The document provides a detailed timeline of the history of film from the early 1830s to the present. Some of the key events and developments include: - The first moving images were produced using devices like the zoetrope in the 1830s. William Fox Talbot invented the photographic negative in 1839. - Thomas Edison developed the Kinetoscope in 1889 and the Kinetograph movie camera in 1893, making the first motion picture exhibitions possible. - In 1895, the Lumiere brothers developed the Cinematographe, which combined a movie camera and projector, allowing films to be publicly projected for the first time. - The 1920s saw the rise of Hollywood and the

1. FILM HISTORY
Reference: buzz.bournemouth.ac.uk/history-film-timeline/
Group 2
Valera, Chesca

2. Brief History of Fil

3. Early to Mid 1830’s
 Moving images were
produced on revolving drums
and disks with independent
invention by Simon von
Stampfer (Stroboscope) in
Austria, William Horner
(zoetrope) in Britain and
Joseph Plateau
(Phenakistoscope) in
Belgium

5. 1839
 British inventor,
William H. Fox Talbot
made paper sensitive
to light by bathing it in
a solution of salt and
silver nitrate. The silver
turned dark when
exposed to light and in
turn created a
negative, which could
be used to print
positives on other
sheets of light sensitive
paper.

6. 1867
 The first machine patented
in the United States that
showed animated pictures
was a device called the
“wheel of life” or
“zoopraxiscope”. Patented
by William Lincoln, moving
drawings or photographs
were watched through a slit

7. 1878
 British photographer
Eadweard Muybridge takes
the first successful
photographs of motion,
showing how people and
animals move.

8. 1885
 American inventor George
Eastman introduces film
made on a paper base
instead of glass, eliminating
the need for glass plates.
Eastman was one of the first to successfully mass-produce dry
plates for photographers.

9. 1888
 By starting to develop
films using its own
processing plants,
Eastman Kodak
eliminates the need for
amateur
photographers to
process their own
pictures.

10. 1889
 Thomas Edison and
William Dickson
developed
the kinetoscope, a
peep-show device in
which film is moved
past a light.

11. 1891
 The Edison company successfully demonstrated
the Kinetoscope, which enabled one person at a
time to view moving pictures.

12. 1893
 Thomas Edison displays his
Kinetoscope at the World’s
Columbian Exhibition in
Chicago and receives patents
for his movie camera, the
Kinetograph, and his
peepshow device.

13. 1894
 The first commercial
exhibition of film took
place on April 14, 1894
at the first Kinetoscope
parlor ever built.

14. 1895
 Two French brothers,
Louis and August Lumiere
originated a combination
movie camera and
projector, capable of
projecting an image that
can be seen by many
people. In Paris, they
present the first
commercial exhibition of
projected motion pictures.
Lumiere and his brother
were the first to present
projected, moving,
photographic, pictures to
the paying audience.

15. 1896
 Edison showed his
improvedVitascope
projector and it was
the first
commercially,
successful, projector
in the U.S

16. 1905
 Cooper Hewitt
mercury lamps make
it practical to shoot
films indoors
without sunlight.

17.  1906 The first
animated cartoon is
produced.
o1909
There are about 9,000 movie theaters in the United States.
The typical film is only a single reel long, ten- twelve minutes in length,
and the actors were anonymous.

18. 1910
 Actors in American films
began to receive screen
credit, and the way to the
creation of film stars was
opened.
1911
o Credits begin to appear at the
beginning of motion pictures.

19.  1912
Carl Laemmle
organizes Universal
Pictures, which will
become the first
major studio.
o1915
The Bell & Howell 2709 movie
camera allows directors to
make close-ups without
physically moving the camera.

20.  1923
Warner Bros.is
established.
o1925Western Electric and Warner Bros.
agree to develop a system for movies
with sound.

21.  1925
The first in-flight movie is shown. It was a black & white, silent film
called The Lost World, is shown in a WWI converted Handley-Page
bomber during a 30-minute flight near London.

22. 1927
 Warner Bros.’s The Jazz
Singer, presents the movie’s
first spoken words: “Wait a
minute, wait a minute, you
ain’t heard nothin’ yet.” The
Vitaphone method that the
studio uses involves
recording sound on discs.

23.  1928
Paramount becomes the first
studio to announce that it
will only produce “talkies” (a
movie with a soundtrack)
o1929
The first Academy Awards are announced, with the award for
the best picture in 1927 going to ‘Wings’

24.  1930 The motion picture
industries adopts the
Production Code, a set of
guidelines that describes
what is acceptable in movies.

25.  1931
American gangster films like Little Caesar and Wellman’s The Public
Enemy became popular. Dialogue now took superiority over
“slapstick” (Comedy based on violence) in Hollywood : the fast-paced,
witty banter of The Front Page (1931) or It Happened One Night (1934),

26.  1933 Theaters begin to
open refreshment stands.
o1934The first drive-in
movie theater opens
in New Jersey, USA.

27.  1937Walt Disney’s first
full-length animated feature,
Snow White and the Seven
Dwarfs, is released.
o1939American
cinema brought such
films as The Wizard of
Oz and Gone with The
Wind.

28.  Early 1940’s
The desire for wartime propaganda created a renaissance in the film
industry in Britain, with realistic war dramas like 49th Parallel (1941),
Went the Day Well? (1942), The Way Ahead (1944) and Noël Coward
and David Lean’s celebrated naval film In Which We Serve in (1942).

29.  1940The success of Snow
White and the Seven Dwarfs
allowed Disney to make
more animated features
like Pinocchio (1940),
Fantasia (1940), Dumbo
(1941) and Bambi (1942).

30.  1945 ‘
Post-classical cinema’ described the
changing methods of storytelling of the
“New Hollywood” producers. The new
methods of drama and characterization
meant the story chronology may be
scrambled, storylines may feature
unsettling “twist endings”.

31.  Early 1950’s
The House Un-American Activities Committee investigated
Hollywood. Protested by theHollywoodTen before the committee, the
hearings resulted in the blacklisting of many actors, writers and
directors, including Chayefsky, Charlie Chaplin, and Dalton Trumbo,
and many of whom fled to Europe, especially the United Kingdom.

32.  1952
The Cold War era translated into a type of near-paranoia manifested in
themes such as invading armies of evil aliens, (Invasion of the Body
Snatchers and The War of the Worlds).
o1953 Seven-year contracts with actors are replaced by
single-picture or multi-picture contracts

33.  1957
The cinematic industry was threatened by television, and the increasing
popularity of the medium meant that some film theatres would become
bankrupt and close. The demise of the “studio system” spurred the self-commentary
of films like Sunset Boulevard (1950) and The Bad and the
Beautiful (1952).

34.  1960
Hitchcock’s Psycho
was released.
oEarly 1960′s
The studio system in
Hollywood declined, because
many films were now being
made on location in other
countries, or using studio
facilities abroad, such
as Pinewood in the UK and
Cinecittà in Rome.

35.  1962
Hollywood films were still
largely aimed at family
audiences, and it was often
the more old-fashioned films
that produced the studios’
biggest successes.
Productions like Mary
Poppins (1964), My Fair Lady
(1964) and The Sound of
Music (1965) were among
the biggest money-makers
of the decade.

36.  1964The growth in independent producers and production
companies, and the increase in the power of individual actors also
contributed to the decline of traditional Hollywood studio production.
oLate 1960′s Saw Hollywood filmmakers begin to create more innovative and
groundbreaking films that reflected the social revolution taken over much of the
western world such as Bonnie and Clyde (1967),The Graduate (1967), A Space
Odyssey (1968), Rosemary’s Baby (1968), Midnight Cowboy (1969), Easy Rider
(1969) and The Wild Bunch (1969). Bonnie and Clyde is often considered the
beginning of the so-called New Hollywood.

37.  1970’s Filmmakers
increasingly depicted explicit
sexual content and showed
gunfight and battle scenes
that included graphic images
of bloody deaths.
o1971 Marked the release of controversial films like Straw Dogs, A
Clockwork Orange, The French Connection and Dirty Harry. This sparked
heated controversy over the perceived escalation of violence in cinema.

38.  Mid 1970′s A new group
of American filmmakers
emerged, such as Martin
Scorsese, Francis Ford
Coppola, Roman Polanski,
Steven Spielberg, George
Lucas
o1972 Film director’s begin to express their
personal vision and creative insights. The
development of the auteur style of
filmmaking helped to give these directors far
greater control over their projects than
would have been possible in earlier eras. This
led to some great critical and commercial
successes, like Scorsese’sTaxi Driver,
Coppola’s The Godfather films.

39.  1976The phenomenal
success in the 1970s of Jaws
and Star Wars in particular,
led to the rise of the
modern “blockbuster”.
Hollywood studios
increasingly focused on
producing a smaller number
of very large budget films
with massive marketing and
promotional campaigns.

40.  Early 1980′s
Saw audiences began increasingly watching films on their home
VCRs. In the early part of that decade, the film studios tried legal
action to ban home ownership of VCRs as a violation of copyright,
which proved unsuccessful. Eventually, the sale and rental of films
on home video became a significant “second venue” for exhibition
of films, and an additional source of revenue for the film
industries.

41.  Early 1990′s
Saw the development of
a commercially
successful independent
cinema in the United
States. Although cinema
was increasingly
dominated by special-effects
films such as
Terminator 2: Judgment
Day (1991), Jurassic Park
(1993) and Titanic (1997),
independent films like
Steven Soderbergh’s Sex,
Lies, and Videotape
(1989) and Quentin
Tarantino’s Reservoir
Dogs (1992) had
significant commercial
success both at the
cinema and on home
video.

42. oLate 1990′s Another cinematic evolution began, from physical
film stock to digital cinema technology. Meanwhile DVDs became
the new standard for consumer video, replacing VHS tapes.
 1992Americans spend $12 billion to buy or rent video tapes,
compared to just $4.9 billion on box office ticket sales. 76% of
households have VCR players.
o1994 Steven Spielberg, Jeffrey Katzenberg,
and David Geffen form the film
studio DreamWorks.

43.  1994
Major American studios began to create their own “independent”
production companies to finance and produce non-mainstream
fare. One of the most successful independents of the
1990s, Miramax Films was bought by Disney the year before the
release of Tarantino’s runaway hit Pulp Fiction in 1994. The year
1994 also marked the beginning of film and video distribution
online. Animated films aimed at family audiences also regained
their popularity, with Disney’s Beauty and the Beast (1991),
Aladdin (1992), and The Lion King (1994).

44.  1995 The first feature length computer-animated
feature, Toy Story, was produced by Pixar Animation
Studios and released by Disney. After the success of
Toy Story, computer animation began to grow and
became the principal technique for feature length
animation, which allowed competing film companies
such as DreamworksAnimation and 20th Century
Fox to effectively compete with Disney with
successful films of their own.

45.  2000The documentary
film began to escalate as a
commercial genre for
conceivably the first time,
with the success of films
such as March of the
Penguins and Michael
Moore’s Bowling for
Columbine and Fahrenheit
9/11.
o2001 Saw the beginning of a growing problem of
digital distribution to be overcome with regards to
expiration of copyrights, content security, and
enforcing copyright. There is higher compression for
films, and Moore’s law allows for increasingly cheaper
technology.

46.  2002 More films began being
released simultaneously
to IMAX cinema, the first was Disney
animation Treasure Planet.
o2003 The Matrix
Revolutions and a re-release
of The Matrix
Reloaded could be viewed
in IMAX cinemas.

47.  2005The Dark Knight was the first major
feature film to have been at least partially shot
in IMAX technology.
o2009 James Cameron’s 3D
filmAvatar became the highest-grossing
film of all time.

48.  2010 onward 3D films gained
increasing popularity with many
other films being released in 3D. The
best critical and financial success
was the feature film animation
of Walt Disney Pictures/Pixar’sToy
Story 3.
o2012Titanic was re-released
in a special 3D version to
celebrate the 100th anniversary.

49. THANK YOU!
HAVE A
GREAT AND
BEAUTIFUL
DAY! :)