Coagulation and flocculation are common water and wastewater treatment processes. Coagulation involves adding positively charged chemicals to destabilize negatively charged particles in water by neutralizing their electric charge. Flocculation then forms larger clumps or flocs of destabilized particles that can be more easily removed by sedimentation or filtration. The coagulation-flocculation process uses chemical reagents to first destabilize and increase particle size, then mixing to further increase floc size before physical separation and removal of solids from the liquid.