Aerobic Exercise Boosts Aerobic Capacity

The Effect Of Exercise Training And Nutrition Therapy On...
EFFECT OF EXERCISE TRAINING AND NUTRITION THERAPY ON FUNCTION, FATIGUE, AND PAIN IN WOMEN WITH
FIBROMYALGIA
Research Question: What is the effect of resistance/aerobic training and nutrition therapy on function, fatigue, and pain in women with
FM?
Abstract Background and Significance: Fibromyalgia (FM) symptoms such as pain and fatigue can have a severe impact on function and
quality of life. The exact etiology of FM is unknown, consequently there is no single best treatment. Studies have shown that exercise
plays a role in modulating adverse symptoms of FM. Aerobic exercise has clearly been shown to improve symptoms, but strength training
still needs further study. Theories have also suggested that nutrition may be linked to FM; whether it is a cause or effect is still unknown.
This study will examine the effects of exercise training and nutrition therapy on function, fatigue, and pain in women with FM. Subjects
and Methods: Subjects will include 594 women diagnosed with FM. There will be 4 groups: an exercise group, a nutrition therapy group,
an exercise and nutrition therapy group, and a control group who will receives information on FM. The intervention will last 14 weeks.
Weeks 1–7 will be a buildup period and weeks 8–14 will be a period where subjects exercise for the recommended dose based on the
American College of Sports Medicine guidelines. Follow–up measurement will be performed at 6 months. The fibromyalgia impact
questionnaire (FIQ), multidimensional fatigue
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Light Aerobic Exercises
Weight loss is a challenging endeavor to pursue. Even the concept is simple in theory, it can be difficult to execute. It involves a lot of
discipline, dedication and hard work. When you add in a physical challenge like asthma, the stakes get higher and it can be even more
difficult to succeed. Nevertheless, it is still possible to lose weight when you have asthma and manage your weight. There are a few
strategic ways to handle it.
Diet
Many studies show ____ % of weight loss is all about diet. What you put in your mouth will make a big difference on how much weight
you lose. Make an intentional effort to choose lots of healthy fruits, vegetables and whole grains. Include legumes, nuts and lean meats to
complement healthy meals. For longevity, make sure to prepare foods that you will actually eat and enjoy. If the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Light Aerobic Exercises
Cardiovascular exercises can be considerably difficult when dealing with a condition like asthma. There are a few ways to around this.
Consider completing light aerobic exercises that work the entire body like brisk walking or light swimming in a pool. Before doing these
exercises, see your doctor to get prescriptions for medicines like Aerospan that will make breathing a lot easier.
2. Stretching
Pilates, Yoga and TaiChi are some of the most restorative exercises for the body. They stretch and repair joints and ligaments. They also
relax and restore the mind. In order to have a well–rounded weight loss regimen, it's important to include exercises that will challenge and
stretch the body's flexibility as well.
3. Strength Training
Weight lifting is excellent for weight loss. Many women overlook it because they're afraid they'll become bulky. It's a great weight loss aid
for men and women because it burns fat and strengthens the muscles. It's also a great way to get more bang for your buck. When you
complete a great strength training routine, your body will continue to burn calories after you've completed the

The Relationship Between Anaerobic Exercise And Aerobic...
The relationship between anaerobic exercise and aerobic capacity Introduction
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an important organic molecule in all living organisms, it is a biologist fuel for all living organisms.
(Vanputte et al. 2014) When the energy stored in ATP is used, ATP will be broken down to adenosine triphosphate and inorganic
phosphorous (Astrand 1956). Cell Respiration is the way that the human body produces more ATP, and there are four parts in total which
is glycolysis, Link Reaction, Krebs cycle and Electron Transport Chain respectively. However, if when oxygen is not present in the cell,
then the private undergoes alcoholic fermentation and lactate formatted in the process of anaerobic respiration (Peeters Weem et al. 2007).
While physical activities of moderate intensity (e.g. Marathon and swimming) are supported by aerobic metabolism, a high intensity
activity (e.g. 100m race) is an anaerobic metabolism process because the human body muscle needs a large amount of energy in a short
period of time, and the lungs cannot put enough oxygen in the blood steam to keep up the need of muscle energy. It generally is used only
for short bursts of the body. (BrianMac Sports Coach 2011)
There is a positive proportion between demands on the aerobic energy system during physical activity and demands for oxygen delivered
to the muscles. Generally, increase the demands on aerobic energy also increase the demands for oxygen delivered to the muscle (Medbo
and Tabata 1993).

Concussion Frameworks For Concussions
There are enough concussion protocols to determine a concussion, but there are not enough protocols for preventing concussions for
Football Athletes. The SCAT5 Assessment Tool does provide beneficial and accurate tests to determine concussions. The protocols for
recovery and return to play are very detailed and straightforward so there is no further damage or impairments to the brain. Although,
concussions are still happening at high rates, especially in football because they are not being fully prevented, they are only being treated
after they happen. The SCAT5 Assessment Tool, also known as Sport Concussion Assessment Tool, is a variety of tests for athletes, given
by an AT or physician, to determine whether an athlete has a concussion. The SCAT5 Tool is made up of the "On– Field Assessment" and
the "Off– Field Assessment". Some tests that make up the "On– Field Assessment" are determining any "Red Flags" or obvious signs of a
concussion such as double vision, nausea, headache, "fogginess", and memory loss. This section is also made up of testing the athlete's
memory, using the "Glasgow Coma Scale", and a Cervical Spine Assessment. The tests and sections that make up the "Off– Field
Assessment" are the athletes general information and background information, evaluating the athlete's symptoms and the severity of the
symptoms, Cognitive Screenings, and Neurological Screenings. When done correctly, the SCAT5 Assessment Tool is a very valuable tool
to determine whether an

Aerobic vs Anaerobic Exercise
Aerobic VS Anaerobic Exercise
Jane Doe
Grantham University
ABSTRACT Being in the military has caused me to become a better athlete than I have been before. Running is one of our main focuses
and in my personal life I have strived to become better at it since I know that I despise running but need to improve on it. One of the
things that I have learned is that in order for a high performance runner to reach a level that is desired to help max out their run time for
military standards, the individual needs to have a focused training, training with an objective.
The obesity rate in America has continually spiked over the years as well. More than 30% of Americans do not do any kind of physical
exercise. By implementing some kind of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If someone is trying to quit smoking the more aerobics they do the less their cravings are to occur plus their lung function is greatly
improved. For people that may feel stressed or are combating depression according to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
research aerobics helps lower these by raising the self–esteem and physical awareness.
I perform both types of training several times a week; therefore, I can describe what my body feels like after each training session. When I
finish an anaerobic training, I feel my legs are heavier and numb after all the effort that I have put in on the exercises along with the body
aches which are a result of the lactic acid produced by my muscles; however I can breathe perfectly well after 5 minutes. After an aerobic
training, I feel my muscles are looser and weaker along with my lungs feeling stretched and my recovery can last up to an hour depending
on the distance that I have run.
An individual that wishes to improve their run should do both aerobic and anaerobic training to balance out their workout; we shouldn't
choose only one because they are equally important to grow as a competitive runner and to reach that goal of maxing out the military
standards for their age bracket. For society as a whole in the U.S., I strongly think that aerobic exercise of any sort, even if it is just going
for a walk or a slight jog, will help increase their lifespan and

The Effect Of Aerobic Exercise On Aerobic Capacity
INTRODUCTION
The body constantly needs energy to work. This energy, at the cellular level, supplied in the form of chemical potential energy stored in
ATP needs to be regeneration in order to fuel more cellular activity and this can be done aerobically or anaerobically(Astrand 1956).
Energy to sustain high intensity workouts cannot eventually be fully supported by anaerobic pathways, resulting in an increased reliance
on aerobic metabolism (Bogdanis et al. 1996). The level of fitness to carry out anaerobic exercises may be influenced by aerobic capacity
(Kaikkonen et al.2000, Tomlin and Wegner 2011).
By discovering the relationship between anaerobic fitness and aerobic fitness. It should be possible for athletes to think about taking an
advantage by distributing their physical energy during a match properly or, for any individuals to understand or make their personal fitness
program.
The aim of this study is to compare the maximum number of push–ups achieved by tested individuals against their change in pulse rate
measure before and after a moderate step–up exercise; and determine how the ability of anaerobic fitness influences aerobic exercise.
It was predicted that being anaerobically fit do not assist in aerobic exercise.
METHOD
Refer to the School of Biological Sciences (2015).
See Appendix 1 for Null and Alternate hypotheses
RESULTS
There is a total of 137 tested individuals involved. There are 49 observations who did less than 25 push–ups and a number of 88

Exercise Training : Aerobic Exercise
INTRODUCTION:
During exercise training, such as weight lifting or cycling, the muscles produce varying forces. Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) is
dependent on the training status of the individual, age, sex, heredity, disease/injury as well as the type of activity being performed [1].
Exercise can be categorized into two separate terms, anaerobic and aerobic activity. During aerobic exercise, such as endurance activities,
slow–twitch (type 1) muscle fibers are recruited, which contain a large supply of myoglobin, mitochondria and blood capillaries, and are
therefore resistant to fatigue [2]. The other type of exercise is anaerobic, which utilizes fast–twitch (type II) muscle fibers for strength,
speed and power [2]. Muscular ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is known as 'central fatigue' and becomes apparent when there is a decrease in the amount of functioning motor units or a decline in
motor unit firing rate [1]. Another term known as 'peripheral fatigue' is related to the inhibition of excitation contraction coupling, which
affects the transmission of the action potential across the neuromuscular junction to the transverse tubules (T–tubules) [1]. In order to
examine fatigue during the endurance test, we will use force and electromyography (EMG) measurements.
For this particular lab, muscular strength, fatigue and endurance were measured by performing isometric forearm contractions. The
purpose of this lab was to determine what happens to MVC during a muscle fatigue test and 4 "recovery" contractions; in addition, various
differences between the generation of maximal force and the maintenance of MVC during the endurance test were also established among
the subjects. Another reason for this lab was to examine the relationship between the subject characteristics, such as gender and training
status, and their performance during both maximal force production and the endurance test. It is predicted that the results will show a
decrease in MVC after the subject completes the muscle fatigue test as well as an increase in MVC during the recovery process. It is also
anticipated that the male subjects will generate higher force values in comparison to the female participants due to increased muscle

History of Swimming
Swimming was invented
before recorded history. Humans discovered how to swim
by accident. A person probably fell into the water and
struggled to shore using a dog–paddle stroke. There was an
Egyptian hieroglyph for swimming dating from 2500 BC.
The ancient Greeks and Romans made swimming an
important part of their military training programs. There
have been known swimming contests that were organized
in Japan as early as the 1st century BC. During the Middle
Ages in Europe, swimming declined in popularity. People
felt that the water was contaminated and a source of
disease. Not everyone feared the water, however, Louis
XI reportedly swam daily in the Seine. During the early
19th century, swimming ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However,
only 5% of those who swim do so at an aerobic pace.
Although few doubt the aerobic benefits of swimming,
studies comparing swimming with jogging, results found that
swimmers lost less body fat than joggers. Apparently
swimming causes an adjustment in how energy is burned,
resulting in the burning of more carbohydrates than body
fat. One reason might be that swimmers retain more body
fat to insulate and maintain body heat.

Persuasive Essay On Swimming
A person's cardiovascular system is a very important part of fitness and one's overall health. Here are a few of the best exercises; walking
running, cycling, rowing, swimming. Research suggests at least 150 minutes per week, a minimum of 30 minutes per day, five times a day
a week. A few exercises that are best are, climbing, playing sports, and running is also some of the most common and affordable. At least
25 minutes of vigorous aerobic activity at least or a combination of moderate and aerobic activity are some of the best options to benefit
your cardiovascular system.
Swimming is one of the most beneficial exercises you can do for your health, the sport uses your entire body, and can overall improve
your health. Not only does swimming help manage your weight, but it will also benefit you mentally, it will reduce your stress levels as
well as boost your mood. Physically, swimming will strengthen your muscles, and unlike many other sports swimming does not put
increased stress on your bones, joints and muscles. Depending on what you do, there are a variety of ways you can improve your health.
There are many different varieties of swimming strokes; a freestyle stroke, a breaststroke, butterfly stroke, back stroke, side stroke, as well
as a elementary side stroke. Each of these range in proficiency. Beginning with the freestyle stroke, you must first begin concentrating on
each and every specific aspect of your stroke, You find your head position, reach forward, rotate

Fibromyalgi A Case Study
Efficacy The impact of increasing physical activity levels in patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia used to decrease pain levels compared
to a potential for harm and low economic cost, make this intervention viable in a rural community. The Busch et al. (2013) article shows
further solid evidence regarding aerobic training over strength or flexibility training to decrease pain levels. Even with low quality of
evidence do two small sample sizes of randomized controlled trial's the recommendation of aerobic training to reduce fibromyalgia pain
symptoms is supported. The American College of Sports Medicine guidelines used in the Busch et al. (2007) support; cardiorespiratory
endurance at least three days a week sufficient to raise heart rate above 40% resting right in sessions of at least 20 minutes in duration,
muscle strengthening activities 2 to 3 days a week with a minimum of one set of 8 to 12 repetitions of each exercise, and flexibility
training more than two days per week with 3 to 4 repetitions of each stretch for 10 to 30 seconds. These guidelines should be used in
development of sessions designed to increase activity levels in even the most sedentary adults. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
(2007) article shows harms or potential adverse effects as reported vaguely or not reported at all. Because typical signs and symptoms of
fibromyalgia may mimic muscle fatigue seen in increased physical activity levels, attrition due to exacerbation of symptoms compared to
normal soreness cannot be differentiated. It was still the opinion of the authors that the exercise programs reviewed in this article can be
safely executed by patients with fibromyalgia. The recommendation of intensity, checking frequently with participants for adverse effects,
and willingness to adjust program to meet patient's individual activity is crucial to ensure program

Health And Academic Performance : An Exploration Of Safe...
Running head: SAFE AND EFFECTIVE USE OF SELF 1
Cardiovascular Exercise to Improve Psychological Health and Academic Performance
An Exploration of Safe and Effective Use of Self
Alanna Sampson
Yorkville University
Abstract
The participant in this study is pursuing a Masters degree while working as a teacher. She identified Generalized Anxiety Disorder as the
issue she would like to improve upon after self–administering the Beck Anxiety Inventory and completing the Generalized Anxiety
Disorder Questionnaire (GAD–7) at her general practitioner?s office. Both questionnaires indicated moderate anxiety symptoms. The
participant identified that the requirements of the program resulted in increased stress and anxiety symptoms. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Key Terminology: biopsychosocial, cardiovascular exercise, Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Melchert (2011) explains the biopsychosocial approach as a ?comprehensive, integrative framework for understanding human
development, health and functioning? (p. 10). In the biopsychosocial approach to counselling, Melchert (2011) asserts that the approach
focuses on the holistic functioning of individuals. The purpose of this study is to identify an individualized issue to improve upon and then
implement a treatment plan. The proposed treatment is an attempt to improve psychological health and academic performance of the
participant in the Masters of Arts in Counselling Psychology program at Yorkville University. Beginning a Masters degree while working
full time as a teacher and fulfilling responsibilities as a partner and a Mother requires a considerable about of planning and ability to adapt.
Students in the Masters program are learning how to practice safe and effective use of self. The study has been introspective as the
practice involves implementing a treatment plan and learning how to recognize ways to self–care before attempting to prescribe treatment
to others.
The treatment plan for the participant in this study is for Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Kessler (2005) indicates that approximately
twenty percent of the population

Benefits Of Functional Aerobic Exercise
CrossFit is a program created to provide a full body workout to prepare the body for everyday activities and the unexpected. CrossFit is
constantly varied functional movements performed at a high intensity. Millions of people across the globe participate in this high intensity
fitness regimen every day. CrossFit exercises consists of performing many simple movements that make up one complex movement.
These movements are based on movements that we perform in our everyday lives. The base of all of the complex movements is the core,
so it is important to have good core stability. To achieve a successful workout and improve one's physical well–being, one must train
under the ten major fitness domains: cardiovascular and respiratory endurance, stamina, strength, flexibility, power, speed, coordination,
agility, balance, and accuracy. Crossfit is a very intense fitness program that results in many benefits from functional exercising, and
nutrition. There are many benefits of functional exercising. Functional exercises are exercises that train parts of the body to make
everyday activities easier. In a study conducted in 2014 by the CDC 69% of American adults are overweight and about 35% of those
adults are obese (Miller III). It is recommended that adults get 150 minutes of physical activity every week to maintain a healthy lifestyle.
When surveyed, most adults say that the reason they lack physical activity is because they do not have time. This is the first benefit of
functional

Interval Training Versus Aerobic Exercise Analysis
Interval training and continuous aerobic exercise are two of the most common cardio exercises practiced by athletes today. However, one
is slightly better than the other when looking at performance increases. An easy way to measure performance increases is to examine the
VO2 max of an individual before and after a training period. VO2 max is the measure of how much oxygen a body can take in from the
air. It is a great reflection of physical fitness because it reflects how efficiently a person can use oxygen which is needed for most
exercises, especially cardio. Interval training is when a person switches between two activities that vary in intensity or effort. Continuous
aerobic exercise is when a person performs an activity at the same intensity ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Anaerobic energy is energy that is produced in the absence of oxygen. On the other hand, aerobic energy is energy that is produced in the
presence of oxygen. The difference in energy pathway may explain the difference in VO2 increases between interval training and
continuous aerobic exercise. Many people struggle to incorporate cardio into their workout routine because they think they must run
endless miles to see results. This excuse is invalid because interval training can provide just as many health benefits, if not more, than
continuous aerobic exercise. Even though interval training has been shown to improve performance in many people, a blend of interval
training and continuous aerobic exercise that is designed for an individual's goals is the best approach to implement cardio. Interval
training results in greater performance increases and more motivation to exercise than continuous aerobic training in many types of
people, including well trained athletes, diabetics, children, and people with Down syndrome. However, the most important thing is for
people to incorporate cardio into their exercise

The Benefits Of Physical Therapy
It is often thought that only medicine allows you to diagnose and treat diseases or problems whether physical or mental. Physical therapy
isn't classified as a medicine carrier. In physical therapy you will see how experienced therapists will diagnose minor to mayor problems
or injuries and give the best treatment to regain certain movements and mobility. It is certainly an opportunity to help others in need. It has
its branches and specialties, different opportunities and experiences. Not only athletes or fitness pros need these special treatment
programs, but regular people of our society will benefit of this great option. As a carrier, it should be taken into consideration for all the
benefits you give to others yet receive as experience and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These exercises involve constant and repetitive motion, such as "squatting" and "lifting", yet people felt great. Why not physical therapy?
You'll get the chance to fully help your clients or patients to their full potential and you will feel great by the end of the day after helping
someone. The fact that you helped that poor kid with a broken leg enjoy playing soccer again after a few months, and helped a friend's
mother get her arm use back to drink some tea with her friends, won't just give you a smile but a lasting satisfaction. The world needs
people who succeed in life, but also helpers of those who need it. Think of how would you feel if you sprain your ankle and think the
world is over, but there is a nice and experienced willing person to help you through it every step of the way. It will take patience and
dedication, yet the reward is forever satisfactory. Fitness and physical therapy will go hand by hand. To think, we athletes will feel
relieved after knowing that our therapist is specialized in the fitness area. It is an option of anybody and everybody. If one enjoyed
knowing about physical therapy, one will surely enjoy practicing as a carrier. Helping people and feeling satisfied as a job is

Rugby Energy System
It is of common knowledge that there proves to be a significant difference in what it takes physiologically speaking when comparing
athletes of different sporting backgrounds to one another. Why is a marathon runner not as powerful as a rugby player or why can't a 400m
sprinter run a marathon? Simple, each athlete is more equipped to three different energy systems. As a sporting coach it is universal to
have an understanding of the three main energy systems that underpins the study of exercise and the effect it has on the human body in
regards to athletic performance. In order to recognize the role in which different energy systems play in athletic performance, an
understanding will need to be gained. For this reasons this report is broken ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Rest: Walk recovery . 400m run (Glycolytic, Anaerobic): Throughout this section training program for 400m will be analysed. An example
of a training program used to train the anaerobic energy system in 400m sprinter is, Table 1.1 Energy System Quality % effort Recovery
Rep Distance Total distance Anaerobic Alactic (Phosphagen) Sp Power 95–100% >3 minutes 30m to 80m 200m to 400m SpE Capacity
85–95% >8 minutes 150m to 400m 400m to 800m Anaerobic Lactic (Glycolytic) SE1 Power 75–85% 1:4 active 100m to 300m 800m to
1600m SE2 Capacity 65–75% 1:2 active 400m to 700m 1600m to 3000m (Mackenzie, 2015) Shown in table 1.1 is a training program put
in place to improve anaerobic energy system. The program is based on a six phases, each phase is based upon 4 week repeated training
program, weeks 1 (easier), 2 (harder), 3 (hardest), and week 4 is a deload week with testing to monitor progress. The % effort determined
in the programs are based upon 100% effort. The aim of the four week cycles is to build a higher anaerobic energy system (Mackenzie,

Passive Anaerobic And Aerobic Exercise Assist System For...
Does, the Perspiration Workout Unit of the 'Passive Anaerobic and Aerobic Exercise Assist System for the Inactive and Sedentary
Population' have a clinically relevant effect on the inactive and chronically sedentary population, by simulating "Passive Aerobic
Exercise"? A review of scientific literature, using four data bases.
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
Author Dr. Pradeep J.N.A., Professor and Director of Academic Affairs, PDMF University Indian Chapter, Chennai, India.
director@pdmfuniversity.edu.in Co–authors Dr. R. Sivaraj, Professor & HOD, Department of Pharmacology, Aarupadai Veedu Medical
College & Hospital, Vinayaka Missions University, Puducherry, India. Dr. N. Jeyabalan, Professor & HOD, Department of Pathology,
Aarupadai Veedu Medical College & Hospital, Vinayaka Missions University, Puducherry, India. Dr. T.S. Manoharan, Senior consultant,
Department of Cardio Thoracic Surgery, Tamil Nadu Government Multi Super Speciality Hospital, Chennai, India. Mr. Pratush Menon,
Research Assistant and aspiring Biomedical Engineer.
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
Abstract The 'Passive Anaerobic and Aerobic Exercise Assist System for the Inactive and Sedentary Population' is an integrated apparatus,
a combination o three kinds of therapy system's executed together (simultaneously or subsequently). The

The Effect Of Aerobic Exercise On Patients With Chronic...
Literature review; The effect of aerobic exercise on VO2 max in patients with chronic heart failure.
Patients suffering from chronic heart failure (CHF) often suffer from a decreased aerobic exercise capacity and exercise intolerance, which
leads to a progressive deterioration in functional capacity (Belardinelli et al. 1999). This review will focus on four controlled clinical
studies which have examined the effect of exercise training on VO2 max in patients with CHF.
Coats et al. (1992) compared a phase of normal activity to a training period in a group of patients to assess if there was an improvement in
VO2 max due to exercise compared to rest. A group of seventeen men over 60 years of age with moderate to severe chronic heart failure
(NYHA class II–III) and a left ventricular ejection fraction of 19.6 ± 2.3% took part in a controlled crossover trial consisting of an
exercise phase and a resting phase. During the exercise phase the participants exercised for 8 weeks on a training bicycle at 50RPM for 20
minutes a day at 60–80% of their maximum heart rate for five days per week. The patients undertook exercise testing to calculate VO2
max before and after each phase. An overall mean compliance to exercise was calculated to be 77.3% using a revolution counter installed
on each bike. The exercise phase showed a significant increase in VO2 max (13.2 ± 0.9 to 15.6 ± 1.0 ml/kg/min) when compared with
controls in this study. No significant difference was observed between

Exercise And Metaphysics: The Aerobic Energy System
Before the race an athlete's heart rate would around 45 beats per minute, There will be no dramatic changes as the race wouldn't have
started yet and he would've only done a short warm up and stretches. The stroke volume will be the same as before because the left
ventricle doesn't need to pump any more blood round so the cardiac output will be the same as the muscles are not demanding as much
oxygenated oblood. Your breathing pattern would not have changed as you are not doing any exercise, your cells don't need any more
oxygen as they are not doing any work, and your red blood cells don't need to carry any more oxygen. His breathes per minute will be in
the somewhere around 15. This will use the Aerobic energy system because they are not doing any intense exercise so no extra energy is
needed as just normal breathing gives your body enough oxygen and energy. The body can deal with its own demand of oxygen, relating
to the respiratory ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He will be breathing heavier and faster so he gets more oxygen in. This is so a process can take place called gaseous exchange. This is
when you breathe oxygen in through the air into the left ventricle allowing the oxygenated blood to reach the muscles. His breaths per
minute will increase to somewhere in the region of 30. The aerobic system would be used now, this is because the aerobic system
produces the largest amounts of energy, although at the lowest intensity.
This system could switch suddenly if he was to perform a sprint finish. During this sprint finish he will be using the anaerobic system, this
is due to him using no oxygen which leads to a build up a lactic acid.
After the race your heart rate will probably still be higher than what it was before the race but it will be lower than during the race and it
will slowly decrease back down to the usual heart rate. Your stroke volume will be slowly decreasing back down to normal and so will
your cardiac

The Benefits Of Aerobic Exercise
Aerobic exercise has been studied and through those studies researchers have found that aerobic exercise improves the cognitive abilities
of young adults. Some of the cognitive abilities improved are learning, memory, and decision making. Through aerobic exercise these
cognitive abilities are improved and sharpened. Aerobic exercise stimulates the hippocampus which is the area responsible for memory
and partly for learning. Another part aerobic exercise stimulates is the frontal cortex which is the area responsible for decision making.
Aerobic exercise also stimulates many parts of the brain that together are responsible for our learning. Aerobic exercise combined with
mental training is what helps further the cognitive abilities of young adults. Through aerobic exercise the cognitive abilities of young
adults improve to new heights. Aerobic exercise has many beneficial effects in the cognitive abilities of young adults. One of the big parts
that aerobic exercise helps young adults with is learning. Young adults performing aerobic exercise experience an increase in volume in
the hippocampus which helps benefit learning. The hippocampus is one of the parts in our brain responsible for our learning. Aerobic
exercise through studies has been shown to stimulate this part in our brains. In "Aerobic Exercise for New Brain Cells and Cognitive
Performance" the director states that aerobic exercise can double the production of new brain cells in the hippocampus. This leads to new
brain connections that in turn improve the amount of information we can handle. One reason that aerobic exercise helps stimulate the
hippocampus is because it also stimulates BDNF production. BDNF production is a nerve growth factor that boosts the growth of new
brain cells in the hippocampus. This leads to new brain cells being form which in turn improves cognitive abilities and mood. While
aerobic exercise does stimulate the hippocampus which boosts our learning, it is still important to put in mental training so the new brains
cells remain and don't die off. Through aerobic exercise young adults will be able to handle more information which in turn will help
increase their performance in academics. Another cognitive ability that

Ketogenic Diet Vs Aerobic Exercise
Many prefer doing an exercise that is done with a combination of body movements; just like the aerobic exercise with the cyclical
ketogenic diet. It is not really an easy way to do because it requires a lot of energy in performing it. This kind of exercise is not advisable
to those who are on a restricted calorie diet especially when their energy is also affected. When doing an aerobic exercise you must have
enough energy to accomplish it but how will you able to do it if you are just eating a limited amount of food. Once an individual is on a
diet he or she can only do limited activities. It can even make them easily get tired and become weak. This does not happen when you are
on a ketogenic diet.
It doesn't mean that when you are already

Journal Entry Essay
Yesterday was good. I worked out for the first time since I got the flu. I ran on the elliptical AND I did some strength training. The free
gym in my apartment complex isn't the best, but it has a small variety of cardio and strength training machines. It's decent, and gets the job
done. It has machines for strength training your arms and legs, but not your abs. That's not that big of a deal, though. I can just do all sorts
of crunches to tone up my ab muscles. I've gained weight since I stopped working out at the end of December. Granted, I only followed
my exercise regimen adamantly for two months, or maybe even only a month and a half. During that time, I made a lot of progress. I
definitely lost weight and didn't look like a blob. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I will however point out that my skinny Joe's Jeans are wonderful because they're two sizes too big for me, so I have no problem sliding
them on and off, and I feel attractive because I can wear skinny jeans! It's quite wonderful. I really want to stick to an exercise regimen,
though. I saw the benefits of working out and eating right, and I miss them. After trying out the free gym yesterday, and googling ab
exercises I can do at home, I've realized that it's completely possible to follow one without spending money, including that includes both
cardio and strength training. I don't need to spend $30 on a gym membership! I can do this! I'm going to work out today, do some cardio
and work out my core (I worked out my arms and legs yesterday). After that, I'm going to shower and go grocery shopping for Maansi's
birthday party. I have to get the cake from Publix at 3pm. Zenith gets done with clinic at 2pm, and she was planning on going home,
changing, and then heading over to my place afterward. Eric is going to pick Maansi up from our place at 3pm, and they're going to grab
lunch/he's going to distract her while Zenith and I set up the place. I'm glad there are going to be more of Maansi's Life friends than Indian
friends. To be entirely honest, part of me wishes Anu wasn't coming. There's this competitive dynamic between all of the Indian girls. Priti

The Effects Of Aerobic Exercise On Executive Control In...
In the article, the purpose of this study was to verify and compare how the effect of 10 min of aerobic exercise performed above and
below lactate threshold (LT) on executive control in children. In the article, it mentions how children are becoming sedentary. That means
it increase the prevalence of overweight and low physical fitness. This much inactivity affects brain health and some aspects of cognition.
It affects the executive control. It's something to be concern about because in childhood there are some extensive changes in the brain
structure, function, and connectivity. If children can have an active lifestyle it may have protective effects on brain health across the
lifespan. While reading I saw that it was no studies that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They did fat percentage by using an adipometer through triceps and subscapular skinfolds measurements. Lactate Threshold in the
subjects was obtained through in incremental test that was adapted from the protocol developed by Simões et al. It ran for 6 times 500 m
at 80%, 83%, 86%, 89%, 92%, and 95% of the average running speed that was obtained during the Cooper's 12–min track test. In the last
10 secs of each 500–m run, a blood sample was taken from the earlobe and was put into Eppendorf tubes containing sodium fluoride. The
concentrations from each sample was used by a blood lactate analyzer. Then the lactate threshold was found as the intensity at the
breakpoint in the blood lactate concentration curve occurred.
In the cognitive test the subjects did computerized modified flanker task to assess their inhibitory control. They did congruent and
incongruent trials that required the subjects to press a button to the direction of the centrally presented target arrow. In the congruent trials
the arrows were facing the same direction and in the incongruent trials the middle arrow is facing the opposite direction of the others. It
was a total of 20 trials the arrows. They did a Free recall memory test that access the subjects' declarative short memory. The subjects had
a 20–item word list that was presented 1 word at a time, 5 sec each for a 100 sec. After the 100 seconds, a cue was signaled that the
subjects were to write

The Effects Of A Healthy Low Calorie Restricted Diet And...
The Effects of a Healthy Low Calorie Restricted Diet and Aerobic Exercise on Obesity By Robert Jay Yang Masters in Physiology
Candidate Literature Research Course (PBIO 907–11), Summer 2014 Capstone Reader: Dr. Patrick Forcelli Introduction The prevalence
of obesity continues to increase and remains elevated over the past several decades in the United States (12). About 34% adults and 17%
children are obese, which totals to about 72 million adults and 12 million children out of the entire U.S. population. Among these, African
Americans and Hispanics Americans have the highest rates compared to Asian Americans and non–Hispanics White (12). Obesity is
defined as having excessive fat in the body. Although overweight and obesity are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Body Mass Index (BMI) is a method of measuring obesity by dividing the height of an individual by his or her weight. Although BMI
indirectly measures fat in the body, BMI correlates with the amount of body fat and is a convenient measurement. Athletes in particular
have a BMI with an obesity measurement due to lean muscle mass, not fat mass. In adults, a BMI within the range of 18.5 and 24.9 is
healthy, between 25 and 29.9 is overweight, and above 30 is obese (10, 12). In contrast, weight of children is determined by calculating
age and sex–specific percentile for the BMI; body composition vary by gender and age. BMI below the 85th percentile is healthy, between
85th and 95th percentile is overweight, and above 95th percentile is obese (12). Other methods to determine obesity is by calculating
waist–to–hip ratio, measuring skinfold thickness, or using ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Some treatments to control obesity
is by setting goals, committing to lifestyle changes, taking prescriptions, or agreeing to weight loss surgeries. Medicinal and surgical
approaches are typically the last options in controlling obesity if lifestyle changes remain ineffective. However, these come with both
positive and negative outcomes. In comparison to lifestyle changes, there are only positive outcomes where lifestyle changes focuses on
balancing calorie intake and expenditure (10, 12). Calorie intake of about 3,500 calories (kcal) is

The Effects of Aerobic Exercise Among Adolescents with...
The Effects of Aerobic Exercise Among Adolescents with Mild to Moderate Depression
Kaplan and Sadock (as cited in Brollier, Hamrick & Jacobson, 1994) stated that depression, during the teen years, has become an
increasing area of concern in psychiatry (Kaplan & Sadock, 1991. Kashani, Carlson, Beck, Hoeper, Corcoran, McAllister, Fallahi,
Rosenberg and Reid (as cited in Brollier, Hamrick ,& Jacobson, 1994) studied the prevalence of depression in adolescents and reported
that approximately 8% of adolescents experienced depressive disorders. Kaplan and Sadock (as cited in Brollier et al., 1994) suggested
that new forms of treatment are needed when dealing with adolescents because adolescents often do not respond well to medications, ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Only a handful of studies have been completed to observe this area of study. Norris, Carroll and Cochrane (1992) found that students at a
secondary school who stated they exercised regularly, produced lower scores on the Multiple Affect Adjective Check List, developed by
Zukerman and Lubin. Brown, Welsh, Labbe, Vitulli and Kulkarni (1992) found that aerobic exercise was beneficial for 54 depressed
patients, of both sexes, with the average age being 15.6 years of age. However, this study found that the female participants reported a
greater amount of change in depression, anger, exhaustion, anxiety and confusion, following the nine week study. Although the male
subjects did see improvements in their psychological states, the female participants were slightly better off. Another study conducted by
Brollier et al. (1994) found that of the four adolescent, male participants they were able to work with in their study, all were able to gain
some benefit from the aerobic exercise of jogging. All the participants reported less depressive symptoms, as well as enhanced energy, and
a better self concept in general.
Although there have been a few studies conducted in the area of exercise and depression, almost all the studies have used aerobic exercise
as their independent variable, with only a few

Essay about The Effect of Excersie on Mental Health
The Effect of Excersie on Mental Health
I. Introduction
A. Although most people know about the many physical benefits that result from consistent exercise: 1. More than 60% of adults do not
achieve the recommended amount of physical activity. 2. In addition, 25% of all adults are not active at all B. This is disturbing, not only
because so many people are missing out on the physical benefits that result from exercise, but on the mental benefits that result from
exercise as well
II. Body
Main Point #1: A great deal of attention has been paid to the relationship between physical fitness and psychological health. The four
psychological areas that have been studied the most are: 1) Psychological well–being and mood, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
i. Results showed significant psychological benefits for both the high intensity and moderate intensity exercise groups. However, the
moderate intensity exercise group showed the greatest increase. ii. In addition, on follow–up testing that took places 3 months later, the
same results took place. 3. Summary a. Taking all the studies into consideration, the research shows positive effects on mood in both the
short–term and the long–term. However, the short–term benefits seem to have a stronger relationship than the long–term benefits. b. The
positive mood that results from exercise is due to less: anxiety, tension, depression, and fatigue.
B. Personality and Self–Concept 1. Studies have found a link between exercise and personality dimensions a. [Jasnoski and Holmes,
1981] 103 female college students were studied before and after a 15–week period of aerobic training. i. Results showed that after the 15
week–period was over, the participants were less inhibited, more imaginative, and more self–assured. ii. Greater aerobic performance was
significantly associated with the results being shown to a higher degree. 2. Type "A" Personality a. Type A personality is characterized by
an exaggerated sense of time urgency, competitiveness, and hostility. This is linked to heart disease. b. Most studies have

Fitness Plus
Students should begin by analyzing the capacity of the facility; however, the analysis is not as straightforward as it first may seem. There
is an issue of how capacity should be measured. Students should quickly recognize that an overall measure of capacity for the facility isn't
much help in determining if Fitness Plus is capacity constrained. If the service delivery process for each member were homogeneous, such
as a cafeteria or airline flight, then an overall measure of capacity, such as the number of members serviced over a given period of time,
would be an appropriate measure of capacity. However, the service delivery process at Fitness Plus is a menu–driven process where each
member chooses from a range of services the club ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With these issues in mind, the students can develop capacity estimates similar to the following:
1. Aerobics
* Assumption: Aerobics classes begin on the hour and last for 50 minutes.
* Capacity: 1 class per hour for 35 members
2. Cardiovascular
* Assumption: During peak demand times, each piece of equipment is limited to 30 minutes per member.
* Capacity: With 29 pieces of C–V equipment, 58 members per hour peak capacity
3. Nautilus
* Assumptions: Each member takes 1 minute to complete each exercise. The machines are set up so members flow through in a sequential
manner.
* Capacity: Maximum capacity at a steady state; cycle time 1 minute. 60 members per hour
Over the three–hour peak demand period, the Nautilus area may only process 156 members because it will take 24 minutes for the first
member to complete the entire 24–machine cycle.
These three areas of the club are the major areas of concern due to customer complaints, and they are where students should concentrate
their analysis. The tennis and racquetball areas can service the following number of members per hour:
Tennis: 12 members/hour for singles 24 members/hour for doubles
Racquetball: 16 members/hour for singles 32 members/hour for doubles
There were no details given in the case to determine the capacity of the free–weight area. So, if we aggregate the individual capacities into
an overall measure, the club can accommodate a peak capacity of 181 to 209

The Relationship Between Aerobic Capacity And The Level Of...
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AEROBIC CAPACITY AND THE LEVEL OF FITNESS OF ANAEROBIC EXERCISE IN YOUNG
ADULTS BY COMPARING THE MEAN CHANGE IN PULSE RATE AND THE NUMBER OF PUSH–UPS Introduction Cells undergo
respiration which produces adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for energy to support daily activities of human. There are two forms of
respiration, namely aerobic and anaerobic. Aerobic respiration uses oxygen as a reagent in order to produce a higher amount of ATP, yet
requiring a longer time. On the contrary, anaerobic respiration generates a higher amount of ATP per unit time, but leads to acidosis which
hinders the continuous supply of energy. The mode of respiration depends on the duration and intensity of muscular activity. Muscles used
for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is of utmost importance as the effects on cardiovascular system can be determined and subsequently, acting as an indicator for the
overall health of a young adult. The aim of the present study is to investigate the influence of aerobic capacity to the level of fitness of
anaerobic exercises. In the following experiment, subjects are requested to perform push–ups and step–ups. The anaerobic level of fitness
is determined by the maximum number of push–ups done by the individuals whereas the aerobic capacity is indicated by the change in
pulse rates. It is hypothesized that subjects with higher aerobic capacity will be more anaerobically fit (HA), whereas the null hypothesis
is that subjects with higher aerobic capacity will not be more anaerobically fit (Ho) Methods Refer to the School of Biological Science
(2015) Results In this experiment, the participants are classified into two groups, one with less than 20 push–ups (n=37) and the other with
20 or more push–ups

Social Pressure From Family And Time Spent On Aerobic...
Also, Figure 2 displays the link between perceived social pressure from family and time spent participating in aerobic exercise per week.
The relationship between these two variables was very weak and insignificant, r(206)= .04, p=.558, as summarized in Table 1. The
threshold significant p–value for data is p<.05. From our data, we can conclude that the weak correlation between social pressure from
family and the amount of time spent on aerobic exercise is likely due to chance and is therefore insignificant. Lastly, Figure 3 shows the
connection between social pressure from important figures in the participant's life and the amount of time spent on aerobic exercise. The
link between our independent and dependent variable here was positive and weak, r(206)= .17, p=.013, as summarized in Table 1.
Although the relationship between social pressure from important figures in the participant's life and time spent on aerobic exercise is
weak, this finding is significant. Since our calculated p–value from our Pearson's correlation test was very small, our positive correlational
finding was not likely due to chance. Therefore we can loosely state that as social pressure from important figures in the participant's life
increases, amount of time spent on aerobic exercise also increases. Discussion Due to how often young people attend social events and
functions, we predicted that social pressure would be a key indicator for our participants' exercise habits. We

Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Heart Rate
The Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Heart Rate
Introduction: Our bodies need to be in balance in order to function properly, and there are many ways the body maintains balance, or
homeostasis. Homeostasis is the maintenance of nearly constant conditions in the internal environment. Our normal heart rate is an
example of our body in homeostasis and any sort of change, or stimulus, can alter it. Exercise, adrenaline in the blood, and a low blood pH
are all stimuli that increase the heart rate. Exercise, for example, stimulates stretch receptors in the muscles. These receptors then send a
signal to a part of the brain called the medulla oblongata that receives the sensory input. It then in turn sends nerve impulses to the
sinoatrial node ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
We could even hold a serious/heated discussion and see if heart rate is affected in an intense conversation. There are many different things
you could do to test heart rate, as exercise is just one example.
Data: Each subject and their heart rate at certain time interval:
Subject Before exercise 0 minutes rest 1 min. rest 2 min. rest 3 min. rest 4 min. rest
1 100 BPM 120 BPM 104 BPM 104 BPM 104 BPM 104 BPM
2 120 160 156 156 152 148
3 72 100 76 80 76 72
4 72 120 80 72 72 72
5 96 136 124 120 100 100
6 68 120 72 72 76 80
7 60 116 64 64 64 64
8 68 160 84 88 80 84
Summary statement: Heart rate increases during and after exercise and begins to drop back down close to the basal rate after rest.
Citations
Heart Rate Regulation in Humans. (2010, January 23). The Student Room. Retrieved August 24, 2013, from

Aerobic Exercise Release Stress Research Paper
Aerobic Exercise Releases Stress Psychologists have researched and tested the theory that aerobic exercise combats emotional distress,
relieving stressors that combine with negative thinking patterns. Studies have brought psychologists to the conclusion that not only does
aerobic exercise release stress, but people who perform these exercises tend to show a significant decrease in negative and depressive
symptoms.
They tested this theory at Harvard University in Cambridge, MA, on ninety–five eligible male and female participants ranging from
eighteen to thirty–six years old using various methodologies. The participants required to complete three in–person lab visits, participated
in different activities each visit. On the first visit, they completed a questionnaire followed by a twenty–five–minute activity, that
consisted of resting, stretching or cycling. After completion, participants then undergo a computerized test, which includes: the N–back–a
memory test using twenty various trials, an Internal Shift Task– a test which measures two components of attentional control, set–shifting
and updating, and finally the stressor which led participants through two stressful tasks. After this process, they complete a ten–minute
survey, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Likewise, the Bible tells us that our bodies are a temple of the Lord. With this in mind, an individual should maintain good health and
work to better their mental and physical health, so that they may be ready to accomplish the plans that the Lord has for them. However, an
individual should not maintain their health for the sole purpose of pleasing God. Exercise intertwines with personal standards and respect
for your body. The researcher does not state an opinion on the purpose of mankind. However, they do suggest that the source of our
stressors include negativity, along with other factors dependent upon the

Aerobic Exercise Training
Hypothesis
We predict that aerobic exercise training will produce changes in the hippocampus both structurally and functionally. Its enhancement in
terms of the size will be correlated with improvements in the functions the hippocampal region is involved in. Particularly, exercise will
develop young individuals´ memory consolidation, a process through which memories are stabilized in the long–term, but also the long–
term potentiation phenomenon of it. This means a better capacity for converting short–term memories and information into long–term
ones. It is also predicted that depression scores and risks of falling into a depressive mental disease will be lower in trained subjects.
Methods and Measures
For the experimental ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Group 1 will be asked to live their normal lives without changing their routines and without doing any significant exercise. Groups 2 and 3
will practice swimming for 60 minutes, 4 days per week for 3 months. Each member that has to do this exercise will be asked to swim one
hour at the end of the day 4 days a week at a comfortable and regular pace. Except for this, they will be following their everyday routine.
The short–term memory capacity of these subjects before the aerobic exercise will be tested with the most common technique, which is a
test called Memory Span. It consists of showing the candidate a large list of random words, numbers or pictures one by one, one thing per
second. Recognizable and easy patterns mustn´t be used.
In this case they will be shown a sequence of 7 pictures, 7 numbers and 7 words in a random order, making a total of 21 items. Having
finished the sequence, the candidate will be asked to recall all the items in the right order immediately. Only the items recalled in the right
order will be taken into account as a correct answer. The number of right responses of each member of both groups will be written down
and saved.
In addition, a long–term memory test will be done. The individuals, just as in the short–term memory test, will have to memorize a list of
random words. They will have two minutes to memorize a list of 20 words. Once the time is over, they will have 5 minutes

Brief History Of Field Hockey
Introduction: A Brief History
Field hockey's origins can be traced back 4000 years to ancient Egypt, Greece and Persia, although the game, as we have all come to know
it, was developed in Britain in the late 19th century (Longstreth, 2014) . It is said to be the oldest team sport in history (Girasole, 2010) .
Field Hockey's original name was the "ball and stick" game. Hockey was initially played with a cube, instead of the ball we use today.
Hockey was initially considered to be too dangerous for women, but it became socially accepted when women were allowed to play sports
such as lawn tennis and croquette (Girasole, 2010). The first Women's field hockey team was formed in 1887 in England. Hockey made its
debut in the Olympics in 1908 and thus the International Hockey Federation was assembled (Girasole, 2010). Today, field hockey is the
second largest team sport in the world, played in over 100 countries (McBryde, 2013).
Identification of Problem
In a sport with so much ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These different responses can be a result of genetics, body size and shape, chronic conditions, past experience, injuries, gender and so
forth. For example, the training program for a women's hockey team will be different to the training program for a men's hockey team.
This would be due to factors such as men having higher testosterone levels, allowing them to build muscle mass faster, and men having
lower flexibility, the men would thus have to do more flexibility exercises in order to abstain from injury. Another example would be that
the links would have a different training program to the goalkeeper. The links would have a greater emphasis on fitness and speed, while
the goalkeeper would have more of an emphasis on flexibility and skill, although fitness would also be a large aspect. It is imperative that
a goalkeeper knows how to save a goal and is able to do so without injuring

The Physical Activity Guidelines For Americans ( U.s....
One thousand, four hundred forty–this is the number minutes everyone is given to spend as they so choose each day. Some may wonder
how best to spend this time to not only fulfill God–given purposes but also to ensure a long healthy life that can be enjoyed with loved
ones. Most people realize the importance of eating a well–balanced, nutritious diet and drinking plenty of water to be healthy. However,
when it comes to exercise, opinions vary on what is best. Many doctors urge patients to simply walk more, however, an equivalent amount
of time spent performing some form of resistance training versus walking may be the superior choice. Resistance (or strength) training
improves a person's overall health, enhances their quality of life, and can increase life expectancy.
According to the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2008), which is a
publication explaining the current recommendation for physical activity by the US government, adults should perform a minimum of 150
minutes of moderate–intensity aerobic exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous exercise per week along with muscle–strengthening activities on
2 or more days per week (p. 22). While it is admirable that strength training is included in these recommendations, it does not receive near
as much emphasis as aerobic activity. When most people think of resistance training, they think of the dangers or injuries that could be
incurred from weightlifting; "however,

Mental Health: Aerobic Exercise And Schizophrenia
Assignment 2
Exercise/Physical Activity and Mental Health
1) What was the rationale for doing the study? (2 marks)
According to studies, aerobic exercise has been shown to improve cognition in patients with schizophrenia. Although it still remains
unclear whether or not the benefits of aerobic exercise exceed beyond the training period. The purpose of this study was to examine the
immediate and the 3–month follow up effects of aerobic exercise on a wide range of cognitive functions in schizophrenia patients.
2) Briefly explain the design of the study (2 marks)
This study was a single–blind and randomized controlled design in which the patients had to meet very specific criteria in order to be
eligible for the study. The patients who met the criteria were recruited from two community mental health centers. After baseline testing,
participants were randomly al–located in the order in which they were enrolled into the study to participate in either AE (aerobic exercise)
or a stretching and toning control group. The participants had to go through ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The AE intervention was individually tailored for each participant based on an individual's age adjusted maximum heart rate. The patients
showed a high prevalence of sedentary lifestyles which led to the exercise duration and intensity of the exercise to gradually increase over
the 3–month time period. It is to be noted that duration and intensity was only increased until the participants were exercising at a
moderate intensity and using 55 – 69% of their max heart rate. Each session lasted 40 minutes with 5 minutes of warming up, 30 minutes
of exercise and 5 minutes cooling down following the session. However, the stretching and control group had a different program. The
session for this group consisted of warming up, performing flexibility exercises followed by cooling–down

The Effects Of Stress On The Body
Stress
Stress has no defined definition and cannot be measured. It varies across each individual. It can be either good stress or bad stress
depending on the nature, extent and outcome. It can be a good stress if it is temporary, positive, motivational and helpful for an individual
to accomplish more and can be a bad stress if it leads to mood swings and affects body systems. Stress is mostly commonly known as
physical, emotional and mental disturbance of a human body. Things that are stressful for one person cannot necessarily be stressful for
others.
Workplace stress is common in adults but children, teenagers; elderly people can also undergo stress for various reasons that can include
increase violence, peer pressure, substance abuse, social isolation, loneliness, loss of support etc. These are powerful stress busters.
Contemporary Stress
This kind of stress can cause more psychological problems than physical threats. Blood sugar level increases, blood clots can occur, rapid
increase of heart rate and blood pressure. Our body undergoes changes to fight or flight the stress but when this is repeatedly invoked it
may lead to heart attack, stroke and other deadly conditions.
Effects of Stress
Stress can lead to emotional and physical disorders including anxiety, depression, stroke, heart problems, gastrointestinal disorders, mood
swings, skin diseases and various other diseases. The American institute of stress has a list that shows 50 common signs and symptoms of
stress.

Power Lifting Vs Olympic Lifting
I have been a baseball player for the majority of my life, so it has always been a part of who I am. With playing the game comes the
training for it. As my career has progressed, I have been involved in many different training regiments; some very different from others.
Now that I am in college and am perusing a degree in kinesiology, training programs have become an interest of mine. Training methods
for baseball players is a huge debate within the sport. On one side, there are those who think Power Lifting and Olympic lifting are not
beneficial to player and promote training that involves cardiovascular endurance, while others think these lifts help to enhance players'
performance on the field. Olympic and Power lifting are more beneficial to baseball players than other forms or training like
cardiovascular endurance and medicine ball training for those at the high school level and above. Before I go into the details of the
benefits of Power and Olympic lifts, I should explain what it involves. Power lifting is a type of training that involves bench press, squat
and deadlift. With those core lifts there are also many variations of them. Variations include incline bench press, front squat, sumo deadlift
etc. and all have their own place in Power training. Olympic lifts can be a more technical and advanced than Power lifting. This kind of
lifting includes cleans, jerks, snatches, and the clean and jerk, which are all geared for total body strength and power. Starting with

Aerobic Exorcise: What Is Aerobics Exercise?
What is aerobics exercise?
According to many websites, aerobic exercise is defined as strenuous exercise that requires pumping of oxygenated blood by the heart to
deliver oxygen to working muscles. Aerobic exercise stimulates the heart rate and breathing rate to increase in a manner that is sustained
for the entire session. ("Aerobic Exercise: Learn Examples and Routines") There are many different forms and levels of aerobics exercise
such as low impact aerobics, water, step, dance and sports aerobics. Each form of aerobics is used for different purposes suited to different
people's needs. For example, people with back injuries or those who are unable to take on a lot of physical stress due to age or prior
injuries low impact aerobics is best suited.
Low impact aerobics such as walking, stationary biking, elliptical training, step training and water therapy. These forms of exercise reduce
the stress exerted on the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Step aerobics was introduced in the 1980 as part of the aerobics craze, it provides a complete full body work out focusing on cardio. In
such exercises the muscle building effects are surprizing, although the focus is on cardio, in step aerobics the main muscle being worked
are those of the lower body. Because of the intense workout you will maintain a healthy body weight.
Dance aerobics, exercises the large muscles according to the American Academy of Podiatric Sports Medicine it is "Essentially an hour's
workout set to music, a typical aerobics program begins with 5–10 minutes of warm–ups and stretching, peaks with 20–30 minutes of
target heart range dance, can include 20 minutes of a muscle stretching floor program known as body sculpting, and ends with 5–10
minutes of cool–down and more stretching" ("American Academy of Podiatric Sports Medicine – Articles & Resources.")
How does aerobics exercise give you more

The Effects Of Aerobic Exercise On Pregnancy
Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Pregnancy Aerobic exercise is another fantastic type of physical activity for pregnant women. It is a great
alternative for mothers who are apprehensive about resistance training. Aerobic exercise guidelines for mostly sedentary pregnant women
state that they should perform at about 60%–70% of their heart rate maximum, and guidelines for active pregnant women suggest they
perform at about 60%–90% of their heart rate maximum (11). The United States guidelines supports exercise throughout the full nine
months of pregnancy as a positive decision for expecting mothers (2).
Just a handful of gains made while aerobically exercising during pregnancy include maintaining weight, less complications with delivery,
a shorter labor, a decrease in stress, less back pain, a decrease in arterial stiffness, improved posture, increased self–confidence, improved
insulin sensitivity and glycogen storing, better sleep, a decreased risk of preeclampsia, decreased pelvic girdle pain, and an increased
quality of life (6, 9, 11, 12, 15, 16, 17, 19, 23). It is also important to acknowledge that mothers who exercised 3 months before they
became pregnant experienced even more advantages with a significant decrease in pregnancy discomforts (9). In two separate studies
made up of 43 and 37 pregnant women, mothers participated in a moderate aerobic exercise program. In the first study mothers were
trained with general exercise machines, and in the second mothers performed

Essay On Zumba
Why you need to wear a pair of shoes in Zumba?
Zumba in not only a dance but also an aerobic exercise that includes moving very fast with energetic music. This style of dance requires
front to back, side to side movement and sudden turning etc. These movements put much pressure on your feet. If you start your Zumba
workout barefoot, it may cause serious injury and Zumba will bring you with pain instead of benefits. So, to protect your feet and to get
maximum of Zumba, you need a special pair of shoes that will be your Zumba partner with great comfort, flexibility, protection and
sufficient grip to prevent your slip during workout. That's why, choose a perfect shoe!
Top 7 Nike Shoes for Zumba Workout
1. Nike Studio Trainer 2
Nike Studio Trainer ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Overlaid heel for extra comfort and flexibility
Phylite midsole doubling as an outsole reduces weight and increase durability
Rubber pods in the heel area allows multi–directional movements.
3. Nike Flex Trainer 7 Fade Training Shoe
The Nike Flex Trainer 7 Fade Training Shoe features a supportive platform to increase flexibility and grip in every step with lightweight
mesh materials. Forefoot cables of these shoes provides lock down fit during workouts. Its stability midsole provides quick transition and
an easy landing while injected units (IU) materials increases the cushioning. No–sew film bonding enhances durability. Auxetic Tri–star
outsole disperses pressure and flex grooves provide natural movement. It's a very good shoe pair for gym workout like Zumba as it is
lightweight, breathable, flexible and durable.
Key Features
Enhanced Breathability for single layer mesh upper
Mesh tongue with padded sandwich to reduce lace pressure and to increase ventilation
Push collar lining to improve comfort
Forefoot cables to provide a locked–down fit
Flex grooves in the outsole to increase natural

Aerobic Exercise Boosts Aerobic Capacity

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