CKD Symptoms, Causes, Treatments
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This PowerPoint presentation will introduce you to a basic understanding of what is a chronic kidney disease and how significant it impacts millions of Australians.
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CKD Symptoms, Causes, Treatments
- 2. Derived from: http://www.arltfoundation.org/blog/2015/09/definition/ According to Kidney Health Australia organisation, chronic kidney disease refers to the incidence of kidney damage and/or reduce kidney performance that lasts for three months or more (CKD Management in General Practice, 2015). Derived from: http://www.pompanodialysis.com/all-about-kidney-disease/
- 3. Symptoms: • Anemia • Blood in urine • Dark urine • Edema (swelling of feet, hands and ankles) • Fatigue • Skin rash/itching, • Dizziness • Decrease in mental alertness and urine output • Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) • Insomnia • Loss of appetite • Male erectile dysfunction • More urination at night • Muscle cramps • Muscle twitches Derived from: https://www.kibowbiotech.com/symptoms-kidney-disease/ • Pain on the side or mid lower back • Protein in urine • Sudden change in bodyweight • Unexplained headaches • Metallic taste in mouth • Nausea and vomiting • Shortness of breath • Feeling cold • Trouble concentrating (Better Health, 2016; Hopkins Medicine, 2017; Medical News Today, 2017).
- 4. • Diabetes • High blood pressure • Heart problems • Family history of kidney failure • Obese with a body mass index (BMI) 30 or higher • Illegal substance abuse • Systemic lupus erythematosus • Smoker • People that are 60 years or older • Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander • History of acute kidney injury • Certain toxins (lead, alcohol). Derived from: http://www.thinkadvisor.com/2014/12/09/2015-health-insurance-outlook-7-predictions?page=8 (Australian Government Department of Health, 2016; Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Management in General Practice, 2015; Medical News Today, 2017).
- 5. 42 20 7 6 4 4 3 3 3 Causes of Chronic Kidney DiseaseType 2 Diabetes High Blood Pressure Glomenular Disease Miscellaneous Unknown Type 1 Diabetes Cystic/ Hereditary Nephritis Tumor
- 6. http://www.aihw.gov.au/burden-of-disease/ Burden of Diseases in Australia
- 7. (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2016)
- 8. (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2016)
- 9. http://www.aihw.gov.au/chronic-kidney-disease/prevalence/ 2011- 2012 gender, age and location statistics of CKD
- 11. Long term: • Diabetes • Hypertension • Obstructed urine flow • Kidney Diseases such as • Pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis • Kidney artery stenosis • Certain toxins • Fatal development problem • Systemic lupus erythematosus • Malaria and yellow fever Short and Long term effect: Short term: • Physical burden • Emotional burden • Social burden • Financial cost • Inability to work (Medical News Today, 2017)
- 12. Primary Secondary Quit smoking Reduce weight Regular exercise Controlling dietary e.g. sodium intake Statins medication Stop drinking alcohol Glomerular filtration testing Blood testing Screening Urine examination Surgery (Usherwood, 2017) http://www.racgp.org.au/your-practice/guidelines/national-guide/chronic-kidney-disease-prevention- and-management/
- 15. Refences: • Aihw.gov.au. (2016). Chronic kidney disease (AIHW). [online] Available at: http://www.aihw.gov.au/chronic-kidney-disease/ [Accessed 28 Jul. 2017]. • Betterhealth.vic.gov.au. (2016). Kidney failure. [online] Available at: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/kidney-failure [Accessed 28 Jul. 2017]. • Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Management in General Practice. (2015). 3rd ed. [ebook] Australia: KCAT, pp.5-6. Available at: http://kidney.org.au/cms_uploads/docs/ckd-management-in-gp-handbook-3rd- edition.pdf [Accessed 20 Jul. 2017]. • Health.gov.au. (2016). Department of Health | Chronic kidney disease. [online] Available at: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/chronic-kidney [Accessed 28 Jul. 2017]. • Hopkinsmedicine.org. (2017). Chronic Kidney Disease | Johns Hopkins Medicine Health Library. [online] Available at: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/adult/pediatrics/chronic_kidney_disease_22, ChronicKidneyDisease/ [Accessed 20 Jul. 2017]. • Kidney Health Australia. (2017). Risk factors | Kidney Health Australia. [online] Available at: http://kidney.org.au/your-kidneys/prevent/risk-factors [Accessed 20 Jul. 2017]. • Medical News Today. (2017). Chronic kidney disease: Causes, symptoms, and treatments. [online] Available at: http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/172179.php [Accessed 28 Jul. 2017]. • Usherwood, T. (2017). RACGP - Chronic kidney disease prevention and management. [online] Racgp.org.au. Available at: http://www.racgp.org.au/your-practice/guidelines/national-guide/chronic- kidney-disease-prevention-and-management/ [Accessed 28 Jul. 2017].
Editor's Notes
- CKD is also a slow moving disease (MedicalNewsToday) CKD is often known as a ‘silent disease’, as there is up to 90% of kidney function can be lost before symptoms appear (AIHW).
- The most common symptoms: are blood in urine, high blood pressure, and fatigue
- Diabetes is most common risk factor SLE is when your own bodys immune system attacks the kidneys as the body believes them to be foregin tissue.
- CKD is still significantly increasing growing public health issue (KHA). Responsible for a substantial burdern of illness and premature mortability.
- Fewer then 10 % know that they have CKD 1.5 million Aus are un aware they have CKD 1 in 3 at increased risk 1 in 14000 on dialysis or living with transplant (CKD Management – kidney.org.au)
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- Chronic kidney disease programs and initiatives CKD is addressed at a national level through a range of programs and initiatives to support treatment and management of renal-related problems. Significant funding is also provided to ensure that quality clinical research is conducted into kidney disease, and to maintain national monitoring and surveillance measures. Programs that support management and treatment of kidney disease conditions include: The Medicare Benefits Schedule, which provides subsidies for patient care and includes Medicare items for the planning and management of chronic and terminal conditions. Eligible patients can also be referred by a GP for up to five Medicare subsidised allied health services that are directly related to the treatment of their chronic condition, including CKD. The Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme continues to provide subsidies for medicines used in the treatment of kidney and renal conditions. Significant investments in arthritis research through the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) for research into kidney and renal conditions. Improving the care of patients with multiple and complex chronic disease, including CKD, has also been identified by the NHMRC as a major focus in its 2013-15 Strategic Plan. Additionally, the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) is funded to support national surveillance and monitoring of vascular diseases, which includes CKD, along with diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Funding is also provided to support organ donation (kidneys are the most commonly donated organ) by reducing the financial stress associated with living organ donation by providing a contribution to paid leave. Under this scheme, assistance is paid to a donor at up to the National Minimum Wage for up to six weeks. State and territory governments are responsible for renal dialysis services. http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/chronic-kidney