seminar of post natal growth and development

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2. Post Natal Growth And Development
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3. Contents:
Introduction
Factors affecting growth
Mechanism
Theories
Post natal growth
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4. Growth:
Change in any morphological parameter which is
measurable.(Moss)
Development:
Progress towards maturity(todd)
All the naturally occuring unidirectional changes in
the life of an individual from its existence as a single
cell to its eloboration as a multifunctional unit
terminating in death.(Moyers)
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5. Theories Of Growth:
Genetic Theory
Sutural Theory
Cartilagenous Theory
Functional Matrix Theory
Van Limborgh’s Theory
Enlows Expanding ‘V’principal
Enlow’s Couterpart Principal
Neurotropic Process In Orofacial Growth
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6.  Genetic Theory
Van Limborgh’s Theory
Intrinsic genetic factors
Local,general epigenetic
factors
Local,general environmental
factors
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7. Sutural Theory
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8. Cartilaginous Theory(Scott)
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9. Functional matrix theory(Melvin Moss)
Relation between form and fuction
 skeletal unit-microskeletal unit
-macroskeletal
unit(endocranial surface of calvarium)
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11. Enlows Expanding ‘V’principal
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12. Enlow’s Couterpart Principal
Neurotropic Process In Orofacial Growth
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13. Factors affectig physical growth:
Genetic
Nutrition
Socio economis factors
Family size and birth order
Psychological disturbances
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14. Concepts of growth:
Concept of normality
Rhythm of growth(Hooton)
Growth spurts
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15. a) Just before birth
b) One year after birth
c) mixed dentition growth spurt
Boys: 8 to 11 years
Girls: 7 to 9 years
d) Adolescent growth spurt
Boys: 14 to 16 years
Girls: 11 to 13 years
Growth Spurts
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16. Differential Growth:
Scammon’s Curve Of Growth
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18. Methods Of Studying Growth:
Bimetric Tests
Vital Staining(Belchier)
Radio Isotopes
Implants
Radiographic Techniques
Natural Markers
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19. Vital staining:
Madder plants stain red-alizarin
Alizarin red
Acid alizarin blue
Trypton blue
Tetracycline
Lead acetate
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20. Radioisotopes:
Technetium-33
Calcium-45
Potassium-32
Implants:(Bjork):
1.5mm in Length ,0.5mm
in diameter-Tantalum
metal
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21. Natural markers:
Nutrient canals
Lines of arrested growth
Prominent trabeculae
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22. Mechanisms of bone growth:
Bone deposition and resorption
Cortical drift
Displacement-primary displacement
-Secondary displacement
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25. Osteogenesis:
Endochondral Bone Formation
Intra Membranous Bone Formation
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26. Post natal growth of cranial vault
Post natal growth of cranial base
Post natal growth of nasomaxillary complex
Post natal growth of mandible
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27. Post Natal Growth Of Cranial Vault
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28. Increases in size at sutures:
Coronal
Lamboidal
Interparietal
parietosphenoidaaal
Parietotemporal
Height of bone-
Activity of –
Occipital
Temporal
sphenoidal
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29. Percentage of growth:
Birth-63%
6 months-76%
1 year-82%
2 years-87%
3 years-89%
5 years-91%
10 years-95%
15 years-98%
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30. Post Natal Growth Of Cranial Base
Cortical Drift And Remodeling
Elongation At Synchondroses
Sutural Growth
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33. Sutural Growth:
Spheno-frontal
Fronto-temporal
Spheno-ethmoidal
Fronto-ethomoidal
Fronto-zygomatic
Timing of cranial base growth:
Birth-55to60%
4-7years:94%
8-13years-98%
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34. Post Natal Growth Of Nasomaxillary Complex
Displacement
Growth At Sutures
Surface Remodeling
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35. Bone Remodelling At Midfacial Region
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36.  Bone Remodeling Of Palate
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37. Bone Remodeling Of Zygomatic Process
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39. Changes with compensations for passive
motions by primary expansion of orofacial
capsule
Changes in bone morphology-alterations in
volume size shape or spatial position
Bone changes associated-form of bone itself
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40. Post natal growth of mandible:
Ramus
Corpus or the body of the mandile
Angle of the mandible
The lingual tuberosity
The alveolar process
The chin
The condyle
The coronoid process
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41. POST NATAL DEVELOPMENT OF MANDIBLE
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42. Growth of ramus
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43. Growth of corpus or body of the mandible
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44.  Linear tuberosity:
 Deposition-posteriorly and medially
 Resorption –below lingual fossa
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45. Chin :
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46. Coronoid process:
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47. Referrences:
Text book of orthodontics-Bishara.P,samir.E
Craniofacial embryogenetics and development-Sperber
Orthodontics current principles and techniques-graber
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