Example National 5 History questions - How fully?

1. How fully? questions
Era of the Great War
Source A describes the restrictions introduced under the Defence of the Realm
Act.
1. How fully does Source A describe the restrictions introduced under the
Defence of the Realm Act? (
Source A describes the changing role of women during the Great War
2. How fully does Source A describe the changing role of women during the
Great War?
The Defence of the Realm Act (DORA) was introduced in August 1914. It stated
that no-one was allowed to talk about the navy or the army in public places. You
were also not allowed to spread rumours about military matters. You could not
trespass on railway lines or bridges. It was added to as the war progressed and
listed all the things that people were not allowed to do in wartime. In addition,
British Summer Time was introduced to give more daylight hours for extra work.
The Great War was a crucial time for women. This is because it gave women an
opportunity to prove themselves in a male-dominated society, doing more than
cleaning the house and looking after children. With so many men going to war,
there was a large gap in employment and women responded by replacing men in
the workplace. The Women’s Royal Air Force was created, where women worked
on planes as mechanics. Some of the less well known roles of women in the war
included selling war bonds.

2. Source A is about the use of tanks on the Western Front
3. How fully does Source A describe the impact tanks had on fighting on the
Western Front during the Great War?
Source A is about the treatment of conscientious objectors
4. How fully does Source B describe how conscientious objectors were treated
during the Great War?
Source A explains why Suffragette actions were important in getting women
the vote
5. How fully does Source A explain why Suffragette actions were important in
getting women the vote?
Thirty-six tanks led the way in an attack at Flers. The sudden appearance of the
new weapon stunned their German opponents. However, Sir Douglas Haig used
them before they were truly battle ready in an attempt to break the trench
stalemate. These early tanks were very slow moving. They often broke down.
Tanks often became stuck in the heavy mud of no man’s land. Conditions for the
tank crews were awful. The heat generated inside the tank was tremendous and
fumes often nearly choked the men inside.
Men who refused to enlist in the army had to face military discipline. Some were
sentenced to death for refusing orders although the sentence was always
reduced if the “conchie” still refused to give in. Many refused non-combatant
duty on the grounds that it simply released another man to kill. Special prisons
and work camps were opened up in addition to ordinary prisons to which many
objectors were sent. Twenty-four objectors died while detained at these work
camps.
Until the outbreak of war, the Suffragettes kept the campaign for votes for
women in the news every other day. They often put their own lives in danger so
women could win the right to vote. Some people said the Suffragettes’ militant
actions alienated the government. It was also argued they had sacrificed valuable
public support. However, the dramatic death of Emily Davison had given the
movement its first martyr and left no doubt about the Suffragettes’ dedication.
Their courage in prison continued to win sympathy and admiration.

3. Source A is about events on Clydeside in 1919
6. How fully does Source A explain why there was political protests in Scotland
between 1910 and 1919?
Source A is about the decline of Scottish industries in the 1920s
7. How fully does Source D explain the reasons for the decline of Scottish
industries in the 1920s?
Source A is about the impact on agriculture during the Great War
8. How fully does Source A describe the impact on agriculture and the fishing
industry during the Great War?
In the period just after the Great War there was a wave of working-class protest.
It was feared that soldiers returning from war would find no work and many
women had also lost their jobs. The government was worried that the workers of
Clydeside would attempt to copy the Bolshevik revolution of 1917. There was a
great deal of political unrest and some of the protesters even called for a Scottish
Workers’ Republic.
Before the First World War, the Scottish economy was very dependent on the
traditional industries. When the war ended, there was a sharp drop in demand
for Clyde-built warships. This decline in shipbuilding in the 1920s had a damaging
effect on the iron and steel industries. Many of the companies had depended on
shipbuilding for their orders. Despite increased competition from abroad,
Scotland’s manufacturers failed to invest in new technology. Not surprisingly,
overseas markets lost during the war often preferred to stay with their new
suppliers.
As a consequence of the war, one problem in Scottish agriculture during the past
year has been the difficulty of increasing the production of food in the face of
growing depletion of labour. In addition to the uncertainty of labour, Scottish
farmers had to contend with an unfavourable season. Earlier in the year wool
and milk prices were fixed. With the continued scarcity of labour during the year
there was an upward movement of wages. Appeals are now being made in
official quarters for thousands of women to meet the national emergency.

4. Source A describes the activities of workers in Glasgow during the War
9. How fully does Source A describe the effects of the war on Scottish
industry??
Source A is about women during World War One
10. How fully does Source B describe the changing role of women during the
First World War?
The Atlantic Slave Trade
Source A
11. How fully does Source A describe the role of William Wilberforce in the
campaign for the abolition of the slave trade?
The Government needed to control the factories to keep the soldiers supplied.
However, the Clyde Workers’ Committee was formed to campaign against the
Munitions Act, which forbade engineers from leaving the works where they were
employed. On 25 March 1916, David Kirkwood and other members of the Clyde
Workers’ Committee were arrested under the Defence of the Realm Act. The
men were sentenced to be deported. The Committee’s journal, The Worker, was
prosecuted for an article criticising the war. William Gallacher and John Muir, the
editors, were both sent to prison.
During World War One, many things changed. As men left their jobs to go and
fight, their places in industry were increasingly taken by women. Women's most
vital work was in munitions factories where they produced weapons and shells.
This work was both dirty and dangerous. Women worked on trams and buses to
keep the transport system going. With so many men away fighting, women had
to take the responsibility of being head of the family.
John Newton persuaded William Wilberforce to join the Society for the Abolition
of the Slave Trade and Wilberforce soon became its leader. Newton was a former
slave trader who became an anti-slavery campaigner. Wilberforce used evidence
gathered by abolitionists to try to persuade parliament to end the slave trade.
For 18 years he introduced anti-slavery motions in parliament. However, the
slave traders put their case to parliament and Wilberforce’s arguments failed to
win enough support. As a consequence, Wilberforce published even more horrific
accounts of the slave trade.

5. Source B
12. How fully does Source B describe reasons that the slave trade was so
important to Britain?
Source C
13. How fully does Source C describe why Britain abolished slavery in 1807?
Source D
14. How fully does Source D explain why it took so long to persuade the
British Parliament to abolish the slave trade?
Cities in the west of Britain benefited from the Atlantic slave trade. By 1800,
Liverpool profited most directly from the transportation of human beings as
slaves. Glasgow and Bristol developed their own specialist areas which were
linked to the trade. Glasgow had the largest share of the British tobacco trade
and this helped the city’s economic development. Profits from the tobacco trade
also contributed to the development of industry in Glasgow. In Bristol, merchants
profited from the sugar trade. All of these activities were based on Britain’s
involvement in the Atlantic slave trade.
During the late nineteenth century, attitudes towards the slave trade were
changing. More people began to think of Africans as fellow human beings and
felt that they should be treated as such. Britain’s trading interests were also
changing. Trade with India and East Asia was growing while trade with the West
Indies had become less important to Britain. Many merchants supported free
trade. They argued that slavery was an inefficient way to produce sugar. In 1807,
a new law made it illegal for British people to buy slaves in Africa.
The supporters of the slave trade were well organised and influential. Although
Wilberforce introduced his first bill to abolish it in 1789, it took a full eighteen
years to end the evil. Plantation owners were often Members of Parliament who
also had the support of George III. As a result, they created many difficulties for
the abolitionists.

6. Source E
15. How fully does Source E explain the importance of the slave trade to
Britain’s economy?
Source F
16. How fully does Source F describe the conditions on board ships during
the Middle Passage?
Source A is about the impact that trade with the Caribbean had on the British
economy.
17. How fully does Source A explain the impact that trade with the
Caribbean had on the British economy?
The slave trade was considered essential to Britain’s economy in the eighteenth
century. For example, the slave trade had raised Liverpool from a struggling port
to one of the richest and most propsperous trading centres in the world. The
slave trade provided work for the mills of Lancashire. However little thought was
given to the suffering of those involved in its production. Merchants made huge
profits importing sugar from the Caribbean, a product which was in great
demand.
Slave ships left from British ports on the triangular trade. When the ships arrived
in Africa, captains exchanged guns or alcohol for slaves. Slaves were often tightly
packed below deck for the journey across the Atlantic Ocean. This was known as
the middle passage. Conditions below deck were horrendous and slaves were
denied basic sanitation. Disease was common and many died from conditions
such as dysentery. Slaves were given enough food to sustain them during the
voyage. However the food was unfamiliar and many slaves simply refused to eat.
British trade with the Caribbean continued for many years. Slave-produced goods
such as sugar and coffee were imported into British ports, helping them to
become rich and powerful trading centres. Work was provided in many ports as
men were employed as sailors, shipbuilders and dock workers. The profits made
from the slave trade were also invested in the development of other British
industries. Wealthy colonial families built huge mansions in many of the British
cities where they traded.

7. Source A is about events on Clydeside in 1919
6. How fully does Source A explain why there was political protests in Scotland
between 1910 and 1919?
Source A is about the decline of Scottish industries in the 1920s
7. How fully does Source D explain the reasons for the decline of Scottish
industries in the 1920s?
Source A is about the impact on agriculture during the Great War
8. How fully does Source A describe the impact on agriculture and the fishing
industry during the Great War?
In the period just after the Great War there was a wave of working-class protest.
It was feared that soldiers returning from war would find no work and many
women had also lost their jobs. The government was worried that the workers of
Clydeside would attempt to copy the Bolshevik revolution of 1917. There was a
great deal of political unrest and some of the protesters even called for a Scottish
Workers’ Republic.
Before the First World War, the Scottish economy was very dependent on the
traditional industries. When the war ended, there was a sharp drop in demand
for Clyde-built warships. This decline in shipbuilding in the 1920s had a damaging
effect on the iron and steel industries. Many of the companies had depended on
shipbuilding for their orders. Despite increased competition from abroad,
Scotland’s manufacturers failed to invest in new technology. Not surprisingly,
overseas markets lost during the war often preferred to stay with their new
suppliers.
As a consequence of the war, one problem in Scottish agriculture during the past
year has been the difficulty of increasing the production of food in the face of
growing depletion of labour. In addition to the uncertainty of labour, Scottish
farmers had to contend with an unfavourable season. Earlier in the year wool
and milk prices were fixed. With the continued scarcity of labour during the year
there was an upward movement of wages. Appeals are now being made in
official quarters for thousands of women to meet the national emergency.

8. Source A is about Nazi control of people’s lives.
21. How fully does Source C describe how the Nazis controlled people’s
lives?
Source A is about changes to education in Nazi Germany
22. How fully does Source C describe the changes to education in Nazi
Germany?
Source A explains the reasons why the Weimar Republic was unpopular
between 1919 and 1923
23. How fully does Source A explain why the Weimar Republic was
unpopular between 1919 and 1923?
Hitler and the Nazi Party aimed to control every part of people’s lives, and that
included their free time. The KDF (Strength through Joy Organisation) controlled
most forms of entertainment. Each year around seven million people took part in
KDF sports matches. Mass outings to the theatre and the opera were arranged.
The KDF had its own symphony orchestra which toured the country. Workers
were also provided with affordable holidays including cruises and walking or
skiing holidays.
There were many changes at school. Some were barely noticed, others were
introduced as though with a great fanfare of trumpets. None questioned the
introduction of new Nazi textbooks. In line with National Socialist education
policies, the number of PE periods was increased at the expense of religious
education. When competitive field games were added to the curriculum our
teacher spelled it out to us, “It is what the Führer wants for you”. At the start of
class we had to raise our arms in the “Heil Hitler!” salute.
The Weimar Republic had been born out of defeat in the Great War. Those loyal
to the old regime adhered to the “stab-in-the-back” myth. Communists who had
hoped of turning the discontent into revolutionary action had those hopes
extinguished with the Socialists’ brutal treatment of the Spartacists. The
instability of the successive coalition governments frustrated Germans with many
looking towards the right-wing for strong leadership. It was this sense of
hopelessness that the Nazis hoped to capitalise on during the Munich Putsch in
1923.

9. Source A is about the hyper-inflation in Germany in 1923
24. How fully does Source A describe the effects of hyper-inflation?
During 1923, hyper-inflation gripped Germany. On Friday afternoons, workers
desperately rushed to the nearest store, where a queue had already formed. It
was soul-destroying. When you arrived a pound of sugar cost two million marks
but, by the time your turn came, you could only afford a half pound. In the chaos,
people pushed prams loaded with money. Life became nightmarish. We were
devastated as life savings became worthless.