OERB PowerPoint

1. Cycle 4: Seismic Clatter
• Locating Petroleum
• Wonder Why.....
• Have you ever wondered about the
technology that scientists use to locate oil
and natural gas? How can you map
something you cannot see?
Next
Slide
Vocabulary Words

2. Seismic Clatter
Activity One – Patterns
• Every person in the world has a unique set of
fingerprints. Even though everyone’s
fingerprints are different, there are basic
patterns that are always found.
• How are these fingerprints different?
Next
Slide

3. Seismic Clatter
Discovery Procedure
• 1. Make a carbon pad by scratching on a sheet
• of paper with a pencil.
• 2. Rub your right thumb across the carbon pad.
• 3. Lift two prints of your right thumb using
• transparent tape.
Next
Slide

4. Seismic Clatter
Discovery Procedure
4. Place lifted thumb prints on opposite ends
of an index card. Write your name below the
thumb print on the right half of the card.
name
5. Give your completed card to your teacher.
Next
Slide

5. Seismic Clatter
• Discovery Procedure:
• Identify the matching thumb prints.
• Discuss the similarities and differences in
the students’ prints.
• Identify student thumb prints which have
whorls, arches or loops.
Next
Slide

6. Patterns from Underground
• Scientists use sound waves to “see” inside
the earth and to produce seismic maps.
Thumper trucks or explosions are used to
send powerful vibrations, or seismic
waves, through the ground.
Next
Slide

7. Seismic Mapping
Different rock types reflect seismic waves differently.
• Seismic mapping (seismic survey) is used to locate subsurface
structures and possible sites for
Next
• petroleum location. Slide

8. Geological Features
• Geologic features of particular interest to
petroleum geologists are:
1. Anticline
2. Fault
3. Salt Dome
4. Stratigraphic traps
(Pinchout and Unconformity)
Click on the underlined words to
learn more about the geological
feature.
Next
Slide

9. Anticline
•Upwarping of rocks (anticlinal folds) are
particularly good at trapping crude oil
and natural gas.

10. Anticline
OIL
Oil formed in the source rock migrates upward through the
reservoir rock until it is stopped by the cap rock.

11. Fault
•Movements in the Earth trapped the oil
and natural gas in the reservoir rocks
between layers of impermeable rock.

12. Salt Dome
•Salt beds formed by the evaporation of sea
water. High pressure exerted on salt beds deep
in the Earth’s crust caused the salt to flow,
often forming a dome.

13. Stratigraphic Trap
Geologic features
formed by a change
in the reservoir rock.
The sand bars are
covered by the mud
from the floodplain.
The mud eventually
turned to shale and
trapped the oil.