About social institutions

2. What is Social Institution?
Is a social structures and social mechanisms of social
order and cooperation that govern the behavior of its
members.
Is a group of social positions, connected by social
relations, performing a social role.
Any institution in a society that works to socialize the
group of people in it.

3. Characteristics of an Institution
Palispis (1996)
Institutions are purposive.
Relatively permanent in content.
Institutions are structured.
Institutions are a unified structure.
Institutions are necessarily value-laden.

4. Functions of an Institutions
1. Institutions simplify social behavior for the individual
person.
2. Provide ready-made forms of social relations and social
roles for individual.
3. Act as agencies of coordination and stability for the total
culture.
4. Control behavior.

5. Major Social Institutions
The Family
Education
Religion
Economic Institutions
Government as a Social Institution

6. The Family

7. The Family
The smallest social institution with the unique function or
producing and rearing the young.
It is the basic unit of society and the educational system
where the child begins to learn his ABC.
The basic agent of socialization because it is here where
the individual develops values, behaviors, and ways of life
through interaction with members of the family (Vega,
2004).

8. Characteristic of Family
The family is closely join and has strong family ties.
The family is usually extended one and therefore, big.
The family, kinship ties are extended to include the
“compadre” or sponsors.

9. Functions of the Family
1. Reproduction of the race and rearing of the young.
2. Cultural transmission or enculturation.
3. Socialization of the child.
4. Providing affection and a sense of security.
5. Providing the environment for personality development
and the growth of self-concept in relation to others.
6. Providing social status.

10. Kinds of Family

11. …according to STRUCTURE
b. Consanguine or Extended Family
-consist of married couple, their parents, siblings,
grandparents, uncles, aunts, and cousins.
a.Conjugal or Nuclear Family
-the primary or elementary family
consisting of husband, wife and children.

12. …according to term of MARRIAGE
a. Polyandry
-one woman is married to two or more
men at the same time.
b.Polygamy
-one man is married to two or more
women at the same time.
c. Cenogamy
- two or more men mate with two or
more women in group marriage.

13. …according to DESCENT
a. Patrilocal
-when the newly married couple lives with the
parents of the husband.
b. Matrilocal
- when the newly married couple lives with the
parents of the wife.
c. Neolocal
- when the newly married pair maintains a
separate household and live by themselves.

14. …according to AUTHORITY
a. Partriarchal
- when the father is considered the head and plays a
dominant role.
b. Matriarchal
- when the mother or female is the head
and makes the major decisions.
c. Equalitarian
- when both father and mother share in
making decisions and are equal in
authority.

15. EDUCATION

16. Education…
 a form of learning in which the knowledge, skills, and
habits of a group of people are transferred from one
generation to the next through teaching, training, or
research.

17. What are the functions of Schools?
Mcnergney & Herbert(2001)
-described the school as first and foremost a social
institution, that is , an established organization having an
identifiable structure and a set of functions meant to
preserve and extend social order.
School is the place for the contemplation of
reality, and our task as a teacher , in simplest
terms, is to show this reality to our students,
who are naturally eager about them.

18. Intellectual Purposes…
…to teach basic cognitive skills such as reading, writing, and
mathematics; to transmit specific knowledge.
Political Purposes…
…to inculcate allegiance to the existing political
order(patriotism).
…to prepare citizens who will participate in the
political order.
…to assimilate diverse cultural groups into
political order.
…and to teach children the basic laws of society.

19. Social Purpose…
…to socialize children into the various
roles, behavior, and values of society.
Economic Purpose…
…to prepare students for their later
occupational roles, and to select, train,
and allocate individuals into the division
of labor.

20. Multiple Functions of Schools
 Technical- Economic
 Human/ Social
 Political
 Cultural
 Education

21. Manifest Functions of Schools
 Social Control
 Socialization Placement
 Transmitting Culture
 Promoting Social & Political Integration
 Agent of Change

22. RELIGION

23. What is RELIGION?
 Religion is a system of beliefs and
rituals that serves to bind people
together through shared worship,
thereby creating a social group.

24.  Set of beliefs and practices that pertain to a
sacred or supernatural realm that guides
human behavior and gives meaning to life
among a community of believers.

25. Characteristics of Religion
 Belief in a deity.
 A doctrine of salvation.
 A code of conduct.
 Religious rituals.

26. Functions of Religion
Calderon(1998)
1. Serves as a means of social control.
2. Exerts a great influence upon personality development.
3. Allays fear of unknown.
4. Explains events or situations which are beyond
comprehension of man.
5. Gives man comfort, strength and hope in times of crisis
and despair.

27. 6. It preserves and transmit knowledge,
skills, spiritual, and cultural values and
practices.
7. It serves as an instrument of change.
8. Promotes closeness, love, cooperation,
friendliness and helpfulness.

28. 9. Alleviates sufferings from major calamities.
10. It provides hope for a blissful life after
death.

29. Three Elements of Religion
 Sacred and profane.
 Legitimation of norms.
 Rituals.
 Religious community.

30. Economic
Institutions

31. The economy is the social institution responsible
for the production and distribution of goods. The two
dominant economic systems in the world are
capitalism, under which resources and means of
production are privately owned, and socialism, a
system under which those resources are owned by
the society as a whole.

32. Every society’s economic system makes a
statement about justice by determining who
is entitled to what.
• There are two basic models
– Capitalism
– Socialism

33. Capitalism is an economic system in which natural resources and
the means of producing goods and services are privately owned.
• . An ideal capitalist economy has three distinctive features:
1. Private ownership of property
2. Pursuit of personal profit.
3. Competition and consumer choice
• Consumers regulate a free-market economy
• Justice in a capitalist system amounts to freedom of the
marketplace

34. Socialism
• an economic system in which natural resources and the
• means of producing goods and services are collectively owned
• In its ideal form, it has three opposite features to capitalism
1. Collective ownership of property
2. Pursuit of collective goals
3. Government control of the economy
• Justice in a socialist context means not competing to gain
wealth
• but meeting everyone’s basic needs in a roughly equal manner

35. Microeconomics
 Concerned with the specific economic units of parts
that makes an economic system and the relationship
between those parts.
 Emphasis is placed on understanding the behavior of
individual firms, industries, households, and ways in
which such entities interact.
(Spencer, 1980; Javier,2002)

36. Macroeconomics
 Concerned with the economy as a whole, or large
segments of it.
 It focuses on such problems as the role of
unemployment, the changing level of prices, the
nation’s total output of goods and services, and the ways
in which government raises and spends money.

37. GOVERNMENT as
a SOCIAL
INSTITUTION

38. Government…
 Is the institution which solves conflicts that are public
in nature and involve more than a few people.
 The Government as the institution by which an
independent society makes and carries out those rules of
action which are necessary to enable men to live in a
social state, or which are imposed upon the people for
that society by those who possess the power or authority
of prescribing them.

39. Three Branches of Government
Executive
Legislative
Judicial

40. Thanks for
watching!
Sandy Mangao
Viceno
BSED 3-A
Occidental
Mindoro State
College