1. Chapter 12 Vocabulary
1. Coupling agent- a cream or gel, applied to an area before ultrasound treatment,
that provides a medium for sonic waves to penetrate the skin
2. Cryotherapy- the therapeutic use of cooling agents
3. Electrical stimulation- use of electrical impulses to produce muscle contractions
by stimulating the motor nerves
4. Hydrocollator- a stainless steel container filed with hot water that is used to heat
moist packs for superficial heat therapy
5. Hydrotherapy- a form of superficial heating that uses agitated, heated water in a
specially designed piece of equipment
6. Ice massage- the technique of rubbing ice over the injured area
7. Modalities- treatment of injuries, including hating, cooling, and mechanical/
electrical methods
8. Ultrasound- therapeutic deep heating that uses high frequency sound waves; also
called ultrasonic diathermy
9. Whirlpool- a stainless steel or fiberglass tub with an attached turbine
Notes:
- Rice:
 R = relative rest, rest of injured area but not the whole person
 I = ice, cold therapy, 96 hours before you heat
 C= compressions, wrap around injured area with ice bag, tight on
the bottom, lose on the top

2.  E= elevation, so fluids move closer to heart
- Five stages of cold
1. Cold – 0-3 minutes
2. Burning 3-5 minutes
3. Aching 5-8 minutes
4. Numbness 8-10
- Cold/ cryotherapy – the therapeutic use of cooling agents
 Ice bags/ packs on 30min off 90min
 Ice message
 Reduce swelling
 Stop muscle spasm + guarding
- Hydrotherapy
 Whirlpool
o Hot 105 – 110 degrees
o Cold 35- 45 degree
o 10- 20 min
o Cold is used the most
o Up to 96 hours till time of injury
- Heat
 96hours and beyond can use
 Expands blood vessels
 Hydrocollator
 Hydrotherapy- 100 to 110 degrees

3.  Whirlpool
 Heat pack stays on for 20 min
 Brings blood to site
 Ultrasound
 Deep heating
 Pinpoint heat
 Must use coupling gel
 Coupling agent can push anti
inflammatory meds using waves
– lidocain and dexamethosome
 Good for diabetics + people with
heart conditions
- Electrical stimulation (E- Stim) – contract and relax muscles