The document provides examples of generating HTML pages using Ring's web library functions and objects. It demonstrates creating basic pages with text, images, forms, tables, lists and more. It also shows how to integrate the Bootstrap CSS framework using both functions and objects. Finally, it provides an example of a CRUD application using the MVC pattern with Ring's data library to manage a user registration and login system.
The Ring programming language version 1.4 book - Part 12 of 30
1. Ring Documentation, Release 1.4
44.11 HTML Special Characters
The text() function display HTML special characters.
If you want to write html code, use the html() function.
44.11. HTML Special Characters 308
5. Ring Documentation, Release 1.4
44.14 HTML Lists
The next example print a list contains numbers from 1 to 10
Then print a list from Ring List.
Finally we have a list of buttons and when we press on a button we get a message contains the clicked button number.
To start the list we uses the ulstart() function.
To end the list we uses the ulend() function.
We uses listart() and liend() to determine the list item.
#!c:ringbinring.exe -cgi
Load "weblib.ring"
Import System.Web
Func Main
New Page
{
ulstart([])
for x = 1 to 10
listart([])
text(x)
liend()
next
ulend()
list2ul(["one","two","three","four","five"])
ulstart([])
for x = 1 to 10
listart([])
44.14. HTML Lists 312
6. Ring Documentation, Release 1.4
cFuncName = "btn"+x+"()"
button([ :onclick = cFuncName , :value = x])
script(scriptfuncalert(cFuncName,string(x)))
liend()
next
ulend()
}
Screen Shot:
44.14. HTML Lists 313
7. Ring Documentation, Release 1.4
44.15 HTML Tables
In this example we will learn how to generate HTML tables using the tablestart(), tableend(), rowstart(), rowend()
,headerstart(), headerend(), cellstart() and cellend() functions.
#!c:ringbinring.exe -cgi
Load "weblib.ring"
Import System.Web
Func Main
New Page
{
divstart([ :style = styledivcenter("400px","500px") ] )
style(styletable() + styletablerows("t01"))
tablestart([ :id = :t01 , :style = stylewidth("100%") ])
rowstart([])
headerstart([]) text("Number") headerend()
headerstart([]) text("square") headerend()
rowend()
for x = 1 to 10
rowstart([])
cellstart([]) text(x) cellend()
cellstart([]) text(x*x) cellend()
rowend()
next
tableend()
divend()
}
Screen Shot:
44.15. HTML Tables 314
8. Ring Documentation, Release 1.4
44.16 Gradient
In this example we will learn how to use the StyleGradient() function.
The function takes the style number as input (range from 1 to 60).
#!c:ringbinring.exe -cgi
Load "weblib.ring"
Import System.Web
Func Main
New Page
{
boxstart()
text("StyleGradient() Function")
boxend()
for x = 1 to 60
divstart([ :id = x , :align = "center" ,
:style = stylefloatleft() +
stylesize(string(100/60*6)+"%","50px") +
stylegradient(x) ])
h3(x)
divend()
next
}
Screen Shot:
44.16. Gradient 315
9. Ring Documentation, Release 1.4
44.17 Generating Pages using Objects
Instead of using functions/methods to generate HTML pages, we can use an object for each element in the page.
This choice means more beautiful code but slower.
The fastest method is to print HTML code directly, then using functions then using templates then using objects
(slower).
#!c:ringbinring.exe -cgi
Load "weblib.ring"
Import System.Web
Func Main
WebPage()
{
Title = "Using objects to create the Web Page content"
h1 { text("welcome") }
link
{
Title = "Google"
Link = "http://www.google.com"
}
div
{
id = "div1"
style = stylegradient(30) + stylesize("50%","50%")
text("Outer Div")
div
{
id = "div2"
color = "white"
backgroundcolor = "green"
width = "50%"
height = "50%"
marginleft = "5%"
margintop = "5%"
text("Inner Div")
}
}
div
{
id = "div3"
color = "black"
backgroundcolor = "silver"
width = "100%"
height = "100%"
text("Form")
form
{
method = "POST"
Action = "helloworld.ring"
Table
{
style = stylewidth("100%") + stylegradient(24)
TR
{
TD { WIDTH="10%" text("Name : " ) }
44.17. Generating Pages using Objects 316
13. Ring Documentation, Release 1.4
44.18 Using Bootstrap Library using Functions
The next example uses the Bootstrap JavaScript Library when generating the HTML page.
#!c:ringbinring.exe -cgi
Load "weblib.ring"
Import System.Web
Func Main
new BootstrapPage {
divstart([ :class = "container" ])
divstart([ :class = "jumbotron" ])
h1("Bootstrap Page")
divend()
44.18. Using Bootstrap Library using Functions 320
14. Ring Documentation, Release 1.4
divstart([ :class = :row ])
divstart([ :class = "col-sm-4" ])
h3("Welcome to the Ring programming language")
p([ :text = "Using a scripting language is very fun!" ])
divend()
divstart([ :class = "col-sm-4" ])
h3("Welcome to the Ring programming language")
p([ :text = "using a scripting language is very fun!" ])
divend()
divstart([ :class = "col-sm-4" ])
h3("Welcome to the Ring programming language")
p([ :text = "using a scripting language is very fun!" ])
divend()
divend()
divend()
}
Screen Shot:
44.19 Using Bootstrap Library using Objects
The next example uses the Bootstrap JavaScript Library when generating the HTML page.
Instead of using functions to generate the HTML elements, we will use objects.
#!c:ringbinring.exe -cgi
Load "weblib.ring"
Import System.Web
Func Main
44.19. Using Bootstrap Library using Objects 321
15. Ring Documentation, Release 1.4
BootStrapWebPage()
{
div
{
classname = :container
div
{
classname = :jumbotron
H1 { text("Bootstrap Page") }
}
div
{
classname = :row
for x = 1 to 3
div
{
classname = "col-sm-4"
H3 { html("Welcome to the Ring programming language") }
P { html("Using a scripting language is very fun!") }
}
next
}
div
{
classname = :row
div
{
classname = "col-sm-4"
Button
{
classname = "btn btn-info btn-lg"
datatoggle= "modal"
datatarget = "#myModal"
text("Open Large Modal")
}
}
div
{
classname = "col-sm-4"
Button { classname = "btn btn-default btn-lg" text("default") }
Button { classname = "btn btn-primary btn-md" text("primary") }
Button { classname = "btn btn-sucess btn-sm" text("sucess") }
Button { classname = "btn btn-info btn-xs" text("info") }
Button { classname = "btn btn-warning" text("warning") }
Button { classname = "btn btn-danger" text("danger") }
Button { classname = "btn btn-link" text("link") }
}
div
{
classname = "col-sm-4"
Button { classname = "btn btn-default btn-block" text("default") }
Button { classname = "btn btn-primary btn-block" text("primary") }
Button { classname = "btn btn-sucess btn-block" text("sucess") }
Button { classname = "btn btn-info btn-block" text("info") }
Button { classname = "btn btn-warning btn-block" text("warning") }
Button { classname = "btn btn-danger btn-block" text("danger") }
Button { classname = "btn btn-link btn-block" text("link") }
}
44.19. Using Bootstrap Library using Objects 322
16. Ring Documentation, Release 1.4
div
{
classname = "col-sm-4"
div { classname = "btn-group"
button { classname="btn btn-primary" text("one") }
button { classname="btn btn-primary" text("two") }
button { classname="btn btn-primary" text("three") }
}
}
div
{
classname = "col-sm-4"
div { classname = "btn-group btn-group-lg"
button { classname="btn btn-primary" text("one") }
button { classname="btn btn-primary" text("two") }
button { classname="btn btn-primary" text("three") }
}
}
div
{
classname = "col-sm-4"
div {
classname = "btn-group-vertical btn-group-lg"
button { classname="btn btn-primary" text("one") }
button { classname="btn btn-primary" text("two") }
button { classname="btn btn-primary" text("three") }
}
}
}
div { classname="modal fade" id="myModal" role="dialog"
div { classname = "modal-dialog modal-lg"
div { classname="modal-content"
div { classname="modal-header"
button { classname="close" datadismiss="modal"
html("×")
}
h4 { classname="modal-title"
text("Modal Header")
}
}
div { classname = "modal-body"
p { text("This is a large model.") }
}
div { classname="modal-footer"
button { classname = "btn btn-default" datadismiss="modal"
text("close")
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
Screen Shot:
44.19. Using Bootstrap Library using Objects 323
17. Ring Documentation, Release 1.4
44.20 CRUD Example using MVC
The next example uses the weblib.ring & datalib.ring.
The datalib.ring contains classes for creating database applications using MVC pattern.
In this example we create an object from the SalaryController class then call the Routing method.
We define the website variable to contains the basic url of the page.
When we create the SalaryModel class from the ModelBase class, the salary table will be opened and the columns
data will be defined as attributes in the model class.
The SalaryView class create an object from the SalaryLanguageEnglish class to be used for translation.
The method AddFuncScript is used to call the form for adding/modifying record data.
The method FormViewContent is used to determine the controls in the form when we add or modify a record.
#!c:ringbinring.exe -cgi
Load "weblib.ring"
Load "datalib.ring"
Import System.Web
website = "ex24.ring"
New SalaryController { Routing() }
44.20. CRUD Example using MVC 324
18. Ring Documentation, Release 1.4
Class SalaryModel from ModelBase
Class SalaryController From ControllerBase
Class SalaryView From ViewBase
oLanguage = new SalaryLanguageEnglish
Func AddFuncScript oPage,oController
return oPage.scriptfuncajax("myadd",oController.cMainURL+
oController.cOperation+"=add","mysubpage")
Func FormViewContent oController,oTranslation,oPage
return [
[ oTranslation.aColumnsTitles[2], "textbox", "name",
oController.oModel.Name, oPage.stylewidth("100%") ],
[ oTranslation.aColumnsTitles[3], "textbox", "salary",
oController.oModel.Salary, oPage.stylewidth("50%") ]
]
Class SalaryLanguageEnglish
cTitle = "Salary Table"
cBack = "back"
aColumnsTitles = ["ID","Name","Salary"]
cOptions = "Options"
cSearch = "Search"
comboitems = ["Select Option...","Edit","Delete"]
cAddRecord = "Add Record"
cEditRecord = "Edit Record"
cRecordDeleted = "Record Deleted!"
aMovePages = ["First","Prev","Next","Last"]
cPage = "Page"
cOf = "of"
cRecordsCount = "Records Count"
cSave = "Save"
temp = new page
cTextAlign = temp.StyleTextRight()
cNoRecords = "No records!"
Screen Shot:
44.20. CRUD Example using MVC 325
19. Ring Documentation, Release 1.4
44.21 Users registration and Login
We have the users classes (Model, View & Controller) to deal with the users data like username & email.
The next code is stored in ex25_users.ring
Class UsersModel from ModelBase
cSearchColumn = "username"
Class UsersController From ControllerBase
44.21. Users registration and Login 326
20. Ring Documentation, Release 1.4
aColumnsNames = ["id","username","email"]
Func UpdateRecord
oModel.id = aPageVars[cRecID]
oModel.updatecolumn("username", aPageVars[:username] )
oModel.updatecolumn("email", aPageVars[:email] )
oView.UpdateView(self)
Class UsersView from ViewBase
oLanguage = new UsersLanguageEnglish
Func AddFuncScript oPage,oController
return oPage.scriptfunc("myadd",oPage.scriptredirection("ex26.ring"))
Func FormViewContent oController,oTranslation,oPage
return [
[oTranslation.aColumnsTitles[2],"textbox","username",
oController.oModel.UserName,oPage.stylewidth("100%")],
[oTranslation.aColumnsTitles[3],"textbox","email",
oController.oModel.Email,oPage.stylewidth("50%")]
]
Class UsersLanguageEnglish
cTitle = "Users Table"
cBack = "back"
aColumnsTitles = ["ID","User Name","Email"]
cOptions = "Options"
cSearch = "Search"
comboitems = ["Select Option...","Edit","Delete"]
cAddRecord = "Add Record"
cEditRecord = "Edit Record"
cRecordDeleted = "Record Deleted!"
aMovePages = ["First","Prev","Next","Last"]
cPage = "Page"
cOf = "of"
cRecordsCount = "Records Count"
cSave = "Save"
temp = new page
cTextAlign = temp.StyleTextRight()
cNoRecords = "No records!"
In the file ex25.ring we load ex25_users.ring then create an object from UsersController class.
Using the created object, we call the routing method.
#!c:ringbinring.exe -cgi
Load "weblib.ring"
Load "datalib.ring"
Load "ex25_users.ring"
Import System.Web
website = "ex25.ring"
New UsersController { Routing() }
Screen Shot:
44.21. Users registration and Login 327
25. Ring Documentation, Release 1.4
oUser = new UsersModel
oUser.Connect()
lResult = oUser.FindWith("username",aPageVars["username"])
new page {
if lResult
if sha256(aPagevars["password"]+oUser.Salt) = oUser.pwhash
text ("Correct Password!")
aPageVars["sessionid"] = str2hex(randbytes(32))
oUser.UpdateColumn("sessionid",aPageVars["sessionid"])
cookie("sessionid",aPageVars["sessionid"])
else
text ("Bad password!")
ok
else
text("Bad User Name!")
ok
}
oUser.Disconnect()
The next code for checking if the user needs to login or not
#!c:ringbinring.exe -cgi
Load "weblib.ring"
Load "datalib.ring"
Load "ex25_users.ring"
Import System.Web
oUser = new UsersModel
oUser.Connect()
lResult = oUser.FindWith("sessionid",aPageVars["sessionid"])
new page {
if lResult
text("User Name : " + oUser.username )
else
text("Please Login First!")
ok
}
oUser.Disconnect()
44.22 Database, ModelBase & ControllerBase classes
In this section we will see some code from datalib.ring
The next code presents the Database, ModelBase & ControllerBase classes
Import System.Web
Class Database
cServer = "localhost"
cUserName = "root"
cPassword = "root"
cDatabase = "mahdb"
Func Connect
44.22. Database, ModelBase & ControllerBase classes 332
26. Ring Documentation, Release 1.4
con = mysql_init()
mysql_connect(con, cServer, cUserName, cPassWord,cDatabase)
Func Disconnect
mysql_close(con)
Func Query cQuery
mysql_query(con,cQuery)
Func QueryResult
return mysql_result(con)
Func QueryResultWithColumns
# return columns names + query result
return mysql_result2(con)
Func QueryValue
aResult = mysql_result(con)
if islist(aResult) and len(aResult) >= 1
aResult = aResult[1]
if len(aResult) >= 1
return aResult[1]
ok
ok
return 0
Func EscapeString x
if isstring(x)
return MySQL_Escape_String(con,x)
else
return MySQL_Escape_String(con,string(x))
ok
Private
con = NULL
Class ModelBase from Database
cTableName = ""
cSearchColumn = "name"
aColumns = []
aQueryResult = []
ID = 0
# set table name from class name
classname = lower(classname(self))
if right(classname,5) = :model
cTablename = left(classname,len(classname)-5)
ok
Func Insert
cValues = ""
for x in aColumns
cValues += "'" + EscapeString(aPageVars[x]) + "',"
44.22. Database, ModelBase & ControllerBase classes 333
27. Ring Documentation, Release 1.4
Next
cValues = left(cValues,len(cValues)-1) # remove last comma
cColumns = ""
for x in aColumns
cColumns += x + ","
next
cColumns = left(cColumns,len(cColumns)-1)
query("insert into " + cTableName + "("+cColumns+") values (" +
cValues + ")" )
Func Update nID
cStr = ""
for x in aColumns
cStr += x + " = '" + EscapeString(aPageVars[x]) + "' , "
# the space after comma is necessary
Next
cStr = left(cStr,len(cStr)-2)
query("update " + cTableName + " set " + cStr + " where id = " + nID )
Func UpdateColumn cColumn,cValue
query("update " + cTableName + " set " + cColumn + " = '" +
EscapeString(cValue) + "' where id = " + self.ID )
Func Count cValue
query("SELECT count(*) FROM " + cTableName +
" where "+cSearchColumn+" like '" + EscapeString(cValue) + "%'")
return queryValue()
Func Read nStart,nRecordsPerPage
query("SELECT * FROM "+ cTableName+" limit " + EscapeString(nStart) + "," +
EscapeString(nRecordsPerPage) )
aQueryResult = queryResult()
Func Search cValue,nStart,nRecordsPerPage
query("SELECT * FROM "+ cTableName+" where "+cSearchColumn+" like '" +
EscapeString(cValue) + "%'" +
" limit " + EscapeString(nStart) + "," + EscapeString(nRecordsPerPage) )
aQueryResult = queryResult()
Func Find nID
query("select * from " + cTableName + " where id = " + EscapeString(nID) )
aResult = queryResult()[1]
# move the result from the array to the object attributes
ID = nID
cCode = ""
for x = 2 to len(aResult)
cCode += aColumns[x-1] + " = hex2str('" + str2hex(aResult[x]) + "')" + nl
next
eval(cCode)
Func FindWith cColumn,cValue
44.22. Database, ModelBase & ControllerBase classes 334
28. Ring Documentation, Release 1.4
query("select * from " + cTableName + " where "+cColumn+" = '" +
EscapeString(cValue) + "'" )
aResult = queryResult()
if len(aResult) > 0
aResult = aResult[1]
else
return 0
ok
# move the result from the array to the object attributes
ID = aResult[1]
cCode = ""
for x = 2 to len(aResult)
cCode += aColumns[x-1] + " = hex2str('" + str2hex(aResult[x]) + "')" + nl
next
eval(cCode)
return 1
Func Delete ID
query("delete from " + cTableName + " where id = " + EscapeString(ID) )
Func Clear
cCode = ""
for x in aColumns
cCode += x + ' = ""' + nl
next
eval(cCode)
Func LoadModel
# create the columns array
query("SELECT * FROM "+ cTableName + " limit 0,1")
aQueryResult = QueryResultWithColumns()[1]
for x = 2 to len(aQueryResult)
aColumns + lower(trim(aQueryResult[x]))
next
# create attribute for each column
for x in aColumns
addattribute(self,x)
next
Func Connect
Super.Connect()
if nLoadModel = 0
nLoadModel = 1
LoadModel()
ok
private
nLoadModel = 0
Class ControllerBase
44.22. Database, ModelBase & ControllerBase classes 335
29. Ring Documentation, Release 1.4
nRecordsPerPage = 5
nRecordsCount = 0
nPagesCount = 0
nActivePage = 0
# Dynamic creation of oView = new tablenameView and oModel = new tablename.Model
classname = lower(classname(self))
if right(classname,10) = :controller
tablename = left(classname,len(classname)-10)
cCode = "oView = new " + tablename+"View" + nl
cCode += "oModel = new " + tablename+"Model" + nl
eval(cCode)
oModel.connect()
ok
cSearchName = "searchname"
cPart = "part"
cPageError = "The page number is not correct"
cLast = "last"
cOperation = "operation"
cRecID = "recid"
aColumnsNames = ["id"]
for t in oModel.aColumns
aColumnsNames + t
next
cMainURL = website + "?"
func Routing
switch aPageVars[cOperation]
on NULL showtable()
on :add addrecord()
on :save saverecord()
on :delete deleterecord()
on :edit editrecord()
on :update updaterecord()
off
func ShowTable
nRecordsCount = oModel.Count( aPageVars[cSearchName] )
nPagesCount = ceil(nRecordsCount / nRecordsPerPage)
if aPageVars[cPart] = cLast
aPageVars[cPart] = string(nPagesCount)
ok
nActivePage = number(aPageVars[cPart])
if nActivePage = 0 nActivePage = 1 ok
if ( nActivePage > nPagesCount ) and nRecordsCount > 0
ErrorMsg(cPageError)
return
ok
44.22. Database, ModelBase & ControllerBase classes 336
30. Ring Documentation, Release 1.4
nStart = (nActivePage-1)*nRecordsPerPage
if aPageVars[cSearchName] = NULL
oModel.Read( nStart,nRecordsPerPage )
else
oModel.Search( aPageVars[cSearchName],nStart,nRecordsPerPage )
ok
oView.GridView(self)
func AddRecord
oModel.clear()
oView.FormViewAdd(Self,:save,false) # false mean don't include record id
func SaveRecord
oModel.Insert()
oView.SaveView(self)
func EditRecord
oModel.Find( aPageVars[cRecID] )
oView.FormViewEdit(Self,:update,true) # true mean include record id
func UpdateRecord
oModel.update( aPageVars[cRecID] )
oView.UpdateView(self)
func DeleteRecord
oModel.Delete( aPageVars[cRecID] )
oView.DeleteView()
func braceend
oModel.Disconnect()
44.23 WebLib API
In this section we will see the web library functions, classes and methods.
Function Parameters Description
LoadVars None Save the request parameters and cookies to aPageVars List
WebPage None Create new object from the WebPage Class
BootStrapWebPage None Create new object from the BootStrapWebPage Class
HTMLSpecialChars cString Encode Special characters to HTML equivalent
Template cFile,oObject Execute Ring Code in cFile after accessing oObject using {}
Alert cMessage Generate HTML Web Page that display cMessage using JavaScript Alert()
HTML2PDF cString Generate and Display PDF File from HTML String (cString)
The Package System.Web contains the next classes
44.23. WebLib API 337