Language and Written Expression IV

1. Discourse
Analysis
Language Beyond the Sentence

2. The analysis
of discourse
is concerned
with the
study of
language in...
Texts
Conversations

3. Cohesion
TIES WITHIN TEXTS
"My father is 60. He is an
accountant. His friend,
Mark, is my godfather."
Cohesive ties: He, his

4. CONNECTION OF IDEAS
"I studied hard for the math
exam. However, I didn't get
the passing mark."

5. Speech Events
ROLE OF SPEAKER
CONVERSATIONCONVERSATION
DEBATEDEBATE
INTERVIEWINTERVIEW
SPEECH EVENT
ROLE OF HEARER
RELATIONSHIP

6. Turn-TakingTurn-TakingTurn-Taking

7. CO-OPERATIVE
PRINCIPLE.
THE FOUR
MAXIMS
Quantity Maxim: Give the information
required
Quality Maxim: Do not provide false
information
Relation Maxim: Provide relevant
information
Manner Maxim: Be clear and brief.

8. HedgesHedgesHedges ImplicaturesImplicaturesImplicatures
Sort ofSort ofSort of
Correct me if ICorrect me if ICorrect me if I
am wrong...am wrong...am wrong...
LikelyLikelyLikely
ThinkThinkThink
CouldCouldCould
-Will Sally be at-Will Sally be at-Will Sally be at
the meeting?the meeting?the meeting?
-Her car broke-Her car broke-Her car broke
down.down.down.

9. Background Knowledge It helps the reader to build
interpretations on what is read.
SCHEMA
SCRIPT
CONVENTIONAL KNOWLEDGE IN OUR MEMORY
Classroom: Board, desks, windows,
door.
A SERIES OF CONVENTIONAL ACTIONS
Cooking pizza; laying the table,
doing chores.