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RAPMをベーシックスタッツで
重回帰する
バスケのデータ分析におけるトップダウンなアプローチのデモンストレーション
らんそうるい
(@rnsr0371)
2021/10/31
⾃⼰紹介
nらんそうるい(Twitter ID : @rnsr0371 )
• データアナリスト⽬指して絶賛求職中!
n⼤学時代の専攻
• 実験⼼理学(not 臨床⼼理学)
n使⽤ツール(経験年数)
• R⾔語(6年)
• Python(1年)
トップダウンとボトムアップ
nトップダウンな分析 → こちらを選択
• オールインワンメトリックを解釈可能な粒度に分解
• 勝利に貢献する選⼿の特徴の抽出を⽬指す
nボトムアップな分析
• 個々のプレーに得点期待値を付与
• 勝利に貢献するプレーの抽出を⽬指す
nこれらは⾞輪の両輪
• 互いに補完し合う
• どちらが優れていて、どちらが劣っているという話ではない
⾊々ありますオールインワンメトリック
nRAPM(Regularized Adjusted Plus-Minus)→ これを選択
• リッジ回帰による選⼿毎の+/-の推定値
• 安定させるには3~5年分のデータが必要
nBPM(Box Plus-Minus)
• ボックススコアから選⼿の貢献を評価
nPIPM(Player Impact Plus-Minus)
• 重みづけたボックススコアとOn/Offデータから選⼿の貢献を評価
RAPMの特徴
n⻑所
• 他のオールインワンメトリックの「親」→評価が正確だとされている
• チームメイトの影響を受けない
• +/-なのでほとんど勝利への貢献そのもの
n短所
• 3~5年分のデータが必要
• なぜ値が⾼いのか低いのかの解釈が難しい→ブラックボックス
RAPMの特徴
n⻑所
• 他のオールインワンメトリックの「親」→評価が正確だとされている
• チームメイトの影響を受けない
• +/-なのでほとんど勝利への貢献そのもの
n短所
• 3~5年分のデータが必要
• なぜ値が⾼いのか低いのかの解釈が難しい→ブラックボックス
RAPMのばらつきをスタッツのばらつきで説明できれば、
ブラックボックスを脱却できる!
→RAPMを従属変数、スタッツたちを独⽴変数に置いた重回帰分析を⾏う
データ分析──データセットと分析⽅法
nデータセット
• Ahmed Cheema様の5-year RAPM(2017~2021年のデータのみ使⽤)
• NBA公式スタッツ(2016-17~2020-21レギュラーシーズンの平均データ)
• 出場時間が平均15分に満たない選⼿を除外(N = 514)
n分析⽅法
• ⼿法:重回帰分析
• 従属変数:RAPM
• 独⽴変数:得点・リバウンド・アシスト・スティール・ブロック・
ターンオーバー(全て48分換算した上で標準化)
データ分析──相関⾏列
データ分析──結果
n⾃由度調整済み決定係数は
0.293
• 6つの独⽴変数でPIPMの
ばらつきを30%程度説明
n5%⽔準で有意
• 得点・リバウンド・アシスト・
ターンオーバー
データ分析──考察
nRAPMへの影響(標準化偏回帰係数の絶対値)の⼤きさ
• 得点=アシスト>ターンオーバー>リバウンド
n出場時間中の得失点差なので得点とアシストはほぼ同価値
nターンオーバーが多いほどRAPMは下落
nリバウンドが多いほどRAPMは向上
• 直感に沿った結果が得られたと考えられる
まとめ
nバスケのデータ分析の分類を提案
• トップダウン & ボトムアップ
nトップダウン型のデータ分析を実演
• RAPMを重回帰して、⾃由度調整済み決定係数を調べた
nRAPMのばらつきを上⼿く説明できるスタッツを作れれば、
バスケの理解に繋がる?
もっと詳しい説明はこちら
n【バスケットボール】
トップダウンなデータ分析とボトムアップなデータ分析
nRAPMをベーシックスタッツで重回帰する@NBA

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RAPMをベーシックスタッツで重回帰する