Digital conceptsv

Digital Conceptsv
1. Any number with an exponent of zero is equal to:
A.zero
B.one
C.that number
D.ten
Answer & Explanation
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
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2. In the decimal numbering system, what is the MSD?
A.The middle digit of a stream of numbers
B.The digit to the right of the decimal point
C.The last digit on the right
D.The digit with the most weight
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
3. Which of the following statements does NOT describe an advantage of digital technology?
A.The values may vary over a continuous range.
B.The circuits are less affected by noise.
C.The operation can be programmed.
D.Information storage is easy.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

4. The generic array logic (GAL) device is ________.
A.one-time programmable
B.reprogrammable
C.a CMOS device
D.reprogrammable and a CMOS device
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
5. The range of voltages between VL(max) and VH(min) are ________.
A.unknown
B.unnecessary
C.unacceptable
D.between 2 V and 5 V
Answer: Option C
6. What is a digital-to-analog converter?
A.It takes the digital information from an audio CD and converts it to a usable form.
B.It allows the use of cheaper analog techniques, which are always simpler.
C.It stores digital data on a hard drive.
D.It converts direct current to alternating current.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
A DAC converts an abstract finite-precision number (usually a fixed-point binary number)
into a concrete physical quantity (e.g., a voltage or a pressure).
7. What are the symbols used to represent digits in the binary number system?
A.0,1
B.0,1,2
C.0 through 8
D.1,2

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
8. A full subtracter circuit requires ________.
A.two inputs and two outputs
B.two inputs and three outputs
C.three inputs and one output
D.three inputs and two outputs
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
9. The output of an AND gate is LOW ________.
A.all the time
B.when any input is LOW
C.when any input is HIGH
D.when all inputs are HIGH
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
10. Give the decimal value of binary 10010.
A.610 B.910
C.1810 D.2010
Answer: Option C
1. Parallel format means that:

A.each digital signal has its own conductor.
B.several digital signals are sent on each conductor.
C.both binary and hexadecimal can be used.
D.no clock is needed.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
12. A decoder converts ________.
A.noncoded information into coded form
B.coded information into noncoded form
C.HIGHs to LOWs
D.LOWs to HIGHs
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
13. A DAC changes ________.
A.an analog signal into digital data
B.digital data into an analog signal
C.digital data into an amplified signal
D.none of the above
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
14. The output of a NOT gate is HIGH when ________.
A.the input is LOW

B.the input is HIGH
C.the input changes from LOW to HIGH
D.voltage is removed from the gate
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
15. The output of an OR gate is LOW when ________.
A.all inputs are LOW
B.any input is LOW
C.any input is HIGH
D.all inputs are HIGH
Answer: Option A
16. Which of the following is not an analog device?
A.Thermocouple
B.Current flow in a circuit
C.Light switch
D.Audio microphone
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
17. A demultiplexer has ________.
A.one data input and a number of selection inputs, and they have several outputs
B.one input and one output
C.several inputs and several outputs
D.several inputs and one output
Answer: Option A

Explanation:
18. A flip-flop has ________.
A.one stable state
B.no stable states
C.two stable states
D.none of the above
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
19. Digital signals transmitted on a single conductor (and a ground) must be transmitted in:
A.slow speed.
B.parallel.
C.analog.
D.serial.
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
20. In a certain digital waveform, the period is four times the pulse width. The duty cycle is
________.
A.0% B.25%
C.50% D.100%
Answer: Option B
21. In positive logic, ________.
A.a HIGH = 1, a LOW = 0
B.a LOW = 1, a HIGH = 0

C.only HIGHs are present
D.only LOWs are present
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
22. Convert the fractional binary number 0000.1010 to decimal.
A.0.625 B.0.50
C.0.55 D.0.10
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
23. Digital representations of numerical values of quantities may BEST be described as having
characteristics:
A.that are difficult to interpret because they are continuously changing.
B.that vary constantly over a continuous range of values.
C.that vary in constant and direct proportion to the values they represent.
D.that vary in discrete steps in proportion to the values they represent.
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
24. A common instrument used in troubleshooting a digital circuit is a(n) ________.
A.logic probe
B.oscilloscope
C.pulser
D.all of the above

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
25. The parallel transmission of digital data:
A.is much slower than the serial transmission of data.
B.requires only one signal line between sender and receiver.
C.requires as many signal lines between sender and receiver as there are data bits.
D.is less expensive than the serial method of data transmission.
Answer: Option C
26. Convert the fractional decimal number 6.75 to binary.
A.0111.1100 B.0110.1010
C.0110.1100 D.0110.0110
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
27. What is one relative disadvantage of serial transfer?
A.It requires too many conductors.
B.Its interconnect system is complex.
C.It is slow.
D.It can only be used over very short distances.
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

28. Which format requires fewer conductors?
A.Parallel
B.Serial
C.Both are the same
D.Cannot tell
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
29. A pulse has a period of 15 ms. Its frequency is ________.
A.6.66 Hz
B.66.66 Hz
C.666.66 Hz
D.15 Hz
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
30. Give the decimal value of binary 10000110.
A.13410 B.14410
C.11010 D.12610
Answer: Option A
31. The rise time is the time it takes a pulse to go from ________.
A.the base line to the maximum HIGH voltage
B.10% of the pulse amplitude to the maximum HIGH voltage
C.the base line to 90% of the pulse amplitude
D.10% of the pulse amplitude to 90% of the pulse amplitude
Answer: Option D

Explanation:
32. What is an analog-to-digital converter?
A.It makes digital signals.
B.It takes analog signals and puts them in digital format.
C.It allows the use of digital signals in everyday life.
D.It stores information on a CD.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
33. A multiplexer has ________.
A.one input and several outputs
B.one input and one output
C.several inputs and several outputs
D.several inputs and one output
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
34. What is the decimal value of 23 ?
A.2 B.4
C.6 D.8
Answer: Option D
Explanation:

23 = 2*2*2=8
35. An encoder converts ________.
A.noncoded information into coded form
B.coded information into noncoded form
C.HIGHs to LOWs
D.LOWs to HIGHs
Answer: Option A
36. What kind of logic device or circuit is used to store information?
A.Counter B.Register
C.Inverter D.Buffer
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
37. PLCC packages have leads on ________.
A.one side
B.two sides
C.three sides
D.four sides
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
38. What is the typical invalid voltage for a binary signal?
A.0.7–2.8 volts
B.0.8–3 volts
C.0.8–2 volts
D.0.7–2.5 volts

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
A.1.40 B.1.125
C.1.20 D.1.80
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
A.24.50 B.18.25
C.18.40 D.16.25
Answer: Option B
41. How many binary bits are necessary to represent 748 different numbers?
A.9 B.7
C.10 D.8
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
42. A periodic digital waveform has a pulse width (tw) of 6 ms and a period (T) of 18 ms. The
duty cycle is ________.
A.3.3% B.33.3%
C.6% D.18%

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
43. Any number with an exponent of one is equal to:
A.zero.
B.one.
C.two.
D.that number.
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
44. Serial format means digital signals are:
A.sent over many conductors simultaneously.
B.sent over one conductor sequentially.
C.sent in groups of eight signals.
D.sent in binary coded decimal.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
45. What is the decimal value of 2–1 ?
A.0.5 B.0.25
C.0.05 D.0.1
Answer: Option A
46. Which format can send several bits of information faster?

A.Parallel
B.Serial
C.Both are the same
D.Cannot tell
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
47. The frequency of a pulse train is 2 kHz. The pulse period is ________.
A.5 ms
B.50 ms
C.500 s
D.2 s
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
48. What has happened to the advances in digital technologies over the past three decades?
A.Slowed down considerably
B.Continued to increase, but at a decreasing rate
C.Made excellent progress
D.Nothing short of phenomenal
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
49. A type of digital circuit technology that uses bipolar junction transistors is ________.
A.TTL B.CMOS

C.LSI D.NMOS
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
50. How many unique symbols are used in the decimal number system?
A.One B.Nine
C.Ten D.Unlimited
Answer: Option C
51. A classification of ICs with complexities of 12 to 100 equivalent gates on a chip is known as
________.
A.SSI B.MSI
C.LSI D.VLSI
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
52. Which of the following is a semiconductor memory?
A.RAM B.MAR
C.CD-ROM D.CD
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
53. The holes through a PC board are ________.
A.smaller with SMT than with through-hole mounting

B.larger with SMT than with through-hole mounting
C.the same size as with through-hole mounting
D.usually unnecessary
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
54. A classification of ICs with complexities of 100 to 10,000 equivalent gates per chip is known
as ________.
A.SSI B.MSI
C.LSI D.VLSI
Answer: Option C
1. Any number with an exponent of zero is equal to:
A.zero
B.one
C.that number
D.ten
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
2. In the decimal numbering system, what is the MSD?
A.The middle digit of a stream of numbers
B.The digit to the right of the decimal point
C.The last digit on the right
D.The digit with the most weight
Answer: Option D
Explanation:

3. Which of the following statements does NOT describe an advantage of digital
technology?
A.The values may vary over a continuous range.
B.The circuits are less affected by noise.
C.The operation can be programmed.
D.Information storage is easy.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
4. The generic array logic (GAL) device is ________.
A.one-time programmable
B.reprogrammable
C.a CMOS device
D.reprogrammable and a CMOS device
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
5. The range of voltages between VL(max) and VH(min) are ________.
A.unknown
B.unnecessary
C.unacceptable
D.between 2 V and 5 V
Answer: Option C
1. The voltage levels used to represent binary values (0 and 1) in a digital system are
nearly equal in value.
A.True B.False

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
2. In a serial data system, the data is transmitted along a group of conductors
simultaneously.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
3. Temperature variation is normally an analog quantity.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
4. Transistor-transistor logic (TTL) uses the bipolar transistor as its main circuit
element.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

5. A digital quantity has a discrete set of values.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A
6. SMT stands for small-to-medium technology.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
7. X-ray, MRI, and ultrasound systems in hospitals are examples of analog systems.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
8. Greater accuracy and precision are possible with digital techniques.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
9. With an OR gate, the output is HIGH only when both inputs are HIGH.
A.True B.False

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
10. The time interval on the leading edge of a pulse between 10% and 90% of the
amplitude is the rise time.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A
11. Telecommunications systems do not use digital techniques.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
12. The real world is mainly analog.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
13. Binary means having two states or values.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A

Explanation:
14. Four bits equal one byte.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
15. An inverter performs a NOT operation.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A
16. In a positive logic system, the logic LOW could be between 0 V and 0.8 V.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
17. In a binary system there are only two symbols.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

18. Using digital techniques of information storage is easy.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
19. One advantage of analog circuits over digital circuits is that it's easier to store data.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
20. Digital circuits cannot perform logic comparisons since the circuit can have only
one of two values at any instant.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option B
21. A digital circuit will not obey a set of logic rules.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
22. Circuits that exhibit the property of memory normally revert to their original state
when the input is removed.
A.True B.False

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
23. A logic analyzer is used to display a timing diagram.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
24. Parallel transmission is faster than serial.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
25. A microcomputer is the smallest type of computer.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A
26. A device to convert a binary number to a 7-segment display format is a decoder.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A

Explanation:
27. The two binary digits are 1 and 2.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
28. It is possible to have an overlap between high and low levels in digital logic.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
29. A microcomputer is not a general-purpose computer.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
30. An invalid digital signal is used as a zero.
A.True B.False

Answer: Option B
31. Memory devices store binary data.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
32. A graph of phase vs. time is a timing diagram.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
33. In a negative logic system, a high is represented by 0.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
34. The LSB is always to the right of the MSB.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

35. With an AND gate, if one input is HIGH, the output reflects the other input.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A
36. An ADC is an analog-to-digital converter.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
37. The arithmetic/logic unit will send the results of its decisions to memory.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
38. Digital systems require that voltage levels change between high and low.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
39. The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is composed of memory and outputs.

A.True B.False
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
40. PALs are relatively simple integrated circuit devices.
A.True B.False
Answer: Option A
1. Digital systems have ________.
A.one state
B.two states
C.three states
D.four states
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
2. The systems shown in the given figure transfer data ________.
A.serially
B.sequentially
C.in parallel
D.both serially and sequentially
Answer: Option D

Explanation:
3. Digital systems are called ________.
A.binary systems
B.logic systems
C.numbering systems
D.ADC systems
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
4. 1/4 as a binary number would be ________.
A.0.01 B.0.11
C.0.10 D.0.00
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
5. The invalid range for an input to TTL logic is from ________.
A.0 to 0.8 V
B.1.2 to 1.6 V
C.0.8 to 2.0 V
D.2.0 to 5.0 V
Answer: Option C
6. In a typical digital system, Logic 0 is 0V–0.8V, and Logic 1 is ________.
A.2–5V B.2.5–5V
C.3.0–5.5V D.3.5–5.5V

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
7. Once a signal is digitized, the information it contains does not ________ as it is processed.
A.complain B.stiffen
C.compress D.deteriorate
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
8. The rise-time of a pulse is normally measured between the ________.
A.0 and 100% level
B.10% and 90% level
C.30% and 70% level
D.50% level on the leading edge to the 50% level on the trailing edge
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
9. A logic circuit that can store one bit of information is a ________.
A.flip-flop
B.counter
C.gate
D.code converter
Answer: Option A

Explanation:
10. The horizontal axis of an oscilloscope is normally calibrated in units of ________.
A.voltage B.current
C.time D.frequency
Answer: Option C
11. The combination of waveforms consisting of the given figures 1 and 2 is generally referred to
as ________.
A.simultaneous waveforms
B.a timing diagram
C.two-phase waveforms
D.pulse waveforms
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
12. The digit that changes most often when counting is called the ________.
A.LSB
B.LL Bean
C.LED
D.LCD
Answer: Option A

Explanation:
13. Memory devices that use electronic latching circuits are called ________.
A.RAM
B.flip-flops
C.magnetic tape
D.DRAM
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
14. A microprocessor that performs only specific, dedicated tasks is also called a ________.
A.microcontroller
B.calculator
C.laptop microrocmputer
D.workstation processor
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
15. The decimal system is composed of ________ symbols.
A.2 B.8
C.10 D.16
Answer: Option C
16. The manner in which a digital circuit responds to an input is the circuit's ________.
A.logic B.wiring
C.inputs D.outputs

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
17. The given figure is most likely a ________.
A.register B.decoder
C.counter D.multiplexer
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
18. A(n)________ is not a functional unit of a computer.
A.input unit
B.memory unit
C.modem
D.control unit
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

19. The duty cycle of a square wave is ________.
A.10% B.25%
C.50% D.100%
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
20. If a HIGH logic level is assigned a binary zero (0), and a low level is assigned a binary one
(1), the logic is called ________.
A.negative logic
B.positive logic
C.invalid logic
D.assertion-level logic
Answer: Option A
1. The quantity represented by #1 in the given figure is ________.
A.VH(max) B.VL(min)
C.VH(min) D.VL(max)
Answer: Option D
Explanation:

22. A binary number can be converted to be viewed on a 7-segment display by a(n) ________.
A.decoder
B.encoder
C.multiplexer
D.magnitude comparator
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
23. The CPU contains all the circuitry for ________.
A.storing data
B.keeping track of time
C.fetching and interpreting instructions
D.Internet operations
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
24. Demultiplexing is a logic function that ________.
A.determines which of several inputs is the greatest
B.switches logic from one input to any of several output lines
C.switches logic from several inputs onto one output line
D.converts a code from one form to another
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

25. In ________ the quantities are not represented by continuously variable indicators.
A.analog representation
B.digital representation
C.signal representation
D.computer representation
Answer: Option B
26. A continually variable, proportional indicator is a(n) ________ representation.
A.decimal B.digital
C.unconstitutional D.analog
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
27. The control and arithmetic/logic units are often considered as one unit called the ________.
A.central processing unit
B.inputs and outputs
C.microcomputer
D.arithmetic/logic unit
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
28. A microcontroller would not be used in a(n) ________.
A.VCR
B.automobile ignition system
C.antilock brakes
D.grandfather clock
Answer: Option D

Explanation:
29. ________ is the highest-value seven-bit binary number.
A.128 B.127
C.126 D.125
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
30. The systems shown in the given figure communicate using ________.
A.parallel data
B.serial data
C.serial-parallel data
D.both parallel and serial data
Answer: Option A
31. The set of instructions for a computer is called a(n) ________.
A.program
B.input
C.output
D.control unit
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

32. The controls on an oscilloscope that will help obtain a stable display are in the ________.
A.vertical section
B.horizontal section
C.trigger section
D.display section
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
33. The value of the data shown in the given figure is ________.
A.between 0 and 1
B.1011001
C.5
D.1001101
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
34. To determine which of two binary numbers is larger, you could use a(n) ________.
A.register
B.adder
C.encoder
D.magnitude comparator

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
35. In ________ transmission, a single conductor is used.
A.digital B.automatic
C.serial D.binary
Answer: Option
6. In a negative logic system, the area represented by #3 in the given figure would be the
________ level.
A.HIGH B.LOW
C.off D.uncertain
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
37. The area represented by #4 in the given figure is the ________ level.

A.HIGH B.LOW
C.off D.unacceptable
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
38. Other ________ are often used to interpret or represent binary quantities for the convenience
of the people who work with and use these digital systems.
A.analog systems
B.digital systems
C.number systems
D.binary systems
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
39. In a positive logic system, the HIGH level is usually represented by ________.
A.0 V
B.+1 V
C.+5 V
D.+9 V
Answer: Option C

Explanation:
40. A set of instructions for a computer is called a(n) ________.
A.instruction manual
B.logic unit
C.program
D.diagram
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

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