PSYC 110 All Study Plan, DQs, Midterm, Final
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PSYC 110 Midterm Exam
PSYC 110 Final Exam
PSYC 110 Week 1 Chapter 1 Study Plan
PSYC 110 Week 1 DQ 1 Psychological Research
PSYC 110 Week 1 DQ 2 Biological Foundations
PSYC 110 Week 2 DQ 1 Sensation and Perception
PSYC 110 Week 3 DQ 1 Learning
PSYC 110 Week 3 DQ 2 Memory and Intelligence
PSYC 110 Week 4 DQ 1 Motivation and Emotion

PSYC 110 Week 4 DQ 2 Theories of Personality
PSYC 110 Week 5 DQ 1 Physical, Cognitive and Social Development
PSYC110 Week 6 Chapter 11 Study Plan
PSYC 110 Week 6 DQ 2 Social Psychology
PSYC 110 Week 7 DQ 1 Psychological Disorders
PSYC 110 Week 7 DQ 2 Theories of Therapy
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PSYC 110 Final Exam
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1. (TCOs 1, 2) According to Freud, unconscious urges (Points : 5)
Question 2.2. (TCOs 1, 2) Julie finds that the number of hours she
sleeps each night is related to the scores she receives on quizzes the next
day. As her sleep approaches eight hours, her quiz scores improve; as

her sleep drops to five hours, her quiz scores show a similar decline.
Julie realizes that _____. (Points : 5)
Question 3.3. (TCOs 2, 3) Your teacher asks you to describe the
sequence of parts of a neuron that the impulse travels during neural
conduction. Which of the following sequences will you offer? (Points :
5)
Question 4.4. (TCOs 2, 3) Alice is typing her term paper in the computer
lab. Although a class is going on just a few feet away, she does not seem
to notice. Which part of the brain allows Alice to focus on her typing
and ignore the distractions that surround her? (Points : 5)
Question 5.5. (TCO 4) Which of the following is the primary structure
that allows one to maintain his or her balance? (Points : 5)
Question 6.6. (TCO 4) The best explanation of the moon illusion is
_____. (Points : 5)
Question 7.7. (TCO 5) Which of the following is CORRECT concerning
REM deprivation? (Points : 5)
Question 8.8. (TCO 5) The activation-synthesis hypothesis of dreaming
states that _____. (Points : 5)

Question 9.9. (TCOs 7, 8) In a conditioning experiment, a sound is
paired with a brief puff of air to the eye of the rabbit. After several
pairings, the rabbit ultimately blinks its eye when it hears the sound.
Which of the following is true? (Points : 5)
Question 10.10. (TCOs 7, 8) A young child watches her mother make
pancakes. She wants to please her mother so she pays attention.
However, when she goes to make them on her own, she can’t break the
eggs for the batter without making a terrible mess and dropping them on
the floor, no matter how hard she tries. Her attempt failed because of a
problem with which part of the necessary components for observational
learning? (Points : 5)
Question 11.11. (TCOs 7, 8) “The effectiveness of memory retrieval is
directly related to the similarity of cues present when the memory was
encoded to the cues present when the memory is retrieved.” What
concept does this statement describe? (Points : 5)
Question 12.12. (TCOs 7, 8) Evidence suggests that procedural
memories are stored in the _____. (Points : 5)
Question 13.13. (TCO 8) Which type of thinking is most closely related
to creativity? (Points : 5)

making the usual avoidance or escape response is called _____. (Points :
5)
Question 1.1. (TCO 1) Summarize Erikson’s eight stages of
psychosocial development. Provide an example for each stage that
describes successful resolution of each stage. (Points : 20)
Question 2.2. (TCO 6) Compare and contrast problem-focused coping
and emotion-focused coping. Is one necessarily better than the other?
Can you give an example where either might be useful, stating the
specific way in which each coping skill might be employed? (Points :
15)
Question 3.3. (TCO 13) How do advertisers use the principles of
persuasion as discussed in Chapter 12? Pick a television commercial and
use it as an example of the components of persuasion. (Points : 15)
Question 4.4. (TCO 11) List and describe two anxiety disorders. List the
most relevant symptoms of the disorders that you chose. Describe the
viewpoints of two different psychological models on the cause of
anxiety disorders. (Points : 20)
Question 5.5. (TCO 12) Describe psychoanalysis. Include information
about its theoretical background, how it seeks to help people, its key
concepts, and an evaluation of its effectiveness.(Points : 20)
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PSYC 110 Midterm Exam
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Question 1.1. (TCOs 1, 2) Participants in research early in psychology’s
history might have been asked to view a chair and describe its color,
shape, texture, and other aspects of their conscious experience. These
individuals would have been using a method called (Points : 2)
Question 2.2. (TCO 4) As part of a psychology experiment, Brett
decides to measure a person’s “anxiety” by noting the number of blinks
a person makes in a 20-minute social interaction with a stranger. Brett
appears to have offered a(n) _____ of anxiety. (Points : 2)
Question 3.3. (TCOs 2, 3) Marta was in an automobile accident and
suffered an injury to her brain, resulting in the paralysis of her left arm.
What part of Marta’s brain was injured?(Points : 2)
Question 4.4. (TCOs 2, 3) A group of axons bundled together coated in
myelin that travels together through the body is called a (Points : 2)
Question 5.5. (TCOs 2, 3) _____ synapses make it more likely that a
neuron will send its message to other neurons, whereas _____ synapses
make it less likely that a neuron will send its message. (Points : 2)
Question 6.6. (TCO 4) Which of the following phenomena is a function
of the distribution of the rods and cones in the retina? (Points : 2)

Question 7.7. ( TCO 4) What are the five primary tastes? (Points : 2)
Question 8.8. (TCO 4) Dizziness, nausea, and disorientation may result
if the information from the eyes conflicts a little too much with that from
the vestibular organs, according to the _____ of motion sickness. (Points
: 2)
Question 9.9. (TCO 5) Judith is startled when her 6-year-old daughter,
Laura, sleepwalks into the family room. It is most likely that Laura is
experiencing the _____ stage of the sleep cycle. (Points : 2)
Question 10.10. (TCO 5) A client tells his therapist about a dream of
riding on a train with his boss. At the end of the journey, the boss gets
off the train at a terminal. The content of this dream, as related by the
client to the therapist, is what Freud called its _____. (Points : 2)
Question 11.11. (TCO 5) A student nurse looks at a patient’s chart and
does not understand the meaning of serious sleep apnea, so she asks the
head nurse for assistance. How might the head nurse describe this
condition? (Points : 2)
Question 12.12. (TCOs 7, 8) A child learns that whenever he eats all of
his dinner, he gets a cookie for dessert. This type of learning is BEST
explained by (Points : 2)

Question 3.3. (TCOs 7, 8) Agatha Harkness-Smythe is determined to
ban guns in the United States. This is a controversial topic and social
scientists have debated whether the ownership of guns by citizens
increases or decreases crime. Agatha could go the library and research
this, using the social science literature. Instead, Agatha just reads the
local newspaper and only cuts out articles about robberies where the
“bad guy” used a firearm. Agatha is using a heuristic device that is
impeding or obstructing her thinking. Define this heuristic device. What
might be a better way for her to examine the issue and avoid this
mistake? (Points : 10)
Question 4.4. (TCOs 9, 11 ) What are the pros and cons of trait theories
of personality? (Points : 10)
Question 5.5. (TCOs 7, 8) What is meant by a flashbulb memory?
Describe its characteristics. Give an example that is well-known. Some
psychologists are not impressed by these well-known examples of this
phenomenon. What are some of the criticisms of the idea of flashbulb
memory? (Points : 10)
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Pre Test:

Question 1What did Watson believe about behavior ?
Question 2john Watson believed that phobias
Question 3 the psychological perspective that is associated with
William james is:
Question 4 freud believed that personality was formed;
Question 5 Dr. Edwards wants to show a causal relationship between
tobacco smoking and cance. Dr. Edwards should:
Question 6 A researcher wants to sescribechilren’s normal behavior on
the play ground the best method for this research Is to use
Question 7 Dr. jonas wanted to determine what would happen if were
give food every time completed a maze he believed they would learn to
complete the maze faster this belief is called
Question 8 Mrs. O’connor participated in a study in which she was told
she would try out a new allergy medicine .she was In the group that
received a sugar pill but she believed that the pill did indeed help control
her allergy symptoms. This phenomenon Is known as:
Question 9 When mary took the survey in the mall, she noticed that the
interviewer was wearing an obama button. She answered the questions
more favorably toward obama than she might otherwise have, probably
because:
Question 10 Anna Is 45 years old and is suffering from hot flashes and
extreme moodiness. From a(n)___ perspective, Anna’s symptoms can be
attributed to menopause.
Question 11 Mrs. Lewis participated in a study in which she was given
no treatment for her condition. Mrs.lewis was in the ____group.

Question 12 Sasha sat in the preschool classroom and watched the
children play, writing down how well they interacted with each other.
They children could see that sasha was watching them, so they made an
attempt to be extra well behaved for her. Sasha’s research will be
impacted by:
Question 13 Which of the following illustrates psychology’s goal of
control?
Question 14 A drug company is determining the effects of a treatment
for depression . Neither the researcher nor the participants know who is
getting the treatment and who is given a sugar pill This type of study is
Question 15 Which of the following is a guideline for doing research
with people?
Question 16 Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis:
Question 17 Mary is a psychologist who focuses on the role of the
conscious and unconscious minds. To which perspective does Mary
ascribe?
Question 18 ____ focuses on how people think, remember, store, and
use information.
Question 19 Because psychologists want to be precise and measure as
carefully as they can, they use____ to study psychology.
Question 20 A _____ has a medical degree and is a medical doctor who
specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders.
Question 21 Correlation will tell researchers all of the following
EXCEPT _____ between variables.

Question 22 Researchers who allow their expectations about what they
will see to affect the results of their observation studies are suffering
from.
Question 23 If a correlation coefficient is positive.
Question 24 Experimenters control the effects of extraneous of
confounding upon members of experimental and control groups by
using.
Question 25 Researches use ____ for reducing bias and error in the
measurement of dat.
Post Test:
Question 1 Who was the first female president of the American
Psychological Assocition ?
Question 2 What did Watson believe about behavior ?
Question 3 Experiment control the effects of extraneous or confounding
variable upon members of experimental and control group by using :
Question 4 In a negative correlation:
Question 5 If there is –––––––––inmedical experiment, the control
group will show changes in the dependent variable even if they are
given a harmless substitute rather than a real drug.
Question 6 All of the following statements about surveys are true
EXCEPT :
Question 7 A-------------has a medical degree and is a medical doctor
who specializes in the diagnosis and treatments
Question 8 Because psychologists want to be precise and measures as
carefully as they can, they use--------to study psychology.

Question 9 Mrs.’ Connor participated in a study in which told she
would try out a new allergy medicine. She was in the group that received
in a sugar pill, but she believed that the pill did indeed help control her
allergy symptoms. This Phenomenon is know as:
Question 10 Anna is 45 years old and is suffering from hot flashes and
extreme moodiness. From a (n)––––––––perspective, Anna’s symptoms
can be attributed to menopause.
Question 11 Which research method will allow researchers to determine
the cause of a behavior?
Question 12 Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis:
Question 13 The idea that sexual orientation may be related to the birth
order of male children was posited by researchers in the field of
Question 14 Which of the following is a reason researchers prefer to use
animals is experiments instead of humans?
Question 15 An institutional review board reviews.
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Pretest:

1. A work-related accident left Bob with a paralyzed left arm and an
inability to recognize the left side of his visual field. Bob's
condition is called:
2. If the pancreas secretes too much insulin, it results in a condition
known as:
3. According to the textbook, scientists are investigating the use of stem
cells to:
4. Which sense is the only one that is NOT processed through the
thalamus?
5. When people are walking, raising their hands in class, or smelling a
flower, they are using the:
6. The venom of a black widow spider is an example of
a(n)………………….which mimics or enhances the effects of
neurotransmitters.
7. Which statement most accurately explains the difference in
functioning between the right hemisphere of the brain and the left
hemisphere'?
8. The job of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system
is to: control voluntary muscles.
9. The spinal cord's outer section is made up of…………….and the
inner section is made up of………...
10. The……………is a network of cells that carries information to and
from all parts of the body.
11. The part of the autonomic nervous system known as the "eat-drink-
and-rest" system is the:

12. The………….s composed of the brain and the spinal cord.
13. Neuroplastucuty is:
14. The saclike structures that are found at the end of a neuron's axon
and that contain neurotransmitters are called:
15. When the action potential gets to the end of the axon: the cell dies.
16. A branch of the life sciences that deals with the structure and
functioning of the nervous system is called
17. Neurons fire:
18. Special types of glial cells generate a protective fatty substance
called:
19. When a neuron is at rest, the ions inside the cell are mostly
……………and ion outside the cell are mostly……………..
20. The adrenal glands are located right on top of:
21. The "master gland" that controls or influences all of the other
endocrine glands is the:
22. Dorothy has spinocerebellar degeneration, a condition that is likely
to cause her to have difficulty with:
23. The part of the brain that controls life•sustaining functions, such as
heartbeat, breathing, and swallowing, is the:
24. A functional MRI (fMRI) and a PET scan both:
25. A(n)………………is used to record the activity of the cortex just
below the skull.

Post Test:
1. ...……provides energy for the brain during stress.
2. What is the primary role of the adrenal glands?
4. Which endocrine gland is located in the neck and regulates
metabolism?
6. Why is the cortex so wrinkled?
7. Which area of the brain influences sleep and dreaming?
8. Mr. Phillips is having a test to see if he is suffering from seizures.
Electrodes are attached to his scalp to measure the electrical activity of
the brain. Mr. Phillips is having a(n):
9. Unlike other glands, such as salivary or sweat glands, endocrine
glands:
11. Which of the following is most closely related to the functioning of
the parasympathetic division?
12. If the neurotransmitter affected by an antagonist is inhibitory itself,
the result will be………..in the activity of the cell.
14. The thalamus can be likened to a:
16. Melissa is walking around barefoot and steps on a sharp nail. She
feels the pain and immediately pulls her foot off the ground away from
the nail Which neurons were involved in her response?
26. The first identified neurotransmitter was:

27. In the disease………….,the myelin sheath is destroyed.
29. When neurons fire and transmit messages, they:
30. Special types of glial cells generate a protective fatty substance
called:
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PSYC 110 Week 1 DQ 1 Psychological Research
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The text gives seven major perspectives in modern psychology. These
perspectives are based on observations of how people think, feel, and
act. Select a perspective that you think best explains human behavior
and evaluate it for strengths and weaknesses.
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PSYC 110 Week 1 DQ 2 Biological Foundations
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An ongoing debate continues on the influence of nature and nurture on
human behavior. If you had to argue that either genetics (nature) or
environment (nurture) has the greater impact on human development,
which would you pick and why?
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Pretest:
1. A highly saturated red color would contain
_____________wavelengths.
2. The three aspects to the perception of light are brightness, color, and:
3. What are the three primary colors of light?
4. Which of the following is TRUE about color blindness?
5. Where is the retina located?
6. Rods are visual sensory receptors responsible for:
7. Terry stepped on a nail while walking around barefoot in her yard one
week ago. The spot where the skin was punctured still hurts, reminding
her to take it easy on her foot. The soreness Terry is experiencing is
known as _____________pain.

8. Which of the following statements best explains how the sense of
taste works?
9. The term refers to stimuli that are below the level of conscious
awareness.
10. The tendency of the brain to stop attending to constant, unchanging
information is known as:
11. The ___________isthe lowest level of stimulation that a person can
consciously detect 50 percent of the time the stimulation is present.
12. . ___________can inhibit the transmission of pain signals in the
brain.
13. According to gate-control theory:
14. . Motion sickness can be explained by:
15. Nerve hearing impairment can be helped with the use of:
16. Which mammals have the ability to hear up to 200,000 Hz?
17. People who have difficulty with their hearing are said to be either
totally or partially:
18. In 1996, Lindemann proposed a fifth primary receptor that detects
which type of taste?
19. What is the common name for the taste receptor cells?
20. Which of the following is TRUE about pictorial depth cues?
21. The use of preexisting knowledge to organize individual features
into a unified whole is known as:
22. In Gestalt theories, the principle of closure refers to the tendency to:

23. Which of the following is TRUE about depth perception?
24. __________refers to a rapid series of still pictures that seem to be in
motion.
25. Research suggests that perception may be influenced by all of the
following EXCEPT:
Postest:
1. Which is one of the five basic tastes?
6. The __________ is the lowest level of stimulation that a person
can consciously detect 50
percent of the time the stimulation is present
7. The sense of pain can be diminished by:
10. The best current explanation for how pain works is the:
11. The body's reaction to dizziness with nausea is:
18. The most common cause of conduction hearing impairment is:
19. What portion of the ear serves as a funnel for sound from the
outside world?
24. _________cells have a single dendrite at one end and a single
axon at the other.
29. Why is it that people who live in Western cultures are more
susceptible to the MUller-Lyer
Illusion than those who do not?

30. Artists use the trick of ___________________to give the illusion
of depth in a painting.
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Pretest:
1 Natural cycles of activity that bodies must go through are called:
2 Delta waves are predominant in which stage of sleep?
3 Which of the following is TRUE about night terrors?
4 A person with sleep apnea:
5 Which of the following parts of the body controls the sleep-wake
cycle?
6 Withdrawal is a sign of:
7 Which of the following is NOT true about psychoactive drugs?
8 Which of the following kills the most people in the United States every
year?
9 Opium and its derivatives, morphine and heroin, duplicate the action
of which of the following?

10 Even in mild doses. marijuana negatively affects:
11 Methamphetamine is an example of a:
12 Barbiturates are known as:
13 Calvin Hall concluded that:
14 In the ____________ dreams are less realistic because they come not
from the outside world of reality but from within people's memories and
experiences.
15 The __________ofa dream is the actual dream itself.
16 On Sara's walk to campus one morning, she was thinking about what
a nice day it was, how many people were already on campus. and how
she had to stop by the bookstore on her way to class. Sara was
experiencing:
17 Niles has begun to fall asleep suddenly during the day, sometimes in
inappropriate places. Niles is most likely suffering from:
18 Nightmares are more common in children than in adults because
________.
19 Derek was tying on the couch and had fallen asleep when all of a
sudden his body jerked, and he woke up because he felt like he was
falling. Derek was most likely in which stage of sleep?
20 Debbie's psychoanalyst tells her that the monster in her dream
symbolizes her abusive father He is discussing the dream's:
21 Theodora suffers from an inability to get to sleep and to stay asleep.
Which of the following would help Theodora with her insomnia?
22 Hypnosis is unable to do which of the following?

23 The key to hypnosis seems to be:
24 In Hilgard's theory, the _____remains aware of what is going on
during hypnosis.
25 Mariam takes 20 minutes daily to sit by herself and meditate. A fully
meditative state is a form of:
Postest:
4. ____________ causes dehydration and a rise in body temperature.
11. The ___________ is the internal clock that tells people when to
wake up and when to fall asleep.
14. In studies in which volunteers spend several days without access to
information about day or night, their sleep—wake cycles:
15. A sudden loss of muscle tone is called:
20. The social-cognitive theory of hypnosis assumes that people who are
hypnotized are:
21. If your psychoanalyst tells you that your emergence from a bathtub
in your dream issymbolic of being born, she is talking about your
dream's:
22. While many people take LSD in order to experience its
hallucinogenic qualities, why can this become a dangerous activity?
27. Driving and talking on a cell phone at the same time is an example
of a state of:
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PSYC 110 Week 2 DQ 1 Sensation and Perception

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Sensation and perception are two different processes. Does sensory
stimulus shape our perceptions? Do our perceptions misinterpret our
sensations? How does that happen?
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1) Which of the following would be considered negative reinforcement?
2) A typical use of applied behavior analysis is:
3) After having many cavities fixed as a child, Kyle now has an active
dislike of the dentist's drill. His tendency to become anxious when
hearing a similar-sounding noise is termed:
4) Whenever Vernon comes home too late on a Saturday night, his
parents refuse to give him his weekly allowance. Vernon's parents are
using what technique to modify his behavior?

5) After a lengthy period during which the UCS was not applied, Pavlois
dogs stopped responding to the metronome. If a weaker conditioned
response to the metronome occurred at some point after this, it would be
a demonstration of:
6) This scientist conducted research to establish the theory known as
cognitive perspective.
7) The response that is given to the conditioned stimulus is not usually
quite as strong as the original unconditioned response
___________________.
8) In his classical conditioning experiment, Pavlov's dogs were
conditioned to salivate when they:
9) The cognitive perspective of classical conditioning involves:
10) Changes such as an increase in height or the size of the brain are
called:
11) Further studies that followed KOhler's work with chimpanzees:
12) In his study of rats in mazes, Tolman concluded that the rats in the
group that did not receive reinforcement for solving the maze had:
13) Which of the following individuals believed that cognition was an
important part of behavior?
14) The learning/performance distinction is a kind of:
15) Which psychologist is best known for working with children and a
Bobo doll to study whether aggressive behavior is learned by watching
others be aggressive?
16) The four elements of observational learning are attention, memory,
_________,and_____________.

17) A behavior is more resistant to extinction if it is:
18) One of B. F. Skinner's famous experiments involved:
19) A recent study suggests a link between spanking and:
20) Small steps in behavior that are reinforced, one after the other, to
create a particular goal behavior are known as:
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1) A(n) ___________ amnesic is a memory expert or someone with
exceptional memory ability.
2) Ebbinghaus's ___________showsthat forgetting happens quickly,
within the first hour, and then tapers off gradually.
3) The __________ isthe part of the brain that is responsible for the
formation of new long-term declarative memories.
4) Explicit memory begins to form after about age two ___________.
5) When a memory is being formed, several changes take place in the
brain in a process called:
6) The information-processing model of memory suggests that:

7) The Tower of Hanoi study found that people with anterograde
amnesia:
8) Research on __________ has implications for understanding learning
and attention disorders as well as various dementia-related memory
problems.
9) According to Craik and Lockhart. information that is ___________
will be remembered more effectively and for a longer period of time.
10) One may transfer information from short-term memory (STM) into
long-term memory (LTM) by:
11) Which of the following best describes psychologist John Kihlstrom's
comments when talking about Bartlett's book on memory?
12) In a study discussed in the textbook that researched the effects of
different types of information on memory, subjects viewed a slide
presentation of a traffic accident The actual slide presentation contained
a stop sign, but in a written summary of the presentation, the sign was
referred to as a yield sign What were the results of this study?
13) The fact that everyone remembers that George Washington was the
first president points to the primacy effect as a result of:
14) What is the best way for a person to overcome the tip-of-the-tongue
phenomenon?
15) The idea that memory formation is a simultaneous process is
reflected in the:
16) Psychologists consider memory to be:
17) As opposed to ____________ memories, ______________
memories are easily made conscious.

18) In his 1932 book, Sir Frederic Bartlett wrote that he viewed
memory:
19) Mrs. Tuttle was 97 years old and suffered from forgetfulness and
mental confusion She was probably experiencing:
20) Marcos and his friends enjoy watching football together on Sundays.
After some of the games are over, Marcos tells his friends that he knew
all along who would win the game. Marcos' belief that he could predict
the outcome of some of the games without having been told the winners
in advance is an example of:
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1) The cognitive universalism theory states that:
2) Recent studies support Rosch-Heider's theory of rather than the Sapir-
Whorf hypothesis:
3) The debate over whether animals use real language centers around:
4) The system of rules for combining words and phrases to form
grammatically correct sentences is:
5) Vygotsky believed that:

6) Five-year old Jordan is seeing a speech therapist in his preschool once
a week because he has difficulty saying the are sound in his own name.
When he says his name, people think it sounds like law-dun." From a
language perspective, Jordan is having difficulty with a
specific………..:
7) Even after her girlfriends reported seeing her boyfriend Jeff out at
clubs with other women, Jackie continues to believe her boyfriend and
her friends who say the women are just old neighborhood friends. This is
an example of:
8) An important factor in the formation of prototypes is:
9) Which of the following images is the best example of a prototype for
a fruit?
10) A mental image that is larger and covers more distance:
11) One barrier to innovative problem solving is persisting in using
techniques that have been successful in the past, also known as:
12) A mechanical problem-solving technique is also referred to as:
13) Heuristics could also be called:
14) Creative intelligence is related to:
15) Cultures like that of the Japanese which hold to well-established
cultural traditions. put less value on:
16) Gardner believes that reason, logic, and knowledge are: !tural
traditions, put less value on:
17) often work with individuals who have traumatic brain injury:
18) Wechsler's four index scales are verbal comprehension, perceptual
reasoning, working memory, and:

19) Only differences among people in general can be investigated for the
influence of genes because genes always interact with:
20) If a test does not measure what it's supposed to measure, then it
lacks:
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PSYC 110 Week 3 DQ 1 Learning
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After you have read about the theories of learning, reflect on how you
learned as a child. What methods did your parents use to teach you how
to act? Was it through classical conditioning? What about operant
conditioning and social learning theory? Which theory had the biggest
impact? Why? Give an example and state how it has impacted the
person you are today.
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PSYC 110 Week 3 DQ 2 Memory and Intelligence
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We all seem to want a good memory (What are my coworkers names?
Where did I leave my computer? What day was I supposed to submit
that proposal to my boss?). These might be typical memory issues. After
reading about memory and intelligence, what is your most valuable tip
for the class in improving your ability to remember things?
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PSYC 110 Week 4 DQ 1 Motivation and Emotion
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From your reading, you have seen that there are several theories of
motivation. You may also sense that some of the theories may not
specifically apply to you. Given that introduction, which theory of
motivation is the best fit for describing your behavior?
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PSYC 110 Week 4 DQ 2 Theories of Personality
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Theories of personality are based on observations of how humans
develop behavior patterns. Psychological testing assumes there are
certain fixed aspects of human personality and those aspects can be
identified through standardized measurements. As part of your
application for a position, you may be administered one of these tests to
determine if you are a good fit for the company. The Big Five
personality trait assessment is in your Webliography. Take this
assessment and comment on (1) its accuracy for you and (2) which of
those traits may change over time.
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1) Which of the following is true about reflexes?
2) Vygotsky's __________ isthe difference between what a child can do
alone versus what a child can do with the help of a teacher.
3) The visual cliff experiment showed that babies have:
4) Adolescence refers to the period between:
5) The impulsive and often risky behavior that can still be seen in
adolescence is partially the result of:
6) Down syndrome is:

7) Genes that actively control the expression of a trait are referred to as:
8) A __________ will always be expressed in the observable trait.
9) Humans have a total of __________ chromosomes in each cell of
their bodies.
10) When the mass of cells does not completely split apart, the result is:
11) __________ is a teratogen that may cause blindness.
12) During the embryonic period, the embryo ____________.
13) The placenta begins to form during the _______________ period.
14) The changes that women experience 5 to 10 years prior to
menopause are:
15) Generally speaking, a person experiences the peak of their physical
functioning during their:
16) During the intimacy versus isolation stage, Erikson saw the primary
task to be:
17) Erikson believes that during late adulthood, people engage in a
process called:
18) The first stage in Kubler-Ross's theory is:
19) People who ________ have been found to be far less likely to
develop memory problems in old age.
20) The primary task of individuals facing Erikson's stage of identity
versus role confusion is to:
21) SyMa is a middle-aged woman who volunteers as a youth
coordinator at her church and as a Girl Scout leader She is developing
what Erikson referred to as:

22) A 4 year old watches her father pour liquid from a short, wide glass
into a tall, thin glass. She believes that there is now more liquid in the
tall glass than there was in the short glass. This is known as:
23) Seeing a dog for the first time. Kenetra—whose family owns a cat—
points and says "cat " Piaget would say this is an example of:
24) Games such as "peek-a-boo" are important for infants because they
help babies develop ___________.
25) When Calvin's mother left him with the babysitter, Calvin said,
'Mommy go." This is an example of:
26) Pete and Evelyn are decorating the room for the baby they are
expecting. To ensure that the baby's room provides appropriate
stimulation, the couple seek the advice of a developmental psychologist,
who tells them that newborns prefer to look at:
27) Vygotsky emphasized the importance of social interactions in
cognitive development, whereas ____________ stressed the importance
of the child's interactions with objects.
28) Sixteen year old Esmerelda often drinks several glasses of beer and
then drives herself home. When her parents express worry that her
drinking and driving will lead to an accident. Esmerelda responds, "That
won't happen to me. It only happens to other people." Esmerelda's
thinking reflects:
29) In the study of human development. the term nature refers to:
30) Behavioral genetics is the study of:
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1) The theory proposes that gender identity is acquired as a child
develops a mental pattern for being male or female and then organizes
observed and learned behavior around that mental pattern:
2) The characteristic of possessing the most positive personality
characteristics of males and females regardless of actual sex is called:
3) When compared with traditional males and females, androgynous
people report feeling………..When they are faced with negative life
events:
4) Research has shown that cultures that are more…………and have
high standards of living are more nontraditional in gender role
expectations, while cultures that are more…………and have less wealth
are more traditional in gender role expectations:
5) The term refers to people whose sense of gender identity does not
always match their external appearance or their sex chromosomes:
6) The Lakota word of a woman:
7) Research has shown that when men communicate, they tend to talk
about current events and sports, switch topics frequently, and attempt to
dominate the conversation.This is a……..communication style.
8) What type of culture typically has more traditional ideas about gender
roles and behavior?

9) Men has low self-esteem and anxiety about his ability to perform the
sex act well. His sexual dysfunction probably stems from:
10) All of the following are ways to transmit the HIV virus EXCEPT:
11) Elizabeth is told by her mother that her interest in sex is evil.
Elizabeth can no longer feel pleasure when she has sex. This sexual
dysfunction is attributed to:
12) Which of the following is NOT true of the resolution phase?
13) One of the earliest studies of the impact of biological factors on
sexual orientation found that if the mother experienced severe stress
during the second trimester:
14) Organic factors, psychological factors, and sociocultural factors can
all be causes of:
15) According to your authors, which of the following is the best way to
promote more women entering the STEM (science, technology,
engineering, and mathematics) fields?
16) are sexual organs present at birth and are directly involved in human
reproduction:
17 What happens to make an embryo develop female sex organs?
18) ………….are sexual organs and traits that develop at puberty and
are indirectly involved in human reproduction.
19) The ducts can become female primary sex organs:
20) Which of the following is an example of female primary sex
characteristics?
21) Which of the following is an example of a female secondary sex
characteristic?

22) A sexual condition in which the person either prefers to, or must,
achieve sexual arousal and fulfillment through sexual behavior that is
unusual or not socially acceptable is called:
23) Alfred Kinsey is most known for:
24) According to the Kinsey study percent of males had bisexual
experiences.
25) According to the Janus report, the most common barriers to sexual
activity in adults aged 57 to 85 were:
26) A person's sexual attraction and affection for members of either the
opposite or the same sex is called:
27) A person who is either male or female and is attracted to both sexes
is called:
28) A study has found that homosexual men and heterosexual women
respond similarly to a testosterone-based pheromone that is secreted in
perspiration. what does this tell us about the origin of homosexuality:
29) Ten percent of women in the United States will
develop………during their childbearing years.
30) The most common sexually transmitted infection is:
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PSYC 110 Week 5 DQ 1 Physical, Cognitive and Social
Development

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Human development is a process in which there are various cognitive,
physical, social, and emotional milestones from conception to death, all
of which require mastery. Our discussion begins with an exploration of
physical development. All stages are essential for development,
however, if you had to rank the importance of these physical stages,
which would you rank as most important? Please provide an explanation
to support your answer.
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1) According to psychologist Richard Lazarus, the cognitive-mediational
theory suggests that:
2) During the ___________ stage of the general adaptation syndrome,
the adrenal glands release hormones that increase heart rate, blood
pressure, and the supply of blood sugar.
3) A person dealing with acculturative stress by choosing to maintain a
sense of the original culture's identity while also trying to form a
positive relationship with members of the majority culture is using the
________ method.

4) According to the general adaptation syndrome, when a body first
reacts to a stressor during the alarm stage, the body activates the
___________ system, causing increase in heart rate, blood pressure, and
supply of blood sugar.
5) Endocrinologist Hans Selye's three stages of the body's physiological
reaction to stress are called the:
6) Stress has been linked to heart disease in part because the
__________ is not activated when the sympathetic nervous system is
aroused, and therefore it does not clear the fat and cholesterol from the
blood stream, leading to clogged arteries.
7) The phases of the general adaptation syndrome are alarm, resistance,
and:
8) Two economically-based social factors discussed in the text that
create stressful living conditions are poverty and:
9) According to Lazarus's cognitive appraisal approach, the first step in
appraising a stressor is called _______ appraisal.
10) Which of the following activities is associated with a rise in immune
system functioning?
11) When Ravi found out that he didn't get a high enough grade on his
final for an A in his psychology course, he experienced stress from:
12) Which of the following describes a person with a Type C
personality?
13) More than anything else, Kendra wants to be the lead singer in a
rock band and become famous. However, during her singing lessons, her
music teacher told her that her voice is flat and she has no future as a
singer. This is an example of:

14) Religion is associated with all of the following EXCEPT:
15) Which of the following is NOT true regarding optimists?
16) Howard was upset that he got a B in Biology, but he felt better
knowing that he had improved over his previous grade and that he could
work hard to get an A on the next exam. Howard was using __________
to help himself feel better.
17) Claire's boss scolded her in front of her coworkers in a meeting.
When she got home, she started a fight with her roommate. What form
of coping with this frustration did Claire demonstrate?
18) If Tom has been adapting to a stressor and is now experiencing
fatigue due to prolonged muscle tension, according to psychologist
Selye, Tom is in the ______stage.
19) Stress has been shown to:
20) __________ strategies are actions people can take to master,
tolerate, reduce, or minimize the effects of stress.
21) When it is not possible to change or eliminate a stressor, the best
emotion-focused way to cope is:
22) Concentrative meditation:
23) Drug abuse, as a reaction to a source of frustration, is a form of:
24) Adults find the hassle of ___________ to be the greatest source of
stress.
25) ___________ isthe term used to describe the physical, emotional,
cognitive, and behavioral responses to events that are appraised as
threatening or challenging.

26) According to the Social Readjustment Rating Scale, what life event
causes the highest number of "life change units"?
27) Holmes and Rahe's Social Readjustment Rating Scale focuses on:
28) Which of the following is a typical first response to a source of
frustration?
29) Miller and Rahe found that overall stress associated with many of
the items on the Social Readjustment Rating Scale had _________ from
the original 1967 ratings.
30) Stress-causing events are called:
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1) A person tries to change the belief, opinion, or course of action of
another person through:
2) According to the __________ people either expand on what they
hear or they pay attention to the surface characteristics of persuasive
messages.
3) Studies have found that the _______ is particularly active when
people have made a decision that reduces dissonance and then acted on
that decision.

4) Which of the following statements best describes attitudes?
5) The fundamental attribution error is less likely:
6) Some research suggests that _______isone of the main factors that
influence people's choices for selecting people they want to know better.
7) In one study, college students liked another student simply because
they were told that the other student liked them. This is an example of
which rule of attraction?
8) In Sternberg's theory , ________ the physical aspects of love.
9) In order to teach her second grade students about ________,teacher
Jane Elliot created in-groups and out-groups based on the superficial
characteristic of eye color.
10) The formation of in-groups and out-groups:
11) Scapegoats are:
12) The "jigsaw classroom":
13) Strategies for overcoming prejudice include:
14) The sadistic behavior of the "guards" in Philip Zimbardo's Stanford
Prison Study:
15) ____________ occurs when a person fails to take responsibility for
action or inaction because of the presence of other people who are seen
to share the responsibility.
16) As we interact with others on a daily basis, our behavior, feelings,
and thoughts are often guided by:
17) In Solomon Asch's study, confederates were instructed to:

18) The war in Iraq, the design of the ship Titanic, and the Challenger
disaster are all given in the textbook as examples of:
19) In his experiment on conformity, Asch found that:
20) Research on conformity suggests that if a __________response is
required, _______ show more conformity than __________.
21) The door-in-the-face technique involves:
22) A person demanding _______ has power or authority to command a
behavioral change, rather than just ask for a change.
23) Julie is a psychologist involved in figuring out how to get people to
purchase a certain brand of computer. Julie is involved in:
24) Justin walks into the morning meeting 15 minutes late. His boss,
Marco, assumes that traffic was bad this morning. Marco is using an
example of:
25) The presence of others heavily influences helping behavior when a
situation is:
26) Harry's friend Logan studies a lot, so Harry assumes that Logan is
smart. Harry's belief is based on:
28) When parents tell their children that smoking cigarettes is dangerous
and unhealthy, and the children develop negative attitudes toward
smoking, this is an example of:
29) Shawn and Tanya start talking after they've ridden on the dorm
elevator several times together. This is an example of which rule of
attraction?
30) Jackie is assigned to a group project. It is in her best subject, and she
finds the material easy. Jackie will probably experience:

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PSYC 110 Week 6 DQ 2 Social Psychology
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Why is it that some people will blame others for their misfortunes yet
excuse themselves of responsibility when they fail? Explain the
fundamental attribution error and the self-serving bias and offer some
suggestions as to how to avoid those errors.
perience:
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1) The term……….means that the person is unable to distinguish
between reality and fantasy and expenences disturbances in thinking,
emotions, and behavior

2) Negative symptoms of schizophrenia appear to reflect a decrease of
normal functions such as:
3) An individual who uses……takes one negative event and interprets it
as a never-ending pattern of defeat.
4) ………..is when a person believes that his or her behavior must be
perfect or the result will be a total failure:
5) This is apparent when there is a sudden onset of intense alarm in
which there can be multiple physical symptoms of stress occurring.
6) The most dominant symptom of a(n)……….disorder is excessive or
unrealistic worrying and fearfulness.
7) A woman who was assaulted cannot recall the experience itself and
also cannot recall anything that happened in the two weeks following the
event. She remembers everything leading up to the event. The woman is
suffering from:
8) Researchers investigating ways to help people reduce their experience
of test anxiety have found that………(imagining a person who is
successful at a related task) lowered the relationship between test
anxiety and test performance.
9) Scott experiences vast mood swings ranging from depression on one
end of the spectrum to episodes when he feels euphoric and has so much
energy that he can't sleep. Scott is suffering from:
10) A child who witnessed the death of his mother experiences
symptoms of anxiety, dissociation, nightmares, poor sleep, reliving the
event, and concentration problems as late as three years after the event.
The child is suffering from:

11) Maria is a college student and is generally anxious. She cannot
identify any one thing in particular that is bothersome, but feels anxious
most of the time. Maria is exhibiting:
12) ………………, such as hearing voices or seeing things that aren't
really there, are not uncommon in someone diagnosed with
schizophrenia.
13) A man with a paralyzing fear of heights has become unable to go
upstairs or ride in an elevator. This is an example of:
14) Research has found that lower levels of dopamine produced by
the…………are associated with attention deficits and poor organization
of thought, two negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
15) Criteria such as behavior going against social norms, behavior that
causes subjective discomfort, maladaptive behavior that causes an
inability to function, and behavior causing a person to be dangerous to
self or others are all indications of a:
16) Cognitive psychologists believe abnormal behavior is the result of:
17) The……….model explains disordered behavior as the result of
repressing one's threatening thoughts, memories, and concerns in the
unconscious mind.
18) A person who finds it difficult to function on a day-to-day basis may
be displaying………… behaviors.
19) The study of abnormal behavior is called:
20) Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are ailments most often found
in Western society, and are therefore called:

21) In the………….model, abnormal behavior is seen as the result of the
combined and interacting forces of biological, psychological, social, and
cultural influences.
22) Bulimia nervosa is a condition in which a person develops a cycle of
binging on enormous amounts of food and then using inappropriate
methods to avoid weight gain. What causes a person to binge when he or
she is so worried about weight gain?
23) The……….theory explains dissociative disorders as the result of
"thought avoidance" to avoid or decrease the pain of guilt, shame, or
anxiety produced from disturbing thoughts and experiences.
24) The current name for what was once called multiple
personality disorder is:
25) The DSM-5 contains all of the following EXCEPT:
26) The frequency of………..personality disorder is nearly three times
greater in women than in men.
27) One of the most researched and well-known personality disorders
is………….personality disorder. These individuals are literally "against
society:
28) Severe sadness that comes on suddenly, and is either (a) too severe
for the circumstances or (b) exists without any external cause, is called:
29) ……….is the most commonly diagnosed mood disorder.
30) Researchers have found a small correlation between attention-deficit
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the onset of…………..in
adolescence.
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1) Dr. Stevens is treating a client with depression. During their sessions
together, Dr. Stevens focuses on the client's relationships with friends,
family, and coworkers, as well as how the everyday events of the client's
life affect his mood. Dr. Stevens is using _________to treat his client.
2) Daniel failed a math test. Upon receiving his grade, Daniel believed
that he must be bad at math and therefore would fail the class, be unable
to get into college, and would have to work in fast food for the rest of his
life. Daniel is exhibiting:
3) Joy earns a gumball sticker for every chore she completes. She puts
the stickers on her gumball chart. When the gumball chart is filled, Joy
gets to choose a prize out of the prize box. Joy's parents are using:
4) One of the criticisms of cognitive and cognitive behavioral therapies
is that:
5) While treating a child with a fear of swimming, the therapist first
approaches the water, then touches the water, then stands in the water
waist•deep, and finally floats in the water. The therapist then repeats the
steps with the child. This is an example of:
6) In behavior therapy, the reduction of the undesired behavior is:

7) __________ is an insight therapy that emphasizes revealing the
unconscious conflicts, urges, and desires that are assumed to cause
disordered emotions and behavior.
8) _________ is a technique in which the patient is encouraged to talk
about anything that comes to mind without fear of negative evaluations.
9) An insight therapy that emphasizes revealing unconscious conflicts.
urges. and desires that may be causing mental disorders is called:
10) The method of free association was developed by:
11) Distortions of thinking in which a person blows a negative event out
of proportion to its importance while ignoring relevant positive events is
called:
12) One of the goals of ________ is to use action-based therapies to
change the way clients think from irrational, self-defeating thoughts to
more rational, self-helping, positive thoughts.
13) In ________,no one person is seen as the problem.
14) According to humanistic therapists, the ideal self and the real self
should match as closely as possible. This is achieved through:
15) A therapy style in which the therapist acts primarily as a sounding
board is called _____ therapy.
16) A therapy technique in which the therapist restates what the client
says rather than interpreting the statements is known as:
17) Which of the following therapists would use leading questions and
planned experiences, such as confronting clients about their own
statements, in therapy sessions?
18) ____________ therapies are action based rather than insight based.

19) A technique in which the person is rapidly and intensely exposed to
fear-provoking situations or objects and prevented from making the
usual avoidance or escape response is:
20) _________-can be useful to treat disorders such as phobias,
obsessive•ompulsive disorder, and anxiety disorders by pairing a
stimulus that normally causes an unwanted response with a neutral one,
eventually creating desirable involuntary reactions.
21) A more recent version of behavior modification is known as
_________.
22) Who undertook one of the earliest studies into the question of
whether psychotherapy really works?
23) Electroconvulsive therapy is still used to treat:
24) _________ drugs are used to treat symptoms such as delusions,
hallucinations, and other bizarre behavior.
25) The first efforts to treat the mentally ill with kindness and guidance
are known as:
26) Using methods such as drugs, surgical procedures, electric shock
treatments, and noninvasive stimulation techniques to treat
psychological disorders is a form of:
27) The word _________ means "a place of safety."
28) The goal of most psychotherapy is:
29) The main goal of _________ therapy is to change disordered or
inappropriate behavior directly.
30) Early treatments such as bloodletting, beatings, ice baths, and
induced vomiting were all methods used to:

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PSYC 110 Week 7 DQ 1 Psychological Disorders
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Despite the best efforts of psychologists, psychiatrists, and medical
researchers, psychological disorders appear to be as prevalent today as
they ever were—if not more so. What might be the cause of this
phenomenon? Inadequate genetic makeup? Inadequate parenting?
Inadequate social structures? What is different in our culture today than
in previous generations? Please provide support for your opinion.
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Here are the study plans for PSYC 110 Week 1:Chapter 1 Study Plan1. Read Chapter 1 of the textbook2. Take notes on the key topics: - History and approaches of psychology - Scientific method - Research methods (observation, surveys, experiments) - Ethics in research3. Review your notes and identify any areas you need clarification on4. Research any topics you need more information on using additional sources5. Complete the Chapter 1 practice quiz on the publisher's website or in your textbook6. Review any questions you got wrong and update your notesChapter 2 Study Plan 1. Read Chapter 22. Take notes on the key topics

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