash and some
options.

 Select the 'Skip' option when you'll be asked if you want
to check the media before installation and press ENTER:

 Anaconda (the Fedora installer) will load and you'll see
the welcome screen. Click Next:

 Choose your language:

 Choose your keyboard layout:

 Now, if you have an empty hard drive, all you have to do
is click Next (make sure the "Remove Linux partitions on
selected drives and create default layout" option is selected).

 If you don't have an empty hard drive and you still want
to install Fedora 8 on your machine, then make sure you
select the "Use free space on the selected drives and create
default layout" option (10 GB minimum free space is
required). Click Next:

Disk Partitioning Swap
 The default partitioning schema is
displayed. This screen allows you to
make changes to the schema. The
partitioning schema will depend on the
purpose of your Linux system. In this
configuration we will create three
partitions for swap, /boot, and /. Swap
is used as virtual memory space for
an operating system. Swap should be
configured for 2 times the amount of
RAM or 2GB maximum.
 Select the free space then click New.
 Select swap as the File System Type
 Set Size to 1024MB (or twice your
RAM size)
 Click OK.

Disk Partitioning /boot and /
Create the /boot partition. /boot
contains boot specific files and
usually needs about 100MB.
 Select /boot as the mount point
 Set the Size to 100MB.
 Click OK
Create the / partition. The remainder
of the disk space will use the /
partition.
 Select / as the mount point
 Set the Size to the remainder of
space available (Fill to maximum
allowable)
 Click OK

Disk Partition Completion
When you complete your manual
configuration you should see the
three partitions you created.
Changes can be made as
necessary. Tab or point to
Next and select.

The primary and extended partitions from
the example

Boot Loader Configuration
 The default boot loader is
GRUB. If you have more
than one boot partition you
can select which you want to
use as the default. In this
case the partition identified
as Other is your existing
Windows partition and the
Linux partition is identified as
Fedora Core. Ensure Fedora
Core is selected as the
default. You may also select
a boot loader password and
configure boot loader
options. Tab or point to Next
and select.

 The boot loader is similar to a traffic officer, pointing the
Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) to the operating
system that it must load.

 People who are used to running only Windows may
not be familiar with the Windows boot loader
(ntldr). Until Windows Vista was developed, ntldr
was not designed to support other operating
systems. However, we will be dual-booting between
Windows and Linux in this course. We will use the
GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB) to accomplish
this because the Windows XP/2003 boot loader
cannot accommodate other operating systems.

 If you have a DHCP network (dynamic IP address) you
can click Next right now,

 if you have a static IP address click the "Edit" button

 When you're done with the network configuration, click
Next and you will be asked to select your location
(country/city):

 Once you've selected your timezone, click next and you
must enter the root (System Administrator) password.
The longer, the better (WRITE IT SOMEWHERE
OR MEMORIZE IT):

 Now you can select the desired packages (or not):

 Hit the Next button and everything will be done
automatically from now on. The installation process will
take about 8-10 minutes (depending on your computer
specs and the selected packages).

 When the installation is over, you will get a
"Congratulations, the installation is complete" screen.
Click the 'Finish' button and your computer will
automatically reboot:

 Remove the DVD from your optical drive and your brand
new Fedora 8 Linux operating system will start for
the first time:

 Before you reach the Fedora desktop, you must do a
one-time general system configuration:

 1. Accept the license (it's free, don't worry) and click
Forward.

 2. Configure your firewall. By default, SSH is checked but
if you don't use it, uncheck it!

 3. SELinux defaults to (Enforcing), change it and click the
'Forward' button.

 4. Make sure the date and time are correctly setup.

 5. Don’t’ submit your hardware profile to the Fedora
Project to help focus their efforts on popular hardware
and platforms.

 6. Create a user account.

 That's it! Now log in to your new Linux OS (with the
user and password you've just created):

 and enjoy the ultimate, spectacular, breathtaking Fedora
8 distribution.

Linux Installation by Quontra Solutions

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