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INTRODUCTION
Waste management is a systematic process of collection, transportation, disposal, and
recycling of waste materials generated by human activities. It encompasses a comprehensive
approach to handling various types of waste to minimize environmental impact, promote
public health, and conserve resources. The overarching goal of waste management is to
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efficiently and responsibly manage the lifecycle of waste, from its generation to its final
disposition, in a manner that reduces negative consequences on the environment and human
well-being.
One key aspect of waste management involves the organized collection of waste from our
local markets. This phase ensures the proper separation and containment of different types of
waste, facilitating subsequent processing. Transportation is another critical element, involving
the movement of waste from collection points to disposal or treatment facilities. Efficient
transportation systems are essential to prevent environmental contamination during transit.
The disposal phase of waste management typically involves various methods such as
landfilling, incineration, or waste-to-energy processes. Landfills are engineered sites where
non-recyclable and non-hazardous waste is buried, while incineration involves controlled
burning of waste to reduce its volume and generate energy. Recycling, an integral part of
modern waste management, aims to recover and reuse materials from waste streams, reducing
the demand for raw resources and minimizing environmental impact. Successful waste
management strategies often incorporate a combination of these methods, prioritizing
sustainability and adherence to regulatory standards. Proper waste disposal offers advantages
for both the environment and society. By employing efficient waste management practices,
we can reduce the risk of environmental pollution air, water, and soil quality. This, in turn,
protects public health by controlling the spread of diseases.
BACKGROUND
The problem of waste management (WM) is a global concern and affects even the developed
nations. Many of our daily activities involve the creation of waste. That is a problem because,
we dispose of our everyday waste very inefficiently. Inappropriate waste disposal can cause
many problems for human health and environment. The Management of waste continues to
be a significant challenge in urban areas throughout the world, particularly in the growing
cities.
However, if we review the history of the world regarding waste management and sanitation,
we will find, that many societies knew the problems and benefits of waste. Although there are
societies that still do not fully understand the problems and the diseases that can be caused by
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waste, in modern times, they widely aware of the dangerous diseases caused by unsanitary
waste that is not properly managed.
Globally, an estimated 94% of the diarrheal diseases and lower respiratory tract infections
and malaria associated with risk factors such as poor environmental sanitation and hygiene.
In Europe and America, waste problem was first recognized in 18th century at the beginning
of the industrial revolution. According to studies and research done on the problems caused
by waste, it is said that 12.6 million people die every year in world wide.
The problem of waste management is more severe in Africa where it has become an
increasingly difficult and complex problem as well as a major public health and
environmental concern.
In Africa alone 2.2 million people die every year from diseases caused by waste. The most
common diseases caused by waste include TB, pneumonia, diarrhoea and others.
In Somaliland, the accumulation of wastes in local market, and around local markets is very
widespread, because rising population ultimately increases the rate of meat consumption and
their wastes easily become environmental and health hazard.
In this study, environmental sanitation is defined to activities aimed at improving the standard
of basic environmental conditions affecting the wellbeing of people.
Local market wastes in Hargeisa are not collected regularly for various reasons.
Transportation is minimally present if any since many butcher shops & green groceries are
not well organized or lack proper collection facilities. Proper waste management should lead
to proper environmental sanitation, local markets in Hargeisa city have generally not
designated waste collection points. They also lack regular waste collection plans supported
by either local authorities or collection companies. However, there is a lack of knowledge on
effect of waste management on environmental sanitation in Hargeisa city.
Therefore, as a Golis student, especially year three class the department of medicine and
surgery, when we saw the unproper management of wastes in Hargeisa markets that caused
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the healthy problem in our society, we decided to do research on the level of waste
management in Hargeisa, the capital of the country.
METHODOLOGY
This study was used cross-sectional survey research design, the study was conducted at
Hargeisa city, Somaliland. Hargeisa is the capital city of Somaliland.
The sample size for this study was 10 Butcher shops with a target population of 20. The study
employed by simple random sampling to select the sample. Further was get permission from
the concerned Butcher shops in Hargeisa town. Researcher was used questionnaire to collect
data.
This study was used questionnaire method to gather the primary data from the issue under
investigation. questionnaire is a blend of close-ended and item in a single instrument.
All participants who participated in the study were made to understand the purpose of the
study, verbally assured of confidentiality for their responses and that they should not write
anything on the questionnaire that could reveal their identity.
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DATAANALYSE
7.which type waste disposal materials u use
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
21-40 41-60
how old are you
1.AGE
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
gender male female
2.GENDER
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Chart Title
YES NO
NO QUESTIONS YES NO TOTAL
4 have ever heard waste management 51 6 57
6 is there a wase management truck on your business 55 2 57
10 are u satisfied the way u manage ur waste 41 16 57
11 have ever heard that waste can be recycled 15 42 57
12 if waste management system is strenghned by the GT will u obey 45 12 57
13 do u have any advice to promote waste management programs 37 20 57
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plastic bag 44
cartoon 11
trash can 2
8.where do u collect ur waste
side road
3
2
beside me
2
1
well prepared area for it 4
3.WORK
EXPERIENCE
1-10
YEARS 33
11-20
YEARS 22
MORE 2
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
waste disposal materials
to use
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
where do u
collect ur waste
side road beside me well prepared
area for it
Chart Title
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CONCLUSION
This study sought to determine the effect of waste management on environmental sanitation
of local markets in Hargeisa, Somaliland. Based on the findings above, the researchers made
the following conclusions as per the respective objectives; Furthermore, the first objective;
the researcher concluded that there is significant effect of waste collection on environmental
sanitation of local markets in Hargeisa, Somaliland.
In relation to the second objective, the researcher concluded that the waste transportation has
significantly affected environmental sanitation. Lastly, the last objective, waste disposal has a
significant effect on environmental sanitation of local markets in Hargeisa, Somaliland.
RECCOMENDATION
The study investigated effect of waste management on environmental sanitation of local
markets in, Hargeisa city. The study recommends that local government and ministry of
health and the district committee to develop environmental sanitation education programs
concerning proper solid waste management at local market level and distribute the local
market waste collection and transportation containers with cover and also designate disposal
sites for the city The researchers recommends also that further research should investigate in
whole Somaliland cities, because poor environmental sanitation exist other regions which can
be due to local market solid waste management.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
WORK
EXPERIENCE
1-10 YEARS 11-20 YEARS MORE
EXPERIENCE
