American Nurses Association Case Study Nursing Education

American Nurses Association Case Study Nursing Education
As described by Standard 13 of the American Nurses Association (ANA), the nurse administrator
"supports research and its integration into nursing and the delivery of healthcare services"
(American Nurses Association [ANA], 2009, p. 81). Accordingly, for this analysis, I have selected
Competency 1, which states that the nurse administrator "creates the environment and advocates for
resources supportive of nursing research and scholarly inquiry" (ANA, 2009, p. 81).
As I previously disclosed, I am completing clinical practice at a worker's compensation case
management company. My current manager and the company's leadership encourage all nurses to
further their education. I personally completed my bachelor in sciences in nursing working for this
company and I'm currently enrolled in the master program with full support from the organization's
leadership and peers. The healthcare organizations are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The information was made available to all purposely, so we can participate in these programs. The
company offers loan repayment programs, tuition reimbursement and special prices at specific
colleges or universities (CEO, 2016). These programs, as well as the "company online university"
(CEO, 2016, p. 3) and the preceptorship availability, facilitate the process of "nursing research and
scholarly inquiry" (ANA, 2009, p. 81)
We discuss with physicians and clients the application and implication of existing medical
guidelines regarding to worker's compensation injuries and their corresponding management and
length of treatment. In the future, we have requested to assist with the improvement and
development of these guidelines attempting to incorporate the nursing touch. As a result of this
request we have been encouraged by the organization's management to go deeper in our research
program, making it available to the leadership for future review, consideration and great inclusion
(CEO,
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The Quality And Safety Education For Nurses Essay
Summary Explanation & In–Depth Description Believe it or not, nurses can be lazy. This is
especially true towards the end of a 12–hour shift after working three days in a row. Critical pieces
of information about hospitalized patients can be lost in the realm of communication due to one
thing: a poor hand–off report. Quality handoff report enables nurses to recognize changes in patient
status and anticipate risks thus ensuring patient safety. When a shift–change occurs, the seamless
transfer of knowledge relevant to each patient must be accurate and complete. The Quality and
Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) movement was initiated in 2005 as a response to summons for
improved quality and safety in nursing practice. Nursing leaders joined forces to create consistent
competencies to integrate into nursing education with the goal to prepare future nurses to develop
the necessary knowledge, skills, and attitudes focused on quality and safety. The QSEN initiative
has flourished in the realm of healthcare and become a national resource for nursing educators and
transformed into a framework of competency for all nurses. Based on the Institute of Medicine's
competencies (2003), the QSEN faculty and National Advisory Board designed six specific
competency categories including patient–centered care, teamwork and collaboration, evidence–
based practice, quality improvement, safety, and informatics. As a major contribution to healthcare
practices, these statements serve as a

The Importance Of Patient Education And The Care Of A Nurse
Introduction
There are many attributes that are important in order to provide quality nursing care. One of these
aspects is patient education. Teaching a patient is important because it provides the patients with the
information they need to take care of their health concerns when they are no longer in an
environment that has nursing or medical supervision. Providing patient education can also reduce a
lot of fear and anxiety that comes with dealing with new health concerns that may be unfamiliar to
the patient and their family. As technology advances teaching aids have become more accessible to
patients and nurses. Teaching can be provided through pamphlets, information packages and
sessions, websites and seminars. While a patient is in the care of a nurse it is important that they are
constantly provided with appropriate education and access to learning aids. The case study chosen
for this paper is on Joseph a 19 year old football player. Joseph has had an injury that has restricted
him from playing for the next season. Teammates have noticed that Joseph has started to distance
himself from football related things, begun to stay in more and gain weight. They are worried and
have urged him to see the team nurse.
Assessment
Whilst analyzing the clients nursing care needs the nurse will see where there is a need for education
(Crisp, Douglas, Rebeiro & Taylor, 2013). The learning needs will then become implemented in the
care plan. The teaching process requires assessment

History of Education and Philosophy of Nurse Education
The History and Philosophy of Nurse Education
Amy Allin
Capella University
Abstract
Each educator brings to the academic arena their own personal nursing philosophy that is based on
experience and is historic in nature. By studying the history of nursing, the educator is able to guide
the student through their education process. As an educator the nurse becomes an extension of one's
own personal philosophy. Nursing theory serves as the foundation on which to develop a personal
philosophy and characterizes nursing as a profession based on the art of caring and science. In 1907,
Adelaide Nutting and Lavinia Dock wrote in the preface to their book on the history of nursing:
"the modern nurse, keenly interested as she is in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The key to effective education is the commitment of the nurse educator (Bastable, 2003).
Philosophy of Nursing Education Historically the philosophy of nursing education is still patient
centered with theories of caring but nursing education and modalities have gravitated from hospital–
based programs to science based programs in colleges and universities.
"If higher education is to be a crucial sphere for creating citizens equipped to understand others,
exercise their freedoms, and ask questions regarding the basic assumptions that govern democratic
political life, academics will have to assume their responsibility as citizen–scholars, take critical
positions, relate their work to larger social issues, offer students' knowledge, debate, and dialogue
about pressing social problems, and provide the conditions for students to have hope and believe
that civic life not only matters but that they can make a difference in shaping it" (Giroux, 2006). The
nurse and nurse educator share the same s personal philosophy of nursing acquired through
knowledge and life experiences. Wiedenbach believed that nurses' philosophy was based on their
attitude, belief about life and how they reflected reality for them. The three essential components
associated with nursing philosophy are a reverence for life; respect for the dignity, worth, autonomy,
and individuality of each human being; and a resolution to act on personally and professionally held
beliefs (Nursing Theory, 2011).

The Quality And Safety Education For Nurses
The Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (also known as QSEN) began in 2005 as a project to
train nurses with necessary tools to be competent and safe nurses. QSEN was funded by the Robert
Woods Johnson Foundation and was divided up into 3 phases, and the project's lead investigator is
Linda Cronenwett (qsen.org, 2014). During Phase 1 (2005–2007), 6 competencies were defined with
the institute of medicine: patient centered care, teamwork and collaboration, evidence–based
practice, quality improvement and informatics, and safety. During Phase 2 (2007–2009), at this time
pilot schools began integrating the six competencies into their nursing programs. Phase 3 (2009–
2012), The Robert Woods Johnson Foundation gave additional funding to UNC school of Nursing
and the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) to assist and continue the project.
The UNC and AACN began to develop the faculty expertise needed to be successful and instill the
competencies within textbooks, licensing, accreditation, and certification standards. The AACN
hosted regional faculty development programs to spread outreach across the U.S about quality and
safety content for undergraduate programs. In 2012, The Robert Woods Johnson Foundation donated
almost a million dollars in additional funding to extend the reach of QSEN into the curriculums of
graduate programs across the U.S. Currently, QSEN is being implemented into nursing school
curriculums around the country and being introduced into

The Comfort Theory : Katharine Kolcaba
Introduction Katharine Kolcaba Nurse Theorist developed the comfort theory. The comfort theory as
described by Ms. Kolcaba, is the obtaining of strength by getting needs for comfort addressed in
four perspectives instantly. These contexts include a patient's physical as well as psycho–spiritual.
Also included in this is the socio–cultural and environmental (Masters 2004). The purpose of this
paper is to discuss Katharinie Kolcaba's theory, the comfort theory, and how this theory can be used
in nursing practice History of Theorist Katharine Kolcaba Katharine Kolcaba is from Cleveland
Ohio. From the early 1960's through 1997 Ms. Katharine Kolcaba spent time completing her nursing
education. She attended St. Luke's Hospital School of Nursing in 1965, Frances Payne Bolton
School of Nursing, Case Western University in 1987, and then went on to receive her PhD in
nursing. She has also received a certificate of authority clinical nursing specialist in 1997. Katharine
Kolcaba spent a lot of time specializing in comfort interventions as well as end of life care. She had
specialized in Gerontology. She was also an associate professor of nursing at the University of
Akron College of Nursing at one point (Comfort theory 2011). The metaparadigm of the comfort
theory In the comfort theory the health or illness of the patients involves not only the objective but
also the subjective. It is not only the patients' physical examination that would be included but also
their

Nurse Continuum Of Education
In the world of medicine, the continuum of educating the nurse begins in the classroom and can end
in the patients' room. This is a nurse lifelong journey of education. Learning does not cease there.
Whether it is in the practicum setting of the hospital, teaching staff or the staff–teaching patients
there is a benchmark set by the institution to be accomplished. There are numerous ways to become
a leader and initiate many positive aspects of a good strong leader. Example, the nurse educator had
the opportunity to become a positive role model to a student on a masters level and share her skills
of educating others. This career has gone beyond the bedside teaching and extended to a leader
initiating quality and safety to another nurse. As a

Education: Nursing and Clinical Nurse Leader Essay
Question 1 identify the educational preparation and role(s) of the clinical nurse leader (CNL)
designation. Give an example of how the CNL influences direct patient care whether in a hospital or
out in the community.
Answer1 There are six elements to the CNL role, they are: leadership and change, interdisciplinary
relationships, knowledge transfer, outcomes management, clinician at the point of care, and
professional development.
CNLs should be assigned to a specific unit of the hospital or area. They are not a direct caregiver,
but a facilitaor of direct care. They work with the healthcare team to provide support, assessment of
patients that have complicated healthcare needs, discharge planning and rehab needs. They are a ...
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Client advocate: ensures clients, families and communities are well–informed and included in care
planning and improving care. Also serves as an advocate for the profession and health care team.
Educator, Information manager: able to use information systems and technology. Systems
analyst/Risk anticipator: able to participate in systems review to improve quality of client care
delivery. Team Manager: able to properly delegate and manage the nursing team resources and serve
as a leader. Member of a profession, and Lifelong Learner: recognizes the need for and actively
pursues new knowledge and skills as one's role and needs of the health care system evolves.
Reference
American Association of College of Nursing (2012).White Paper on The Role of the Clinical Nurse
Leader Retrived from: http://www.aacn.nche.edu/publications/white–papers/cnl
Question 2
Identify advocacy strategies that you can use to create change in your current workplace.
Answer 1
In a profession where others' health and well–being are priority, there leaves room for neglect of
those who are delegated to care for these people. As a professional nurse, there are many obstacles
that arise and affect the care provided to a patient, as well as the livelihood of the nurse. The current
deteriorating and unsafe staffing conditions in hospitals and other institutions prompts workplace
advocacy as the universally appropriate concept for maintaining professional nursing practice.
Common

Nurse Continuing Education Hours
Most people that attend college put their time in and at the end of their two or four years receive
their degree, get a job, and think that I that they are finally done with school. When a nursing
student finishes their degree and passes the NCLEX and gets their first nursing job that is when the
real learning takes effect. Each and every day in the medical field things are constantly changing and
getting updated. In order for the nurse to provide the best care to the patients, that the nurse keep up
with continuing education. According to the Indiana Professional Licensing Agency website (n.d.),
nurses are not mandated to have continuing education hours for regular licensure renewal. A nurse
would be required to prove continuing education hours only if the nurse's license has been expired
for more than three years; if it has been ten years or less the nurse would be responsible to provide
proof of completing twenty–four contact hours. The twenty–four hours are broken down into six
hours in each of the following categories: assessment, documentation, pharmacology, and
legal/ethics from an accredited provider. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A lot of hospitals in the area are requiring a nurse with an Associate's Degree in nursing to attain a
Bachelor's of Science in nursing within a certain time frame. On top of that, depending on the job,
the nurse can also be required to take an ECG class and/or obtain ALS certification within the first
year of employment. Education is not only important and beneficial for the patients to know that the
nurse taking care of them has most up to date the knowledge and training that is

Continuing Education For Nurses Essay
In a world where different industries continue to become more and more competitive, many
employers select potential employees with a much higher form of education. The medical industry,
particularly nursing, is one of these industries that require more advanced education. In this regard,
continuing education for nurses continues to become a trend these days. This program is vital
because nurses are the ones who often speak to patients and acquiring important educational content
can be of great help for them to become more successful in their career. Generally, continuing
education for nurses is mandatory for a license renewal. This program is based on contact hours or
units. In most states, the program usually works for 10 contact hours, which ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
It also helps nurses become up–to–date on new medical or nursing information. In addition, courses
offered in this program are ideal not only for nurses. Many courses are also perfect for other busy
professionals like caregivers who seek convenient learning process to prepare themselves for the
examination required for licenser. Before pursuing continuing education for nurses, you need to be
aware of the legislature of your state first. In present days, some states no longer consider this kind
of program as a requirement for a license renewal. This is because the nursing boards of these states
no longer believe that the program is necessary to increase nursing competence. On the other hand,
many other states continue to keep their commitment with the program. Since requirements vary for
every state, institutional policy, and area of specialty, it is best to make relevant inquiries regarding
the education itself as well as the learning process. Furthermore, reaching out to the Board of
Nursing of your state is a brilliant idea to become a well–informed candidate. After acquiring
pertinent information, the next best thing to do is review the course you are taking before

My Plans for Nursing Essay
If you are trying to pursue a career in nursing you should do your research on this field. I have
learned so much about what it takes to pursue a career in nursing and that there is so much more to it
than just choosing what kind of nurse you want to become, to find out all about nursing you have do
all the research possible. There are many roles that a nurse has such as a caregiver, educator,
advocate and many more. The practice level of nursing is very broad also, there are plenty of
degrees that you can get as a nurse, along with the specialty areas of practice I want to become a
pediatric nurse which would be a specialty area. The practice settings of nurses vary from a hospital,
community, outpatient, or school there is an endless ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is called an advocator, knowing their patients needs and wants so they can speak for the patient
when they cannot speak for themselves. If you want to be a nurse advocate, you must first earn a
bachelor's or associate degree in nursing, or graduate from a nursing diploma program. After
successfully completing your education, you will need to pass the exam to become a licensed
registered nurse. Nurses could also be a counselor maybe for particular things such as the people
that are in charge of meetings for addicts. There is also nursing management which is performing
leadership functions such as decision–making within organizations and employing nurses. It
includes the common thing management do like planning, organizing, staffing, directing and
controlling. There is also a nurse coordinator; the clinical nurse coordinator serves as the eyes and
ears for the nurse manager on a given shift. They make rounds on patients and staff, leads by
example, and serves as a liaison between the unit and other hospital departments. Lastly a nurse
could be a researcher; a Nurse Researcher is a monthly journal which publishes original research
and clinical articles relevant to the practice of nursing research. Nurse researchers are scientists who
study various aspects of health, illness, and health care. By designing and implementing scientific
studies, they look for ways to improve health, healthcare services, and

Relationship Between Medical Errors, Nurse Education And...
The relationship between medical errors, nurse education and patient safety and education. Geni
Mathurin Columbia College Professional issues in nursing have propelled many different challenges
and opportunities. Complex issue arises everyday putting a hinge on providing quality care. The
relationship between entry into nursing practice, education levels of nursing, medical errors, and
improving patient outcomes will help shed some light on the adversary's nurses face every day,
whether it be directly or indirectly. The American Nurses Associations state, "Working together we
address critical issues to strengthen nursing and improve health care (Cipriano & Berkowitz, 2016)".
Entry into practice have long been a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There is strong evidence that with better nursing staff comes better patient outcomes. Hospitals with
the improved care environment alongside nursing staff could see an increase in quality of care.
Nurses were asked to score the level of satisfaction they had at their current employer. The
percentage of nurses who reported that the quality of care was poor, was twice as high in hospitals
with a poor environment, then the hospital that had a better hospital environment, with high
dissatisfaction of the hospital setting, nurses refused to recommend the hospital to a family member
or even friends. The systemic review research, also expresses that with a poor patient environment,
mortality rates increased, especially in the surgical setting by 60%. The systemic review research,
makes suggestions that improved patient care environment could be beneficial to improve quality
care and patient outcomes. Implementing magnet hospitals will allow hospitals to bring in bachelor
degree nurses with increased education, thus improving quality of care. Thirdly, nurses face the
ultimate challenge of possible medical errors. Medical errors occur every day, the chances of dying
from a car accident, injury, or HIV is far more less than possibly dying from a medical error. "To err
is human: Building a safer health system", describe how we human are prone to error, after all we
are still human. Nurses are usually at the end of the totem pole when a

Becoming A Nurse Practitioner : My Experience And Overall...
Some of the most important values, skills, and knowledge that I have acquired through my Regis
education steams from faculty, rigorous coursework, lab experience and overall high level of
education. The faculty are very interactive with students and present knowledgeable findings in
scientific research. Specifically, the biology professors have pushed me to ask more questions and to
gather information on my own. Through this, I have gained an understanding on life outside the
classroom and outside Regis. What life could be in a research laboratory or facility. The biology
major program has definitely shaped the scientific person I want to become. Although I am not
extending my education in biology, but rather turning to graduate school in nursing, I will always
carry the values and knowledge I learned in biology. I think being a biology major will help me
more in the long run of becoming a nurse practitioner because I will have a more in–depth
knowledge and understanding of how cells interact with each other and how they work with our
body systems.
I have worked in the microbiology laboratory for the past 2 years, as a microbiology laboratory prep
assistant, where I was recently promoted to Head Microbiology laboratory prep assistant. This
position has had a great impact on my experience at Regis College because I have learned what
working in a laboratory entails and have developed a work ethic that I am proud of. I work with
other professors filling orders and have helped

Quality And Safety Education For Nurses
Quality and Safety Education for Nurses
Teamwork and collaboration are capable to effectively function within professional teams,
remaining respectful, mutual decision–making, and developing open communication to attain the
optimal quality of care for patients. To create a collaborative atmosphere, several characteristics
must be involved; knowledge, skills, and attitude. Knowledge is a way to describe an individual's
strengths, weaknesses, and principles to collaborate within a group of workers. Skills, the awareness
of the individual's proficiencies as a team member. Attitude is the individuals potential to interact
within a group. (QSEN Institute, 2014) Importance of Integration of Teamwork Integration of
teamwork is important because it is essential in this profession. According to Cameron (2012), there
is "a greater need for health and social services to work together closely and effectively to offer an
integrated and evidence–based practice" (p.212). Health care is a constant changing environment;
patient's needs are prioritized, and collaboration is necessary because of this shift in the stability of
care from hospital facilities to the community. Team effectiveness can be influenced by many
things; structure, communication, leadership, attitude, values, skills, and education. (Cameron, 2012,
p.212–213)
Implications in Nursing Education Nursing education is not only based on our education that is
attained through school, but also from gaining skills in

The Responsibilities of Nurses When Providing Patient...
Patient education is a process of providing patients and their families with information, knowledge
and skills that are necessary for the management of their health and illness concerns (Park, 2005). It
is the responsibility of nurses to follow the teaching process when providing patient education. They
includes assessing the patient educational needs, planning an educational session, implementing the
plan, and evaluating the educational process. Obstacles to teaching and learning are those that
confront nurses in the educational process. Nurses can find that they don't have enough time,
knowledge, and teaching skills. In addition, patients' literary level, and environment and personal
conditions will affect their ability to learn. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I have to carry many tasks at the same time so that I don't have enough time to follow education
process. In addition, not all of my patients are proficiency in English. I have to ask for qualified
translators. Sometime, I must use language line service if no translators are available. This will
hinder the teaching process and delay patient's learning ability.
Two Learning Theories that I Think Would Be Useful in the Educational Process and Explain
Cognitive learning theory and humanistic learning theory are two learning theories that I think
would be useful in the educational process. Cognitive learning theory take the patients' cognitive
into considerartion such as perception, though, memory, and ways of processing and structuring
information. Gestalt, information processing, human development, social construtivism, and social
cognition are also well known perspectives of cognitive learning theory (Bastable, 2013). Everyone
has the own way to perceive and learn depending on his/her level of cognitive development and
social influences. Humanistic leaning theory is also useful in the educational process. The theory is
based on Maslow hierarchy of needs. The basic survival needs have to be met before the patients
can move up safety needs. Following the safety needs is belonging and love need. The top of the
hierarchy is esteem followed by self–actualization (Bastable, 2013). Patients will be interested in
learning about their medications, rules for selfcare,

Continuing Education As Nurses
Continuing Education as Nurses
Introduction
The definition of education is, "the process of receiving or giving systematic instruction, especially
at a school or university" (Merriam–Webster, 2015). Education in general is important. In nursing it
is especially important because the medical field is constantly changing. In order to keep up with
these constant changes, continuing education becomes the number one way to learn the new
changes. There are many opinions regarding why education should or should not continue. In
addition, continuing education may have barriers and benefits for some.
Discussion
Continuing education is important in so many ways (Arungwa, O. T., 2014). Nursing is always
upgrading to newer techniques (Arungwa, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the Arungwa study, several benefits included: (a) nurses receive an increase in salary; (b) nurses
have the same knowledge; and (c) the medical facility operates more effectively and efficiently
(Arungwa, O. T., 2014). In the Nalle, Wyatt, and Myers study, many nurses believed continuing
education increased knowledge, skills, professional growth (increase in salary), and better patient
outcomes (Nalle, M., Wyatt, T., & Myers, C., 2010). Barriers within the Arungwa study included:
(a) scheduling time off from work to attend classes; (b) financial burden to pay for additional
training; and (c) time management between family, work, and school (Arungwa, O. T., 2014). In the
Nalle, Wyatt, and Myers study, fewer barriers were identified. These barriers included travel to and
from classes and program relevance (Nalle, M., Wyatt, T., & Myers, C.,

The Importance Of Continuing Education For A Nurse
As a brand new nurse coming out of nursing school, you may be thinking that you have completed
your education and that you are ready to start practicing as a Registered Nurse. As a new
professional this is partially correct, but you still have many years of continuing education. There
are two different aspects of continuing education for a nurse: advanced educational programs or
specific continuing education courses. Throughout this discussion I will be focusing on the
importance of continuing education for nurses. The American Nurses Association defines continuing
education (CE) as "learning activities designed to augment the knowledge, skill and attitudes of
nurses and therefore enrich the nurses' contributions to quality healthcare" (as cited in Schaeffer,
2015, p. 13). Continuing education courses are not only important for the individual nurses
competences and professionalism, but it is also important in regards to the care delivered to patients
and the patient outcomes. Throughout this discussion I will explain the importance of CE, how it is
beneficial to the nurse, and how it effects the patients we are giving care to. As for any other
profession, CE is a professional responsibility to all nurses as well. Although there are states in the
United States that do not require CE in order to renew their license every two years, it is still an
obligation every nurse should meet to fulfill their personal competences and knowledge. The ANA
sets out The Code for

In 2005, The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation developed the Quality and Safety Education for
Nurses (QSEN) initiative in an effort to rectify alarming conditions illustrated by the Institute of
Medicine (IOM) report, To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System (Quality and Safety of
Education for Nurses [QSEN], 2005). The original goal of QSEN included improving patient safety
by applying the findings of the IOM report to enhance pre–licensure nursing curriculums. The
QSEN model focuses on enhancing student mastery of the core knowledge, skills and attitudes
(KSAs) that are essential to safe, quality patient care. These KSAs revolve around six competencies:
patient centered care, teamwork and collaboration, evidence–based practice, quality improvement,
safety and informatics (Potter, Perry, Stockert, & Hall, 2013).
In 2012, more than a decade after the IOM report inspired nationwide initiatives for remediation,
medical errors were the third leading cause of death in the United States (Hospital Safety Score,
2013). Today, QSEN employs an enhanced approach and expanded outreach (Dolansky & Moore,
2013). The QSEN initiative shows promise, but to achieve measurable improvements in patient
safety, health care organizations must also embrace a culture of safety.
The QSEN Mission Today
Ten years after its inception, the QSEN mission continues to evolve. The Leapfrog Group recently
reported little evidence of improvement of quality and safety in hospitals. QSEN responded by

Difference Between Nurses with Different Level of Education
Difference between nurses with different level of education As nursing has become a highly
competent profession, the educational opportunities for nurses have increased significantly. The
hospitals and other organizations that provide health care are also competing with each other and
now the demand for nurses with bachelor degree is increasing. For decades the American Nurses
association and the National League for nursing have attempted to make the BSN the only
educational program for RNs in the US. This essay focuses on the difference in the competencies
between nurses prepared at the associate–degree level versus the baccalaureate–degree level in
nursing. Studies have shown that the higher educated RNs have a better ... Show more content on
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On a telemetry floor when two new nurses, each with different educational background, that is BSN
and ADN started working, it was noted that they both competed with each other in terms of the
patient care skills. In regards to critical thinking skills such as collecting all the necessary
information, prior to calling the doctor, or making appropriate decisions in a patient emergency, was
noted to be more prominent in the nurse with BSN degree when compared to the ADN nurse. Even
though their skills are not comparable with the experienced nurses the nurse with BSN was able to
develop the critical thinking skills faster and work more efficiently. The BSN nurse also exhibited
leadership skills, and was motivated and enthusiastic to learn more. When a post angioplasty patient
was bleeding from the groin site, the two above mentioned new nurses went into the room, and the
AND nurse was noted to go out to call an experienced nurse for help. At the same time, the BSN
nurse stayed with the patient even though did not know what to do, and used the phone in the room
to call for help which is more appropriate and safety of the patient. Healthcare is progressing toward
advance degrees. The BSN is really an entry level now. The bachelor degree in nursing

Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN): The Key is Systems Thinking Article Critique
Milagros Cruz
Goodwin College RN – BSN Program
NUR 460: Seminar in Professional Nursing Leadership
Summer 2015
Introduction Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) was developed with the purpose of
providing professional nurses with the knowledge, skills and attitudes (KSA) necessary to
continuously improve the quality and safety of the health care systems within which they work
(QSEN, 2014). However, since its implementation and integration in nursing education, studies
show little progress in improving quality and safety in health care delivery (Dolansky & Moore,
2013). The purpose of this article critique is to evaluate the cause analysis and recommendations
made by the authors.
Body
Dolansky and Moore (2013) argued that the development and integration of QSEN competencies
into nursing education had not have the outcomes intended. They stated "over a decade has passed
since the Institute of Medicine (IOM) report, To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System" and
national initiatives to improve quality, especially QSEN, have been futile in significantly improving
quality and safety. "QSEN is a national movement that guides nurses to redesign the "what and how
' they deliver nursing care so that they can ensure high–quality, safe care" (Dolansky & More 2013).
Dolansky and Moore looked at the delivery of education of QSEN competencies and

Informatics competency Nowadays, the healthcare system is rapidly changing, placing a large
burden on nurses. The rate at which the changes are taking place is high and nurses are finding it
increasingly difficult to accommodate these changes in their learning and practice. Unlike in the past
where health institutions were cautious to change, better effective technologies and innovation have
caused a shift from this notion. Modern health institutions are more open to change and are ready to
try out new technology. This factor has placed nurses in a difficult position as their tools of trade are
constantly changing and increasing in complexity. This problem of nurses is what the QSEN tries to
address. The Quality and Safety Education for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The main agenda was to prepare nurses with knowledge, attitude, and skills in an effort to
continuously improve their workplace safety and quality. QSEN acts as a guide to nurses by
informing them how to deliver nursing care. QSEN has developed competencies that nurses are
supposed to follow. The competency statements are six in total. Nurses' educators can utilize the
competency statement in incorporating the statement to their curriculum. The overall goal of the
creation of QSEN was to address the challenge in the preparation of future nurses with the attitude,
skills, and knowledge necessary so that they can continually improve the quality and safety
standards in healthcare systems. The accomplishment of this goal involved QSEN developing six
competencies for pre–licensure nursing education. Patient–centered care is one of the six
competencies. This competency advocates for nurses to respect a patient's preferences, needs, and
values. A patient is the source of control and partner in the providence of compassion. Teamwork
and collaboration are the other competencies. They advocate for communication, respect, and shared
decision–making for quality care of patients. Evidence–based practice is the third competence,
which advocates for up–to–date evidence, clinical expertise, and patient's preferences and value in
the provision of optimal healthcare. Quality

The For A Better Health Care System Essay
Health is very important to everyone regardless of race, gender, religion, culture and status in the
society. When health fails, people expect to be taken care by well–skilled, knowledgeable and safe
nurses. In partnership with the 2010 Affordable Care Act and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation,
Institute of Medicine implemented recommendations to help and support the delivery of a better
health care system. The Institute of Medicine is defined as identifiers, for study and analysis,
important issues and problems that relate to health and medicine. They initiate and conduct studies
of national policy and planning for health care and health–related education and research. Hence,
responds to requests from the federal government and other agencies for studies an advice
(definition.net). Along with the important role of IOM to the society, they placed some of
recommendations that will have an impact on the future towards nurse's education, nursing practice
and role as a leader.
One of the four key messages that IOM presented as a recommendation is nurses should achieve
higher levels of education and training through an improved education system that produce a
seamless academic progression (Sullivan, 2011). There are four levels of nursing education:
diploma, associate degree, baccalaureate, and master of nursing degree. It is agreed that the amount
of responsibilities between those RN with ADN and BSN is almost the same. For some people who
are unaware, there are advantages of

Quality And Safety Education For Nurses: A Case Study
Quality and safety competencies as a component of the nursing academic curriculum became a
focus of reflection and debate after the publication of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) reports in
2000 and 2003. The IOM reports found clinical education was out dated with the changing
healthcare systems, and patient populations. The Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)
framework represents a national effort to redesign nursing education around knowledge, skills, and
attitudes, which are crucial to improve patient safety (Cronenwett et al., 2007). Developed with
funding from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and building on the IOM reports, QSEN created
a new paradigm for nursing education.
In order to practice safely and effectively, QSEN

Counseling : The Mind Body Institute 's Education...
in other environments, talking out feelings with family or friends help to alleviate feelings, and
crying has also been seen to help let out anger in a therapeutic way.
Milliken et al. (2007) recommend by "Utilizing a program such as the Mind Body Institute's
Education Initiative with nurses may translate toward improved health and, consequently, fewer
missed days of work, enhanced patient care, and improved relations within and among nurses, staff,
and patients". This program assists individuals when it comes to reducing stress by educating people
about different methods to help cope with stress by obtaining a present focus, stretching, music
therapy, nutrition, exercising and other ways. Methods like exercising helps release endorphins that
help to promote positive feelings. By enforcing nurses to attend these programs allows for them to
understand how important is to developing and using these techniques and explore methods without
being distracted by unit activities. If programs like this were utilized nurse burnout (attributed to
decreased retention of workers and increased mandatory overtime) can be decreased.
Counseling is helpful when nurses have emotions that seem out of control and need space to reflect
on them. Milliken et al. (2007) writes "Individuals experiencing high levels of work–related stress
and burnout may also benefit from professional counseling". A counselor may be able to help with
relaxation, assertion, and time management skills. Because of the

The Importance Of Teaching For Nurses With Home With The...
Teaching is a vital part of nursing; with home healthcare on the rise teaching by nurses is only
becoming more important to insure the patient has the best outcome even when they are not
supervised 24 hours by a registered nurse. It is because of proper patient education that patients can
now go home with conditions that would have previously insured longer hospital stays. There are
various treatment plans that can be performed at home with the correct education and guidance. On
7/14/15 I implemented a teaching plan and taught it to my patient during clinical hours. My patient
was a 46 year old Caucasian female from Cary where she was a preschool teacher. She was alert and
oriented to self, person, place and situation. K.Y. recently obtained her bachelors in social science.
Family is extremely important to my patient, so taking care of her body and remaining healthy are
among her top priorities. She and her family were surprised to find out she had a hepatic adenoma at
a routine yearly exam. K.Y. followed instructions and directions from her primary care doctor which
landed her at UNC hospital receiving a left sided hepatectomy on 7/8/15. Since the surgical
procedure K.Y. has been unable to defecate, is having expected surgical pain and is worried about
her incontinence worsening due to her current condition. Upon spending time and talking with my
client she mentioned she would like to learn some ways to strengthen her abdomen to help prevent
incontinence. She was able to

Barriers During Nurse Patient Education
To improve the delivery of patient–centered care it is very important for healthcare providers to be
culturally competent and understand every aspect of human life, including beliefs, values, and
customs regarding lifestyle and health care (Edelman, Kudzma, Mandle, 2014). In order to provide
qualified care for minority groups, nurses should respond to their needs and be able to recognize
patients' cultural differences, religious beliefs, spiritual and cultural values, their level of education
with learning style, and their lifestyle. This may be benefit to the health promotion and illness
prevention during nurse–patient education process.
Facing barriers can be challenging for nurses to provide optimal care to diverse population. Nurses
should

The Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) initiative is a newer project within the nursing
realm. It began in 2005 with funding from the Wood Johnson Foundation. The overarching goal of
QSEN "has been to address the challenge of preparing future nurses with the knowledge, skills, and
attitudes (KSAs) necessary to continuously improve the quality and safety of the healthcare systems
in which they work," (CRWU, 2014). Many nurses are still unaware of the initiative, and hospitals
are slowing starting to recognize the initiative and employ its goals and competencies into their
policies and procedures. This paper will focus on two selected competencies as they are found in
practice at Los Alamitos Medical Center, including safety ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
For both criteria, outcomes include having the knowledge, skills, and attitude that lead to achieving
goals that enhance the hospital organization as a whole.
Describe what has been done to initiate each competency and give details of what evidence is
present to support your analysis.
Los Alamitos Medical Center has taken several steps to implement safety and informatics, as well as
all other competencies. They have put a lot of effort into developing their adherence to different
requirements and supporting the staff in following these guidelines. Some of their efforts include
creating teams and committees, having daily huddles, monthly meetings, education sessions, and
yearly training in–services for all staff members. Over the past few years, they have seen significant
growth and development among their staff. They have seen parallel improvement in their patient
satisfaction and clinical accomplishments. However, the medical center still has a long way to go in
order to catch up to nearby hospitals and up to date evidence–base practices. Safety has been driven
on multiple

Creina Twomey Gender Roles
"Most people do not have a problem with you thinking for yourself, as long as your conclusions are
the same as or at least compatible with their beliefs." By Mokokoma Mokhonoana. Gender roles
have always been a very debatable topic because both male and female have something to say about
the other gender whether is good or bad. Men and women need one another to push each other
forward. They need each other so they can prove the other wrong in what they can and cannot do.
Society has stablished rules which by even unconsciously most people believe for example; that
men are into cars, or that all women love the color pink, that men dominate completely and that
women can't drive, that women belong in the kitchen and that it is the men's job to ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
He is one of the most caring and compassionate human beings I know, I am not saying that because
he is my cousin but because I honestly do think that. My Uncle he is a very macho man thinks that
nursing isn't a career for a men. The reason I chose to talk about this subject is because I saw how
difficult it was for my cousin not only in school, but also in his personal life. When my uncle found
out of what my cousin had decided to do and what career he wanted to follow he was furious at him
and did not talk to him. I was mad at the fact that my cousin was being punished for wanting to
follow a career where he cared for people. He didn't congratulate him when he actually became a
nurse. I saw how much my cousin struggle to be a nurse not only in school, but also dealing with his
dad in his personal life. It makes me feel furious that people think there is something wrong with a
man being a

Nursing As A Organizational Profile
Organizational Profile
Organization
This paper will outline the health care service of educating nurses at the bachelor, masters and
doctorate level education at a private catholic university in the Pacific Northwest. The primary aim
of the university is to provide high quality education to prepare students for success in their chosen
career and in life. The university provided small class sizes to allow personal connection between
students and professors (Catholic Profile, 2017).
Service Offerings
The university is a liberal arts focused institution with over forty different degree programs ranging
from American studies to Theology. The nursing degree program is the largest program currently
offering two levels of nursing degrees ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Workforce Profile:
BSN instructors in the on–campus clinical laboratory and support staff. Support staff provides
clinical scheduling, academic advising, and assistance with clinical requirements. The leadership
consists of a division dean, graduate and undergraduate program deans, program chairs of the
doctorate program, undergraduate program and the RN to BSN bridge program. Lead instructors
provide a continuity for courses with multiple sections taught by different instructors. Team
members offer leadership as committee members and task of leaders. Nursing faculty who teach in
the graduate program have either a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in a Nursing related field or a
Doctorate of Nursing Practice (DNP). The teachers of the bachelor's degree program have a
minimum of a master's degree in nursing. On campus clinical and off campus clinical instructors
must have a minimum of a bachelor's degree. There is a mix of tenured faculty and non–tenured
instructors, the mix fluctuates depending on applicant availability and student need.
Organizational Structure
The organizational structure is complex, the larger university governs the school of nursing,
moreover the program is regulated by a state board and must partner with the community to meet
student practice needs. Students have a practice requirement health care institution outside the

Quality And Safety Education For Nurses: Case Study
Was QSEN discussed in your nursing program? I graduated from Washington Hospital School of
Nursing in 2006. The Quality and Safety Education for Nurses was established in 2005
(QSEN,2017). I cannot recall the QSEN being discussed in my nursing program.
If QSEN was not discussed, were quality and safety discussed in another manner? Yes, patient safety
was integrated throughout the nursing program. We did not have an actual class on patient safety but
it was widely enforced. In the class room, we discussed patient safety measures such as fall risk
assessment, medication safety, and patient identification. In clinical we had to apply and assess for
safety measures by checking arm bands, medication reconciliation, assess patients fall risk, ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I recall instructors sharing stories about their personal experience related to patient safety. One of
the instructors shared a personal experience of being subpoenaed to court to testify in a case. She
stated the event took place four years prior and barely remembered the circumstances but her
charting protected her from any wrong doing. We also watched films and discussed topics of safety
that focused on patient safety from the patients perceptive. For instance, medication errors that
caused harm or death, patient elopement, and wrong site surgeries to name a few. As a nursing
student, I recall being terrified at the thought of being responsible for any safety issues that would
harm or injure your patient. How can you use QSEN in your current nursing practice? I currently
work in case management and have only in this role for a little over a month. However, when I was
floor nurse QSEN and its core foundation could have been implemented as standard practice. The
six principles of the QSEN knowledge skills and principles support the frame work of patient safety
and should be the forefront of any hospital or healthcare organization. The evidence base practice
that supports these six key factors has proven to reduce medical errors, save countless lives and
foster leadership within the nursing field (QSEN,

Third Year Nurseversary
My Third Year "Nurseversary" In a few short weeks I will be coming up to my third official year as
a clinically practicing bedside registered nurse. I am feeling a mixture of emotions: Pride,
restlessness, uncertainty, elation, determination, humble, and many other feelings I cannot yet
describe since there is no name for them. Nursing is all I ever wanted to do. I can't quite remember
how I caught the bug but I do remember making the decision to pursue this career and never looking
back. I have pushed through so many obstacles while still in school and since starting as a
professional working nurse, it's a wonder how I managed to stay committed to nursing these past
three years. I will admit there was a dark time about a year ago where I just felt that nursing was
letting me down and I was becoming too jaded too quickly. Dangerous staffing ratios, experienced
nurses isolating themselves from us newer nurses, plummeting morale and a difficult patient
population all helped push me into a disconnect with my profession. It was then that I realized I
needed to take a step back and analyze and evaluate what I wanted to gain from my career. I needed
to figure out how to change my perception and fall in love with my job again. That's when I decided
to learn more about the varying pockets of nursing, their advanced counterparts and go forward with
what appealed to me. I was desperate to make a change and take on a new challenge. Even when I
started undergrad, I knew deep down that

What Is Imogene King's Theory Of Goal Attainment?
Imogene King was born in 1921in Iowa. Growing up, she dreamed of being a teacher but began
nursing school to escape her small town life. She graduated with a diploma in nursing in 1945, then
three years later earned a Bachelor of Science in Nursing Education and worked as medical–surgical
instructor and an assistant director at St. John's School of Nursing until 1958, fulfilling her lifelong
dream of being a teacher wither nursing career. She went on to earn a Master of Science in Nursing
in 1957 and a doctorate in education in 1961 (Imogene King, 2011). King then became an associate
professor at Loyola University in Chicago and formed a master's degree program that was based on
her nursing concepts, which later became the framework for her theory.
King's Theory of Goal Attainment was proposed in the 1960s and published in 1981. It was derived
from her conceptual system which presented in 1968, and incorporates the concept of self,
perception, growth, development, time, interaction, communication, role, and coping. The Theory of
Goal Attainment is a practice methodology based on the nurse and patient setting goals together, and
the nurse assisting the patient to meet these goals they set for their health (Caceres, 2015). These
interactions between the nurse and patient are the process in which the professional relationship
develops, mutual goals are set, and actions are planned to achieve these goals. It is an interaction–
transaction process and is based on the nursing

QSEN Project: Relevance To Growth in Nursing The Quality and Safety Education for Nurses
(QSEN) project began in 2005, funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Its overall goal
throughout its development has been to acknowledge and confront the challenge of ensuring that
future nurses are equipped with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary to maintain and
improve the quality and safety of healthcare systems (Case Western Reserve University [CWRU],
2014a). The project was composed of three phases. Phase I (2005–2007) defined six competencies:
patient–centered care, teamwork and collaboration, evidence–based practice, quality improvement
and informatics, and safety (CWRU, 2014b). For each of the competencies, knowledge, skills, and
attitudes for usage by students in nursing pre–licensure programs were outlined. Furthermore, a
range of strategies for clinical, classroom, and simulation–based learning were developed for
students to be successful in their respective programs. Phase II (2007–2009) was deemed as an
"action phase"; fifteen pilot schools implemented the six competencies into their nursing programs
and the website, QSEN.org, was launched in April 2007 making teaching strategies and resources
easily–available to instructors (CWRU, 2014c). In this phase, QSEN also established partnerships
with representatives of health care organizations to both collect data and share knowledge regarding
best nursing practices. Advanced practice nurses also

Safety "The delegation of the Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) is to challenge
nurses of their knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSA) for continuous improvement for the quality
and safety of the healthcare systems where they work. Ensuring safe care is a fundamental value and
ethical responsibility of the nursing profession (International Council of Nurses, 2000)." All nurses
should be well educated to understand that safety reduces the possibility of injury to the patients and
providers; and after they are educated on safety they should implement the standards in their
everyday practice along with helping to research on ways to improve safety measures. Education for
Safety QSEN recommends that not only teaching critical thinking skills (Simpson & Courtney,
2002), nurses should also be taught the knowledge of systems thinking. "The ability to engage in
systems thinking has been viewed as a key component in the successful delivery of safe and high
quality care" (Bataldan & Mohr, 1997; Bataldan & Leach, 2009; Batalden & Stoltz, 1993; Senge,
2006). One way to teach systems thinking is to learn how to do a root cause analysis (Lambton &
Mahlmeister, 2010; Tschannen & Aebersold, 2010). Root cause analysis (RCA) is a procedure to
help workers to stop blaming one individual for errors they have made to understand the cause that
may have led them to these errors. Recent studies have shown that, " Having nursing students
participate in RCAs during their undergraduate

An Electronic Health Records ( Ehr ) Specialist And...
My interest in all things healthcare related led me to take a position as an electronic health records
(EHR) specialist and trainer at North East Medical Services, a federally qualified health center
based out of San Francisco. With no prior computer programming background, I accepted the
challenge and fed my curiosity by entering unfamiliar territory. Through this experience, I gained a
unique perspective on the physiology of a health clinic from medical coding to charting and was
privileged to witness the transformative work of a nurse practitioner. The role refined my abilities to
lead execution intensive projects with time constraints and to stay present and grounded in high–
pressure situations.
After deciding to pursue my dreams of being a nurse practitioner, I volunteered at Glide Health
Services, a UCSF–affiliated nurse ran the clinic. The opportunity opened my eyes to the high–risk
population of San Francisco. I grew into my role as an assistant to the triage nurse. The high volume
face paced clinic taught me to think critically in an efficient yet safe manner and refined my ability
to interview challenging patients. More importantly, the role taught me the importance of trust in a
provider–patient relationship.
In this time, I also worked as a pediatric obesity research assistant through UCSF School of Nursing.
I have witnessed first hand the positive effects of bilingual healthy living programs. The glowing
results of decreasing trends in body mass

What Theory Of Education Guide Your Personal Philosophy As...
What theory of nursing education and/or other theory of education guide your personal philosophy
as a nurse educator? Why?
Theory of nursing is believed that information provides students with the opportunity to build a
range of powerful examples that gained from experience. The literature showed that there is a clear
gap between what is taught in the classroom and what the student nurses experience in the clinical
area (Saifan, A., AbuRuz, M. E., & Masa 'deh, R., 2015).
Some people call holistic healing new age but there is really nothing new about it. Socrates
suggested that we should avoid focusing on just one sick part of the body saying that "for the part
can never be well unless the whole is well (Munoz, H. E., 2013)." As a nurse educator, my personal
philosophy is based on the principle that all students are deserving of a holistic education that
provides care which integrates physiological, psychological and spiritual aspects of the person's life.
Thus, allowing a student to discover themselves, their hunger for education, their strengths and
weaknesses as well as their full capabilities. Students must be taught so that they can learn to
become problem solvers and critical thinkers. By integrating teaching and learning theories that will
allow the students to socialize during the learning process, allows students to teach as well as learn
from one another. Providing students with access to hands–on activities and allowing adequate time
and space to use materials

Nurse Furthering Education
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommends that nurses further and obtain a degree in education at
the baccalaureate level by 2020 to eighty percent. The baccalaureate degree is achievable and is
critical in changing workforce by allowing the expansion of nurse's skills and competencies in all
areas that affect the community, public health, leaderships and research. This author will obtain this
level of baccalaureate degree before the recommendation in 2015. There is a growing amount of
nurses furthering education due to the organizations are now implementing that all staff is to have a
baccalaureate degree to be hired as a staff nurse. Hospitals that are Magnet status, this is a
requirement now to hold a Magnet status. The graduate degree ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Bridge courses and learning paths between undergraduate and graduate programs are created to
allow the learning progression of higher educational levels. This author has obtained these steps
throughout the career of nursing and is continuing to pursue the goals of lifelong learning. The
changing profession it is vital that continuation education credits (CEU) are maintained to hold a
license as a nurse in individual states, unfortunately in Arizona this is not the case. The CEU's
should be mandatory in all states to promote advancement in skills and continue the recommended
lifelong learning commitment. Novice or experienced nurse must take critical improvements to keep
up with the changing professions of health care delivery in a multifaceted setting and furthering
educational skills, also learning self–marketing skills. This writer is providing just this by promoting
formal education, remaining active in nursing professional associations, providing excellent
communication and professional skills at every level. The Associates Degree Nurse (ADN), only
contains the clinical skills and knowledge. With the competitive market and advancements, these
skills alone won't carry any nurse over the nurses who have obtained a BSN or

Essay On React As Nurse Education Leaders And...
From your readings, discuss with your peers the following:
Florence Nightingale was a leader and change agent. Unfortunately, many nurses have now become
followers instead of leaders. The IOM has called for nurses to lead the change to remove barriers to
the scope of practice for nurses. This will provide more opportunities for access to high quality
healthcare. As a change agent for nursing education, you have been asked to participate in an
interdisciplinary group to investigate the barriers and to propose how industry and academia can
work together to better address needs of a changing health care industry. This may include new roles
for nurses, new leadership needs, and entrepreneurial opportunities. Discuss with your peers what
points you will address with the interdisciplinary group. Support your work with current research.
Here are some guiding questions to think about while preparing your points:
1. Now, with Health Care reform and IOM standards, are we preparing new graduates to be leaders
and change agents?
2. How can we react as nurse education leaders and interprofessional change agents?
3. Based on what you know about innovative leadership, what are recommendations you can make
to nursing education to meet the changing health care demands?
Please respond to at least two (2) of your classmates' discussion posts. In your response to your
classmates, challenge their ideas and reasoning, asking open–ended questions, encouraging your
classmates to further explain

Attrition In Nurse Education Essay
The transfer of Schools of Nursing into the HE sector has been relatively recent in comparison to
other healthcare programmes. This has presented the profession with a dilemma of how to attract the
candidate who meets the increased academic requirements of university study as well as possessing
the other qualities that are expected in the individual who seeks to accelerate their career
development in one of the healthcare professions. In order to meet high recruitment target numbers,
while adhering to socially inclusive policies, wider entrance criterion have been utilised in many
HEIs, allowing individuals with fewer formal qualifications to enter advanced study providing they
can evidence of; experience as working as a registered professional within clinical practice; can ...
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Internationally, attrition rates appear to be on the increase. The UK figures of around 15% may
compare favourably with countries such as Italy (65%) and the USA (37%) (International Audit
office, 2007), yet, in the UK, concern remains regarding the number of students who fail to reach
graduation. The personal consequences of attrition for the individual and the professional and
financial consequences for the institution cannot be overstated. Each institution will have its own
figures which, in some cases, will be significantly higher than the average. The expressed level of
concern in the UK may also be related to the apparent lack of consensus over definitive figures. The
Nursing Standard commissioned a survey in 2006 on student nurse attrition which estimates that the
UK average attrition rate is closer to 25% which translates to a cost of £57m for the UK taxpayer
(Buchan and Seccombe, 2006). Whilst there is no direct cost to the UK taxpayers involved in the
recruitment of international nursing students as they are self–funding, the attrition rates are close to
the UK average for this marginal group of students

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