DNA Replication: It is a unique and complex process that takes place in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Do you know how many chromosomes you have? How does the number of chromosomes in a particular organism remain constant? It is because of the DNA Replication process that takes place during the S-phase (synthetic phase) of the cell division (mitosis or meiosis) in each and every cell. Replication occurs in three major steps: the opening of the double helix and separation of the DNA strands, the priming of the template strand, and the assembly of the new DNA segment. During separation, the two strands of the DNA double helix uncoil at a specific location called the origin. Several enzymes and proteins then work together to prepare, or prime, the strands for duplication. Finally, a special enzyme called DNA polymerase organizes the assembly of the new DNA strands. DNA Replication is a very unique and complex multistep biological process of producing two identical replicas from one original DNA molecule. It occurs in all living organisms (both prokaryotes and eukaryotes) because it forms an essential part of biological inheritance. It requires a number of enzymes, protein factors, and metal ions.

1. DNA
REPLICATION

6. NATURE OF DNA REPLICATION
SEMICONSERVATIVE SEMIDISCONTINUOUS

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