1.
CLUJ IT Cluster - HR Group
HR Needs Assessment Survey Analysis
Document change control
Rev.
Issue
date
Revised
By
Approved
By
Status
Brief
description
of
change
10.01.2014
V
0.1
Author(s)
Catalina
Ciubotaru
Iustinian
Sovrea
Calin
Vaduva
Almost
Finalized
Iustinian
Sovrea
Calin
Vaduva
Finalized
Alexandra
Bayer
V
0.2
5.02.2014
Catalina
Ciubotaru
Alexandra
Bayer
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Management
summary
and
Press
release
status:
pending
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2. Table of Contents
1. PREAMBLE ............................................................................................................................... 3
Survey Relevancy ....................................................................................................................................................................... 3
2. SURVEY ANALYSIS .............................................................................................................. 4
Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................. 4
Companies Data Analysis ...................................................................................................................................................... 4
Companies Evolution* Analysis......................................................................................................................................... 7
Training Need Assessment Analysis ............................................................................................................................. 11
Private-Academic Partnership ......................................................................................................................................... 13
Expectations from Cluj IT Cluster .................................................................................................................................. 17
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3. 1. Preamble
This
document
is
intended
to
provide
an
analysis
of
the
HR
Needs
Assessment
survey
launched
by
the
Cluj
IT
Cluster
–
HR
Committee.
The
purpose
of
this
survey
is
to
centralize
and
analyse
human
resources
needs
of
IT&C
companies
in
Cluj
area
(all
companies
operating
within
Cluj-­‐Napoca
area
-­‐
including
branches).
The
survey
covers
several
important
aspects,
such
as
•
Resources
needs
•
Training
Needs
Assessment
•
Academic-­‐private
partnership
(both
with
University
and
high
schools)
The
results,
presented
only
as
statistical
data
are
inputs
for
future
Cluster
projects
in
the
area
of
Human
Resources
Management.
Consider
results
for
October-­‐November
2013
(this
is
the
time
interval
when
companies
were
asked
to
respond
the
survey)
Survey Relevancy
Considering
the
response
rate
between
the
companies’
members
of
Cluj
IT
Cluster
(see
below)
the
question
regarding
the
survey
relevancy
was
raised.
Reporting
the
total
number
of
Full
Time
Employees
(FTE)
in
companies’
members
of
Cluj
IT
Cluster
that
have
answered
this
survey
to
the
total
FTE
in
all
companies’
members,
the
percent
is
76,83%,
therefore
the
following
report
can
be
considered
relevant
for
Cluj
IT
Cluster,
considering
Human
Resources
related
issues.
It
is
not
the
intention
to
present
this
report
as
relevant
for
the
entire
Cluj
IT
market.
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4. 2. Survey Analysis
Introduction
The
survey
contains
44
questions,
which
are
grouped
in
six
sections.
The
1st
milestone
targeted
the
members
of
the
IT
Cluster
–
18
of
them
have
responded
(64%
of
all
members).
The
survey
is
intended
to
be
circulated
once
a
year
and
the
intention
is
to
include
other
companies,
not
part
of
the
Cluster.
Note:
Not
all
companies
have
responded
to
all
survey
questions
The
18
Companies
that
responded
to
this
survey
are:
Altom
Consulting,
ArtSoft
Consult,
Arxia,
EfectRO,
Endava
Romania,
Evoline,
Fortech,
Imprezzio
Global,
ISDC
Romania,
Iquest
Technologies,
Light
Soft,
NetMatch,
Net
Brinel,
Night
Build,
Optima
Group,
PITECH+PLUS,
Recognos
Romania,
Small
Footprint.
Companies Data Analysis
Location
•
100%
of
the
questioned
companies
are
either
headquartered
in
Cluj
or
have
a
branch
in
Cluj.
•
7
of
them
(~39%)
have
branches/heaquartes
in
other
locations
in
Romania
•
6
of
them
(~33%)
have
branches/
headquarters
abroad,
outside
Romania
Ownership
Joint
venture
17%
Other
5%
Foreign
22%
Romanian
56%
Figure 1 – Company Ownership
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5. Main Services
13
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
13
12
7
2
Product/
Service
Development
Outsourcing
Services
Consultancy
Services
Research
and
Development
(Innovajve
SME)
Hardware
and
Infrastructure
Figure 2 – Main Company Services
From
the
total
of
18
companies:
•
13
(~72%)
have
as
main
activity:
Product/Service
Development
and
Outsourcing
Services
•
12
(~67%)
are
also
offering
Consultancy
Services
•
7
of
them
are
doing
Research
and
Developing
•
2
of
them
have
Hardware
and
Infrastructure
among
their
business
component.
Business Export
The
18
companies
export
an
average
of
78%
from
their
business.
Minimum
of
business
export
is
0%
and
Maximum
100%.
Total FTE* (Company Size)
We
consider
*FTE
-­‐
full
time
employees
=
total
number
of
technical
staff
(Software
Development/
Quality
Assurance/
Hardware
and
Infrastructure)
-­‐
including
employees,
long-­‐term
collaborators
PFA,
others
The
FTE*
of
technical
staff
in
Romania
-­‐
2.411
FTE.
1724
FTE
(Cluj)
[15
companies
responded
to
this
question]
2411
FTE
(Romania)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
The
FTE*
of
technical
staff
in
Cluj
-­‐
1.724
FTE.
[17
companies
responded
to
this
question]
Figure 3 – Total FTE* (Romania and Cluj)
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6. For
Cluj
area,
no.
of
FTE
segmented
on
competencies
was
also
analysed
[15
companies
responded
to
this
question]
1400
1160
1200
FTE
1000
800
600
335
400
131
200
0
sokware
development
test
engineering
hardware
engineering
Figure 4 – Total FTE – technical staff Cluj (end of 2013)
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7. Companies Evolution* Analysis
Section
II
of
the
survey
focuses
on
the
company
evolution
–
looking
at
evolution
during
the
last
5
years
(2008-­‐2012)
and
their
forecast
in
team
growth
for
the
next
5
years
(2013-­‐2017).
*Company
evolution
is
defined
as
percentage
of
increase/decrease
of
FTE*
(technical
staff).
Evolution 2008-2012
FTE
evolution
%
Cluj
Locations
software
development
test
engineering
hardware
engineering
2008
21%
6%
1%
2009
11%
51%
14%
2010
24%
47%
13%
2011
24%
11%
7%
2012
15%
12%
5%
Total
FTE
(now
–
Nov.
2013)
1160
335
131
[13
companies
responded
to
this
question]
60%
51%
47%
50%
sokware
development
40%
test
engineering
30%
24%
21%
20%
11%
14%
24%
13%
hardware
engineering
11%
6%
10%
15%
12%
7%
5%
1%
0%
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Figure 5 – Average % of increase/decrease number of people (FTE*) during the last 5 years
Forecast growth 2013-2017
Companies
were
asked
to
evaluate
company’s
evolutions
for
the
next
5
years.
An
average
of
their
growth
is
presented
in
the
following
table
and
charts,
for
both
Romania
and
Cluj.
Forecast
for
Romania
Forecast
for
Cluj
[13
companies
responded
to
this
question]
Year
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
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Average
%
19%
19%
16%
15%
14%
FTE*
2.411
2.869
3.328
3.827
4.363
[16
companies
responded
to
this
question]
Year
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
Average
%
19%
16%
15%
14%
14%
FTE
1.724
2.000
2.300
2.622
2.989
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8. 19%
19%
19%
16%
16%
15%
15%
14%
14%
14%
2013
20%
2014
2015
2016
2017
10%
0%
Romania%
Cluj%
Figure 6 – Average % of increase in number of people (FTE*) forecasted for the next 5 years
5,000
4,000
2,411
1,724
2013
3,000
2,000
3,328
2,869
2,000
2014
4,363
3,827
2,989
2,622
2,300
1,000
0
Romania%
2015
Cluj%
2016
Linear
(Romania%)
2017
Linear
(Cluj%)
Figure 7 – Forecasted no. of FTE* in the next 5 years (average % applied)
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
76%
84%
42%
32%
28%
.2008
19%
.2009
.2010
.2011
15%
14%
14%
.2013
.2012
16%
.2014
.2015
.2016
.2017
Figure 8 – Combined chart considering historical data (2008-2013) and forecasted data (2014-2017)
If
we
calculate
the
expected
growth
of
the
number
of
employees
-­‐
considering
the
current
number
of
employees
and
the
percentage
growth
estimated
of
each
company
(weighted
sum)
-­‐
the
increasing
number
of
employees
will
be
higher.
Year
Total
FTE
Cluj
Location
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2013
1.724
2014
2.009
2015
2.340
2016
2.730
2017
3.194
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9. 4,000
FTE
3,000
2,000
1,724
2,009
2,340
2,730
3,194
1,000
0
2013
2014
2015
2,016
2017
Figure 9 - Forecasted no. of FTE* in the next 5 years – Cluj – Napoca (weighted sum)
Current Job Oppenings
In
Nov-­‐2013,
the
companies
questioned
had
a
total
of
141
job
opening
in
Cluj,
89
for
SD,
24
for
QA
and
28
for
Hardware
specialists.
Recruitment Information
It
was
interesting
to
reflect
if
Cluj
acts
as
a
regional
centre
that
attracts
workforce
in
the
IT
field.
The
survey
evaluated
if
the
companies
have
relocated
technical
staff
in
the
past
2
years
(2012-­‐2013).
10
companies
answered
positive,
with
a
total
of
48
persons
relocated
from
outside
Cluj
Area
to
Cluj
Offices
(represents
~3%
of
the
total
no.
of
FTE*).
The
maximum
number
of
staff
relocated
to
a
single
company
was
12%
of
the
total
no.
of
FTE*.
Major
cities
targeted
to
relocate
technical
staff
are:
Bucharest,
Sibiu,
Oradea,
Targu
Mures,
Piatra
Neamt,
Suceava,
Brasov,
Iasi,
Timisoara,
Medias
and
the
technical
specialties
varies
from:
.NET,
Java,
Web
and
Mobile.
One
company
mentioned
also
relocated
staff
from
Brussels
and
Paris.
12
companies
(~67%)
have
encountered
difficulties
and
challenges
in
attracting
and
retaining
workforce
during
the
last
years.
Top
identified
problems
are:
1. not
enough/
lack
of
specialized
&
experienced
IT
people
on
the
Cluj
workforce
Market
2. not
enough
IT
Specialists
graduate
from
IT
Universities
–
lack
of
technical
&
practical
knowledge
(structure
thinking)
and
soft-­‐skills
(communication,
leadership,
etc)
of
IT
graduates
3. high
salaries
increase/
expectations
over
the
last
3
years
(salary
expectation
vs.
experience
not-­‐
balanced
report)
–
considering
market
needs
and
diminished
offers
4. competitors
companies
working
with
PFA
contracts
–
paying
from
abroad
directly
to
the
PFA
means
a
higher
income
for
developers
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10. 5. Headhunting,
New
subsidiaries
of
foreign
companies
have
been
opened
in
Cluj
area
in
the
last
few
years
6. Limited
programs
for
continuous
learning
for
IT
professionals
Therefore,
the
next
question
is
related
to
companies’
interests
in
relocating/
extending
business
in
other
location
outside
Cluj.
7
of
18
have
answered
positively,
out
of
4
interested
in
other
locations
in
Romania,
and
3
interested
in
going
abroad.
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11. Training Need Assessment Analysis
Companies
were
asked
to
provide
information
regarding
their
technology
focus
in
the
next
2
years.
The
results
can
be
seen
in
the
following
table.
Not
all
the
18
companies
have
provided
data
to
this
question.
Technology
Focus
Java
.Net
C/C++
PHP/Front-­‐end
Mobile
QA
(Testing)
Hardware
Medical/eHealth
Other
%
of
companies
interested
in
technology
50%
(9
out
of
18)
66%
(12
out
of
18)
33%
(6
out
of
18)
44%
(8
out
of
18)
61%
(11
out
of
18)
61%
(11
out
of
18)
38%
(5
out
of
18)
16%
(3
out
of
18)
44%
(8
out
of
18)
Average
procent
13.80%
31.10%
2.10%
11.20%
5.80%
17.30%
4.70%
7.60%
6.40%
If
considering
the
technological
focus
for
the
next
2
years
correlated
with
companies
estimated
growth
a
forecast
regarding
FTE
technology
focus
is
presented
in
the
chart
below.
140
120
125
125
101
100
FTE
80
60
60
38
40
20
7
6
0
Java
Series1
49
47
.Net
C/C++
101
125
6
PHP/
Medical/
Mobile
QA
(Test)
Hardware
Front-­‐end
eHealth
60
38
125
47
Other
7
49
Figure 10 - FTE forecast regarding technological area focus for the next 2 years
When
questioned
regarding
the
preferred
training
approach,
the
companies
identified
the
following:
1. In-­‐house
training
with
internal
suppliers
~94%
2. On
the
job
training
~89%
3. In-­‐house
training
with
external
suppliers
or
external
trainings
~61%
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12. 4. On-­‐line
trainings
~55%
5. Open
courses
~50%
Segmentation
of
Technologies
covered.
The
following
table
is
consistent
with
the
technology
focus
for
the
next
2
years.
Top
answers
reveal
training
programs
on
Microsoft
and
Web
Technologies,
as
well
as
trainings
on
soft-­‐skills
and
Project
Management
topics.
Answer
Percentage
covered
with
Percentage
covered
with
internal
resources
external
resources
Java
Technologies
55,56%
33,33%
Microsoft
Technologies
72,22%
55,56%
C/C++
Technologies
27,78%
22,22%
Web
and
Front-­‐End
Technologies
88,89%
33,33%
PHP
Technologies
27,78%
11,11%
Mobile
Technologies
55,56%
55,56%
Quality
Assurance
(Manual
&
Automation)
50,00%
38,89%
System
Administration
33,33%
22,22%
Project
Management
50,00%
61,11%
Product
Management
11,11%
11,11%
Soft-­‐skills
development
55,56%
55,56%
5,56%
5,56%
11,11%
33,33%
Medical/eHealth
Other
(Agile/
Scrum,
etc)
16
of
the
companies
(~89%)
are
willing
to
contribute
to
offering
training
services
on
the
local
IT
professional
community.
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13. Private-Academic Partnership
Section
IV
of
the
survey
focuses
on
the
Private-­‐Academic
Partnership.
Both
IT
Universities,
Cluster’s
members
are
interested
in
keeping
close
contact
with
market
needs.
In
average,
~74%
of
the
total
FTE*
(technical
staff)
are
graduates
of
IT
Universities
in
Cluj-­‐Napoca.
Internship Programes
15
of
the
18
companies
(~83%)
currently
offer
internship
programs
with
local
IT
Universities
and
the
average
number
of
internship
positions
is
~9
students/
year.
The
table
below
extracts
total
number
of
internship
positions/
year;
the
minimum
and
maximum
of
students
that
can
be
accommodated
within
each
company.
Calculation
Result
Count
18
Sum
122
Average
8,71
Minimum
2
Maximum
20
The
internship
projects
run
by
each
company
covers
the
following
technologies:
1. .NET
-­‐
10
companies
2. PHP
&
Web
-­‐
7
companies
3. Java
-­‐
6
companies
4. QA
-­‐
6
companies
5. Mobile
-­‐
4
companies
6. Others
(BI,
Oracle,
Network)
-­‐
1
company/technology
niche
~60%
of
the
interns
are
retained
in
a
full-­‐time
position
after
competing
internship
program.
When
questioned
about
the
main
challenges
in
recruiting
fresh
graduates
–
entry-­‐level
positions
the
companies
identified
the
following
problems.
Answer
unsatisfactory
level
of
theoretical
technical
knowledge
unsatisfactory
level
of
practical
experience
(lab
work,
team
work,
Count
Percentage
8
44,44%
16
88,89%
5
27,78%
personal
projects,
etc)
Other
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14. Open
answers
revealed
also:
•
Lack
of
business
awareness
and
soft
skills,
structured
thinking
•
Sometimes,
lack
of
work
ethics
and
professionalism
•
Inadequate
self-­‐evaluation
•
Low
level
of
loyalty
Academic curricula
Companies
were
questioned
about
the
academic
curricula,
if
it
fit
the
today’s
market
needs.
Several
topics
were
marked
in
order
to
be
bettered
addressed
in
order
gain
the
competencies
needed
by
the
job
market.
Regarding
technology
focus,
companies
suggested
introducing:
•
lab
and
practical
project
work
on
Microsoft
Technologies
[2
companies/18]
•
Data
Bases
-­‐
the
knowledge
is
usually
very
basic
or
lacking,
no
hands
on
experience
[2
companies/18]
•
Mobile
Technologies
[2
companies/18]
•
New
Web
Technologies
[3
companies/18]
•
Software
Testing
(suggestion:
course
equivalent
to
the
one
held
by
Cem
Kaner
at
Florida
Institute
of
Technology:
http://bbst.info)
[3
companies/18]
•
BI
[1
company/18]
•
e-­‐Health
[1
company/18]
•
Embedded
Programming
[1
company/18]
•
User
oriented
development
[1
company/18]
•
Integrated
apps
[1
company/18]
Regarding
project
development,
companies
suggested
introducing:
•
Software
Development
Process
-­‐
Tools
and
Methodologies
[5
companies/18]
•
Agile/
SCRUM
Development
[4
companies/18]
•
Business
Analysis
and
Customer
requirements
[2
companies/18]
•
Project
Management
[4
companies/18]
Regarding
soft
skills
development,
companies
suggested
introducing:
•
Communication
–
assertive
communication
[4
companies/18]
•
Conflict
Management
[1
company/18]
•
Client
Interaction
and
client
orientation
[1
company/18]
Asociația CLUJ IT
Page 14 of 17
Email: contact@clujit.ro
Web: clujit.ro

15. •
A
good
course
on
how
you
should
analyse
a
problem,
how
you
write
a
research
plan
and
express
yourself
in
a
formal
way
[1
company/18]
Collaboration with University trainers
Universities
assistants
and
lecturers
can
act
as
a
pool
of
trainers
for
the
local
IT
market.
4
out
of
16
companies
have
answered
positively
about
a
previous
collaboration
with
trainers
from
the
University
and
14
out
of
16
have
answered
positively
when
asked
about
a
potential
collaboration.
Yes
(Y)
25%
No
(N)
22%
No
(N)
75%
Yes
(Y)
78%
Figure 11 – Previous Collaborations with trainers
Figure 12 – Interest in collaboration with trainers
from the local Universities
from the local Universities
Technological
areas
that
can
be
covered:
•
.NET
Technologies
[5
companies/18]
•
Java
Technologies
[4
companies/18]
•
Web
Development
(e.g.
JavaScript
frameworks:
Node
JS,
Angular
JS)
[3
companies/18]
•
Data
bases
•
Cloud
computing
•
Project
Management/
Agile
[2
companies/18]
•
Automation
Testing
[1
company/18]
•
Sitecore
[1
company/18]
•
UI/UX
[1
company/18]
•
C++
[1
company/18]
•
Object
Oriented
Programming
[1
company/18]
•
Embedded
programming
•
Distributed
systems
programming
[1
company/18]
•
Windows
Administration-­‐based
services
[1
company/18]
Asociația CLUJ IT
Page 15 of 17
[2
companies/18]
[2
companies/18]
[1
company/18]
Email: contact@clujit.ro
Web: clujit.ro

16. Other collaborative projects
When
questioned
about
other
type
of
collaborative
projects,
the
results
are
the
following.
Companies
that
answered
positively
and
have
a
closer
relationship
with
the
University
might
share
best
practices
within
the
Cluster
Group
and
new
collaborative
projects
can
be
developed.
[16
companies
responded
to
this
question]
[18
companies
responded
to
this
question]
Yes
(Y)
19%
Yes
(Y)
28%
No
(N)
72%
No
(N)
81%
Figure 13 – Companies offering scholarships
Figure 14 – Companies that run research projects in
collaboration with local IT Universities
[15
companies
responded
to
this
question]
Companies
mentioned
collaboration
on
Java,
Oracle,
Microsoft
-­‐.NET,
SharePoint,
Medical
Image
Processing,
Data
mining,
Smart
city,
Domotics.
[16
companies
responded
to
this
question]
Yes
(Y)
12%
Yes
(Y)
40%
No
(N)
60%
No
(N)
88%
Figure 15 – Companies that run educational projects
in collaboration with local IT Universities
Asociația CLUJ IT
Page 16 of 17
Figure 16 – Companies that run educational projects
in collaboration with local high-schools
Email: contact@clujit.ro
Web: clujit.ro

17. Expectations from Cluj IT Cluster
Section
V
addresses
companies’
expectation
from
Cluj
IT
Cluster.
A
set
of
additional
question
was
developed
for
companies
that
are
not
members
of
the
Cluster
in
case
the
survey
will
be
implemented
outside
Cluster
group.
Regarding
the
priorities
in
relationship
with
the
Cluster,
the
statistics
are
the
following.
Answer
Count
Percentage
support
and
assistance
for
HR
projects
and
initiatives
14
77,78%
support
and
promoting
Cluj
IT
industry
opportunities
16
88,89%
support
and
assistance
in
relationship
with
local
and
national
authorities
10
55,56%
support
and
assistance
for
research,
development
and
innovation
projects
11
61,11%
2
11,11%
Other
Open
responses
include:
• entrepreneurship,
entrepreneurship,
open
standards,
open
source,
web
accessibility
[1
company/18]
• Joint
training/conferences
on
lower
prices
than
one
could
do
alone
[1
company/18]
Regarding
the
interest
in
HR
Projects
that
can
be
further
developed
by
Cluj
IT
Cluster,
the
statistics
are
the
following.
Answer
Count
Percentage
projects
targeting
increasing
number
of
IT
specialists
on
the
local
market
15
83,33%
support
and
assistance
in
collaboration
with
local
IT
Universities
13
72,22%
support
for
training
activities
15
83,33%
2
11,11%
Other
Open
responses
include:
• Increase
quality
of
the
resources
pool
[1
company/18]
• Career
advising
and
IT
skills
improvement
in
high-­‐schools
[1
company/18]
Asociația CLUJ IT
Page 17 of 17
Email: contact@clujit.ro
Web: clujit.ro