discussion 1 - BRADY Data is something that every researcher needs in order to show his work and to justify whether his hypothesis is correct or incorrect. What you are actually researching can sometimes dictate how you need to do your research. There are two different types of research methods and that is quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative is exactly what it sounds like. Take statists and numbers along with results of everything that is being studied and researched to compare them with one another (Brians, 2011). Qualitative is more of a personal experience form of gathering data. Take for instance individuals that go and learn about other cultures. The journals or papers they write ae usually about their experiences and what they have seen. Their perspectives give rise to understanding and influence. It’s important to be able to understand the difference and have good comprehension as it will show you the best war to gather data for your hypothesis or subject you’re studying. Our research is for homeland security so let’s head in that direction. A case can be had for either research method could be used to figure out which is the best but that is not the question. The question is which I believe is most helpful. Let’s say for instance new laws and regulations have been put in place to ensure that no terrorist get into the country or can attack America again. How are you going to quantify that information unless it has been done in a quantitative method where information is being compared to the time before the laws to the time after to see if the laws have worked? Now that I have answered the question I would also like to point out that sometimes getting this information requires individuals to have the information from the field itself and to actually make suggestions based on their actual practical applications they have seen. This top couple is descriptive which could be one or the other method of data collection. DISCUSSION 1 - Justin Research methods are usually categorized as being either quantitative or qualitative. Explain the difference between quantitative and qualitative methods. Identify which method of research you believe is most useful in homeland security research. Quantitative methods emphasis on detached observations and documenting the findings in a numerical manner. (Brian, Willnat, Manheim, & Rich, 2011).  Quantitative research needs to have specific question and have an idea of what you want you to gain from the research.  Qualitative research, is “based on the researcher’s informed understanding” of the topic being researched (Brians, et al, 2011, p. 2).  The difference here would be that qualitative research focuses on the study of people in their own environment and watching events as the “naturally” take place (Brians, et al., 2011, p. 83). Qualitative is an evolution in the study of research as it unfolds and give a larger picture to me in that the observer can see the whole scope of the int.

1. discussion 1 - BRADY
Data is something that every researcher needs in order to show
his work and to justify whether his hypothesis is correct or
incorrect. What you are actually researching can sometimes
dictate how you need to do your research. There are two
different types of research methods and that is quantitative and
qualitative. Quantitative is exactly what it sounds like. Take
statists and numbers along with results of everything that is
being studied and researched to compare them with one
another (Brians, 2011). Qualitative is more of a personal
experience form of gathering data. Take for instance individuals
that go and learn about other cultures. The journals or papers
they write ae usually about their experiences and what they
have seen. Their perspectives give rise to understanding and
influence. It’s important to be able to understand the difference
and have good comprehension as it will show you the best war
to gather data for your hypothesis or subject you’re studying.
Our research is for homeland security so let’s head in that
direction.
A case can be had for either research method could be used to
figure out which is the best but that is not the question. The
question is which I believe is most helpful. Let’s say for
instance new laws and regulations have been put in place to
ensure that no terrorist get into the country or can attack
America again. How are you going to quantify that information
unless it has been done in a quantitative method where
information is being compared to the time before the laws to the
time after to see if the laws have worked?

2. Now that I have answered the question I would also like to
point out that sometimes getting this information requires
individuals to have the information from the field itself and to
actually make suggestions based on their actual practical
applications they have seen. This top couple is descriptive
which could be one or the other method of data collection.
DISCUSSION 1 - Justin
Research methods are usually categorized as being either
quantitative or qualitative. Explain the difference between
quantitative and qualitative methods. Identify which method of
research you believe is most useful in homeland security
research.
Quantitative methods emphasis on detached observations and
documenting the findings in a numerical manner. (Brian,
Willnat, Manheim, & Rich, 2011). Quantitative research needs
to have specific question and have an idea of what you want you
to gain from the research.
Qualitative research, is “based on the researcher’s informed
understanding” of the topic being researched (Brians, et al,
2011, p. 2). The difference here would be that qualitative
research focuses on the study of people in their own
environment and watching events as the “naturally” take place
(Brians, et al., 2011, p. 83). Qualitative is an evolution in the
study of research as it unfolds and give a larger picture to me in
that the observer can see the whole scope of the intel, such as
the mood and the atmospherics, the context of the intel as it is
being done in real time.

3. I believe that qualitive research would make the best for
homeland security. To me this would give the most current intel
in real time and understanding. The quantitative to me would be
analyst’s interpretation as an outside source compiling data with
a cause and effect as our text book states. TO me that would be
too late and from an outside source that might not know how
things were meant as they accorded. Although quantitative is
good in my understanding for building trends to move into
qualitive. (Boots on the ground in real time understanding the
culture and tendency of the target)
Discussion 2 - Christopher
In my career and position I have to review research to make
sure that we have the best practices in medical care. One of
articles that I recently reviewed was about the relationship of
out of hospital cardiac arrest survival and bystander
intervention. The article “Association of Bystander and First-
Responder Intervention With Survival After Out-of-Hospital
Cardiac Arrest in North Carolina, 2010-2013” takes a sample of
11 counties in North Carolina, according to Hansen et al (2015),
“covering a total population of approximately 2.7 million
inhabitants (30% of the state’s total population), with
demographics varying from urban to rural areas served by 11
EMS agencies” (para.12). This is a large sample that would be
representative of the population served within the state. The
sample was collected through an interesting manner; a database
with a formatted questionnaire was used which includes data
from all states. This database was used for the time in question
and limited to a geographical area (North Carolina).
Essentially, providers in the field would complete a form after
the interaction in the field.
I do think that this uses a representative sample, Brians,
Willnat, Manhein, Rich (2011), “one in which every major

4. attribute of the larger population from which the sample is
drawn is present in roughly the proportion or frequency with
which those attributes occur in that larger population”
(pg.133). This would be the case in this study. Looking into
the ethical standards in this case it clearly a ethical study. This
study pulled from a database and did not deny any patient
medical care, which could be unethical. Instead, every patient
was afforded the same opportunities and first response.
Discussion 2 - Roberta
The subject I chose to research is “Animal Biowarfare
Research: Historical Perspective and Potential Future Attacks”
written in 2012 by Jung-Yong Yeh, Jee-Yong Park, Yun Sang
Cho and In-Soo C. In this article the topic is about how animals
have been targeted and used as a biological weapon since World
War 1 by enemies as a form of weapon. This is known as
argoterrorism. “The potential for terrorist attacks against
agricultural targets (argoterrorism) is increasingly recognized as
a national security threat. Argoterrorism refers to attacks with a
variety of biological agents on commercial crops or livestock
populations, either as targets or as vehicles by which to attack
humans. Animal agriculture may be an easy target because large
farms can be sabotaged as a point source, resulting in an
extremely Argoterrorism; bioterrorism; foreign animal
disease.” (Jung-Yong Yeh, 2012) The researchers have studied
the deliberate introduction of biological contamination among
livestock. “Germany, the United Kingdom, the United States,
Canada and Japan, had biological weapons programmers that
involved research on biological agents to target livestock and
poultry.” (Jung-Yong Yeh, 2012) Germany investigated the
introduction of Foot and Mouth Disease and rinderpest. The
United Kingdom produced and stored 5 million cattle cakes
laced with Anthrax that were to be dropped on livestock fields
in Germany during World War II if needed. The United States,

5. Canada and Great Britain investigated many animal diseases
during WWII including Anthrax, brucellosis and glanders. They
also studied rinderpest, Newcastle disease, and fowl plaque.
Japan studied rinderpest. In the 1980’s Iraq studied camelpox.
The Soviet Union weaponized the African Swine Fever,
rinderpest and FMD. This article used the quantitative method
by compiling research from past events. “Quantitative research
tries to establish cause-and-effect relationships.” (Brians, 2011)