3. Clinical Manifestations
Stage of evacuation: sudden onset with
Frequent loose motions(1L per hour) without
pain or colic, initially yellow soon become
colorless watery typical rice-water stools which
consist of clear fluid with flecks of mucus.
Copious watery vomiting follows the diarrhoea
4. Clinical Manifestations
• Stage of collapse: the loss of fluid and
electrolytes lead to intense dehydration with:
muscle cramp , cold clammy and wrinkled skin
, sunken eyes , BP falls ,pulse not palpable and
urine output diminished
• death within hours
7. TREATMENT
• Strict barrier nursing.
• Rapid replacement of fluid, electrolytes, and
base, with high Na levels (90mmol/L) to correct
for Na losses in stool or Ringer’s lactate for pts
with10% weight loss.
• Antibiotics can be used in conjunction:
doxycycline, 300 mg once; ciprofloxacin in a
single dose not to exceed 1 g/d; or erythromycin,
40mg/kg in three divided doses for 3 days.
8. prevention
• Drink only poiled or treated water.
• Kook all food well (especially seafood), and eat
it hot ), keep it covered, and peel fruits and
vegetables*
• Use safe water to brush your teeth, wash and
prepare food, and to make ice.
• Clean food preparation areas and kitchenware
with soap and safe water and let dry
completely before reuse.
9. cont
• 2. Wash your hands often with soap and safe
water*
• Before you eat or prepare food
• Before feeding your children
• After using the latrine or toilet
• After cleaning your child’s bottom
• After taking care of someone ill with diarrhea
10. cont
• 3. Use latrines or bury your feces (poop); do
not defecate in any body of water
• Use latrines or other sanitation systems, like
chemical toilets, to dispose of feces.
• Wash hands with soap and safe water after
defecating.
11. cont
• 5. Clean up safely—in the kitchen and in
places where the family bathes and washes
clothes
• Wash yourself, your children, diapers, and
clothes, 30 meters away from drinking water
sources.
• vaccination.
