3. The aim of the project – the
experimental study of dynamics
of toroidal vortices and their
interaction in liquid and air
4. Vortex theory, advanced by Thomson (Lord Kelvin) on
the basis of investigation by Helmholtz, that the
atoms are vortically moving ring-shaped masses (or
masses of other forms having a similar internal
motion) of a
homogeneous, incompressible, frictionless fluid.
Various properties of such atoms (vortex atoms) can
be mathematically deduced. (Webster's Revised Unabridged
Dictionary, published 1913 by C. & G. Merriam Co.)
5. The understanding of dynamics the vortex formation is important to describe the
flows in liquid and gas. It is may be applicable to extrapolate set of laws such dynamics
on basic physical processes as electron movements, solar and other star systems
formation. The behavior of vortex rings has been intensively studied ever since Kelvin's
'vortex atom' theory [1]. Many experimental and computational studies have explored
the 'reconnection' of initially distinct vortex rings. It was described the experiments in
which two vortex rings, inclined towards one another, go through two
reconnections, after which two new rings, comprising half of each of the
originals, emerge [4]. Many authors described three-dimensional numerical simulations
which establish a simple mechanism by which the linking of two vortex rings may be
achieved starting from an unlinked initial state [8, 1, 3]. Those studies were identified
the unlinking of two initially linked vortex rings and then reversing the vorticity of the
final state and running the simulation backwards [5, 2, 4]. This computational procedure
sheds light on why, both in experiment and simulation, linking is not always achieved
from an arbitrary initial configuration of unlinked vortex rings set on a collision course
[6,7,9] .
1. Aref H., Zawadzki I. Linking of vortex rings Nature 354, 50 - 53 (07 November 1991)
2. Ashurst Wm. T. Numerical study of vortex reconnection Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 1632–1635 (1987)
3. Kida S, Takaoka M Reconnection of vortex tubes 1988 Fluid Dyn. Res. 3 257
4. Kida, S.; Takaoka, M.; Hussain, F. Collision of two vortex rings Journal of Fluid Mechanics (1991), 230, 583-646
5. Leonard A Computing Three-Dimensional Incompressible Flows with Vortex Elements Annual Review of Fluid
Mechanics Vol. 17: 523-559 (January 1985)
6. Oshima Yuko , Izutsu Naoki Cross‐linking of two vortex rings Phys. Fluids 31, 2401 (1988)
7. Siggia E.D. Collapse and amplification of a vortex filament Phys. Fluids 28, 794 (1985)
8. Yamada H., Matsui T. Preliminary study of mutual slip‐through of a pair of vortices Phys. Fluids 21, 292 (1978);
9. Yuko O., Saburo A. Interaction of two vortex rings along parallel axes in air Journal of the Physical Society of
Japan (1977), 42(2), 708-13
