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f’k{kdksa ,oa
fMfLVªDV fjlkslZ xqzi
ds lnL;ksa ds fy,
fØ;kUo;u
lanf’kZdk
ek/;fed f’k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
Secondary School Readiness Programme
¼,l-,l-vkj-ih-½
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
Secondary School Readiness Programme
¼,l-,l-vkj-ih-½
fØ;kUo;u
lanf'kZdk
f'k{kdksa ,oa
fMfLVªDV fjlkslZ xqzi
ds lnL;ksa ds fy,
Ùkj izns”k ek/;fed f”k{kk vfHk;ku vkSj dqlqek Qkm.Ms”ku ds la;qDr
iz;kl ls l= 2016&2017 esa ik¡p tuinksa& y[kuÅ] mUuko] lhrkiqj]
jk;cjsyh ,oa y[kheiqj [khjh ds 52 jktdh; ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa esa ^mn~Hko*
dk;ZØe dk “kqHkkjaHk fd;k tk jgk gSA mn~Hko dk;ZØe jktdh; ek/;fed
fo|ky;ksa esa d{kk&9 esa izos”k ysus okys fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds
vf/kxe Lrj dks d{kkuq:i cukus dk ,d iz;kl gS rkfd mUgsa ek/;fed ,oa mPp
f”k{kk izkIr djus esa vklkuh gks ldsA lkFk gh bl dk;ZØe ds fØ;kUo;u vkSj
f”k{k.k dh xq.koÙkk c<+kus gsrq f”k{kdksa ds {kerko)Zu dk Hkh izko/kku gSA
jk’Vªh; ek/;fed f”k{kk vfHk;ku dh uhfr;ksa ds vuq:i ,oa blds mn~ns”;ksa dh
izkfIr gsrq dqlqek Qkm.M”ku us mn~Hko dk;ZØe dk fodkl fd;k ftls gjnksbZ
tuin ds 25 jktdh; ,oa jktdh; lgk;rk izkIr ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa esa foxr
nks o’kksZa ls lQyrkiwoZd lapkfyr fd;k tk jgk gSA blds varxZr d{kk 9 ,oa 10
ds fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds oÙkZeku vf/kxe Lrj dk fu/kkZj.k dj muds lkFk dk;Z fd;k
tkrk gSA lkFk gh f”k{k.k vf/kxe izfØ;k dks csgrj cukus ds fy, dqlqek
}kjk fodflr fo'k; vk/kkfjr lalk/ku fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ,oa f”k{kdksa dks miyC/k djk;s
tkrs gSaA
bl dk;ZØe ds varxZr f”k{kd izf”k{k.k vk;ksftr fd;s tkrs gSa rFkk fo|ky;
Lrj ij f”k{kdksa dk lg;ksx iznku djus gsrq ftyk lalk/ku lewg ¼fMfLVªDV
fjlkslZ xzqi½ dk xBu fd;k tkrk gSA blls f”k{k.k dks izHkkoh cukus ds fy,
fofHkUu f”k{k.k fof/k;ksa dks le>us ,oa lh[kus esa f”k{kdksa dks lgk;rk feyrh gSA
jk’Vªh; ek/;fed f”k{kk vfHk;ku ds mís”;ksa dh iwfrZ gsrq mÙkj izns”k ek/;fed
f”k{kk vfHk;ku jkT; ds mi;qDr tuinksa ds p;fur fo|ky;ksa esa dqlqek ekWMYk
¼mn~Hko dk;ZØe½ o vU; fo|ky;ksa esa jk’Vaªh; ek/;fed f”k{kk vfHk;ku }kjk
vknsf”kr *fjesfM;y d{kk,a* fØ;kfUor djus dk fu”p; fd;k gSA mn~Hko
dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr f”k{k.k eq[; :i ls 4 fo’k;ksa ¼xf.kr] foKku] vaxzsth o
fgUnh½ ij dsfUnzr gS vkSj blds fØ;kUo;u dh vof/k nks o’kZ dh gSA lkFk gh
jk’Vªah; ek/;fed f”k{kk vfHk;ku ds vUrxZr fjesfM;y d{kk,a nks fo’k;ksa ¼xf.kr
vkSj fgUnh½ ij dsfUnzr gSa vkSj blds fØ;kUo;u dh vof/k 45 fnuksa dh gSA mÙkj
izkDdFku
m
izns”k ek/;fed f”k{kk vfHk;ku us jkT; ds “ks’k fo|ky;ksa esa fjesfM;y d{kk,a “kq:
djus gsrq dqlqek }kjk fufeZr mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds lalk/kuksa dks bLrseky djus dk
fu”p; fd;k gSA
bl dk;ZØe dh lQyrk vki f”k{kdksa] iz/kkukpk;ksZa] fMfLVªDV fjlkslZ xzqi ,oa
LVsV fjlkslZ xzqi ds lnL;ksa dh lfØ; Hkkxhnkjh ,oa ifjJe ij gh fuHkZj gS ftl
ij gesa iw.kZ fo”okl gSA ge bl dk;ZØe dh lQyrk ds fy;s vkidks gkfnZd
“kqHkdkeuk,a nsrs gSaA
;w-ih-,e-,l-,- Vhe dqlqek Vhe
iwjs ns'k esa loZf'k{kk vfHk;ku ds lQyrkiwoZd ykxw gksus ds QyLo:i cM+h
la[;k esa Nk= mPp izkFkfed d{kkvksa esa mÙkh.kZ gks jgs gSa] bl dkj.k ek/;fed
f'k{kk ds fy, vf/kd ekax mRiUu gks jgh gSA bl vko';drk ds n``f"Vxr dsUnz o
jkT; ljdkjksa us jk"Vªh; ek/;fed f'k{kk vfHk;ku dh en esa fo'ks"k lalk/kuksa dk
izko/kku fd;k gSA mÙkj izns'k ljdkj us Hkh jk"Vªh; ek/;fed f'k{kk vfHk;ku
¼vkj-,e-,l-,-½ ds rgr bl fn'kk esa dqN xaHkhj iz;kl fd;s gSaSA oÙkZeku
ifjfLFkfr ds eÌsut+j vkj-,e-,l-,- us igys pj.k ds nkSjku fo|ky;ksa esa HkkSfrd
lalk/ku fuekZ.k ij tksj fn;k ftlds ifj.kke dkQh mRlkgtud jgkA vius
nwljs pj.k esa vkj-,e-,l-,- f'k{kk dh xq.koÙkk ij fo'ks"k /;ku ns jghs gSA
dqlqek QkmaMs'ku fiNys rhu o"kksZa ls Þmn~HkoÞ dk;ZØe ds ek/;e ls ls mÙkj
izns'k ds gjnksbZ ftys vkSj mM+hlk ds lEcyiqj ftys ds 50 ek/;fed Ldwyksa esa
xq.koÙkk c<kus gsrq dk;Zjr gSA Þmn~HkoÞ dk;ZØe ds ifj.kke ldkjkRed jgs gSa
vkSj blds fØ;kUo;u ls dqlqek Qkm.Ms'ku dk vuqHko le`) gqvk gSA
bUgha vuqHkoksa ds vk/kkj ij d{kk 9oha vkSj 10oha ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds vf/kxe Lrj dks
d{kkuq:i ykus vkSj f'k{kk dks vkSj izHkkoh cukus ds fy;s dh vko';drk dks
/;ku esa j[krs gq, jk"Vªh; ek/;fed f'k{kk vfHk;ku vkSj dqlqek QkmaMs'ku ds
lg;ksx ls mn~Hko Ldsy&vi dk;ZØe dh ladYiuk dh xbZ gSA mn~Hko dk;ZØe
ds nks izeq[k i{k gSa] f'k{kdksa dk {kerko/kZu rFkk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØeA
blds mÌs'; dh iwfrZ gsrq nksgjs iz;kl fd;s tk;saxsA fo|kfFkZ;ksa }kjk d{kk 8 rd
dh ewy&Hkwr n{krkvksa dk izkIr djus ds fy;s rFkk d{kk 9 o 10 dks dfBu
vo/kkj.kkvksa dks ljyrk ls fl[kkus ds fy;s f'k{kdksa dk {kerko/kZu izf'k{k.k
rkfd d{kk esa fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds vf/kxe Lrj ds vUrj dks de fd;k tk lds vkSj
lHkh fo|kFkhZ viuh d{kk ds ikB;Øe ds lkFk py ldus ;ksX; gks ldsaA
bl o"kZ ls mn~Hko dk;ZØe dks mÙkj izns'k ds y[kuÅ eaMy ds ik¡p tuinksa ds
52 Ldwyksa esa lapkfyr fd;k tk;sxkA bl dk;ZØe dks lqpk: ,oa izHkkoh :i ls
lapkyu ds fy;s lHkh p;fur fo|ky;ksa ds 240 f'k{kdksa dks izksQs'kuy fodkl
gsrq izf'kf{kr fd;k tk;sxkA f'k{kdkas dks izf'k{k.k o dk;ZØe dks vdknfed enn
vkeq[k
djus ds fy;s bu ftyksa esa fMfLVªDV fjlkslZ xzqi ¼Mh-vkj-th-½ gksaxs ftUgsa jkT;
Lrj ij xfBr LVsV fjlkslZ xzqi ¼,l-vkj-th-½ lacy iznku djsxkA bl iwjs
dk;ZØe esa dqlqek Qkm.Ms'ku lHkh fgrHkkfx;ksa ds {kerko/kZu vkSj iBu ikBu ls
lacfU/kr lalk/ku miyC/k djkus dk dke djxhA
;g lanf'kZdk mu lHkh fgrHkkfx;ksa dh lgk;rk ds fy;s rS;kj dh xbZ gS tks ,l-
,l-vkj-ih- dk;ZØe dks fØ;kfUor djus esa layXu gSaA ;g lanf'kZdk dk;ZØe dh
lexz le> cukus rFkk mls lapkfyr djus ls lacfU/kr ekxZn'kZu nsrh gSA
lanf'kZdk esa mn~Hko dk;ZØe dk ifjp;] mís'; ,oa ,l-,l-vkj-ih- dh lHkh
xfrfof/k;ksa dk fooj.k fn;k x;k gSA lanf'kZdk esa bl ckr dk ?;ku j[kk gS fd]
;g mn~Hko ls tqM+s f'k{kdksa dks ,l-,l-vkj-ih- dks dne nj dne lapkfyr
djus esa enn djsA blesa fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds vf/kxe Lrj dk vkadyu] QkmaMs'ku dSai]
lg;kssxkRed vf/kxe pj.k rFkk lekiu dSai ds lapkyu ds nkSjku lh[kus dk
ekgkSy vkSj mi;ksx dh tkus okyh lzksr lkexzh ds ckjs esa ppkZ dh xbZ gSA
lanf'kZdk esa mn~Hko dh izxfr o xq.koRrk ds ekud rFkk vU; izi=ksas dk Hkh
lekos'k gksxkA lkFk gh dk;ZØe esa lg;ksx iznku djus okys lHkh lg;ksfx;ksa
vkSj fgrHkkfx;ksa dh Hkwfedkvksa vkSj nkf;Roksa ds ckjs esa Hkh crk;k x;k gSA vk'kk
gS ;g vkids fy, mi;ksxh gksxhA
dqlqek Vhe
fo"k; lwph
v/;k; 1 mn~Hko dk;ZØe& ifjp; 9
v/;k; 2 ,l-,l-vkj-ih-& fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds vf/kxe Lrj dk
vkdyu 17
v/;k; 3 Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi] lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe pj.k rFkk
lekiu dSEi 22
v/;k; 4 mn~Hko& f'k{k.k vf/kxe laca/kh lalk/ku 28
v/;k; 5 lh[kus dk ekgkSy ,oa lkekU; fl)kUr 31
v/;k; 6 Mh-vkj-th-& Hkwfedk nkf;Ro ,oa dk;Z 38
v/;k; 7 mn~Hko& lg;kfsx;ksa dh Hkwfedk] dk;Z ,oa vis{kk;sa 45
v/;k; 8 mnHko& xq.koÙkk] vuqJo.k vkSj lacfU/kr vkdM+ksa
dk izcU/ku 48
;kstuk vkSj Lo fpUru 52
layXud 1 fo"k;okj ,oa Lrjokj ewyHkwr n{krkvksa dh lwph 61
layXud 2 Ikz'kklfud vkns'k LVsV fjlkslZ xzqi xBu& 74
ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa dh blh fLFkfr ds eÌsutj dqlqek QkmaMs'ku fiNys rhu
o"kksZa ls Þmn~HkoÞ dk;ZØe ds ek/;e ls ls mÙkj izns'k ds gjnksbZ ftys vkSj mM+hlk
ds lEcyiqj ftys ds 50 ek/;fed Ldwyksa esa xq.koÙkk c<kus gsrq dk;Zjr gSA
Þmn~HkoÞ dk;ZØe ds ifj.kke ldkjkRed jgs gSa vkSj blds fØ;kUo;u ls dqlqek
Qkm.Ms'ku dk vuqHko le`) gqvk gSA
bUgha vuqHkoksa ds vk/kkj ij d{kk 9oha vkSj 10oha ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds vf/kxe Lrj dks
d{kkuq:i ykus vkSj f'k{kk dks vkSj izHkkoh cukus ds fy;s dh vko';drk dks /;ku
esa j[krs gq, jk"Vªh; ek/;fed f'k{kk vfHk;ku vkSj dqlqek QkmaMs'ku ds lg;ksx
ls mn~Hko Ldsy&vi dk;ZØe dh ladYiuk dh xbZ gSA mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds nks
izeq[k i{k gSa f'k{kdksa dk {kerko/kZu ,oa ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØeA blds
mÌs'; dh iwfrZ gsrq nksgjs iz;kl fd;s tk;saxsA fo|kfFkZ;ksa }kjk d{kk 8 rd dh ewy
Hkwr n{krkvksa dk izkIr djus ds fy;s rFkk d{kk 9 o 10 dks dfBu vo/kkj.kkvksa
dks ljyrk ls lh[kkus ds fy;s f'k{kdksa dk {kerko/kZu izf'k{k.k rkfd d{kk esa
fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds vf/kxe Lrj ds vUrj dks de fd;k tk lds vkSj lHkh fo|kFkhZ
viuh d{kk ds ikB;Øe ds lkFk py ldus ;ksX; gks ldsaA
bl mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr bl o"kZ mÙkj izns'k ds y[kuÅ e.My ds ik¡p
tuinksa ;Fkk y[kuÅ] mUuko] lhrkiqj] jk;cjsyh] y[kheiqj [khjh ds 52 Ldwyksa
esa lapkfyr fd;k tk;sxkA blh ds lkFk lHkh p;fur fo|ky;ksa ds 240 f'k{kdksa
dks izksQs'kuy fodkl gsrq izf'kf{kr fd;k tk;sxkA f'k{kdks dks izf'k{k.k o
dk;ZØe dks rduhd enn djus ds fy;s bu ftyksa esa fMfLVªDV fjlkslZ xzqi ¼Mh-
vkj-th-½ gksaxs ftUgsa jkT; Lrj ij xfBr fjlkslZ xzqi lacy iznku djsxkA
1- mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds mís';&
mnHko dk;ZØe ds mÌs'; f'k{k.k dks izHkkoh cukuk rFkk d{kk 9 o 10 ds
fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk vf/kxe Lrj d{kkua:i ykuk gSaA
1-1 f'k{kdksa dk n{krk lao/kZu&f'k{kdksa dk n{krk lao/kZu bl dk;ZØe dk
,d egRoiw.kZ fgLlk gSA mÌs'; gS ek/;fed Lrj ij lkeqfgd iz;kl ls
f'k{k.k dh xq.koÙkk dks csgrj fd;k tk lds rFkk f'k{kd dks ,l-,l-
v/;k;1
mn~Hko dk;ZØe& ifjp;
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
9
vkj-ih- esa fu/kZkfjr xfrfof/k;ksa dks izoh.krk ls vk;ksftr dj visf{kr ifj.kke
fnykus esa lQyrk fey ldsA mn~Hko dk;ZØe esa bl izdkj dh f'k{k.k fof/k;ksa
dk iz;ksx fd;k tk;sxk ftlls uk dsoy fo|kFkhZ viuh mez ds vuqlkj lh[k
ldsaxsa cfYd fu;fer d{kkxr izfØ;kvksa esa esa vf/kd Hkkxhnkjh dj ldsaxsaA
1-2 d{kk esa gksus okyh izfØ;kvksa esa lq/kkj&ek/;fed d{kkvksa ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks
mudh mez ds vuq:i f'k{k.k fof/k dh vko';drk gksrh gSA f'k{kdksa ds n{krk
lao/kZu ds vUrxZr fu;fer iz;kl fd;s tkus gSa rkfd os vius lh[kus&fl[kkus
dh izfØ;kvksa ls d{kkvks esa gksus okyh izfØ;kvksa dks csgrj djrs jgsaA
1-3 ek/;fed d{kk ds fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks viuh d{kk ds led{k Lrj ij lh[kus
ds fy, rS;kj djuk& d{kk 9 esa izos'k ysus okys vf/kdka'k fo|kfFkZ;ksaa esa 'kSf{kd
Kku dk visf{kr Lrj ls dkQh de ns[k x;k gSA fygktk+ mn~Hko dk;ZØe esa
dksf'k'k ;g dh tk;sxh fd mudh 'kSf{kd uhao etcwr gksA fu;fer i<++kbZ ds
lkFk vk/kkjHkwr vo/kkj.kkvksa vkSj fo"k;oLrq dh iqujko`fRr bl rjg ls dh
tk;sxh fd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh le> fodflr gks lds] lkFk gh bruk le; Hkh uk yxs
fd mudh pkyw o"kZ dh i<++kbZ dk uqdlku gksA Ldwy o"kZ dh 'kq:vkr esa gh
visf{kr vkSj okLrfod Lrjksa ds chp vUrj dk vkdyu fd;k tk;sxk vkSj
fujarj :i ls bl vUrj esa deh yk;k tk ldsA
1-4 fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lh[kus ds Lrj esa o`f)& mn~Hko dk;ZØe esa lHkh fo"k;ksa ij
dke fd;k tk;sxk ysfdu fgUnh] foKku] xf.kr vkSj vaxzsth ij fo'ks"k /;ku fn;k
tk;sxkA bu fo"k;ksa esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lh[kus ds Lrj dk fu;fer vkdyu fd;k
tk;sxk rkfd visf{kr lq/kkj lqfuf'pr fd;k tk ldsA
2- mn~Hko dk;ZØe dk fØ;kUo;u
vko';drkvks vkSj xfrfof/k;ksa dh n`f"V ls mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds nks fgLlksa esa ns[kk
tk ldrk gSA
l f'k{kdksa dk n{krk lao/kZu
l ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe ¼,l-,l- vkj-ih-½
2-1 f'k{kdksa dk n{krk lao/kZu
bl dk;ZØe ds vUrxrZ f'k{kdksa dk n{krk lao/kZu loZizFke vkSj lcls egRoiw.kZ
dne vr% bldks o``gn vkSj lexz :i esa ns[kk x;k gSA ftlesa fo"k;okj f'k{kd
izf'k{k.k ds vfrfjDr f'k{k.k ds fy, mi;ksxh lzksr lkexzh ¼f'k{kd lanf'kZdk]
fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, vH;kl iqfLrdk½ vdknfed lg;ksx gsrq fMfLVªDV fjlkslZ
xzqi ¼Mh-vkj-th-½ dk xBu] vkfn vU; i{kksa dks lekfgr fd;k x;k gSA
v/;k;1
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
10
2-1-1 f'k{kdksasa dh n{krk lao/kZu ds fy, nks ckj dk;Z'kkyk vk;ksftr gksxhA igyh
dk;Z'kkyk dk;ZØe ds 'kq:vkr esa rFkk nwljh dk;ZØe ds e/; esa dh tk;sxhA
bl dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr f'k{kdksasa dk ,l-,l-vkj-ih- dk;ZØe mUeq[khdj.k rFkk
mn~Hko lkexzh ls ifjfpr djkus ds vfrfjDr muds lkFk fofHkUu fo"k;ksa dks
i<++kus ds rjhdksa] vyx&vyx Lrj ds fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke djus dh fof/k;ksa]
bl mez ds fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lh[kus dh fo'ks"krkvksa] d{kk izcU/ku vkfn eqíksa ij dke
fd;k tk;sxkA
2-1-2 Mh-vkj-th dk xBu&f'k{kk esa lq/kkj ds iz;klksa dk vf/kdre vlj iSnk djus ds
fy, lg;ksx rU= dk gksuk vko';d gSA bl iwjs dke dks ns[kus ds fy, LFkkuh;
Lrj ij ;ksX; o dq'ky yksxksa dh Vhe vko';d gSA QyLo:i] ftys Lrj ij
fMfLVªDV fjlkslZ xzqi ¼Mh-vkj-th-½ dk izko/kku gS] tks f'k{kdksasa dks Ldwy Lrj ij
enn djsxh] lkFk gh dk;ZØe ds fofHkUu lk>snkjksa ds chp dM+h dk dke djsxhA
f'k{kdksasa ds fujUrj vdknfed lg;ksx gsrq Mh-vkj-th- dh nks fnolh; n{krk
lao/kZu dk;Z'kkyk vk;ksftr gksxhA ftlesa mn~Hko dk;ZØe ,oa blds
fØ;kUo;u] mn~Hko lanHkZ lkexzh] Mh-vkj-th- dh Hkwfedk ,oa muls vis{kk;sa]
Ldwy voyksdu ,oa lg;kssx ds rjhds rFkk muls lEcfU/kr izi=ksa dh ppkZ]
dk;ZØe ls lEcfU/kr vkadM+ksa dk ladyu ,oa fo'ys"k.k vkfn eqíksa ij ckrsa gksxhA
2-2-3 ,l-,l-vkj-ih- dk;ZØe esa usr`Ro rFkk f'k{kdksasa dks iw.kZ vdknfed lg;ksx iznku
djus gsrq 52 Ldwyksa ds iz/kkuk/;kidksa dh ,d fnolh; mUeq[khdj.k dk;Z'kkyk
vk;ksftr dh tk;sxh ftlesa mn~Hko dk;ZØe ,oa blds fØ;kUo;u] mn~Hko lanHkZ
lkexzh] iz/kkuk/;kidksa dh Hkwfedk ,oa muls vis{kk;sa] ekWfuVfjax] lg;ksx ,oa
vkdyu ds rjhdksa vkfn eqíksa ij ppkZ dh tk;sxhA
2-2-4 f'k{kdksa ds lg;ksx gsrq f'k{k.k lalk/kuksa dk izko/kku gksxk ftlds rgr f'k{kdksa
dks }kjk ubZ fof/k;ksa ls Ldwyksa esa iBu ikBu dk dk;Z laikfnr fd;k tk ldsA
v/;k;1
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
11
xfrfof/k@pj.k izfrfnu dqy le; i<++k;s tkus okys fo"k;
cslykbZu v/;;u
,oa lewg fu/kkZj.k
vko';drk ds vuqlkj vko';drk ds vuqlkj
Qkm.Ms"ku dSEi 4 ?k.Vs 18 fnu vFkkZr~ 72 ?k.Vs fgUnh] xf.kr] vaxzsth]
i;kZoj.k v/;;u
lg;ksxkRed
vf/kxe pj.k
2 ?k.Vs 15 feuV
45 fnu vFkkZr~
102 ?k.Vs
xf.kr] vaxzsth] foKku
lekiu dSEi 2 ?k.Vs 15 feuV
6 fnu vFkkZr~
13 ?k.Vs
xf.kr] vaxzsth] foKku
vfUre vkdyu vko';drk ds vuqlkj vko';drk ds vuqlkj
2-2-5 f'k{kdksasa ds vuqHko] dk;ZØe dh leh{kk ds lkFk vkxs dh foLr`r ;kstuk ij ppkZ
gsrq dk;ZØe esa f'k{kdksasa dh leh{kk cSBd dk izko/kku gSA
2-2 ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe ¼,l-,l-vkj-ih-½
,l-,l-vkj-ih- dk;ZØe eq[;r% ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa esa fo'ks'kr% d{kk 9 rFkk 10
ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa visf{kr vksj okLrfod vf/kxe Lrj esa vUrj dks [kRe djus vkSj
d{kk ds ikB;Øe dks csgrj le>us dh fn'kk esa ,d Bksl iz;kl gSA bldk
fØ;kUo;u fuEufyf[kr pj.kksa esa fd;k tk;sxkA
2-2-1 vk/kkjHkwr vkdyu (Baseline assessment)
f'k{kd }kjk loZizFke fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds vf/kxe Lrj dk vkdyu fd;k tk;sxkA
gks ldrk gS f'k{kd dks fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds Lrj dk dkQh vuqeku gks] ysfdu ;gk¡ gesa
ml vuqeku dks vkSj iq[rk djus dh vko';drk gksxhA lkFk gh ;g Lrj tkap
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lewg cukus esa Hkh f'k{kd dh enn djsxkA blds fy, fo"k;okj
vkdyu isij rS;kj fd, x, gSa] ftuds vk/kkj ij fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds Lrj dk
vkdyu fd;k tk;sxkA Lrj tkap ds ckn fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks fuEukuqlkj rhu Lrjksa esa
foHkkftr fd;k tk;sxk&
l igys Lrj esa os fo|kFkhZ gksxsa ftuesa d{kk 3 rd dh vFkok mlls de Lrj
dh n{krk;sa gksaxhA
l nwljk Lrj og gksxk ftlesa d{kk 3 ls Åij ,oa d{kk 5 rd dh n{krk;sa gksaxha
vkSj
l rhljk Lrj og gksxk ftlesa d{kk 5 ls Åij ,oa d{kk 8 rd dh n{krk;sa
gksxhaA Lrj vkdyu rFkk lewg fuekZ.k dh izfØ;k vkxs ds i`"Bksa esa foLrkj ls
nh xbZ gSA
2-2-2 Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ¼Foundation Camp½&
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke dk ;g igyk pj.k gSA Lrj vkdyu ds vk/kkj ij
cuk;s x;s lewgksa ds lkFk Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi esa 18 dk;Z fnol vFkkZr~ rhu lIrkg
dke fd;k tk;sxkA blesa izfrfnu 4 ?k.Vs rFkk dqy 72 ?k.Vs fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk
dke gksxkA bl pj.k dk eq[; Qksdl mu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke djuk gS tks
Lrj vkdyu ds nkSjku igys Lrj ¼d{kk 3½ rFkk nwljs Lrj ¼d{kk 5½ esa vk;s gSaaA
bl pj.k dk eq[; mís'; gS fd fo|kFkhZ d+{kk 5 rd dh dqN ewyHkwr n{krkvksa dks
izkIr dj ldsaA pwafd ;s fo|kFkhZ mez esa cMs+ gksrs gSa vkSj buds lh[kus dh xfr rst
gksrh gSA lkFk gh buds ikl igys ls gh mu n{krkvksa ij dke dk vuqHko gksrk
gS] blhfy, ;g vis{kk dh tkrh gS fd os brus de le; esa d{kk 5 rd dh dqN
ewyHkwr n{krkvksa dks lh[k ldsaxsaA Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi esa Lrj ,d ,oa Lrj nks ds
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk pkj fo"k;ksa& fgUnh] vaxzsth] xf.kr rFkk i;kZoj.k v/;;u esa
dke fd;k tk;sxkA
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
12
v/;k;1
2-1-3 lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe dk pj.k (Supported Learning Phase)
bl pj.k esa fo|kFkhZ f'k{kd ds lg;ksx ls rFkk dqN Lo;a i<++dj fofHkUu
vo/kkj.kkvksa dks lh[kus rFkk vH;kl djus dk dke djsaxsaA ;g pj.k dqy 45
fnu pysxkA bl pj.k esa izfrfnu 2 ?k.Vs ,oa 15 feuV vFkkZr~ dqy 102 ?k.Vs
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke fd;k tk;sxkA bl pj.k dk eq[; mís'; gS fd fo|kFkhZ
Lrj 3 ¼d{kk 8½ rd dh dqN ewyHkwr n{krkvksa dks izkIr dj ldsaA bl pj.k esa
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk rhu fo"k;ksa xf.kr] vaxszth vkSj foKku ij dke fd;k tk;sxkA
2-1-4 lekiu dSEi ¼Consolidation Camp½
;g 6 fnu dk dSEi gksxk] ftlesa izfrfnu 2 ?k.Vs 15 feuV rFkk dqy 13 ?k.Vs
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke fd;k tk;sxkA bl dSEi dk vk;kstu blfy, fd;k
tkrk gS fd fo|kFkhZ d+{kk 9 ds ikB~;Øe ,oa ikB~;iqLrd dks le> dj ml ij
dke djus ds fy, rS;kj gks ldsaA bl dSEi esa mu n{krkvksa ij dke fd;k
tk;sxk ftUgsa fo|kFkhZ Qkm.Ms'ku vkSj lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe ds pj.k esa ugha
lh[k ik;s gksa vFkok mUgsa iq[rk djus dh t:jr gksA mUgsa dqN vH;kl vk/kkfjr
dke Hkh bl pj.k esa fn, tkrs gSa vkSj bl izdkj mUgsa d{kk 9 dh ikB~;iqLrd ds
lkFk dke djus ds fy, rS;kj fd;k tkrk gSA bl dSEi esa Hkh foKku] xf.kr rFkk
vaxzsth fo"k;ksa ij dke fd;k tk;sxkA
2-1-5 ,aMykbu vkdyu ¼EndlineAssessment)
;|fi f'k{kd dke ds nkSjku fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk vkdyu djrs jgrs gSaA ysfdu
dk;ZØe ds izHkko dks ns[kus rFkk fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds fy, vkxkeh f'k{k.k dh dk;Z
;kstuk rS;kj djus ds fy, lekiu dSEi ds ckn ,aMykbu vkdyu fd;k
tk;sxkA ;g vkdyu Hkh fo"k;okj vkdyu isijksa ds ek/;e ls gksxkA bl
vkdyu ds ifj.kkeksa ds vk/kkj ij fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds fy, vkxs dh dk;Z;kstuk r;
dh tk;sxhA vkxs dh dk;Z;kstuk ds vUrxZr tks fo|kFkhZ vHkh Hkh d{kk 9 ds Lrj
rd ugha igqap ik;s gSa] muds lkFk mudh vk';drkds vuqlkj iqu% dke fd;k
tk;sxk vkSj tks fo|kFkhZ d{kk 9 ds Lrj rd igqap tk;saxsa] os d{kk ds fu;fer
dkeksa esa Hkkxhnkjh djuk izkjEHk dj ldsaxsaA
3- dk;ZØe dh ekWuhVfjax ,oa 'kks/k dk;Z
xfrfof/k;ksa dks lgh fn'kk nsus] iwjs iz;kl dh izHkko'khyrk dk vkdyu djus
rFkk mls cuk, j[kus ds fy, fu;fer ekWuhVfjax ,oa p;fur igyqvksa ij 'kks/k
vko';d gSA xq.koÙkk vkdyu gsrq dqlqek QkmaMs'ku ds lg;ksx ls ekWuhVfjax
dk;Z [kqn f'k{kdksasa] iz/kkuk/;kidksa] Mh-vkj-th- ftyk f'k{kk vf/kdkjh ,oa
ek/;fed f'k{kk vfHk;ku ds jkT; Lrj ds vf/kdkfj;ksa ds }kjk fd;k tk;sxkA
blds fy;s dqlqek Qkm.Ms'ku rFkk mRrj izns'k ek/;fed f'k{kk vfHk;ku }kjk
mnHko dh izxfr o xq.koÙkk ds ekun.M p;fur fd;s tk;saxsA blds vuq:Ik
vuqJo.k o xq.koÙkk ij[k gsrq izi= o psdfyLV rS;kj fd;s tk;saxsA
v/;k;1
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
13
d{kk izfØ;k esa gksus okys lq/kkj lwpdksa ds vk/kkj ij ekWuhVfjax ds fy, psdfyLV
rS;kj dh tk,xhA blds vfrfjDr Mh-vkj-th- ds lnL; f'k{kd voyksdu izi=
ds ek/;e ls Ldwyksa esa enn ,oa ekWfuVfjax dk dk;Z djsaxsaA
'kks/k ds fy, dk;ZØe fØ;kUo;u ds nkSjku iz'u@igyw r; fd;s tk;saxsa vkSj
ek/;fed f'k{kk vfHk;ku ds lkFk feydj Lis'kfyLV laLFkk }kjk 'kks/k dk;Z fd;k
tk;sxkA 'kks/k ls fudyus okyh tkudkjh vkSj fu"d"kksZa dks lHkh ds lkFk lk>k
dj vkxs dh j.kuhfr rS;kj dh tk;sxhA
mn~Hko ,d utj esa&
mn~ns’;@vis{kk;sa f’k{kd izf’k{k.k Lkkexzh dk izko/kku ekWfuVfjax o lg;ksx
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
14
f'k{kd& d{kk izfØ;kvksa esa lq/kkj
gksxk] f'k{kdksasa dk n{krk lao/kZu
gksxk
vyx&vyx Lrj ds fo|kfFkZ;ksaa
ds lkFk dke djus dh fof/k;ksa]
fd'kksj mez ds fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds
lh[kus dh fo'ks"krkvksa] d{kk
izcU/ku rFkk f'k{kdksasa dh
vko';drkvksa ds vuqlkj izf'k{k.k
dh O;oLFkk
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk] f'k{kd
ekxZnf'kZdk] fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy,
vH;kl iqfLrdk] fo|kFkhZ Lo
vf/kxe bdkbZ ,oa f'k{kd lg;ksx
bdkbZ
Mh-vkj-th-- }kjk d{kk esa lg;ksx]
izf'k{k.k dk;Z'kkykvksa ,oa leh{kk
cSBd esa HkkxhnkjhA iz/kkuk/;kid
,oa vU; lk>snkjksa ds lkFk cSBd
izf'k{k.k lg;ksx& iz/kkuk/;kid]
Mh-vkj-th ,oa f'k{kd vdknfed
lg;ksx iznku djsaxsA
izHkko'kkyh ekWuhVfjax] d{kk
f'k{k.k ds fy, izf'k{k.k fn;k
tk;sxkA
mn~Hko lanHkZ lkexzh
{kerk lao/kZu lanf'kZdk] f'k{kd
voyksdu izi=
dqlqek Vhe] Mh-vk-th-] ftyk
f'k{kk vf/kdkjh] vkj,e,l, }kjk
d{kk voyksdu] 'kks/k o vkdyu
xfrfof/k;ka ftuds vk/kkj ij
QhMcSdA
v/;k;1
vfHkHkkod fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds f'k{k.k Lrj dh
tkudkjh muds vfHkHkkodksa dks
nsuk ,oa mudk ;ksxnku izkIr
djuk
cslykbZu ,oa vfUre vkdyu]
vfHkHkkodksasa }kjk fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds
lh[kus dh xfr dh ekWuhVfjax]
vkSj lg;ksx ds dne
,l-,e-Mh-lh- ,l-,e-Mh-lh- lnL;ksa dks Ldwy
dh xq.koRrk ds izfr tkx:drk
iSnk djuk ,oa mudk ;ksxnku
izzkIr fd;k tk;sxk
lgHkkxh fo|ky; fu;kstu
lanf'kZdk ¼lqxe dk;ZØe lHkh
ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa ds ,l-,e-Mh-
lh- ds n{krko/kZu fy;s dk;Zjr gS
ftlds vUrxZr muds }kjk
fo|ky; fodkl dh ;kstuk
cuk;h tk jgh gS½
dqlqek Vhe] vkj,e,l, }kjk
fo|ky; fodkl ;kstuk cukus es
lg;ksx] d{kk voyksdu
fo|kfFkS;ksa ds lh[kus dh xfr dh
ekuhVfjax
fo|kFkhZ& lHkh fo"k;ksa esa ek/;fed
f'k{kk ds fy, rS;kjh dk c<+k gqvk
Lrj iznf'kZr djsaxsaA
fofHkUu fo"k;ksa dks i<++kus ds rjhds]
mn~Hko lkexzh] lh[kus&fl[kkus
dh fofHkUu j.kuhfr;ka ,oa
xfrfof/k;ka
f'k{kd ekxZnf'kZdk] fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds
fy, vH;kl iqfLrdk] fo|kFkhZ
Lo vf/kxe bdkbZ ,oa f'k{kd
lg;ksx bdkbZ
cslykbZu ,oa vfUre vkdyu]
f'k{kdksasa ,oa Mh-vkj-th xzqi }kjk
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lh[kus dh xfr dh
ekWuhVfjax] f'k{kdksasa }kjk lq/kkj ds
dne
4- mn~Hko esa vkidh Hkwfedk&
mn~Hko dk;ZØe lgHkkfxrk ij vk/kkfjr dk;ZØe gS vr% lQyrk dks izkIr djus
gsrq lHkh fgrHkkfx;ksa fo'ks"kdj f'k{kdksa dh Hkwfedk loksZifj gSA vr% f'k{kdksa ls
fuosnu gS fd]
l mn~Hko dks vius lh[kus&fl[kkus dh izfØ;k dks vf/kd lqn`<+ cukus okys ekSds ds
:i esa ns[ksaA
l vius vuqHkoksa] t:jrksa] lQyrkvksa o leL;kvks dks lk>k djus ds fy, rS;kj
jgsaA
l izf'k{k.kksa es [kqydj Hkkx ysaA mUgsa viuh vko';drkvksa ds vuq:i <kyus o
O;kogkfjd cukus esa enn djsaA
l fodflr gks jgh lkexzh] fo'ks"krkSj ij fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk] f'k{kd ekxZnf'kZdk
,oa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds fy, vH;kl iqfLrdk ij viuk QhMcSd t:j nsaA
l fopkj djsa fd vkids Ldwy ds fodkl esa bl dk;ZØe dk ;ksxnku fdl izdkj
gks ldrk gSA
l cPPkksa ds lkFk dk;ZØe ds pj.kkuqlkj dke djsa vkSj muds lh[kus ds Lrj esa o`f)
lqfuf'pr djsaA
v/;k;1
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
15
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
16
xfrfof/k@pj.k izLrkfor ekg
1 {kerk lao/kZu vxLr
1-1 ftyk fo|ky; fujh{kd mUeq[khdj.k vxLr
1-2 iz/kkukpk;Z mUeq[khdj.k vxLr
1-3 Mh-vk-th- izf'k{k.k vxLr
1-4 f'k{kd izf"k{k.k&1 vxLr
1-5 f'k{kd izf"k{k.k&2 vDVqcj
1-6 leh{kk cSBd ¼Mh-vk-th- o f'k{kd½ fnlEcj
2 ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
2-1 cslykbZu v/;;u ,oa lewg fu/kkZj.k tqykbZ&flrEcj
2-2 Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi vDVwcj
2-3 lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe pj.k vDVwcj
2-4 lekiu dSEi fnlEcj
2-5 ,aMykbu vkdyu tuojh
mn~Hko dk;ZØe dks iw.kZ:i ls tkuus ds ckn vkxkeh v/;k;ks ess ge ,l-,l-vkj-
ih- dk;ZØe ds ckjs esa foLrkj ls ppkZ djsaxsA
v/;k;1
mnHko dk;ZØe fØ;kUo;u& le; lkj.kh
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke izkjEHk djus ls igys ;g irk djuk vko';dgS fd
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk orZeku vf/kxe Lrj D;k gS rkfd mlds vk/kkj ij muds lkFk
dke dh ;kstuk cukbZ tk ldsA mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr fo|ky; loZizFke
d{kk 9 esa izos'k ysus okys lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk Lrj vkdyu fd;k tk;sxk vkSj
fØ;kuo;u dh ;kstuk cuk;h tk;sxhA ;g vkdyu dk;ZØe ds 'kq:vkr esa
fd;k tk;sxk ftls cslykbZu v/;;u dgrs gSaA bl vkdyu dk mn~ns';
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds vf/kxe Lrj dk irk yxkdj mlds vk/kkj ij mUgsa rhu Lrjksa esa
foHkkftr djuk gS&
l Lrj 1& os fo|kFkhZ ftudk vf/kxe Lrj d+{kk 3 ls de gSA
l Lrj 2& os fo|kFkhZ ftudk vf/kxe Lrj d{kk 3 ls vf/kd vkSj d{kk 5 ls
de gSA
l Lrj 3& os fo|kFkhZ ftudk vf/kxe Lrj d{kk 5 ls vf/kd vkSj d{kk 8 ls
de gSA
;g vkdyu Ldwy ds f'k{kdksasa }kjk fd;k
tk;sxkA dqlqek Qkm.Ms'ku dh Vhe Mh-
vk-th-] iz/kkuk/;kid ,oa f'k{kdksasa dk
mUeq[khdj.k djsxhA ;g vkdyu fgUnh]
xf.kr] vaxzsth] i;kZoj.k v/;;u vkSj
foKku fo"k;ksa dk gksxkA vkdyu ds fy,
fo"k;okj vkdyu isij cuk;s x;s gSaA tks
Åij crk;s x;s rhuksa Lrjksa dk vkdyu
djus ds fy, gSA vkdyu ds fy, ;s isij
bl izdkj rS;kj fd;s x;s gSa fd os rhuksa
Lrjksa dh n{krkvksa dks tkap ldsaA
vkdyu ds ;s lHkh isij dqlqek
Qkm.Ms'ku }kjk rS;kj n{krk fxzM ds
vk/kkj ij rS;kj fd;s x;s gSaA
¼n{krk fxzM layXud 1½
,l-,l-vkj-ih-& fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds
vf/kxe Lrj dk vkdyu
v/;k;2
vkdyu lIrkg
pwafd Lrj vkdyu esa f'k{kdksa dks 4&5 fnu dk le; yx ldrk gSA
blfy, os ,d lIrkg dks vkdyu lIrkg ds :i esa Hkh vk;ksftr dj
ldrs gSaA ftlesa vkdyu ds lkFk cPpksa ds lkFk vU; xfrfof/k;ka
vk;ksftr dh tk ldrh gSa rkfd cPpksa dks ijh{kk tSlk eglwl uk gksA
blds fy, f'k{kd r; dj ldrs gSa fd ,d fnu esa ,d gh fo"k; dk isij
ysa vkSj ckdh le; esa cPpksa ds lkFk dqN euksjatu [ksy] dgkuh fnol]
cky lHkk] fp= izfr;ksfxrk vkfn dk vk;kstu fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;g uk
dsoy cPpksa ds vkdyu dks lgt rjhds ls djus esa enn djsxk cfYd
mudh mifLFkfr dks c<kus esa Hkh ennxkj gksxkA
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
17
v/;k;2
loZizFke lHkh fo|kFkhZ fgUnh] vaxzsth] xf.kr vkSj i;kZoj.k v/;;u dk isij djrs gSaA tks
fo|kFkhZ i;kZoj.k v/;;u ds isij esa Lrj 2 esa fn, x, lokyksa esa 80 izfr'kr ;k mlls
vf/kd lgh dj ikrs gSa] mUgha cPPkksa dks foKku dk isij djus ds fy, fn;k tkrk gSA
vxj mlls de fo|kFkhZ lgh djrs gSa rks mUgsa foKku dk isij ugha djuk gksrkA izR;sd
isij bl izdkj rS;kj fd;k x;k gS fd ,d isij dks djus esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks vf/kdre 2
ls 3 ?k.Vs dk le; yxrk gSA bl izdkj lHkh fo"k;ksa ds isij djus esa 4&5 fnu dk le;
yx ldrk gSA
vkdyu djrs le; fuEu ckrksa dks /;ku esa j[kk tkuk pkfg,&
1- vkdyu ls igys&
1-1 ;g lqfuf'pr djuk pkfg;s fd vkdyu ds fnu d{kk 9 ds lHkh fo|kFkhZ
mifLFkr gksaA blds fy, fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks iwoZ esa gh lwfpr dj nsuk pkfg, rkfd
lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds Lrj dk irk fd;k tk ldsA
1-2 vkdyu ls igys iz/kkuk/;kid vkSj f'k{kd leqnk; ,oa vfHkHkkodksa ds lkFk Hkh
vko';d:i ls cSBd dj ysa rkfd bl dk;ZØe esa mudh enn dks lqfuf'pr
fd;k tk ldsA cSBd ds nkSjku vfHkHkkodksa dks mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds ckjs esa crk;k
tk ldrk gSA lkFk gh muls ;g vkxzg fd;k tk ldrk gS fd os fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks
fu;fer Ldwy HkstsaA
1-3 vkdyu ls igys fo|ky; izcU/ku ,oa fodkl lfefr ¼,l-,e-Mh-lh-½ dh cSBd
vk;ksftr dj muls Hkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh mifLFkfr dks lqfuf'pr djus ds fy,
dgk tk ldrk gSA
1-1 vkdyu ls igys ;g lqfuf'pr dj ysuk pkfg, fd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh la[;k ds
vuqlkj vkdyu isij] Ldksfjax 'khV vkfn miyC/k gksA
1-2 izR;sd ukekafdr fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks ,d vyx igpku nh tkrh gSA blds fy;s ,d
ekLVj lwph igys ls rS;kj dj ysa] ftlesa izR;sd fo|kFkhZ ds fy;s ;wuhd vkbZMh
bl izdkj gksxk(Udbhav/State Eg. UP/District Eg. Hardoi/U-DICE code/
Class/ Student Initial/Sl No
2- vkdyu ds nkSjku&
izLrkfor pj.k
2-1 vkdyu ds Øe esa lcls igys i;kZoj.k v/;;u dk vkdyu djsaA tks fo|kFkhZ
i;kZoj.k v/;;u] Lrj 2 ds isij esa 80 izfr'kr vad izkIr djrs gSa] mUgha cPPkksa
dks foKku ,oa lkekftd foKku dk isij djus ds fy, fn;k tkrk gSA i;kZoj.k
v/;;u ds isij ds fo'ys"k.k ds vk/kkj ij mu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks NkaV ysa] ftudk
foKku ,oa lkekftd foKku dk isij fy;k tkuk gSA
2-2 blds ckn fgUnh] xf.kr ,oa vaxzsth dk vkdyu dj ysaA lcls vUr esa foKku
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
18
v/;k;2
,oa lkekftd fOkKku dk isij fy;k tk ldrk gSA
/;ku j[kus ;ksX; ckrsa
pwafd ;g vkdyu ,d ls vf/kd fnu Hkh py ldrk gS blfy, ;g t:j /;ku j[kk tk;s fd mifLFkr
fo|kFkhZ izR;sd fo"k; ds vkdyu esa 'kkfey gksaA
vkdyu ds nkSjku ;g lqfuf'pr dj ysa fd vkdyu isij esa fo|kFkhZ dh izksQkby ls lEcfU/kr tkudkjh
izR;sd fo|kFkhZ }kjk Hkj nh xbZ gSA
vkdyu djrs le; vkdyudrkZ /khes vkSj Li"V :i ls funsZ'k ns] fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks mÙkj nsus ds fy,
izksRlkfgr djsaA ysfdu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks bl izdkj dk dksbZ laadsr uk nsa ftlls mUgsa mÙkj ds ckjs esa irk pysA
vkdyu lIrkg lHkh fo"k;ksa ds vkdyu ds fy, fu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gSA dksf'k'k ;g dh tk;s fd vkdyu
lIrkg esa gh ukekafdr lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk isij fy;k tk ldsA vxj dksbZ cPpk vkdyu lIrkg ds nkSjku
vuqifLFkr jgrk gS rks ckn esa vkdyu isij nsdj vkdyu uk djsaA mudk vkdyu f'k{kd vius Lrj ij
dj ysa rFkk mlds vk/kkj ij mUgsa Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi rFkk vU; xfrfof/k;ksa esa 'kkfey dj ysaA vkdyu
lIrkg ds nkSjku vuqifLFkr jgus okys fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds uke Ldksfjax 'khV esa 'kkfey ugha fd;s tkus gSaA
vkdyu ds nkSjku fo"k;okj funsZ'k
2-7 fgUnh@vaxzsth ds fy,
fgUnh@vaxzsth esa i<++us vkSj fy[kus nksuksa dh n{krkvksa dk vkdyu fd;k tkuk
gSA vkdyu ds rhu fgLls gSa A
izLrkfor pj.k
2-7-1 igyk fgLlk dsoy iBu ds fy, gS ftlesa fn, x, 'kCnksa@ okD;ksa dks
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ls i<++okuk gSA ;g fgLlk izR;sd fo|kFkhZ ds lkFk vyx&vyx fd;k
tkuk gSA blds fy, vkdyudrkZ ,d&,d djds fo|kFkhZ dks cqyk;sa vkSj muls
i<++us dks dgsa rFkk mls vius fjdkMZ ds fy;s fy[k ysaA ;fn dksbZ cPpk fdlh
'kCn ij vVd jgk gks rks vkdyudrkZ mls FkksM+k le; nsA vxj og rc Hkh ugha
i<++ ik;s rks mls vxyk “kCn@okD; i<++us ds fy, dgsaaA
2-7-2 nwljk fgLlk og gS ftlesa vkdyudrkZ dh enn ls fo|kFkhZ dke djsaxsa tSls&
Jqfrys[k dk dkeA blds fy, vkdyudrkZ lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks ,d lkFk cSBk nsa
rFkk /kheh xfr ds lkFk 'kCnksa@okD;ksa dk Li"V :i ls mPpkj.k djsa rkfd
fo|kFkhZ mls vkjke ls fy[k ldsaA blds fy;s d{kk fujh{kd dks vyx ls funsZ'k
i`"B fn;k tk;sxkA
2-7-3 rhljk fgLlk og gS ftlesa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks Lo;a i<++dj iz'uksa ds tokc nsus gSaA
blds fy, vkdyudrkZ fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks Lo;a i<++dj mÙkj iqfLrdk esa fy[kus
dks dgsaaA
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
19
2-8 xf.kr@i;kZoj.k v/;;u@foKku ds fy,
izLrkfor pj.k
2-8-1 vkdyudrkZ isij fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks ns nsa vkSj ogka fn;s x;s funsZ'k le>k nsaA isij
esa fn, x, funsZ'k fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks ns nsaA bu isijksa esa vf/kdrj iz'u cgqfodYih;
¼,d ls vf/kd fodYi okys½ gSa] ftuesa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks ;k rks lgh dk fu'kku
vFkok xksyk yxkuk gSA
2-8-2 igys fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks i;kZoj.k v/;;u dk isij djus nsaA foKku dk isij mUgha
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks djus ds fy, nsa ftUgksus i;kZoj.k v/;;u dk isij gy fd;k gks
vkSj Lrj 2 esa 80 izfr'kr vad izkIr fd;s gksaA
3-1 vkdyu isijksa dh tkap ds fy, funsZ'k&
3-1-1 izR;sd vkdyu isij dh tkap ds nkSjku fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks muesa vad fn;s tk;saxsaA
lgh gy djus ij iwoZ fu/kkZfjr vad rFkk xyr djus ij 'kwU; vad fn;k
tk;sxkA vkaf'kd lgh gksus ij Hkh vad dk izko/kku gSA vkdyudrkZ lHkh
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds isijksa dks tkapdj Ldksfjax 'khV esa muds vadksa dks HkjsaxsA blds
ckn izR;sd Ldwy dh Ldksfjax 'khV ds vk/kkj ij lesfdr 'khV rS;kj dh tk;sxh
rFkk fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds }kjk izkIr vadksa dk fo'ys"k.k fd;k tk;sxkA
/;ku j[kus dh ckrsa
vkdyu ds nkSjku
ftu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks i<++us@fy[kus esa fnDdr gks vkSj vxj os vkdyudrkZ ls enn ekaxsa rks vkdyudrkZ
mUgsa iz'u i<++dj lquk ldrk gS ysfdu ;g /;ku j[ksa fd mUgsa mRrj dk dksbZ ladsr uk nsaA ;g dke izR;sd
fo|kFkhZ ds ikl tkdj fd;k tkuk gSA iwjh d{kk dks isij i<++dj ugha lquk;k tkuk gSA
vkdyu ds ckn
vkdyu iwjk gksus ds ckn vkdyudrkZ lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ls isij ys ysa vkSj ;g ns[k ysa fd ftrus fo|kFkhZ
mifLFkr Fks mruh la[;k esa isij vk x;s gSa ;k ughaA
3-1-2 fo|kfFkZ;ksaa }kjk izkIr fd;s x;s vadksa ds vkk/kkj ij mudk Lrj fu/kkZj.k fd;k
tk;sxkA Lrj fu/kkZj.k ds fy, fuEufyf[kr rjhdk dke esa fy;k tkuk gS&
3-1-2-1 ;fn dksbZ cPpk rhuksa Lrjksa esa 80 izfr'kr ;k mlls vf/kd vad izkIr djrk gS rks
og Lrj 3 ikj dj pqdk gS vFkkZr~ og d{kk 8 ds led{k ;k mlls vf/kd ds Lrj
ij gSA
3-1-2-2 ;fn dksbZ cPpk Lrj 1 esa 79 izfr'kr vad izkIr djrk gS rks og Lrj 1 ¼d{kk 3½
ij gksxkA vkSj ;fn dksbZ cPpk Lrj 1 esa 80 izfr'kr vad izkIr djrk gS rks og
Lrj 2 ¼d{kk 5½ esa igqap tk;sxkA
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
20
v/;k;2
3-1-3 fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds isijksa dks ns[kdj vkdyudrkZ dks 'khV esa ;g Hkh Hkjuk gksxk fd
fo|kFkhZ izR;sd fo"k; esa fdl d{kk ;k Lrj rd igqap pqds gSaA
4- vkdyu ds ifj.kkeksa dk mi;ksx&
4-1 f'k{kd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks muds Lrj ds vk/kkj ij lewg esa ckaV ysa rkfd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa
dh enn muds Lrj ds vuqlkj dh tk ldsA
4-2 f'k{kd mu fo"k;ksa ij T;knk /;ku nsa ftuesa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks vf/kd enn dh
t:jr gS tSls vxj fo|kFkhZ Lrj 1 ij gh gSa rks t:jh gS fd fgUnh vkSj xf.kr
ij vf/kd le; fn;k tk;sA
4-3 iz/kkuk/;kid rFkk f'k{kd bu ifj.kkeksa dks leqnk; rFkk vfHkHkkodksa ls Hkh 'ks;j
dj ldrs gSa rFkk muls fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks fu;fer Ldwy Hkstus rFkk ?kj ij i<++kbZ eas
enn djus ds ckjs esa ckr dj ldrs gSaA
4-4 fo|ky; izcU/ku ,oa fodkl lfefr ¼,l-,e-Mh-lh-½ Hkh bu ifj.kkeksa ds vk/kkj
ij fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh izxfr dk vkdyu dj ldrh gSA lkFk gh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh
fu;ferrk dks lqfuf'pr djus esa f'k{kdksasa dh enn dj ldrh gSA
4-5 fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds vkdyu ds ifj.keksa dks lk>k djus esa laosnu'khyrk cjrsa vkSj ;g
fo'ks"k /;ku j[ksa fd fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa fdlh izdkj dh ghu Hkkouk ugha mRiUu gksA
lkFk dgha mu ij i<+kbZ esa ihNs gksus dk yscy u yx tk;sA
4-6 izk/kkuk/;kid bl vkdyu ds ifj.kkeksa ds vk/kkj ij fo|ky; dk Lo ewY;kadu
dj ldrs gSa vkSj fo|ky; ds fy;s vkxkeh o"kZ dh izkFkfedrk;sa r; dj ldrs
gSaA
lHkh fo"k;ksa ds vkdyu isij] Ldksfjax 'khV ,oa MkVk izi= izf'k{k.k ds nkSjku
miyC/k djk, tk,¡xs
v/;k;2
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
21
Ekk/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe ¼,l-,l-vkj-ih-½ pj.kksa esa fØ;kfUor fd;k tkus
okyk dk;ZØe gS ftldk gj ,d pj.k leku :i ls egRoiw.kZ gSaA blfy;s
izR;sd pj.k dks Bhd ls le>uk vko';d gSA blfy;s ,l v/;k; esa izR;sd
pj.k ds mÌs'; vkSj ml nkSjku dh tkus okyh xfrfof?k;ksa ds ckjs esa foLrkj ls
crk;k x;k gSA
Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ds fy, lewg fu/kkZj.k&
vkdyu ds ckn d{kk 9 ds fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds vf/kdre pkj Lrj gks ldrs gSa&
lewg 1& ftlesa Lrj 1 ds fo|kFkhZ gSaA
lewg 2& ftlesa Lrj 2 ds fo|kFkhZ gSaA
lewg 3& ftlesa Lrj 3 ds fo|kFkhZ gSaA
lewg 4 tks fo|kFkhZ Lrj 3 dks ikj dj pqds gSa vFkkZr ftUgksus rhuksa Lrjksa ds isij
esa 80 izfr'kr ls vf/kd iz'u lgh fd;s gSaA
blds vfrfjDr ;g Hkh lEHko gS fd dksbZ cPpk xf.kr esa lewg 1 esa gks tcfd
ogh cPpk fgUnh esa lewg 2 esa gksA vFkok fgUnh ,oa xf.kr esa dksbZ cPpk lewg 2 esa
gks vkSj vaxzsth esa lewg 1 esa gksA blds vfrfjDr izR;sd lewg ds vUrxZr Hkh
fofHkUu Lrj ds fo|kFkhZ gks ldrs gSaA
v/;k;3
Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi] lg;ksxkRed
vf/kxe pj.k rFkk lekiu dSEi
Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ds nkSjku lewg 3 ds cPpksa dks vf/kdrj le; fcuk f'{kd dh enn ds Lo;a gh dke djuk gksxk D;ksafd f'k{kd
viuk vf/kd le; lewg 1 ,oa lewg 2 ds cPpksa ds lkFk nsxsaA ,slh fLFkfr esa f'k{kd lewg 3 ds lkFk fuEufyf[kr dkeksa dh
;kstuk cuk ldrs gSa&
l cPpksa dks dqN vo/kkj.kkvksa dh iqujko`fRr dk dke fn;k tk ldrk gSA ;g dke ikB~;iqLrd ij vk/kkfjr gks ldrk gS
vFkok mudh uksVcqd esa Hkh os ;g vH;kl dj ldrs gSaA
l mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds nkSjku fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, vH;kl iqfLrdk miyC/k djkbZ xbZ gSaA cPps Lo;a mudks i<++dj dke dj
ldrs gSaA
l fo|kfFkZ;k dks dksbZ izkstsDV oØ fn;k tk ldrk gS ftls os lewgksa esa dj ldrs gSaA
l cPps lewg 1 ,oa lewg 2 ds cPpksa dh lh[kus esa enn Hkh dj ldrs gSaA
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
22
v/;k;3
bl izdkj ;g lEHko gS fd fo|kfFk;Z kaas ds fofHkUu Lrj gkAsa ,d f'k{kd ds fy, brus
Lrjk@as legw kas ds lkFk dke djuk efq 'dy gks ldrk gAS ,ls h fLFkfr eas f'k{kd fo|kfFk;Z kaas ds
rhu legw cuk yAas igys legw eas Lrj 1 ¼d{kk 3 ls de Lrj½ ds fo|kFkhZ gks ldrs gAaS nlw js
legw eas Lrj 2 ¼d{kk 5 ls de Lrj½ ds fo|kFkhZ gks ldrs gAaS vkjS rhljs legw eas Lrj 3 rFkk
mlls Åij ds fo|kFkhZ gks ldrs gAaS ;gka ;g Hkh /;ku j[kk tkuk t:jh gS fd fo|kfFk;Z kaas ds
fo"k; okj legw cuk;s tkus gaS vkjS muds lkFk vyx&vyx fo"k;kas eas vyx&vyx gh dke
gkxs kA
1- Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi&
Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi eq[; :i ls mu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds fy, pyk;k tkrk gS ftuds
uhao dks etcwr djus dh vko';drk gS] vFkkZr~ vkdyu ds nkSjku tks fo|kFkhZ
Lrj 1 ¼d{kk 3½ vkSj Lrj 2 ¼d{kk 5½ esa vkrs gSaA Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi dk mn~ns'; gS
fd lHkh fo|kFkhZ Lrj 2 dks ikj dj ysa vFkkZr~ d{kk 5 rd dh n{krk;sa izkIr dj
ysaA
Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dqy 72 ?k.Vs dke fd;k tkuk gSA ;g 18
fnu pysxk rFkk izfrfnu 4 ?k.Vs dke fd;k tk;sxkA brus de le; esa ;g
lEHko ugha gS fd d{kk 5 rd dh lHkh n{krkvksa ij dke fd;k tk ldsA
blhfy, Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ds fy, dqN ewyHkwr n{krkvksa dks fpfg~ur fd;k x;k
gS ftu ij dke fd;k tkuk gSA ;s os n{krk;sa gSa ftuds vk/kkj ij fo|kFkhZ vkxs
dh d{kkvksa ds dke dks vklkuh ls dj ldrs gSaA
bl izdkj Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ds fy, lewg fu/kkZj.k esa fuEu izfØ;k viukbZ tk
ldrh gS&
1-1 izLrkfor pj.k
1-1-1 lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk Lrj vkdyu dj ysa rFkk muds }kjk fd, x, dke ds
vk/kkj ij Åij crk;s x;s pkj esa ls fdlh ,d lewg esa mUgsa j[ksaA
1-1-2 Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi esa eq[; Qksdl Lrj 1 vkSj Lrj 2 ds fo|kFkhZ gksrs gSaA blhfy,
lewg 1 vkSj lewg 2 ds fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds vykok vU; lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk ,d lewg
3 cuk nsaA
1-1-3 lewg 1 ,oa 2 ds lkFk f'k{kd iwjs le; dke djsa rFkk lewg 3 dks bl izdkj dk
dke fn;k tk ldrk gS ftls os fcuk f'k{kd dh enn ds Hkh dj ldsaA ;g dke
iwoZ esa lh[ks gq, dk vH;kl Hkh gks ldrk gSA
1-1-4 lewg 1 ,oa 2 dks fo"k;okj cuk;k tkuk pkfg, rkfd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds Lrj ds
vuqlkj gh muds lkFk f'k{k.k gks ldsA vFkkZr~ dksbZ cPpk xf.kr esa lewg 1 esa gks
ldrk gS ysfdu fgUnh esa og lewg 2 esa gks ldrk gSA
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
23
1-1-5 vxj fdlh fo"k; esa Lrj 1 esa fo|kFkhZ gh ugha gksa rks mlds fy, vyx ls
lewg cukus dh t:jr ugha gSA tSls vxj fgUnh esa lHkh fo|kFkhZ Lrj 2
ij vkrs gSa rks fgUnh ds fy, Lrj 1 dk lewg cukus dh vk';drk ugha
gSA
1-2 fo"k;okj le; foHkktu&
Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dqy 72 ?k.Vs dke fd;k tkuk gS]
ftlesa Qksdl Lrj 1 ,oa 2 ds fo|kFkhZ gksxsaA bu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk pkj
fo"k;ksa ¼fgUnh] vaxzsth] xf.kr vkSj i;kZoj.k v/;;u½ dk dke gksxkA
dSEi ds nkSjku izfrfnu lHkh fo"k;ksa ij dke fd;k tkuk pkkfg,A uhps
fo"k;okj izfrfnu fn, tkus okys le; dh ,d lEHkkfor :ijs[kk nh xbZ
gS ysfdu Lrj vkdyu ds ifj.kkeksa ds vk/kkj ij f'k{kdr; dj ldrs gSa
fd os Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi esa fdu fo"k;ksa ij T;knk le; nsuk pkgrs gSa&
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds dqy lewgksa ds vk/kkj ij Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ds 18 fnuksa dh le;
lkj.kh r; dh tk ldrh gSA
/;ku j[kus dh ckrsa
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh la[;k ds vk/kkj ij Lrj 1 vkSj 2 dks feykdj Hkh dke fd;k tk ldrk gSA vFkkZr~ vxj fdlh Lrj esa cgqr de
fo|kFkhZ ¼5&7 fo|kFkhZ½ gSa rks mUgsa nwljs lewg ds lkFk cSBkdj dke dj ldrs gSaA
f'k{kdLrj vkdyu ds ifj.kkeksa rFkk Ldwy dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds vk/kkj ij lewgksa ds fu/kkZj.k ds ckjs esa r; dj ldrs gSaA
egRoiw.kZ ;s gS fd Lrj 1 ,oa Lrj 2 ds fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi esa fd;s tkus okys dke dk Qk;nk fey lds vkSj os
visf{kr izxfr dj ldsaA
Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ds nkSjku ;g /;ku j[kk tkuk pkfg, fd fdlh Hkh lewg esa 40 ls vf/kd fo|kFkhZ uk gksaA D;ksafd vf/kd fo|kFkhZ
gksus ij izR;sd fo|kFkhZ ds Lrj rFkk mldh izxfr dks ns[k ikuk eqf'dy gksrk gSA gks ldrk gS fdlh Lrj esa 40 ls vf/kd fo|kFkhZ
gksa rks ml Lrj ds fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds ,d ls vf/kd lewg cuk;s tk ldrs gSaA tSls& vxj Lrj 1 esa 60 fo|kFkhZ gksa rks 30&30
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds nks lewg cuk;s tk ldrs gSaA
fo"k; izfrfnu fn;k tkus okyk le; 18 fnuksa esa fn;k tkus okyk dqy le;
fgUnh 1 ?k.Vk 18 ?k.Vs
xf.kr 1 ?k.Vk 18 ?k.Vs
vaxzsth 1 ?k.Vk 18 ?k.Vs
i;kZoj.k v/;;u 1 ?k.Vk 18 ?k.Vs
dqy le; 4 ?k.Vs 72 ?k.Vs
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
24
v/;k;3
1-3 Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ds vUr esa fodflr dh tkus okyh dqN ewyHkwr
visf{kr n{krk;sa
Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ds vUr esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa esa fodflr gksus okyh Lrjokj
dqN ewyHkwr visf{kr n{krkvksa ds ckjs esa layXud 1 esa fn;k x;k gSA
f'k{kd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds orZeku Lrj dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, bl izdkj
;kstuk cuk;sa fd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa esa bu n{krkvksa dk fodkl gks ldsA blds
fy, ;g vko';dgS fd f'k{kd Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ds izkjEHk esa gh izR;sd
fo|kFkhZ dh ,d izksQkby cuk ysa rFkk mlds vk/kkj ij muds fy, y{;
Hkh r; dj ysaA blls f'k{kd dks fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk izfrfnu dh dke dh
;kstuk cukus esa vklkuh gksxhA
1-4 lHkh izf'k{k.kksa dk vk;kstu djuk vkSj mlesa of.kZr xfrfof/k;ksa dks
dk;ZØe ds mÌs'; vkSj lksp ds vuq:i fØ;kfUor djuk gksxkA
2- lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe dk pj.k&
Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi iwjk djus ds ckn visf{kr ;g gS fd fo|kFkhZ d{kk 5 dh
dqN ewyHkwr n{krkvksasa dks lh[k ldsaA bl pj.k dk mn~ns'; gS fd
fo|kFkhZ d{kk 8 rd dh dqN ewyHkwr n{krkvksasa dks izkIr dj ldsaA
bl pj.k esa rhu fo"k;ksa& xf.kr] vaxzsth vkSj foKku ij dke fd;k
tk;sxkA bl pj.k dh vof/k 45 fnu dh gksrh gS] ftlesa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds
lkFk izfrfnu 2 ?k.Vs 15 feuV ,oa dqy 102 ?k.Vs dke fd;k tk;sxkA
f'k{kd izR;sd fo"k; ij 45 feuV fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke djsxsaA lkFk
gh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks blds lkFk Lo;a ls djus ds fy, vH;kl fn, tk
ldrs gSaA
bl Lrj ds fy, fo"k;okj foHkktu bl izdkj gks ldrk gSA ysfdu
Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi esa fd, x, dke vkSj fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds Lrj dks ns[krs gq,
f'k{kd fo"k;kuqlkj bls de&T;knk Hkh dj ldrs gSaA ysfdu bl pj.k
esa dqy 102 ?k.Vs fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke gksuk t:jh gSA
2-1 bl Lrj ds fy, vko';d gS fd f'k{kd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks Lo;a lh[kus ds
vf/kd ls vf/kd ekSds nsaA f'k{kd enndrkZ ds :i esa mUgsa vkxs lh[kus
vFkok mudh dfBukbZ;ksa dks le>dj mUgsa nwj djus dk iz;kl djsaA bl
pj.k ds vUr esa visf{kr gS fd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa esa Lrj 3 ¼d{kk 8½ rd dh dqN
ewyHkwr n{krkvksa vk tk;saA fodflr dh tkus okyh dqN ewyHkwr visf{kr
n{krkvksa dh lwph layXud 1 esa nh xbZ gSaA
2-2 bl pj.k ds nkSjku fn;s tkus okys le; dk fooj.k
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
25
v/;k;3
3- dalkfyMs'ku dSEi ¼lekiu dSEi½
lekiu dSEi esa vis{kk ;g gksrh gS fd ;gka rd vkrs&vkrs fo|kFkhZ d{kk 8 rd
dh dqN ewyHkwr n{krkvksa dks izkIr dj pqds gksrs gSa vkSj vc os d{kk 9 esa dke
djus ds fy, rS;kj gSaA blesa Hkh dsoy rhu fo"k;ksa ij dke gksrk gS& xf.kr]
vaxzsth vkSj foKkuA lekiu dSEi Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi vkSj lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe ds
pj.k ds lQyrkiwoZd iwjk djus ds ckn vk;ksftr gksrk gSA ;g dSEi 6 fnu ds
fy, vk;ksftr fd;k tkrk gSA blesa izR;sd fnu 2 ?k.Vs 15 feuV dke fd;k
tkrk gSA bl izdkj bl pj.k esa dqy 13 ?k.Vs fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke gksrk gSA
lekiu dSEi gsrq iwoZ fu/kkZfjr ikB~;Øe ugha gS fdUrq blesa fd;s tkusokys dke
dh :ijs[kk rS;kj djuh gksxhA bl pj.k esa fdu igywvksa ij dke fd;k tk;s&
;g Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi vkSj lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe ds pj.k esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa }kjk fd,
x, dke rFkk mlds vkdyu ds vk/kkj ij r; fd;k tk;sxkA ;gka lq>ko ;g
gksxk fd f'k{kd lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe ds pj.k dh lekfIr ij fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk
vkdyu djsa rFkk ppkZ djds d{kk 9 ds ikB~;Øe esa dfBu yx jgh vo/kkj.kvksa
dh lwph ds vk/kkj ij lekiu dSEi dh ;kstuk cuk;saA
lekiu dSEi esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks dqN vH;kl vk/kkfjr dke fn, tkrs gSa vkSj bl
fo"k; izfrfnu fn;k tkus okyk le; 45 fnuksa esa fn;k tkus okyk dqy le;
xf.kr 45 feuV 34 ?k.Vs
vaxzsth 45 feuV 34 ?k.Vs
foKku 45 feuV 34 ?k.Vs
dqy le; 2 ?k.Vs 15 feuV 102 ?k.Vs
fo"k; izfrfnu fn;k tkus okyk le; 6 fnuksa esa fn;k tkus okyk dqy le;
xf.kr 45 feuV 4-5 ?k.Vs
vaxzsth 45 feuV 4-5 ?k.Vs
foKku 45 feuV 4-5 ?k.Vs
dqy le; 2 ?k.Vs 15 feuV 13 ?k.Vs
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
26
v/;k;3
izdkj mUgsa d{kk 9 dh ikB~;iqLrd ds lkFk dke djus ds fy, rS;kj fd;k tkrk
gSA bl dSEi esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk f'k{kd lg;ksx bdkbZ rFkk f'k{kkFkhZ
Lovf/kxe bdkbZ;ksa dks Hkh dke esa fy;k tk ldrk gSA blds vfrfjDr dqN
vH;kl i=d Hkh rS;kj fd;s tk ldrs gSa vkSj lewg xfrfof/k;ka Hkh djkbZ tk
ldrh gSaA
v/;k;3
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
27
mn~Hko dk;ZØe dk eq[; mís'; fo|kfFkZ;ksaa esa muds d{kk ds Lrj dh n{krkvksa
dk fodkl djuk gSA bl mís'; dh izkfIr ,oa ,l-,l-vkj-ih- ds fØ;kUo;u esa
lg;ksx ds fy;s f'k{kdks vkSj fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy;s lalk/ku fodflr fd;s x;s gSaA
blds vUrxZr ikB;Øe lacfU/kr fo"k;ksa ds fo'ks"kKksa dh Hkh igpku gksuh gS] tks
jkT; lalk/ku dsUnz ls tqM+s gksxsA blds lkFk dk;ZØe ds lkef;d iqujkoyksdu
dk izko/kku Hkh gS tks dk;ZØe dks izHkko'kkyh cukus es enn feysxhA
1- fo"k; ,oa Lrjokj n{krkvksa dh lwph
Lrj 1 ¼d{kk 3 rd dh dqN ewyHkwr n{krk;sa½] Lrj 2 ¼d{kk 5 rd dh
dqN ewyHkwr n{krk;sa½] Lrj 3 ¼d{kk 8 rd dh dqN ewyHkwr n{krk;sasa½ ds
fy, ;s lwph layXud 1 esa nh xbZ gSA
v/;k;4
mn~Hko& f'k{k.k vf/kxe
laca/kh lalk/ku
f'k{kd ekxZnf'kZdk& fgUnh ¼fnol 4½
xfrfof/k dk uke & okD;ksa dks i<++uk vkSj fy[kuk
mn~ns'; & okD;kssa dks i<++us vkSj fy[kus dk vH;kl
le;kof/k & 45 feuV
lkexzh & i<++us ds vH;kl ds fy, ikB@dgkuh dh fdrkc] dk;Z iqfLrdk
djus dk rjhdk
l tSlk fd Åij crk;k x;k gS fd f'k{kd Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi esa cPpksa dks vf/kd ls vf/kd i<++us ds ekSds nsaA cPpksa dks
ikB~;iqLrd esa fn, x, okD;ksa dks i<++us ds fy, dg ldrs gSaA mUgsa iqLrdky; esa miyC/k vU; fdrkcksa esa ls Hkh i<++us ds
vH;kl ds fy, dgk tk ldrk gSA cPpksa ds lkFk lewg esa i<++us ds fy, dgk tk ldrk gS vFkok mUgsa LorU= :i ls i<++us
ds fy, Hkh dgk tk ldrk gSA
l dk;Z iqfLrdk esa Hkh okD;ksa dks i<++us ds vH;kl ds fy, oØ'khV nh xbZ gSA vU; lkexzh ds lkFk f'k{kd cPpksa dks oØ'khV
^^okD; i<++ks** dks i<++us ds fy, Hkh nsaA f'k{kd bu okD;ksa dks cPpksa ls dkih esa fy[kus ds fy, Hkh dg ldrs gSaA
l oØ'khV ^^'kCnksa dks lgh Øe esa tekdj okD; fy[kks** esa vO;ofLFkr :i esa 'kCnksa dks fn;k x;k gSA bUgsa Øe esa tekdj
okD; dks iqu% fy[kk tkuk gSA f'k{kd bl oØ'khV ij cPpksa ls dke djus dks dgsaA cPps tc viuk dke dj ysa rks f'k{kd
bls tkapdj cPpksa dks QhMcSd vo'; nsaA
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
28
2- Lrj vkdyu ds fo"k;okj isij& fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk Lrj irk djus ds fy, lHkh
fo"k;ksa ¼fgUnh] xf.kr] vaxzsth] i;kZoj.k v/;;u] foKku ,oa lkekftd Kku½ esa
Lrj vkdyu isij rS;kj fd, x, gSaA buds ek/;e ls f'k{kd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk Lrj
irk dj mudk lewg fu/kkZj.k dj ldrs gSaA
3- ,l-,l-vkj-ih- fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk& ;g lanf'kZdk bl dk;ZØe ds
fØ;kUo;u ds ckjs esa crkrh gSA ;g lanf'kZdk dk;ZØe ds fØ;kUo;u dk rjhdk]
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk Lrj vkdyu vkSj lewg cukus fof/k;ka] xfrfof/k;ka o muds
fØ;kUo;u ds rjhds ds ckjs esa foLrkj ls crkrh gSA
4- izf'k{kdksa ds {kerko/kZu ds fy;s lanf'kZdk& ;g lanf'kZdk ewyr% mnHko ls tqM+s
lg;ksfx;ksa o izf'k{kdksa ds {kerko/kZu dks /;ku esa j[k dj cuk;h xbZ gSA ;s blds
vUrxZr lg;ksfx;ksa ds izf'k{k.k ds fo"k;ksa vkSj lapkyu ds rjhdksa dks foLrkj ls
crkrha gSaA
5- mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds fy, miyC/k f'k{k.k vf/kxe lalk/ku&f'k{kd mn~Hko
dk;ZØe dk csgrj rjhds ls fØ;kUo;u dj ldsa& blds fy, vko';d lkexzh
dh ,d fdV rS;kj dh xbZ gSA bl fdV esa fuEufyf[kr lkexzh miyC/k gksxh&
5-1 f'k{kd ekxZnf'kZdk& Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ,oa lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe ds pj.k esa fd,
tkusokys dke ds fy, fgUnh] xf.kr] vaxzsth] i;kZoj.k v/;;u] lkekU; foKku
fo"k;ksa esa f'k{kd lanf'kZdk rS;kj dh xbZ gS] tks Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi esa fo"k;okj
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk fd;s tkusokys xfrfof/k;ksa ds ckjs esa crkrh gSaA
5-2 fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, vH;kl iqfLrdk& ;g Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi rFkk lg;ksxkRed
vf/kxe pj.k esa dke djus ds fy, rS;kj dh xbZ gSA ;g fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds dke djus
ds fy, gSA ;g vH;kl iqfLrdk fgUnh] xf.kr] vaxzsth i;kZoj.k v/;;u fo"k;ksa esa
rS;kj dh xbZ gSA blesa vH;kl i=dksa ds ek/;e ls fo|kFkhZ fofHkUu vo/kkj.kkvksa
ij dke dj ldsaxsaA
5-3 f'k{kkFkhZ Lo vf/kxe bdkbZ ,oa f'k{kd lg;ksx bdkbZ& xf.kr] vaxzsth rFkk
foKku esa fofHkUu vo/kkj.kkvksa dks le>us rFkk fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke djus esa
enn ds fy, fo|kFkhZ Lo vf/kxe ,oa f'k{kd lg;ksx bdkbZ fodflr dh xbZ gSaA
buesa vf/kdrj vo/kkj.kk;sa os gSa tks fd d{kk 9 ,oa 10 esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks fl[kkbZ
tkrh gSaA ;s lkexzh uk dsoy mn~Hko dk;ZØe esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds fy, lgk;d gS
cfYd mu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk Hkh dke esa yh tk ldrh gS] ftudk Lrj d{kk 9 ,oa
10 dk gSA
6 vU; lgk;d lkexzh& blds vfrfjDr dk;ZØe ds csgrj lapkyu ds fy, ;g
v/;k;4
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
29
vko';dgS fd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks fo"k;okj vU; lkexzh tSls& d{kk 1 ls 8
rd dh ikB~;iqLrdsa] dgkuh dh fdrkcsa] i<++us ds fy, vU; fdrkcsa]
v/;k;4
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
30
fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, vH;kl iqfLrdk
'kCnksa dks lgh Øe esa tekdj okD; fy[kks&
ukprk @ gS @ taxy @ eksj @ esa
nkSM+ @ ?kksM+k @ gS @ jgk
esjh @ ;g @ gS @ isfUly
gS @ ?kkl @ xk; @ [kkrh
Qy@cktkj@eksgu@yk;k@ls
eVds@dkS,@ls@ikuh@us@fi;k
1- fo'okl ,oa ekU;rk;sa
fdlh Hkh dk;Z dk lgh ;k xyr gksus dk QSlyk ge viuh ekU;rk ds
vk/kkj ij gh djrs gSaA bl fy;s gekjs lHkh dk;Z gekjh ekU;rkvksa vkSj
mlls tqM+s fo'okl ij gh vk/kkfjr gksrha gSa] tks u flQZ gesa cfYd gekjs
vkl&ikl ds yksaxksa ij Hkh izHkko Mkyrk gSaA ekU;rkvksa ds cuus esa dbZ
lkjs dkjdks dh Hkwfedk gksrh gS ijUrq viuh f'k{kk] tkudkjh] ifjos'k
vge gSaA lekt esa izpfyr T;knkrj ekU;rkvksa dks ge fcuk T;knk
ij[k fd;s gh eku ysrs gSaA bl v/;k; esa mu fo'okl ,oa ekU;rkvksa dh
ckr djsaxsa tks fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lh[kus dks izHkkfor djrh gSaA ;g t:jh gS
fd vki ;gka fn, x, dFkuksa@ekU;rkvksa ij fopkj djsa vkSj lkspus]
fopkjus] fo'ys"k.k vkSj ijh{k.k djus ds ckn gh Lohdkj djsaA
ekU;rk% ¼d½ fo|kFkhZ eq[;r% d{kk esa gh lh[krs gS
okLrfodrk
fo|kFkhZ gj oDr lh[krs gSa u fd dsoy d{kkvksa esaA mudk thou lHkh
izdkj ds vuqHkoksa ls Hkjk iM+k gSA Ldwyh thou ds vkB lky fcrkus ds
ckn os ek/;fed d{kkvksa esa vkrs gSa vkSj muds lkFk gksrk gS& vuqHko dk
vlhfer Hk.Mkj] fopkj ,oa jk; vkSj cgqr ls lokyA bu vuqHkoksa] le>
,oa iz'uksa dks viuh d{kk ds lh[kus&fl[kkus dh izfØ;k esa 'kkfey djuk]
vkidks lQyrk izkIr djus esa dkQh enn djsxkA ;g fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds
lkFk ckrphr djus] vius thou ds mnkgj.kksa ls tqM+us vkSj lh[kh xbZ
ckrksa dks okLrfod thou dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ykxw djus esa enn djrk
gSA
ekU;rk% ¼[k½ fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks lwpuk ,oa le> fn, tkus dh t:jr gSA os
Lo;a ugha lh[k ldrs
okLrfodrk
vkius ns[kk gksxk fd bl mez esa fo|kFkhZ cgqr lh phtksa ¼eksckby Qksu
vkSj izkS|ksfxdh½ ds iz;ksx ls u;s dkS'ky ,oa n{krkvksa dks Lo;a lh[krs gSaA
v/;k;5
lh[kus dk ekgkSy ,oa
lkekU; fl)kUr
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
31
okLro esa os rsth ls lh[krs gSa tc os Lo;a lkspus dk volj ikrs gSaA mu
phtksa dk fo'ys"k.k djds vius fu"d"kZ [kqn cukrs gSaA izk;% fo|ky; esa
fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh xfrfof/k i<+us lquus ls gh lacaf/kr gksrk gSA mUgsa ppkZ
djus] cgl djus] vius lansg ,oa mRlqdrk dks tkfgj djus ds cgqr
de volj gksrs gSaA fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds voyksduksa vkSj fopkjksa dks 'kkfey
djds] ,sls okrkoj.k dk fuekZ.k djds tgka os iz'u mBk ldsa vkSj mlds
ihNs ds dkj.k ij viuh jk; O;Dr dj ldsa] bR;kfn dqN rjhds gSa
ftlls os vPNk lh[k ldrs gSaA mUgsa okLro esa ,slk djus ds fy,
fujUrj izksRlkfgr djus dh vk';drk gSA
ekU;rk% ¼x½ fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks 'kkar cSBuk pkfg, vkSj /;kuiwoZd O;k[;ku lquus
pkfg;sa
okLrfodrk
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks ckr djus ,oa nwljksa ls feyus dh vk';drk gSA vkSj
muds pkjksa rjQ ,slk okrkoj.k cukus dh vk';drk gS ftlls lwpuk
dh izfØ;k muds efLr"d rd igqap ldsA os vdsys viuh le> cukus
esa dfBukbZ eglwl dj ldrs gSa ysfdu lewg esa os T;knk lgtrk ls ckr
djrs gSa] fofo/k fopkj vkSj fodYiksa ds ckjs esa lk>k djrs gSa& ;s lHkh
phtsa mUgsa lh[kus esa enn djrh gSaA blh dkj.k ls d{kk esa lewg dk;Z dks
izksRlkfgr djuk ,d vPNk fopkj gSA
ekU;rk% ¼?k½ ikB~;iqLrdsa lh[kus dk lcls egRoiw.kZ lzksr gSa
okLrfodrk
vke ekU;rk gS fd ikB~;iqLrdsa lh[kus ds lcls egRoiw.kZ lzksr gSa ysfdu
oLrqr% ikB~;iqLrdsa ek/;fed Lrj ij lh[kus ds fy, lcls egRoiw.kZ
lkexzh ugha gSa& okLro esa ;g vkids fy, ,d xkbM gS tks vkidks fdl
ij /;ku dsfUnzr djuk gS] bldk p;u djus esa enn djrh gSA
ikB~;iqLrdksa ds vykok vU; f'k{k.k vf/kxe lkexzh] iz;ksx'kkyk ds
midj.k] pkVZ] iqLrdky; dh iqLrdksa] lekpkj i=ksa] 'kCndks"kksa vkSj
vU; lanHkZ iqLrdksa vkSj VsDuksykWth ds Hkh mi;ksx dh vk';drk gSA
leqnk; vkSj ifjokj ds vuqHkoksa dk Hkh vPNh rjg ls lh[kus esa bLrseky
fd;k tk ldrk gSA
v/;k;5
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
32
ekU;rk% ¼p½ vkf[kj os fo|kFkhZ gh rks gSa
okLrfodrk
f'k{kdksasa dk ;g ekuuk gksrk gS fd ;s rks fo|kFkhZ gSa vkSj muds lkFk blh
izdkj ls O;ogkj fd;k tk ldrk gS] ysfdu bl Lrj ij fo|kfFkZ;ksaa us
vf/kdkfjd rkSj ij vius cpiu dks iwjk dj fy;k gS vkSj os viuh fd'kksjkoLFkk
esa gSaA os viuh igpku fodflr djuk pkgrs gSa vkSj viuh Nfo ds lkFk&lkFk
vius vkRelEeku ds ckjs esa cgqr laosnu'khy gksrs gSaA os vius pkjksa vksj dh
nqfu;k esa tks xyr gS] mlds ckjs esa viuk vlarks"k O;Dr dj ldrs gSaA os vius
lkfFk;ksa ds lewg ds fy, cgqr izfrc) gSa] nwljksa dh ns[kHkky djus ds fy, viuh
fpark fn[kkrs gSa vkSj ubZ pqukSfr;ksa vkSj vuqHko ysus esa cgqr mRlkfgr gksrs gSaA
ekU;rk% ¼N½ fiNM+s vkSj /kheh xfr ls lh[kus okys fo|kfFkZ;ksa ls vPNh rjg
lh[kus dh vis{kk ugha dh tk ldrh
okLrfodrk
;g ,d ,slh /kkj.kk gS tks 'kk;n uqdlku dk ,d cgqr cM+k dkj.k gSA
;fn fo'ofo|ky; esa vOoy jgus okys fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks [ksr esa gy tksrus
ds fy, dgk tk;s rks og ogka fiNM+k ¼Lyks½ gh lkfcr gksxkA ;fn lHkh
iz'kkldksa dks dsoy iw.kZ vaxzsth esa dke djus dh vuqefr nh tk;s rks
vf/kdka'k iz'kkld Hkh /khes lh[kusokys ¼Lyks yuZj½ ds :i esa gks ldrs
gSaA vly ckr ;g gS fd ;fn ge mu n{krkvksa@rkdrksa dks ugha ns[krs
gSa tks ,d O;fDr esa gSa vkSj vuqfpr mEehnksa ds fy, cy nsrs gSa rks blls
ml vkneh dh gkfu gksxh vkSj ml ij vuqfpr rjhds ls /khek ;k fiNM+k
gksus dk BIik yx tk;sxkA oLrqr% ;s fo|kFkhZ /kheh xfrokys ;k ihNs ugha
gSa ysfdu lkekftd&vkfFkZd dkj.kksa ls vFkok Ldwy ds ekgkSy ,oa
f'k{k.k fof/k;ksa ds dkj.k os ,sls gks x;s gSaA izR;sd cPpk lh[k ldrk gSa
vkSj csgrj izn'kZu Hkh dj ldrk gS vxj mls lgh ekgkSy feysA
2- ek/;fed d{kkvksa esa lh[kuk&fl[kkuk
ek/;fed d{kkvksa ds fo|kFkhZ vc cpiu ds nkSj ls ckgj fudy pqds gSaA
blhfy, izkjfEHkd f'k{k.k i)fr;ksa dks muds lh[kus&fl[kkus dh
izfØ;kvksa esa tl dk rl ykxw ugha fd;k tk ldrkA xfrfof/k vk/kkfjr
f'k{k.k ;k :fpiw.kZ f'k{k.k ftldk iz;ksx izkjfEHkd f'k{k.k fof/k;ksa ds
vUrxZr gksrk gS] dk vfHkizk; ek/;fed d{kkvksa ds fy, vyx gksxkA bu
d{kkvksa esa lh[kus&fl[kkus ds fy, fuEufyf[kr fl)kUrksa dks /;ku esa
j[kk tkuk pkfg,&
v/;k;5
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
33
2-1 fpUruiw.kZ lgHkkfxrk djkrs gq, lh[kus ds pØ dks iwjk djuk&
bl Lrj ij lh[kus ds fy, tks egRoiw.kZ fl)kUr gS] oks gS& fpUruiw.kZ
lgHkkfxrk ¼Reflective Engagement) fpUruiw.kZ lgHkkfxrk djkrs
gq, lh[kus ds ,d pØ dks iwjk djuk t:jh gksrk gSA dsoy fo|kfFkZ;ksaa
dh :fp tkxzr dj nsus ;k mUgsa ppkZ&cgl esa lfØ; dj nsus Hkj ls
lh[kus dk visf{kr Lrj gkfly ugha fd;k tk ldrkA blds fy,
fuEufyf[kr pØ dks iwjk djuk gksrk gS&
2-1-1 jkspd] pqukSrhiw.kZ vuqHkoksa ls lh[kus dh 'kq:vkr& tc f'k{kd dksbZ
jkspd] izklafxd loky ;k tkudkjh izLrqr djrk gS ;k muds Lrj ds
fy, ,d mi;qDr pqukSrh mRiUu djrk gS rks fo|kFkhZ mRlkg ls tcko
nsrs gSa vkSj dk;Z esa Mwc tkrs gSaA pqukSrh u rks cgqr vklku gks vkSj u gh
cgqr dfBuA ;g cl igqap ls FkksM+h nwjh ij gksA rkfd fo|kFkhZ f'k{kd
vkSj lanHkZ lkexzh dh lgk;rk ls mls iw.kZ ikus djus dk iz;kl djsaA
2-1-2 fpUru&fo'ys'k.k vkSj vuqiz;ksx djrs gq, lh[kus ds y{;ksa dh vksj
c<+uk& gkykafd ;g vkjfEHkd iz;kl vius vki esa pqukSrhiw.kZ vkSj lkspus
ds fy, vxzlj djusokyk gS] rks Hkh ;g i;kZIr ugha gSA dsoy Hkkxhnkjh
djk nsus ek= ls lh[kuk ugha gksrkA vkxs dh izfØ;k esa
fo"k;@VkWfid@lh[kus ds y{; ds lkFk&lkFk fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh
i`"BHkwfe@lh[kus ds Lrj ds vuqlkj fpUru&fo'ys"k.k vkSj vuqiz;ksx ds
fy, [kqykiu vo'; gksA tgka mfpr ,oa vko';d yxs] ogka f'k{kd
O;k[;ku dk mi;ksx dj ldrs gSaA ;k fo|kFkhZ tkudkjh ds vU; lzksrksa
dk iz;ksx dj ldrs gSaA ;g fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh t:jrksa ds vuqlkj gksuk
pkfg, u fd vupkgs ,oa ,drjQk <ax lsA
2-1-3 lesdu@fu"d"kZ fudkyus esa enn djuk& f'k{kd dks le;&le; ij
nksgjkus ;k lesdu djrs jgus dh vk';drk gksrh gSA lesdu djus vkSj
orZeku lh[k dks fiNys@Hkfo"; dh lh[k ds lkFk lglaca/k LFkkfir
djrs jgus ls lh[kuk yEch vof/k rd pyrk jgrk gS vkSj LFkk;h Hkh
gksrk gSA
2-2 lh[kuk lqfuf'pr djuk& fpUruiw.kZ lgHkkfxrk vk/kkfjr lh[kuk
lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, vPNh ;kstuk] d{kk laxBu vkSj vkdyu dk
gksuk vko';dgSA fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds chp ckrphr] ppkZ ¼izfrfØ;k½ dks c<+kok
nsus ds fy, fofo/k rjhds ,oa lkexzh dk mi;ksx ,oa lkFkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ls
ckr djus ds ekSds miyC/k djkus gksxsaA lh[kus ds ckjs esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh
cu jgh le> vkSj muds }kjk eglwl dh tk jgh pqukSfr;ksa ij dsfUnzr
gksuk gksxkA fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh vko';drkvksa dks igpku dj mUgsa enn nsuh
gksxh vkSj muds fy, lh[kuk lgt cukuk gksxkA
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
34
v/;k;5
2-3 izHkko'kkyh@HkkoukRed tqM+ko iSnk djuk& bu lc esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds
O;fDrRo ds HkkoukRed ;k HkkokRed vk;ke dks /;ku esa j[kk tkuk
pkfg,A bl laosnu'khy ,oa tYnh gh izHkkfor gks tkusokyh mez esa ,d
Hkh vlg;ksxkRed fLFkfr fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh lgHkkfxrk vkSj lh[kus dks cqjh
rjg ls izHkkfor djrh gSA ,d ,slk HkkoukRed o vuqdwy ekgkSy iSnk
djuk gksxk tgka fo|kFkhZ viuk lEeku vkSj tqM+ko ¼viusiu dh Hkkouk½
eglwl djsa] vU; ds f[kykQ HksnHkko u djsa ;k [kqn misf{kr eglwl u
djsaA fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds fy, lh[kus ds ,sls vuqHko cukuk ,d f'k{kd dk
mRrjnkf;Ro gSA
3- d{kk dk ekgkSy
mn~Hko dk;ZØe esa ge fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk fiNyh d{kkvksa esa fd, x,
dke dks gh nqckjk ls dj jgs gksxsaA ,slh fLFkfr esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa esa ;g
Hkkouk vkuk LokHkkfod gS fd ge ckdh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ls ihNs gSaA blfy,
;g t:jh gS fd f'k{kd d{kk dk ekgkSy bl izdkj dk cuk;s tks
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks lh[kus ds fy, izsfjr djsA lh[kus fl[kkus ds nkSjku uhps
fn, x, fl)kUrksa dks /;ku esa j[kus ls dk;ZØe dks csgrj rjhds ls
lEiUu fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lh[kus dks lqfuf'pr fd;k
tk ldrk gS&
3-1 fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk lfØ; tqM+ko ;k lgHkkfxrk& lfØ; tqM+ko ;k
lgHkkfxrk dk eryc fdlh xfrfofèk esa 'kkfey gks tkuk Hkj ugha gksrkA
vxj dksbZ cPpk fdlh xfrfofèk esa 'kkfey gS rks mls lfØ; :i ls ml
xfrfofèk esa tqM+k gqvk rHkh ekuk tk ldrk gS tc og ml ij è;ku ns
jgk gks ¼tSls] lquus ds nkSjku½] vkSj mRlkg] #fp] mís'; o ,dkxzrk ds
lkFk ml xfrfofèk esa layXu gksA blhfy, ;g vko';d gS fd f'k{kd
bl izdkj dke djsa fd lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh dke esa lfØ; Hkkxhnkjh jgsA
3-2 lg l`tu& fo|kFkhZ ,d nwljs ls csgrj rjhds ls lh[krs gSaaA f'k{k.k esa
;g cgqr ennxkj gksrk gS fd f'k{kd bl izdkj ds volj rS;kj djsa
ftlesa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks lewgksa esa dke djus dk ekSdk feys vkSj os ,d nwljs
ls lh[kus dh dkf'k'k djsaA ,l-,l-vkj-ih- dk;ZØe esa rks ;g fl)kUr
vkSj Hkh egRoiw.kZ gks tkrk gS D;ksfd blesa fo|kFkhZ fofHkUu Lrjksa ij gSa
vr% lewg dk;Z ds nkSjku ftu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks vkrk gS os mu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa
dh enn dj ldrs gSa ftUgsa dfBukbZ gks jgh gksA blds vykok Lo
v/;;u ds pj.k esa] tgka fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks Lo;a ls dkQh dke djuk gS] lg
l`tu dh ;g j.kuhfr cgqr dkjxj gks ldrh gSA
v/;k;5
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
35
3-3 d{kk esa ldkjkRed ,oa lg;ksxkRed ekgkSy& d{kk esa ldkjkRed ,oa
lg;ksxkRed ekgkSy fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds LoLFk vkSj lkekftd& HkkoukRed
fodkl ds fy, vkèkkjHkwr egÙo j[krk gSA tc fo|kFkhZ vkSj vè;kidksa
ds lkFk ldkjkRed lacaèk fodflr gks tkrs gSa rks mUgsa Ldwy esa T+;knk
et+k vkus yxrk gS vkSj muds lh[kus esa Hkh o`f) gksrh gSA D;ksafd
ldkjkRed lacaèkksa ls fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks lh[kus ds fy, ,d lqjf{kr vkSj
fuf'pUr okrkoj.k feyrk gS vkSj ,sls laca/k mUgsa csgrj vdknfed
miyfCèk;ksa ds fy, izsfjr djrs gSaA
3-4 d{kk esa f'k{kd dh Hkk"kk vkSj mldk egRo& f'k{kd dks d{kk esa bl
izdkj dh Hkk"kk dk mi;ksx djuk pkfg, ftlls fo|kFkhZ lrr :i ls
lh[kus ds fy, vxzlj gksaA fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks lkspus] Lo;a djus vkSj [kkstus]
vius mRrj dh tkap djus vkfn ds vf/kdkf/kd ekSds nsaA blds dqN
mnkgj.k uhps fn, x, gSa&
3-4-1 vki D;k lksprs gSa bl ekeys esa vki ,slk gh D;ksa lksprs gSaD;k dksbZ
dkj.k gS fd ,slk uk gks D;k vki izfØ;k crk ldrs gSaD;k ;g vU;
ifjfLFkfr esa Hkh dke djsxk
3-4-2 vius mRrj ds ckjs esa vki dqN vkSj lkspuk pkgsaxsa D;k vius mRrj dh
tkap ds fy, fdlh lkFkh dh enn ysuk pkgsaxsa eSa fuf'pr ugha gwa fd
eq>s le> esa vk;k gS] vki ,slk D;ksa dg jgs gSa& bldh Li"Vrk ds fy,
dksbZ mnkgj.k ns ldrs gSa
3-4-3 D;k vki blds ihNs ds fl)kUr dks crk ldrs gSa
3-4-4 bu nks lewgksa ds nks vyx fopkj gSaA D;k rhljk fopkj Hkh gks ldrk gS
;k bu nksuksa fopkjksa ds lkFk lkeatL; cuk;k tk ldrk gS
4- fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk gkSlyk cuk;s j[kuk& bl dk;ZØe dk izeq[k vk/kkj gS%
lgtrk ls lh[kuk] lh[kus dh izfØ;kvksa ls HkkoukRed :i ls tqM+uk
vkSj lh[kus esa gj iy lQyrk dk vglklA blhfy, t:jh gks tkrk gS
fd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk gkSlyk yxkrkj dk;e jgsA bl dk;ZØe dh lHkh
izfØ;kvksa ¼pkgs oks Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi gks ;k Lo v/;;u pj.k vFkok
lekiu dSEi½ ds nkSjku ,d f'k{kd dks ges'kk ltx jguk gksxk fd
fo|kFkhZ uk dsoy vkxs c<+rs jgsa cfYd mUgsa lQyrk dk vglkl Hkh
gksrk jgsA uhps dqN fcUnw fn, x, gSa] ftudk mi;ksx dj f'k{kd
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa esa gkSlyk c<+kus esa lQy gks ldrs gSa&
4-1 os lh[kus esa vkuUn ysaA mUgsa ges'kk dke esa u;kiu feysA
4-2 mUgsa ge'kk pqukSrh dk vglkl gksA fn, x, dke uk rks cgqr ljy gksa
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
36
v/;k;5
vkSj uk gh cgqr dfBuA
4-3 le;&le; ij mUgsa vius lkfFk;ksa ds lkFk dke djus ds volj gksaA
dke ,sls gksa] ftuesa os 'kkfey gks ldsaA
fo|kFkhZ tks lh[k jgs gSa] mls O;Dr djus dk ekSdk feyrk jgsA tc Hkh
vH;kl djsa] u;s rjhdksa ds lkFk djsaA u;h vo/kkj.kkvksa ds lkFk dke
djus esa f'k{kd dk lkFk feysA tc Hkh dgha fo|kFkhZ dfBukbZ eglwl
djsa] f'k{kd mUgsa fodYi nsaA f'k{kd muesa lEHkkouk;sa ns[ksa vkSj
HkkoukRed :i ls mUgsa lacy iznku djsa
v/;k;5
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
37
Ldwyksa esa xq.koÙkk lq/kkj ds fy, fd, tk jgs izf'k{k.kksa dk vlj lrr vdknfed
lg;ksx i;kZIr ugha gks ikrk gSA f'k{kk esa lq/kkj ds iz;klksa dk vf/kdre vlj
iSnk djus ds fy, lg;ksx rU= dk gksuk vko';d gSA bl iwjs dke dks ns[kus ds
fy, LFkkuh; Lrj ij dq'ky yksxksa dh Vhe vko';d gSA blhfy, lkspk x;k fd
bl dk;ZØe dks tehuh Lrj ij lgh rjhds ls ykxw djus ds fy, ftys Lrj ij
,d Vhe gks] tks f'k{kdksasa dks Ldwy Lrj ij enn djsa] lkFk gh dk;ZØe ds fofHkUu
lk>snkjksa ds chp dM+h dk dke djsaA blh Vhe dks Mh-vkj-th- dgk tk jgk gSA
1- Mh-vk-th- lnL;ksa dh Hkwfedk&
1-1 psat fMyhoj djuk@ifjorZu dks laHko cukuk& Mh-vkj-th- tehuh
Lrj ij psat ,ts.V gSaA blds fy, os vius Lrj ij LFkkuh;
ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks le>rs gq, ;kstuk cuk;saxsa rFkk vyx&vyx Lrj ds
lk>snkjksa ds lkFk feydj ifjorZu dks laHko cuk;saxsaA
1-2 ih;j yhMj& f'k{kd lkfFk;ksa ds lkFk ih;j yhMj dh rjg dke djsaxsaA
Mh-vkj-th-& Hkwfedk]nkf;Ro
,oa dk;Z
v/;k;6
f'k{kd voyksdu izi=
l lkekU; tkudkjh& Ldwy dk uke] voyksdu fnukad] f'k{kd dk uke
l d{kk dk ekgkSy& cPpksa dh cSBd O;oLFkk] CySd cksMZ] jks'kuh] iznf'kZr lkexzh
l f'k{k.k vkSj vf/kxe ds fy, miyC/k lkexzh& mn~Hko lkexzh dh miyC?krk] vU; miyC/k lkexzh
l i<++kus dk rjhdk& ;kstuk] f'k{k.k lkexzh] ikB dSls i<++k;k x;k] lewg dk;Z dh fLFkfr] LFkkuh; lalk/kuksa dk mi;ksx
l vkdyu] detksj cPpksa dks vfrfjDr enn]
l d{kk izcU/ku] cPpksa ds lkFk O;ogkj]
l f'k{kd izf'k{k.k vkSj mldk d{kk f'k{k.k esa mi;ksx
l voyksdu ds ckn fn;k x;k QhMcSd
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
38
muds lkFk feydj ;kstuk cukuk ,oa feyhtqyh le> ds lkFk phtksa
dks ykxw djukA
1-3 jksy ekWMy& Mh-vk-th- lnL; ckdh f'k{kdksasa ds fy, jksy ekWMy gksxsaA
dsoy nwljksa ds tfj, ifjorZu ykuk y{; ugha gSA cfYd vius Ldwy dks
nwljksa ds le{k ekWMy Ldwy ds :i esa fodflr djukA
2- Mh-vk-th- lnL;ksa ds nkf;Ro&
2-1 vPNk f'k{kd cus jgsa& dksbZ f'k{kd vxj Mh-vk-th- lnL; cu x;k rks
og ckdh f'k{kdksasa ls vyx ;k muls Åij gks x,& ;g lkspuk ;k
le>uk Bhd ugha gSA vius izn'kZu dks lnSo yksxksa ds chp ,d f'k{kd
ds :i esa csgrj ls csgrj cuk, j[kuk gksxkA
2-2 mRlkfgr jgsa] nwljksa dk Hkh mRlkg cuk, j[ksa& bl izdkj dh ckrksa ls
cpuk gksxk] tSls& dqN ugha gks ldrkA yksxksa dks Hkh cpkuk gksxkA ,d
le; ,slk Hkh vk ldrk gS] tc yksxksa ds chp grk'kk vk,A Mh-vk-th-
lnL;ksa dks ,sls le; ds fy, igys ls gh rS;kj gksuk gksxkA
2-3 leL;k lqy>kus esa enn djuk& ;g nks rjhds ls gksxkA dqN ,sls eqn~ns
gksxsa ftudks rRdky Mh-vkj-th- ds Lrj ij gh gy djuk gksxkA tks
eqn~ns Mh-vkj-th- ds Lrj ij gy ugha gks ldrs muds fy, ftyk
fo|ky; fujh{kd vf/kdkjh ;k dqlqek Vhe ds lnL;ksa ls ppkZ djds
lqy>kus dk iz;kl djuk gksxkA
3- Mh-vkj-th- lnL;ksa ds dk;Z&
3-1 f'k{kd lg;ksx vkSj leFkZu& Ldwy foftV
Mh-vkj-th- dk eq[; nkf;Ro gS& f'k{kdksasa dks mudh d{kk esa lQy gksus
esa enn djukA ;g dk;Z os Ldwy foftV ds ek/;e ls dj ldrs gSaA
pwafd ,d ftys esa ,d fo"k; ds fy, ,d ;k nks gh lnL; Mh-vkj-th- esa
gksxsa blfy, buds }kjk cgqr vf/kd ckj Ldwyksa esa tkuk 'kk;n lEHko
uk gks ik;s ysfdu muls ;g vis{kk gS fd os dk;ZØe ds izR;sd pj.k
¼cslykbZu vkdyu] Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi] lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe pj.k]
lekiu dSEi vkSj ,aMykbu vkdyu½ esa de ls de ,d ckj t:j
izR;sd Ldwy esa foftV djsaA
3-2 mn~Hko dk;ZØe dk ftyk Lrj ij leUo;u
ftyk Lrj ij dk;ZØe ds leUo;u ,oa yhMj'khi dh ftEesnkjh Mh-
vkj-th- dh gSA Ldwy foftV ds vykok Mh-vkj-th- dh ftEesnkjh gS fd
v/;k;6
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
39
v/;k;6
Ldwy foftV ls iwoZ&
Ldwy foftV ij tkus ls igys ;g csgrj gksxk fd Mh-vkj-th- lnL; rS;kjh dj ysaA ;g irk dj ysa fd Ldwy esa NqV~Vh rks ugha
gS f'k{kd vodk'k ij rks ugha gSa;kstuk ds vuqlkj lHkh lkexzh rS;kj dj yh xbZ gS ;k ughavoyksdu izi= dh izfr j[k yh gS
;k ugha
Ldwy foftV ds nkSjku&
iz/kkuk/;kid ls leUo; djuk] dk;ZØe ds fØ;kUo;u ds lUnHkZ esa ckr djuk] dk;ZØe dh izxfr ij ppkZ djukA
d{kk@dSEi dk voyksdu djuk] ;g ns[kuk fd dk;ZØe dk dkSulk Qst py jgk gS] f'k{kdfdl izdkj dke dj jgs
gSa] D;k fØ;kUo;u ;kstukuqlkj gks jgk gS] fo|kFkhZ lfØ; :i ls Hkkx ys jgs gSa ;k ughaA f'k{kd vkSj D;k dne mBk
ldrs Fks A d{kk f'k{k.k esa f'k{kd us ,slk D;k fd;k tks iz'kaluh; Fkk  ¼;gka Bksl o O;ogkfjd@djus ;ksX; ckrsa uksV
djuk½
vko';d gks rks f'k{kdds lkFk f'k{k.k esa mudh enn djuk izf'k{k.k dh eqf'dyksa@leL;kvksa ij ppkZ djuk vkSj fdlh
vo/kkj.kk ij fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke djds fn[kkukA
Ldwy foftV dk ,d dke f'k{kddks mlds dke ij QhMcSd nsuk gS rkfd f'k{kd viuh d{kk dks csgrj djus esa vkxs c<+ ldsaA
QhMcSd esa ;g /;ku j[kk tkuk t:jh gS fd d{kk esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds chp f'k{kddks QhMcSd uk nsdj vyx ls fn;k tk;sA
QhMcSd ds :i esa fn, tk jgs lq>koksa ds nkSjku ;g /;ku j[ksa fd ;s lq>ko mlds dke dks csgrj djus esa ennxkj gksaA ,slk ugha
yxs fd dsoy dfe;ksa dks gh fpfg~ur djds NksM fn;k x;k gSA
Ldwy foftV ds i'pkr&
Ldwy foftV ds ckn f'k{kd voyksdu izi= Hkjsa rFkk fjiksVZ rS;kj djsaA f'k{kddh lQyrkvksa dks nwljs lkFkh f'k{kdksasa ds
lkFk 'ks;j djsaA lcls vge ;g lkspuk gksxk fd nksckjk mlh f'k{kddh d{kk dks ns[kus ds fy, D;k rS;kjh dh
vk';drk gksxhAblds vykok ;g Hkh igpkuuk fd dkSu ls eqn~ns gSaa ftu ij ;kstuk cukdj ekfld cSBd esa ppkZ
djuk gksxh ;g Hkh t:jh gksxk fd viuh voyksdu fjiksVZ dks ekg ds vUr esa MhvkbZvks,l ds ikl tek djk;k tk;sA
og ftys ds lHkh Ldwyksa esa dk;ZØe dh izxfr dks ns[krs jgsaA ;g Hkh
lqfuf'pr djsa fd dk;ZØe dh xfrfof/k;ka fu/kkZfjr le;kuqlkj gks jgh
gSa ;k ughaA Ldwyksa esa f'k{kdksasa dks vius dkeksa esa vkus okyh leL;kvksa dks
fpfg~ur djuk] muds lek/kku ds fy, ftyk f'k{kk vf/kdkjh vFkok
lEcfU/kr O;fDr ls lEiØ djuk rFkk mldk lek/kku djuk Hkh Mh-vkj-
th- dh ftEesnkjh gS rkfd dk;ZØe dk lgt :i esa fØ;kUo;u gks
ldsA
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
40
v/;k;6
3-3 leh{kk ,oa ;kstuk cSBd
Mh-vkj-th- dh ,d ftEesnkjh ;g Hkh gS fd og vius ftys esa mn~Hko
dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr vkusokys Ldwyksa ds f'k{kdksasa dh leh{kk cSBd djsaA
;|fi Ldwy foftV ds nkSjku Mh-vkj-th- f'k{kdksasa ds lkFk dke dh
leh{kk djsaxsa ysfdu ;g iwjs ftys ds mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds f'k{kdksasa dh ,d
lkFk cSBd gksxhA iwjs dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr leh{kk cSBdsa dh tkuh gSaA bu
cSBdksa dk mn~ns'; dk;ZØe ds fØ;kUo;u dh leh{kk djuk rFkk mlds
vk/kkj ij vkxs dh ;kstuk rS;kj djuk gSA bl cSBd esa Mh-vkj-th-
f'k{kdksasa ds lkFk dke dh izxfr rFkk fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lh[kus dh leh{kk
djsaA leh{kk ds eq[; fcUnq ckDl esa fn;s x;s gSaA
leh{kk ds eq[; fcUnq
l fo|kFkhZ fdruk lh[ksa] D;k NwVk] D;k fd;k] fdruh lQyrk feyhA eqf'dysa D;k jgha] muds fy;s D;k fd;k x;k 
l iz;ksx dh x;h lkexzh dk Lrj dSlk Fkk] fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds dke djus dh xqtkb'k D;k Fkh
l xfrfof/k;ka r; le; lhek esa gqbZ D;k eqf'dy Fkk D;k vklku eqf'dyksa dks vklku djus dk rjhdk D;k Fkk 
l f'k{kddks lQyrk dk vglkl ¼fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh lfØ;rk dSlh jgh ;kstukuqlkj tks lkspk Fkk oks gks ik;k fd ugha½
leh{kk cSBd esa bu lc fcUnqvksa ij f'k{kdksasa ds lkFk ppkZ dh tkuh pkfg, rFkk vkxs ds fy,
;kstuk Hkh cukbZ tkuh pkfg,A ;kstuk ds fcUnq fuEukuqlkj gks ldrs gSa&
l ,aMykbu vkdyu ,oa lekiu dSEi dh le; lkj.kh cukukA
l ;g ns[ksa fd fdrus fo|kFkhZ rhuksa pj.kksa ¼Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi] lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe rFkk lekiu dSEi½ dks iwjk djus ds
mijkUr Lrj 3 ¼d{kk 8½ rd dh n{krkvksa dks izkIr dj ysxsaA
l fdrus fo|kFkhZ ,sls gSa tks vHkh Hkh Lrj 1 ;k 2 ij gh gksxsaA muds fy, vkxs D;k fd;k tkuk pkfg,
l ;gka lwpdksa ij ppkZ djuh gksxhA vkSj mUgs izeq[krk ds vk/kkj ij pqudj vkxs dh ;kstuk cusxhA
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
41
3-4 vkadM+ksa dk ladyu ,oa lesdu&
Mh-vkj-th- dk ,d eq[; dk;Z dk;ZØe ls lEcfU/kr vkadM+ksa dk ladyu
djuk rFkk mudk lesdu djuk Hkh gSA Mh-vkj-th- ls vis{kk gS fd os
vius ftys ds ftu Ldwyksa esa mn~Hko dk;ZØe dk lapkyu gks jgk gS] ogka
ls cslykbZu vkdyu rFkk ,aMykbu vkdyu ds vkadM+ksa dks bdV~Bk
djsa] mudh lesfdr fjiksVZ rS;kj dj ftyk f'k{kk vf/kdkjh dks miyC/k
djk;saA
f'k{kd voyksdu izi= dks Hkjsa] ml izi= dks laHkkydj j[ksa rFkk eghus
ds vUr esa mls ftyk f'k{kk vf/kdkjh ds ikl tek djk;saA blds vykok
Ldwyksa ls dk;ZØe ds fØ;kUo;u lEcU/kh vU; vkadM+s bdV~Bs djus dh
ftEesnkjh Hkh Mh-vkj-th- dh gh gSA
4- Lo voyksdu o vkdyu
okLrfodrk gS fd mijksDr ckrsa Lo;a ij ykxw gksaxh ge y{; dks mruh
gh vklkuh ls ik ysaxsA gesa vius dke] viuh izxfr dks Lo;a ns[krs jguk
pkfg,A
Mh-vkj-th- esa xq.kks] dkS'kyksa dks fodflr gksrs jguk vko';d gSA ;g
rHkh laHko gS tc ge dqN lwpdksa ds lgkjs izxfr dk vooyksdu o
vkdyu Lo;a djrs jgsaA
Mh-vkj-th- Lo voyksdu o vkdyu izi=
voyksdu dkye esa gk¡] ugha fy[ksa ;k iz'uokpd ? dk fu'kku yxk,aA
t:jh gks rks fVIi.kh okys dkye esa la{ksi esa fy[ksaA
Øe Lkwpd voyksdu fVIi.kh
Mh-vkj-th- çn'kZu ds ekud vkSj lwpd Lrj 1
1 Lo;a Lrj 1* ds f'k{kd ekudksa dk izn'kZu djrh@rk gwaA
2 f'k{kdksasa dh fu;fer cSBdsa djrh@rk gwaA
3 HkkoukRed ifjiDork dk izn'kZu& lcds izfr U;wure lEeku j[krk gwaA
lc dks /kS;Z vkSj /;ku ls lqurk gwaA lc ds fopkjksa dks txg nsrh@rk gwaA
Mh-vkj-th- çn'kZu ds ekud vkSj lwpd Lrj 2
4 Lo;a Lrj 2* ds f'k{kd ekudksa dk izn'kZu djrh@rk gwaA
5 d{kk dk voyksdu dj ;g fudky ldrk gwa fd f'k{kd fdl Lrj ds
ekudksa dk izn'kZu dj jgs gSaA
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
42
v/;k;6
6 vifs{kr ifjoruZ dh Li"V le> dks vkRe fo'okl ls O;Dr dj yrs h@rk gAaw
7 visf{kr lq/kkj ¼vkSj vxys Lrj ds ekudksa dks /;ku esa j[kdj½ f'k{kdksasa dks
dkjxj lq>ko nsrh@rk gwaA
8 d{kkvksa esa ikbZ xbZ okLrfod fLFkfr vkSj f'k{kdksasa dh t:jrksa ds vuqlkj
¼MkVk ds vk/kkj ij½ ;kstuk cuk ysrh@rk gwaA
9 LFkkuh; lalk/kuksa@lanHkksZa bR;kfn dh igpku] igqap vkSj t:jr vuqlkj
iz;ksx dj ldrh@rk gwaA
10 HkkoukRed ifjiDork dk izn'kZu& yksxksa dks ,sls lqurk gwa@QhMcSd nsrh@
rk gw¡ fd fdlh dks cqjk u yxs] viuh ckr euokus ij vMrh@rk ughaA
11 [kqn dh ÅtkZ cuk;s j[k] nwljksa dks ÅtkZoku cuk;s j[krh@rk gwaA
Mh-vkj-th- çn'kZu ds ekud vkSj lwpd Lrj 3
12 Lo;a Lrj 3* ds f'k{kd ekudksa dk izn'kZu djrh@rk gwaA
13 visf{kr ifjorZu dh Li"V le> dks ,sls O;DRk dj ysrh@rk gwa fd lHkh
f'k{kd le> ldsa] djus ds fy;s izsfjr gks ldsaA
14 visf{kr lq/kkj ¼vkSj vxys Lrj ds ekudksa dks /;ku esa j[kdj½ dkjxj
lq>ko nsrh@rk gwa ¼vkSj mldh ;kstuk cuk ysrh@rk gwa o ekuhVfjax Hkh
dj ysrh@rk gwa½A
15 fo"k; o f'k{k.k dyk dh bruh idM+ j[krk gwa fd t:jr vuqlkj ekSds ij
gh f'k{kdksasa dks buiqV~l ns nsrh@rk gwaA
16 ekuhVfjax ds vk/kkj ij voyksduksa dk fjdkMZ j[k] MkVk dk fo'ys"k.k dj
ysrh@rk gw¡ vkSj mls mi;qDr fu.kZ; esa cny fujarj lq/kkj lqfuf'pr djrs
jgrh@rk gwaA
17 vdknfed cSBdksa dk vk;kstu] lapkyu] ppkZ djok ysrk gw] lgHkkfxrk
lqfuf'pr dj] miyfC/k;ka@eqf'dysa lk>k djokdj] lkewfgd Hkkxhnkjh ls
gy <qa<ok ldrh@rk gwaA] fu;fer fjdkMZ j[krh@rk gwaA
18 LFkkuh; lalk/kuksa@lanHkksZa bR;kfn dh igpku gS] mu rd igqap gS vkSj
t:jr vuqlkj iz;ksx djrh@rk gwaA
19 HkkoukRed ifjiDork dk izn'kZu& Vhe ds :Ik esa dke djrh@rk gwaA
rVLFk jgrs gq, er O;Dr djrh@rk gwa o QhMcSd nsrh@rk gwaA
20 [kqn ds lkFk&lkFk nwljksa dks ÅtkZoku cuk;s j[krh@rk gwaA
21 Lo;a ds fodkl ds fy, ftEesnkj gwA ¼vius fy, t:jh dh igpku] ykxw
djuk] leh{kk djrs jguk vkSj r; y{; dh vksj lnSo iz;kljr jgukA ½
v/;k;6
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
43
uksV& *Lrj 1 ls rkRi;Z gS fd f'k{kddk lhfer fo"k; Kku]ikB dh rS;kjh u
gksuk] ijLij laokn u gksuk f'k{kd dsfUnzr f'k{k.k vkfnA *Lrj 2 ls rkRi;Z gS
fd T;knk ijLij laoknokyh f'k{k.k izfdz;kvksa]lewg f'k{k.k rFkk vkil esa
lh[kus&fl[kkus ds ekSds nsukA * Lrj 3 ls rkRi;Z gS fd csgrj ikB ;kstuk]
fofo/k ,oa uohu f'k{k.k izfØ;kvksa rFkk xfrfof/k;ksa dk mi;ksxA
blds vykok dqN vkSj lwpd tks vki viuh vksj ls tksMuk pkgrs gSa] ;gka fy[ksa
&
5 MkVk dk iz;ksx
vkids ikl Ldwyksa dk f'k{kd voyksdu izi= rFkk fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds 'kSf{kd Lrj ds
fo"k;okj ifj.kkeksa ls izkIr MkVk miyC/k gksxk ftlesa f'k{kdksa vkSj fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh
Lrjokj tkudkjh miiyC/k gSA vyx vyx MkVk dks ns[kdj Ldwy dh fLFkfr
dk irk pyrk gS] tSls&
l fdl f'k{kd dk izn'kZu vPNk gS
l fdl f'k{kddh fLFkfr fparktud gS
l fdl vk/kkj ij vki vius urhts ij igqaps
l fdl fo|ky; dk izn'kZu csgrj gS
l fdl fo|ky; dks vf/kd lg;ksx dh vko';drk gSvkSj D;ksa
Mh-vk-th- bl MkVk ds vk/kkj ij fuEu dkjokbZ dj ldrs gS]
l Ldwy foftV dk dk;Zdze r; djuk
l iz/kkukpk;ksZa ds lkFk MkVk dks lk>k djrs gq;s mlds vk/kkj ij vkxs dh
;kstuk cukuk
l vR;f/kd fpUrktud fLFkfr tSls xq.koRrk esa Hkkjh deh] mifLFkfr esa deh]
fØ;kUo;u esa T;knk nsjh vkfn fLFkfr esa ftyk fo|ky; fujh{kd vf/kdkjh
;k ;wih,e,l, vFkok dqlqek QkmUMs'ku dks vxkg dj enn yh tk ldrh
gSA
l izfØ;kvks vkSj vius vuqHkoksa dks nwljs fo|ky;ksa ds lkFk lk>k fd;k tkukA
f'k{kd voyksdu izi= izf'k{k.k ds nkSjku miyC/k djk, tk,¡xsA
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
44
v/;k;6
mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds lapkyu esa f'k{kdksaa Hkwfedk vge gSA mudh lfØ; Hkkxhnkjh
ds fcuk bl dk;ZØe dks lQy ugha cuk;k tk ldrkA f'k{kdksa ds vfrfjDr
blds lQy lapkyu esa vfHkHkkodksa] iz/kkuk/;kidksa rFkk ftyk ,oa jkT; iz'kklu
dh egrh Hkwfedk gksxhA ,l-,l-vkj-ih- dk;ZØe esa bu lHkh fgrHkkfx;ksa ds dk;Z
,oa ftEesnkfj;ka vkxs nh xbZ gSaA
1- f'k{kd dh eq[; Hkwfedk ,o vis{kk;sa
f'k{kdx.k bl iwjs mnHko dk;Zdze ds vk/kkj gSa] vr% budh Hkwfedk Hkh
egRoiw.kZ gSA muls vis{kk gS fd os mnHko ekMy dh lksp ds vuq:i
,l-,l-vkj-ih- fd vUrxrZ xfrfof/k;ksa dk fu;kstu dj fdz;kfUor djsa]
mldh fjiksfVZax o nLrkosthdj.k djsaA f'k{kdksa ds dqN fo'ks"k dk;Z
fuEufyf[kr gSaA
1-1 mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds rgr gksus okys lHkh izf'k{k.kksa ,oa leh{kk cSBdksa esa
Hkkx ysukA
1-2 d{kk 9 esa vkusokys lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk Lrj vkdyu djukA Lrj
vkdyu ds isijksa dks tkapuk rFkk muds Ldksj dks Ldksj 'khV esa Hkjuk
vkSj mls le; ij tek djuk
1-3 fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds Lrj ds vuqlkj mudk lewg fu/kkZj.k djukA
1-4 fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lewg fu/kkZj.k ds ckn Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi] lg;ksxkRed
vf/kxe pj.k rFkk lekiu dSEi esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk fo"k;okj f'k{kd
lanf'kZdk ds vuqlkj dke djukA
1-5 fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk fu;fer vkdyu djuk rFkk ;g lqfuf'pr djuk fd
fo|kFkhZ izR;sd pj.k ds fy, fu/kkZfjr visf{kr n{krkvksa dks izkIr dj jgs
gSaA
1-6 f'k{kd lg;ksx bdkbZ] fo"k;okj f'k{kd lanf'kZdk esa fn, x, rFkk
izf'k{k.k esa lh[ks gq, rjhdksa dk d{kk f'k{k.k esa mi;ksx djukA
v/;k;7
mn~Hko& lg;kfsx;ksa dh Hkwfedk]
dk;Z ,oa vis{kk;sa
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
45
1-7 ftu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks lh[kus esa fnDdr gks jgh gS& muds lkFk fHkUu izdkj
dh ;kstuk cukdj dke djukA rFkk lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lh[kus dks
lqfuf'pr djukA
1-8 Mh-vkj-th- }kjk fn, x, lq>koksa ds vk/kkj ij viuh d{kk ds f'k{k.k esa
lq/kkj djukA
1-9 d{kk 9 esa ukekafdr ,l-,l-vkj-ih- esa izfrHkkx djus okys lHkh
fo|kfFk;ksa dk ,UMykbZu ewY;kadu djukA Lrj vkdyu ds isijksa dks
tkapuk rFkk muds Ldksj dks Ldksj 'khV esa HkjukA
1-10 mn~Hko dk;ZØe dh izxfr ls iz/kkuk/;kid dks voxr djkuk rFkk
lqfuf'pr djuk fd iz/kkuk/;kid- }kjk fn, x, lq>koksa dks f'k{kd dke
esa ysaA
2- iz/kkuk/;kid dh eq[; Hkwfedk ,o vis{kk;sa
Ldwy ds iz/kku gksus ds dkj.k Ldwy esa py jgs mnHko dk;ZØe dk lQy
lpkyu iz/kkukpk;ksZa dh izeq[k fteesnkjh cu tkrh gSA dk;Zdze esa
visf{kr gS fd os bldk fu;kstu djsa] y{; r; djsa] blesa 'kkfey
f'k{kdksa dks enn djsa] izxfr dk vkadyu djsa] fjiksVZ djsa vkSj lkFk gh
vU; yksxksa dks Hkh izfjr djsaA blds vfrfjDr dqN eq[; dk;Z uhps fn;s
x;s gSaA
2-1 Ldwy Lrj ij mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds fØ;kUo;u esa f'k{kdksasa dh enn djuk]
ekWfuVfjax djukA
2-2 dk;ZØe ds izkjEHk gksus ls igys leqnk; vkSj vfHkHkkodksa dh cSBd djuk
rFkk mUgsa mn~Hko dk;ZØe] mlds mís';ksa ,oa muls vis{kkvksa ls voxr
djkuk] fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh fu;ferrk dks lqfuf'pr djuk]
2-3 Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi] lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe pj.k ,oa lekiu dSEi esa py
jgs f'k{k.k dk fu;fer voyksdu djuk rFkk f'k{kddks QhMcSd nsukA
2-4 mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds fØ;kUo;u ds fy, vko';d f'k{k.k vf/kxe lkexzh
dh miyC/krk lqfuf'pr djuk] ftlls fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk fd;k tkus
okyk dke izHkkfor uk gksA
2-5 mn~Hko dk;ZØe dh izxfr ls Mh-vkj-th- dks voxr djkuk rFkk
lqfuf'pr djuk fd Mh-vkj-th- }kjk fn, x, lq>koksa dks f'k{kd dke esa
ysaA
2-6 ;g lqfuf'pr djuk fd cslykbZu rFkk ,aMykbu vkdyu esa vf/kdre
fo|kFkhZ Hkkxhnkjh djsa rFkk Ldksfjax 'khV funsZ'kkuqlkj Hkjh tk;sA
v/;k;7
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
46
2-7 f'k{kd dh vuqifLFkfr esa ,l-,l-vkj-ih- d{kk esa f'k{k.k djkukA
2-8 mnHko dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr fu;ksftr xfrfof/k;ksa dh izxfr dh
ekfuVfjax djuk
2-9 mnHko dk;ZØe ls tqM+h pqukSfr;ksa] uokpkj o ldkjkRed i{kksa dks Mh-
vkj-th- ,oa Mh-vkbZ-vks-,l- ds lkFk lk>k djukA
3- ftyk fo|ky; fujh{kd ¼MhvkbZvks,l½ dh eq[; Hkwfedk ,o vis{kk;sa&
ftyk fo|ky; fujh{kd dh ftEesnkjh mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds fØ;kUo;u
vkSj ekWfuVfjax dh gSA blds fy, muls fuEufyf[kr dk;ksZa dks fd,
tkus dh vis{kk gS&
3-1 Ldwyksa esa fu;fer foftV djukA
3-2 iz/kkuk/;kidksa dh cSBd djuk rFkk dk;ZØe dh izxfr ds ckjs esa ckr
djukA
3-3 Mh-vkj-th- dh cSBd djuk vkSj Ldwy voyksdu ij ppkZ djukA
3-4 dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr gksus okys vPNs vuqHkoksa dks bdV~Bk djuk rFkk mUgsa
fgrxzkfg;ksa ds lkFk 'ks;j djukA
3-5 izR;sd Ldwy ls vkus okys vkadM+ksa dh xq.koRrk dks pSd djuk rFkk le;
ls ;w-ih-,e-,l-,- dks Hkstuk
3-6 dk;ZØe dh izxfr ls jkT;Lrjh; ek/;fed f'k{kk vfHk;ku dks voxr
djkrs jgukA
3-7 dk;ZØe ds fØ;kUo;u esa vkusokyh dfBukb;ksa dks gy djukA
v/;k;7
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
47
fdlh Hkh dk;ZØe ds csgrj fØ;kUo;u ,oa mlds izHkko ds vkdyu ds fy,
vko';d gS fd dk;ZØe ls lEcfU/kr fofHkUu vkadM+ksa dk ladyu fd;k tk;s
rFkk mudk fo'ys"k.k fd;k tk;sA mn~Hko dk;ZØe esa Hkh vyx&vxy Lrj ij
fofHkUu vkadM+s bdV~Bs fd;s tkus gSaA ;gka bldk mís'; dk;ZØe dh vkxkeh
;kstuk cukus esa f'k{kdksasa] Mh-vkj-th- rFkk dk;ZØe ls tqM+s gq, vU; lgHkkfx;ksa
dh enn djuk gSA lkFk gh dk;ZØe ds vUr esa dk;ZØe ds izHkko dk vkdyu Hkh
bUgha vkadM+ksa ,oa fjiksVksZa ds ek/;e ls gh fd;k tk;sxkA
mnHko ds fy;s fuEufyf[kr lwpdksa ij vkdM+s ,d= dj mudk iqujkoyksadu
vkSj fo'ys"k.k fd;k tk;sxk rkfd dk;ZØe dh lQyrk dks ekik tk ldsA
dk;ZØe dh lQyrk dks ekius ds ekun.M
l Ldsy vi esa “kkfey fd;s tkus okys Ldwyksa dk izksQkbZy
l Hkkx ysus okys f'k{kdksa dh la[;k ¼dqy la[;k Hkkxs fo"k;& xf.kr] foKku]
vaxzth] fgUnh] vkSj lkekftd foKku½
l fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk ukekadu
l d{kk 9 ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds xf.kr] foKku] vaxzth] fgUnh] vkSj lkekftd foKku
fo"k;ksa esa mRrh.kZ gksus dk izfr'kr
l d{kk 10 ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds xf.kr] foKku] vaxzth] fgUnh] vkSj lkekftd
foKku fo"k;ksa esa mRrh.kZ gksus dk izfr'kr
l xf.kr] foKku] vaxzth] fgUnh] vkSj lkekftd foKku fo"k;ksa esa ,l-,l-vkj-
ih- ds iwjs fd;s x;s l=ksa dh la[;k& izfrfnu o fo"k;okj
l voyksdu fd;s x;s f'k{kdksa dh la[;k
l Mh-vkj-th- }kjk iwjs fd;s x;s voyksduksa dh la[;k
l izf'k{k.k esa Hkkx ysus okys f'k{kdksa dh la[;k
l fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh O;fDrxr Ldwy mifLFkfr gj frekgh jkT; ljdkj }kjk
v/;k;8
mnHko& xq.koÙkk] vuqJo.k vkSj
lacfU/kr vkdM+ksa dk izcU/ku
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
48
v/;k;8
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
49
dqlqek QkmUMs'ku ds lkFk lk>k djsxh
l izR;sd fo|ky; ds xf.kr] foKku] vaxzth] fgUnh] vkSj lkekftd foKku
fo"k;ksa esa fo|kfFk;ksa ds ,l-,l-vkj-ih- vkdyu Ldksj
l 0&3 Lrj ds fo|kFkhZ ,l-,l-vkj-ih- Ldksj
l 1&3 ds Lrj ij xf.kr] foKku vkSj vaxzth fo"k;ksa esa laoknkRed f'k{k.k fof/k
dk mi;ksx djus okys f'k{kdksa dh la[;k
l lHkh Hkkx ysus okys fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk 10oha cksMZ dk ijh{kkQy
l uksV% izf'k{k.k ds nkSjku crk;s x;s vuqJo.k o ewY;kadu <+kapk] izksVksdkWy]
ftEesokfj;ka vkSj le; lhek ds vuq:i fo|ky; vkadM+s ,d= djsaxs] ml
ij ut+j j[ksaxs vkSj fjiksVZ djsaxsA
mnHko Ldsy vi ds lQy fØ;kUo;u ds fy;s eq[; xq.koÙkk ekun.M
l o"kZ ds vkjEHk esa blds fy;s fodflr ekM;wy o lalk/kuksa dk mi;ksx fjrs
gq;s f'k{kdksa vkSj Mh-vkj-th- lnL;ksa ds fy;s izf'k{k.k vk;ksftr fd;k tkukA
l mnHko ekMy esa izf'kf{kr Ldsy vi ds lHkh izk/kkukpk;Z vkSj lacfU/kr fo"k;ksa
ds f'k{kd xq.koÙkk ekun.M ds vuq:i iBu ikBu ds lalk/kuksa dk mi;ksx
dj jgs gSaA
l 'kq:vkr ls gh mnHko ds lHkh lalk/ku f'k{kdksa vkSj fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks miyC/kA
izf'k{k.kksa o cSBdksa esa iz/kkukpk;ksZa dh mifLFkfr 'kr izfr'kr
l fu;ksftr xfrfof/k;ka le; ij lEiUu gksa ¼vf/kdre 10 fnu dk vUrj½
l ,l-,l-vkj-ih- ds vk/kkj ¼cslykbZu½ vkdyu ds ifj.kke vkdyu iwjk gksus
ds ckn vf/kdre 20 fnu esa lHkh fgrHkkfx;ksa rd igqap tk, vkSj mldk
mi;ksx lewg cukus] d{kk dh i<+kbZ vkSj ,l-,l-vkj-ih- ds xfrfof/k;ksa esa gks
jgk gksA
l dk;ZØe ds ekWMy vkSj iBu IkBu ds lalk/kuksa dh miyC/krk ds vuq:i lHkh
fo|ky; iz/kkukpk;Z ,oa Mh-vkj-th- ds lnL; ,l-,l-vkj-ih dh xfrfof/k;k¡
lqfuf'pr djrs gSaA
l fo|ky; izcU/ku ,oa fodkl lfefr ,oa vfHkHkkodx.k mnHko dk;ZØe ls
voxr gSa vkSj blds fØ;kUo;u rFkk izxfr esa lg;ksx djrs gSa de ls de
eghus esa ,d ckjA
l ,l-,l-vkj-ih-ds lHkh pj.kksa esa 80 izfr'kr fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh Hkkxhnkjh
l ,l-,l-vkj-ih ikB;Øe dk 'kr izfr'kr iwjk gksuk
l vuqlqph ds vuq:i fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh mifLFkfr vkSj izn'kZu ij ut+j j[kuk
¼cslykbZu o ,.M ykbZu Ldksj½ vkSj mlds ifj.kkeksa ls lHkh fgrHkkfx;ksa dks
v|ru j[kuk
l ekWMy vkSj nLrkostksa dh izxfr ds vuqlkj Mh-vkj-th- fo|ky;ksa esa lacfU/kr
f'k{kdksa dh dksfpax djsxh
l ekfld fo'ys'k.k vkSj Mh-vkj-th- }kjk Vh-vks-,Q- voyksdu dk lHkh
fgrHkkfx;ksa ds lkFk lk>k djuk
l f'k{kd rFkk fo|kFkhZ gS.Mcqd] Vh-,l-;w- vkSj ,l-,y-;w- dk fu;fer
mi;ksx& voyksdu o fyf[kr
l gj ekg Mh-vkj-th- vkSj ftyk fo|ky; fujh{kd }kjk ik¡p vPNs f'k{k.k
fof/k;ksa dk ohfM;ks o fooj.k ds lkFk izys[ku
l ,l-,l-vkj-ih ds cslykbZu vkSj l=ksa esa Hkkx ysus okys 100 izfr'kr fo|kFkhZ
,.MykbZu esa Hkkx ysxs
l d{kk 9 ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh mifLFkfr] cslykbZu o ,.MykbZu izn'kZu ls tqM+s
lHkh 100 Ldsy vi fo|ky;ksa ds vkdM+s ;w-ih-,e-,l-,- ds lkFk le; ij
lk>k dh tk;saxh
l dksbZ vU; lwpd ftls vki egRoiw.kZ le>rs gksa
bl dk;ZØe esa fuEufyf[kr vkadM+s bdV~Bs fd;s tkus gSaA bu lHkh vkadMksa dks
bdV~Bk djus ds fy, dke esa fy, tkus okys izi= izf'k{k.k ds nkSjku miyC/k
djk, tk,¡xsA
fooj.k
;g Ldwyokj bdV~Bk fd;k tk;sxkA blds vUrxZr fo|kFkhZ ds
ckjs esa lkekU; tkudkjh yh tk;sxh ftlls izR;sd fo|kFkhZ dks
,d ;wfud dksM fn;k tk ldsA blesa fo|kFkhZ dk uke] mlds
vfHkHkkod dk uke] irk] fyax vkfn dh tkudkjh 'kkfey gSA
;wfud vkbZMh bl izdkj gksxkA (Udbhav/State Eg.
UP/District Eg. Hardoi/U-DICE code/ Student
Initial/SlNo
izi=@vkadMs
dk uke
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk
ukekadu
ftEesnkjh
f'k{kd
vkadMs ladyu
dk le;
dk;ZØe dh
'kq:vkr esa
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
50
v/;k;8
fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh
mifLFkfr
f'k{kd izfrfnuizR;sd fnu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh mifLFkfr ntZ dh tk;sxhA blls ;g irk
py ldsxk fd rhuksa pj.kksa esa dqy fdrus fo|kFkhZ mifLFkr jgs vkSj
fdrus vuqifLFkrA blds vUrxZr izfrfnu dh
mifLFkfr@vuqifLFkfr dh tkudkjh bdVBh djsasxsaA ;g dsoy
mUgha fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds ckjs esa gksxh tks mn~Hko dk;ZØe esa izfrHkkx
djsaxsA
f'k{kd
ekfld
;kstuk
f'k{kd ekfldf'k{kdksasa }kjk eghus dh ;kstuk rFkk mlds fØ;kUo;u ds ckjs esa
tkudkjh bl izi= esa 'kkfey gksxhA blds vUrxZr f'k{kdksasa }kjk
eghus Hkj dh tkus okyh xfrfof/k;ksa dh ;kstuk rFkk muds
fØ;kUo;u dks ntZ fd;k tk;sxkA
fo|ky; ds
ckjs esa tkudkjh
iz/kkuk/;kid
Mh-vkj-th-
,d ckj
dk;Zdze dh
'kq:vkr esa
blesa fo|ky; dh ewyHkwr tkudkjh dk ladyu fd;k tk;sxk
ftlesa fo|ky; dk uke] d{kkokj dqy ukekadu] f'k{kdksasa dh
tkudkjh] miyC/k lalk/ku vkfn 'kkfey gSA
cslykbZu
vkdyu dk
Ldksj
f'k{kd dk;ZØe dh
'kq:vkr esa
cslykbZu isijksa ds Ldksj dks bl izi= esa ladfyr fd;k tk;sxkA
;g vkadM+k fo"k;okj bdV~Bk fd;k tk;sxkA fo|kFkhZ tc cslykbZu
isijksa dks gy dj ysxsa blds ckn muds Ldksj dks f'k{kd bl izi= esa
Hkjsaxsa ftlds vk/kkj ij fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk lewg fu/kkZj.k gksxkA
,aMykbu
vkdyu dk
Ldksj
f'k{kd lekiu dSEi
ds vUr esa
lekiu dSEi ds iwjk gksus ds ckn fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk ,aMykbu vkdyu
fd;k tk;sxkA bl vkdyu ds Ldksj bl izi= esa Hkjs tk;saxsaA ;g Hkh
fo"k; okj gksxkA blds vk/kkj ij ;g ns[kus dh dkf'k'k dh tk
ldrh gS fd fdrus fo|kfFkZ;ksaa us Lrj 3 dh n{krkvksa dks izkIr dj
fy;k gSA
f ' k { k d
voyksdu izi=
Mh-vkj-th- izR;sd Ldwy
voyksdu
ds ckn
Mh-vkj-th- }kjk Ldwyksa esa fu;fer foftV dh tk;sxh rkfd f'k{kdksasa
dks dk;Zdze fØ;kUo;u esa enn miyC/k djkbZ tk ldsA muds }kjk
izR;sd foftV ds fy, ,d f'k{kd voyksdu izi= Hkjk tk;sxk
ftlesa voyksdu ds nkSjku ds muds vuqHko] Ldwy esa dk;ZØe ds
fØ;kUo;u dh fLFkfr ntZ dh tk;sxhA
vkadMksa dk
lesdu
Mh-vkj-th- Ldwyokj
vkadMs ds
ladyu ds
rqjUr ckn
Åij crk;s x;s lHkh vkadMs Ldwyokj bdV~Bs fd;s tk;saxsa ysfdu
bu lHkh dk ftysokj lesdu Hkh fd;k tk;sxkA
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
51
v/;k;8
;kstuk vkSj
Lo fpUru
Lo fpUru Lo voyksdu
1- f'k{kd ds :i esa vki dk;ZØe ds izHkko csgrj ,oa LFkk;h cukus ds fy;s vki D;k
iz;kl djsaxs
vH;kl
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
53
2- Mh-vkj-th- ds :i esa f'k{kdksasa ds lkFk vkids lEcU/k fdl izdkj fodflr gq, gSa 
mUgs LFkk;h lg;ksx nsus ds fy;s vki D;k iz;kl djsaxs
vH;kl
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
54
Lo fpUru Lo voyksdu
3- Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi] ds D;k vuqHko jgs] bls T;knk izHkkoh cukus ds fy;s vki D;k
iz;kl djsaxs
vH;kl
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
55
Lo fpUru Lo voyksdu
4- ,l- ,y- ih- o lekiu dSEi] ds D;k vuqHko jgs] bls csgrj cukus ds fy;s vki D;k
iz;kl djsaxs
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
56
vH;kl
Lo fpUru Lo voyksdu
5- iz/kkuk/;kid ds :i esa vdknfed usr`Ro gsrq vkidk D;k lg;ksx@ ;ksxnku jgk]
Hkfo"; esa vki dSls lg;ksx iznku djsaxs
vH;kl
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
57
uke ekg----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------
;kstuk dk fo"k;@'kh"kZd gS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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laHkkfor xfrfof/k;k¡ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Lke; lhek ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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visf{kr ifj.kke -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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++visf{kr lg;ksx -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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vU; tks dne mBkuk pkgrs gSa --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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6- esjh vxys ekg dh ;kstuk
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
58
vH;kl
Lo fpUru Lo voyksdu
7- Lofodkl vkSj lalk/kuksa dk csgrj iz;ksx
vius O;kolkf;d dkS'ky fodkl ds fy, vki D;k djsaxs 
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vkids vklikl dkSu ls ,sls lalk/ku] lzksr gSa ftudk mi;ksx d{kk izfØ;k esa lq/kkj ds fy,
djsaxs dSls 
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vH;kl
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
59
Lo fpUru Lo voyksdu
8- vkids fopkj vkSj lq>ko
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
60
vH;kl
layXud
d{kk 9 esa vkus okys esa visf{kr eqyHkwr n{krk;safo|kfFkZ;ksa
xf.kr
n{krk Lrj 1 ¼d{kk 3½ Lrj 2 ¼d{kk 5½ Lrj 3 ¼d{kk 8½
ljy iSVuZ igpkuuk] tSls& Ldwy
vkrs gq, vkSj okil tkrs gq, iSVuZ
ns[kuk] la[;kvksa vkSj vkd`fr;ksa esa
iSVuZ] VkbYl vkSj fMtkbu esa iSVuZ
igus tkus okys diMksa esa] Q'kZ ij cuh
VkbZYl esa] nhokjksa ij vkSj vius
vkl&ikl miyC/k phtksa esa iSVuZ dks
ns[kukA oxkZdkj vkSj f=Hkqtkdkj
vkd`fr;ksa esa nh xbZ la[;kvksa esa iSVuZ dks
igpkuukA
iSVuZ
le vkSj fo'ke la[;kvksa dks crk
lduk vkSj le vkSj fo'ke la[;kvksa
esa fufgr iSVuZ dks le> ldukA tksM
vkSj ckdh esa Øefofue; ds xq.k/keZ esa
iSVuZ ns[kuk] 1 ls la[;kvksa ds xq.kk esa
vkSj la[;kvksa esa 1 tksMus ij cuus
okys iSVuZ dks le>uk vkfnA
xq.kk vkSj Hkkx esa iSVuZ igpkuuk]
cksMZj vkSj VkbZYl ds fy, iSVuZ rS;kj
djus dk iz;kl djukA
vkd`fr;ka vkSj
LFkkfud le>
cPps fofHkUu vkd`fr;ksa dks igpku
ldsaxsa] vkd`fr;ksa ds vk/kkj ij mUgsa
lewg esa j[k ik;saxsa] muesa vUrj dj
ldssaxsa] MkWV fxzM ij lh/kh vkSj frjNh
ykbZuksa dk mi;ksx djrs gq, viuh
ilUn dh vkd`fr cuk ldsaxsaA
fofHkUu izdkj ds dks.kksa ds ckjs esa viuh
le> iznf'kZr dj ik;saxsaA dks.kksa dks
[kkst ldsaxsaA fofHkUu izdkj ds dks.kksa esa
vUrj dj ldsaxsa] fofHkUu izdkj dh
vkd`fr;ka cuk ldsaxsaA
2&Mh vkd`fr;ksa esa lh/kh vkSj pØh;
lefefr (symmetry) dks [kkst lduk
vkSj 3 Mh phtksa esa lefefr dks ns[k
ikukA
la[;k i)fr vkSj
ewyHkwr lafØ;k;sa
rhu vadksa okyh la[;kvksa ds ckjs esa
viuh le> dks crk lduk vkSj
mudks fxu lduk rFkk mudk
lewghdj.k dj ikukA LFkkuh; eku
dk mi;ksx djrs gq, la[;kvksa dk
foLrkj dj ikukA
la[;k i)fr esa LFkkuh; eku dh Hkwfedk
dks le> lduk vkSj mls lafØ;kvksa ds
,Yxksfjn~e ls tksMdj ns[k ikukA fdlh
nh gqbZ la[;k esa fdlh nwljh la[;k ls
Hkkx nsus ds fofo/k rjhdksa dh le> dks
iznf'kZr dj ldukA tSls& lewghdj.k
}kjk] ckj&ckj ?kVkus ds }kjk] xq.kk ds
fu;eksa dks mi;ksx djds vkfnA
iw.kkZad vkSj muds xq.kksa dks le>uk
ifjes; la[;kvksa ds xq.kksa dk o.kZu
dj ikuk vkSj mUgsa lkekU; :i esa
crk ikukA
rhu vadksa okyh la[;kvksa dks fofo/k
izdkj ls tksM vkSj ?kVk lduk tSls&
iqu% lewghdj.k }kjk] vkaf'kd tksM
vkSj ?kVko }kjk vkfnA
,Yxksfjn~e dk mi;ksx djrs gq, nks vkSj
rhu vadksa dh la[;kvksa ds xq.kk dj
ldukA
iw.kkZdksa vkSj ifjes; la[;kvksa esa lHkh
lafØ;k;sa dj ikukA
layXud
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
62
,Yxksfjn~e dk mi;ksx djrs gq, nks
vadksa dh la[;kvksa ds xq.kk dj
ldukA
2] 3] 4] 5] vkSj 10 ds lkFk xq.kk ds
fu;eksa dks [kkstukA
pkjksa ewyHkwr lafØ;kvksa dk nSfud thou
dh xfrfof/k;ksa esa mi;ksx dj lduk
vkSj nSfud thou ls lEcfU/kr leL;kvksa
dks xf.krh; :i esa ifjofrZr dj gy
dj ldukA
bl fu"d"kZ ij igqapuk fd fdUgha nks
ifjes; la[;kvksa ds chp esa vla[;
ifjes; la[;k;sa gksrh gSaA 
lewghdj.k vFkok igkMksa dh enn ls
Hkkx dj ikukA
xq.kt vkSj xq.kd dh vo/kkj.kk dks
Li'V djus ds fy, dh tkus okyh
xfrfof/k;ksa esa lfØ; :i ls Hkkx ys
ikukA
fofo/k rjhdksa dk mi;ksx djrs gq,
la[;kvksa esa oxZ] oxZewy] ?ku vkSj
?kuewy fudky ldukA
2] 3] 5] 9 vkSj 10 dh foHkktdrk ds
fu;e ds fy, rØ vkSj oS/k dkj.k ns
ikukA
fHkUu vkSj n'keyo
¼la[;kvksa vkSj
lafØ;kvksa esa½
fHkUu dh vo/kkj.kk dh le> iznf'kZr
djuk] fHkUu dks ,d ds fgLls ds :i esa
fy[k ikuk] fHkUuksa ds tksM ,oa ?kVko dj
ldukA
fHkUuksa ds Hksnksa dh le>A fHkUuksa ij
lHkh lafØ;k;sa dj ldukA
n'keyo dks le>ukA
n'keyo esa lafØ;k;sa dj ikukA
fHkUu vkSj n'keyo ds lEcU/k dks
le>ukA
eqnzk
eqnzk dh vo/kkj.kk le>uk] nSfud
thou esa [knhnnkjh ds fy, eqnzk dk
mi;ksx dj ldukA :i;s dk iSls esa
vkSj iSlksa dks :i;ksa esa cny lduk
vkSj :i;ksa dks iSlksa esa cnyukA nSfud
thou dh xfrfof/k;ksa esa tksMus vkSj
?kVkus esa eqnzk dk mi;ksx dj ldukA
[kjhnnkjh ds nkSjku ekufld :i ls
tksMus vkSj ?kVkus dk dke dj ikuk]
bdkbZ nj ds vk/kkj ij fdlh lkeku dh
dqy nj irk yxk ikukA
Ekkiu& yEckbZ vekud bdkbZ tSls fcykan ls yEckbZ
ekiuk] yEckbZ dh ekud bdkbZ ehVj
dk mi;ksx dj lduk] NksVh yEckbZ
dks ukius ds fy, ,d ehVj ds
ls.VhehVj esa Hkkx djus dks le>uk
lkekU;r;k mi;ksx esa vkus okyh yEckbZ
dh cMh vkSj NksVh bdkbZ ¼ehVj]
ls.VhehVj½ dks le>uk] ,d&nwljh
bdkbZ;ksa esa cnyuk] vius vkl&ikl dh
phtksa tSls& pkjikbZ] d{kkd{k vkfn dh
yEckbZ uki lduk
nks LFkkuksa ds chp dh nwjh dk vuqeku
yxkuk] yEckbZ@nwjh ls lEcfU/kr nSfud
thou dh leL;kvksa ds lek/kku ds fy,
pkjksa lafØ;kvksa dk mi;ksx dj ldukA
n{krk Lrj 1 ¼d{kk 3½ Lrj 2 ¼d{kk 5½ Lrj 3 ¼d{kk 8½
la[;k i)fr vkSj
ewyHkwr lafØ;k;sa
layXud
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
63
Ekkiu& Hkkj Hkkj dh cMh vkSj NksVh bdkbZ;ksa esa
lEcU/k ns[kuk] ,d&nwljh bdkbZ;ksa esa
cnyuk] okLrfod rjktw dk mi;ksx
djrs gq, fofHkUu phtksa dk otu irk
djukA
vekud bdkbZ tSls NksVk iRFkj dk
mi;ksx djrs gq, lkekU; phtksa dk
otu irk djuk vkSj mldh rqyuk
djukA
;g le>uk fd vyx&vyx vkdkj
dh phtksa dk otu ,d tSlk gks
ldrk gSA
ekiu&
/kkfjrk@vk;ru
rjy inkFkZ dh /kkfjrk dk vuqeku
yxkuk rFkk ekud bdkbZ }kjk mls
ekidj vuqeku dh tkap djuk] nksuksa ds
vUrj dh x.kuk djukA
fdlh Bksl pht ds vk;ru dk vUnktk
yxkukA
?ku] ?kukHk dk vk;ru irk djukA
fofHkUu ik=ksa dh /kkfjrk dk vuqeku
yxkuk] vekud bdkbZ;ksa tSls& ex]
pEep vkfn ds ek/;e ls fofHkUu ik=ksa
dh /kkfjrk dh rqyuk djuk] /kkfjrk
ekius ds fy, lkekU; mi;ksx esa vkus
okyh bdkbZ yhVj dk mi;ksx dj
ldukA
le; fofHkUu ifjfpr ?kVukvksa ds le;kUrjky
dk irk djus ds fy, ekufld :i ls
tksM&?kVko dj ikukA
nks rkjh[kksa ds chp esa vkus okys fnuksa dh
x.kuk dj ldukA
nks le;ksa ds chp es ?k.Vs vkSj feuVksa dh
x.kuk dj ikukA
igys gks pqdh vFkok vkxs gksus okyh
fofHkUu xfrfof/k;ksa esa de vkSj vf/kd
le; dh le> dks iznf'kZr djukA
v[kckjksa esa fn, x, ljy xzkQ dk
fo'ys'k.k djuk vkSj fu"d"kZ fudkyukA
?kMh ns[kuk vkSj ?k.Vksa esa lgh le;
crk ikukA
fnu vFkok rkjh[k irk djus ds fy,
dyS.Mj dks le>ukA fdlh rkjh[k
ds fy, fnu vkSj fnu ds fy, rkjh[k
ds ckjs esa dyS.Mj ns[kdj tkuukA
vkadMksa dk izcU/ku nks pjksa ij vkadMs bdV~Bs djuk] mUgsa
lkj.kh] fp= xzkQ vkSj@;k ckj xzkQ esa
O;ofLFkr djuk
fdlh tkudkjh dks vius rjhds ls
fjdkWMZ djuk vkSj mldh O;k[;k esa
vkus okyh leL;k dk o.kZu dj
ldukA
fiNyh ckj ds vuqHkoksa ds vk/kkj ij
fdlh ?kVuk ds gksus dh ifjdYiuk
dj ikuk tSls& ikls vFkok flDds
dks Qsadus ij D;k vkuk
pkkfg,&bldh ifjdYiuk djukA
n{krk Lrj 1 ¼d{kk 3½ Lrj 2 ¼d{kk 5½ Lrj 3 ¼d{kk 8½
layXud
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
64
fn, x, vkadMksa ls fudyus okys eq[;
fcUnwvksa dks le>uk vkSj muls fu"d"k
fudky ldukA
vkadMksa ds ladyu ds fy, VSyh ekØ
dk mi;ksx djuk vkSj fp= ds :i esa
mUgsa izLrqr dj lduk tSls&
fiDVksxzke vkSj ckjxzkQ
fjdkWMZ dh xbZ tkudkjh ls fu"d"kZ
fudkyus ds fy, nwljksa ds lkFk ppkZ
esa Hkkx ys ldukA
chtxf.kr] vuqikr]
lekuqikr] T;kfefr]
{ks=fefr
lkekU; chtxf.krh; O;atd] nks
chtxf.krh; O;atdksa dk xq.kk]
chtxf.krh; O;atd dks lehdj.k
esa O;Dr djuk] xq.kk vkSj Hkkx ls
lEcfU/kr ,d pj okys lehdj.k
gy dj ikuk fdlh lUnHkZ esa vkus
ijA
,fdd fu;e vkSj vuqikr vkSj
lekuqikr esa lEcU/k]] vuqikr vkSj
lekuqikr dh le>
izfr'kr] ykHk&gkfu vkSj ljy ,oa
pØo`f) C;kt dh vo/kkj.kk dk
nSfud thou esa mi;ksx dj ikukA
ltkrh; vkSj fotkrh; pjksa ls
lEcfU/kr leL;kvksa ds lek/kku ds
fy, fu;e cukukA
le; vkSj dke ls lEcfU/kr
leL;kvksa dk lek/kku dj ldukA
prqHkqZt ds pkjksa dks.kksa dk ;ksx
djuk vkSj prqHkqZt ds fdlh dks.k
dk irk djus lEcU/kh leL;kvksa dk
lek/kku dj ldukA
f=Hkqt ds xq.kksa dks le>uk
ikbFkksxksjl izes; dk mi;ksx djuk
f=Hkqt dh jpuk djukA
vkadMksa dk izcU/ku
n{krk Lrj 1 ¼d{kk 3½ Lrj 2 ¼d{kk 5½ Lrj 3 ¼d{kk 8½
layXud
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
65
lekUrj prqHkqZt dh fo'ks'krk;sa
crkuk vkSj dkj.k dk irk yxkuk
fd ,d fo'ks'krk nwljh ls dSls
lEcfU/kr gSA
lery tSls dkxt] cksMZ] nhokj
vkfn ij 3 Mh vkd`fr cukukA
dksus vkSj fdukjksa esa lEcU/k
igpkuuk vkSj mudk lkekU;hdj.k
djukA
prqHkqZt dh jpuk djukA
vleku Hkqtkvksa okys vkSj cgqHkqt
vkd`fr dk {ks=Qy irk djuk oxZ
fxzM dk mi;ksx djrs gq,A
?ku vkSj ?kukHk dk lrgh {ks=Qy
Kkr djuk
n{krk Lrj 1 ¼d{kk 3½ Lrj 2 ¼d{kk 5½ Lrj 3 ¼d{kk 8½
fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk
ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe
66
layXud
SSRP implementation guideline
SSRP implementation guideline
SSRP implementation guideline
SSRP implementation guideline
SSRP implementation guideline
SSRP implementation guideline
SSRP implementation guideline
SSRP implementation guideline
SSRP implementation guideline
SSRP implementation guideline
SSRP implementation guideline
SSRP implementation guideline
SSRP implementation guideline
SSRP implementation guideline

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SSRP implementation guideline

  • 1. f’k{kdksa ,oa fMfLVªDV fjlkslZ xqzi ds lnL;ksa ds fy, fØ;kUo;u lanf’kZdk ek/;fed f’k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe Secondary School Readiness Programme ¼,l-,l-vkj-ih-½
  • 2.
  • 3. ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe Secondary School Readiness Programme ¼,l-,l-vkj-ih-½ fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk f'k{kdksa ,oa fMfLVªDV fjlkslZ xqzi ds lnL;ksa ds fy,
  • 4.
  • 5. Ùkj izns”k ek/;fed f”k{kk vfHk;ku vkSj dqlqek Qkm.Ms”ku ds la;qDr iz;kl ls l= 2016&2017 esa ik¡p tuinksa& y[kuÅ] mUuko] lhrkiqj] jk;cjsyh ,oa y[kheiqj [khjh ds 52 jktdh; ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa esa ^mn~Hko* dk;ZØe dk “kqHkkjaHk fd;k tk jgk gSA mn~Hko dk;ZØe jktdh; ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa esa d{kk&9 esa izos”k ysus okys fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds vf/kxe Lrj dks d{kkuq:i cukus dk ,d iz;kl gS rkfd mUgsa ek/;fed ,oa mPp f”k{kk izkIr djus esa vklkuh gks ldsA lkFk gh bl dk;ZØe ds fØ;kUo;u vkSj f”k{k.k dh xq.koÙkk c<+kus gsrq f”k{kdksa ds {kerko)Zu dk Hkh izko/kku gSA jk’Vªh; ek/;fed f”k{kk vfHk;ku dh uhfr;ksa ds vuq:i ,oa blds mn~ns”;ksa dh izkfIr gsrq dqlqek Qkm.M”ku us mn~Hko dk;ZØe dk fodkl fd;k ftls gjnksbZ tuin ds 25 jktdh; ,oa jktdh; lgk;rk izkIr ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa esa foxr nks o’kksZa ls lQyrkiwoZd lapkfyr fd;k tk jgk gSA blds varxZr d{kk 9 ,oa 10 ds fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds oÙkZeku vf/kxe Lrj dk fu/kkZj.k dj muds lkFk dk;Z fd;k tkrk gSA lkFk gh f”k{k.k vf/kxe izfØ;k dks csgrj cukus ds fy, dqlqek }kjk fodflr fo'k; vk/kkfjr lalk/ku fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ,oa f”k{kdksa dks miyC/k djk;s tkrs gSaA bl dk;ZØe ds varxZr f”k{kd izf”k{k.k vk;ksftr fd;s tkrs gSa rFkk fo|ky; Lrj ij f”k{kdksa dk lg;ksx iznku djus gsrq ftyk lalk/ku lewg ¼fMfLVªDV fjlkslZ xzqi½ dk xBu fd;k tkrk gSA blls f”k{k.k dks izHkkoh cukus ds fy, fofHkUu f”k{k.k fof/k;ksa dks le>us ,oa lh[kus esa f”k{kdksa dks lgk;rk feyrh gSA jk’Vªh; ek/;fed f”k{kk vfHk;ku ds mís”;ksa dh iwfrZ gsrq mÙkj izns”k ek/;fed f”k{kk vfHk;ku jkT; ds mi;qDr tuinksa ds p;fur fo|ky;ksa esa dqlqek ekWMYk ¼mn~Hko dk;ZØe½ o vU; fo|ky;ksa esa jk’Vaªh; ek/;fed f”k{kk vfHk;ku }kjk vknsf”kr *fjesfM;y d{kk,a* fØ;kfUor djus dk fu”p; fd;k gSA mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr f”k{k.k eq[; :i ls 4 fo’k;ksa ¼xf.kr] foKku] vaxzsth o fgUnh½ ij dsfUnzr gS vkSj blds fØ;kUo;u dh vof/k nks o’kZ dh gSA lkFk gh jk’Vªah; ek/;fed f”k{kk vfHk;ku ds vUrxZr fjesfM;y d{kk,a nks fo’k;ksa ¼xf.kr vkSj fgUnh½ ij dsfUnzr gSa vkSj blds fØ;kUo;u dh vof/k 45 fnuksa dh gSA mÙkj izkDdFku m
  • 6. izns”k ek/;fed f”k{kk vfHk;ku us jkT; ds “ks’k fo|ky;ksa esa fjesfM;y d{kk,a “kq: djus gsrq dqlqek }kjk fufeZr mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds lalk/kuksa dks bLrseky djus dk fu”p; fd;k gSA bl dk;ZØe dh lQyrk vki f”k{kdksa] iz/kkukpk;ksZa] fMfLVªDV fjlkslZ xzqi ,oa LVsV fjlkslZ xzqi ds lnL;ksa dh lfØ; Hkkxhnkjh ,oa ifjJe ij gh fuHkZj gS ftl ij gesa iw.kZ fo”okl gSA ge bl dk;ZØe dh lQyrk ds fy;s vkidks gkfnZd “kqHkdkeuk,a nsrs gSaA ;w-ih-,e-,l-,- Vhe dqlqek Vhe
  • 7. iwjs ns'k esa loZf'k{kk vfHk;ku ds lQyrkiwoZd ykxw gksus ds QyLo:i cM+h la[;k esa Nk= mPp izkFkfed d{kkvksa esa mÙkh.kZ gks jgs gSa] bl dkj.k ek/;fed f'k{kk ds fy, vf/kd ekax mRiUu gks jgh gSA bl vko';drk ds n``f"Vxr dsUnz o jkT; ljdkjksa us jk"Vªh; ek/;fed f'k{kk vfHk;ku dh en esa fo'ks"k lalk/kuksa dk izko/kku fd;k gSA mÙkj izns'k ljdkj us Hkh jk"Vªh; ek/;fed f'k{kk vfHk;ku ¼vkj-,e-,l-,-½ ds rgr bl fn'kk esa dqN xaHkhj iz;kl fd;s gSaSA oÙkZeku ifjfLFkfr ds eÌsut+j vkj-,e-,l-,- us igys pj.k ds nkSjku fo|ky;ksa esa HkkSfrd lalk/ku fuekZ.k ij tksj fn;k ftlds ifj.kke dkQh mRlkgtud jgkA vius nwljs pj.k esa vkj-,e-,l-,- f'k{kk dh xq.koÙkk ij fo'ks"k /;ku ns jghs gSA dqlqek QkmaMs'ku fiNys rhu o"kksZa ls Þmn~HkoÞ dk;ZØe ds ek/;e ls ls mÙkj izns'k ds gjnksbZ ftys vkSj mM+hlk ds lEcyiqj ftys ds 50 ek/;fed Ldwyksa esa xq.koÙkk c<kus gsrq dk;Zjr gSA Þmn~HkoÞ dk;ZØe ds ifj.kke ldkjkRed jgs gSa vkSj blds fØ;kUo;u ls dqlqek Qkm.Ms'ku dk vuqHko le`) gqvk gSA bUgha vuqHkoksa ds vk/kkj ij d{kk 9oha vkSj 10oha ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds vf/kxe Lrj dks d{kkuq:i ykus vkSj f'k{kk dks vkSj izHkkoh cukus ds fy;s dh vko';drk dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, jk"Vªh; ek/;fed f'k{kk vfHk;ku vkSj dqlqek QkmaMs'ku ds lg;ksx ls mn~Hko Ldsy&vi dk;ZØe dh ladYiuk dh xbZ gSA mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds nks izeq[k i{k gSa] f'k{kdksa dk {kerko/kZu rFkk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØeA blds mÌs'; dh iwfrZ gsrq nksgjs iz;kl fd;s tk;saxsA fo|kfFkZ;ksa }kjk d{kk 8 rd dh ewy&Hkwr n{krkvksa dk izkIr djus ds fy;s rFkk d{kk 9 o 10 dks dfBu vo/kkj.kkvksa dks ljyrk ls fl[kkus ds fy;s f'k{kdksa dk {kerko/kZu izf'k{k.k rkfd d{kk esa fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds vf/kxe Lrj ds vUrj dks de fd;k tk lds vkSj lHkh fo|kFkhZ viuh d{kk ds ikB;Øe ds lkFk py ldus ;ksX; gks ldsaA bl o"kZ ls mn~Hko dk;ZØe dks mÙkj izns'k ds y[kuÅ eaMy ds ik¡p tuinksa ds 52 Ldwyksa esa lapkfyr fd;k tk;sxkA bl dk;ZØe dks lqpk: ,oa izHkkoh :i ls lapkyu ds fy;s lHkh p;fur fo|ky;ksa ds 240 f'k{kdksa dks izksQs'kuy fodkl gsrq izf'kf{kr fd;k tk;sxkA f'k{kdkas dks izf'k{k.k o dk;ZØe dks vdknfed enn vkeq[k
  • 8. djus ds fy;s bu ftyksa esa fMfLVªDV fjlkslZ xzqi ¼Mh-vkj-th-½ gksaxs ftUgsa jkT; Lrj ij xfBr LVsV fjlkslZ xzqi ¼,l-vkj-th-½ lacy iznku djsxkA bl iwjs dk;ZØe esa dqlqek Qkm.Ms'ku lHkh fgrHkkfx;ksa ds {kerko/kZu vkSj iBu ikBu ls lacfU/kr lalk/ku miyC/k djkus dk dke djxhA ;g lanf'kZdk mu lHkh fgrHkkfx;ksa dh lgk;rk ds fy;s rS;kj dh xbZ gS tks ,l- ,l-vkj-ih- dk;ZØe dks fØ;kfUor djus esa layXu gSaA ;g lanf'kZdk dk;ZØe dh lexz le> cukus rFkk mls lapkfyr djus ls lacfU/kr ekxZn'kZu nsrh gSA lanf'kZdk esa mn~Hko dk;ZØe dk ifjp;] mís'; ,oa ,l-,l-vkj-ih- dh lHkh xfrfof/k;ksa dk fooj.k fn;k x;k gSA lanf'kZdk esa bl ckr dk ?;ku j[kk gS fd] ;g mn~Hko ls tqM+s f'k{kdksa dks ,l-,l-vkj-ih- dks dne nj dne lapkfyr djus esa enn djsA blesa fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds vf/kxe Lrj dk vkadyu] QkmaMs'ku dSai] lg;kssxkRed vf/kxe pj.k rFkk lekiu dSai ds lapkyu ds nkSjku lh[kus dk ekgkSy vkSj mi;ksx dh tkus okyh lzksr lkexzh ds ckjs esa ppkZ dh xbZ gSA lanf'kZdk esa mn~Hko dh izxfr o xq.koRrk ds ekud rFkk vU; izi=ksas dk Hkh lekos'k gksxkA lkFk gh dk;ZØe esa lg;ksx iznku djus okys lHkh lg;ksfx;ksa vkSj fgrHkkfx;ksa dh Hkwfedkvksa vkSj nkf;Roksa ds ckjs esa Hkh crk;k x;k gSA vk'kk gS ;g vkids fy, mi;ksxh gksxhA dqlqek Vhe
  • 9. fo"k; lwph v/;k; 1 mn~Hko dk;ZØe& ifjp; 9 v/;k; 2 ,l-,l-vkj-ih-& fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds vf/kxe Lrj dk vkdyu 17 v/;k; 3 Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi] lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe pj.k rFkk lekiu dSEi 22 v/;k; 4 mn~Hko& f'k{k.k vf/kxe laca/kh lalk/ku 28 v/;k; 5 lh[kus dk ekgkSy ,oa lkekU; fl)kUr 31 v/;k; 6 Mh-vkj-th-& Hkwfedk nkf;Ro ,oa dk;Z 38 v/;k; 7 mn~Hko& lg;kfsx;ksa dh Hkwfedk] dk;Z ,oa vis{kk;sa 45 v/;k; 8 mnHko& xq.koÙkk] vuqJo.k vkSj lacfU/kr vkdM+ksa dk izcU/ku 48 ;kstuk vkSj Lo fpUru 52 layXud 1 fo"k;okj ,oa Lrjokj ewyHkwr n{krkvksa dh lwph 61 layXud 2 Ikz'kklfud vkns'k LVsV fjlkslZ xzqi xBu& 74
  • 10.
  • 11. ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa dh blh fLFkfr ds eÌsutj dqlqek QkmaMs'ku fiNys rhu o"kksZa ls Þmn~HkoÞ dk;ZØe ds ek/;e ls ls mÙkj izns'k ds gjnksbZ ftys vkSj mM+hlk ds lEcyiqj ftys ds 50 ek/;fed Ldwyksa esa xq.koÙkk c<kus gsrq dk;Zjr gSA Þmn~HkoÞ dk;ZØe ds ifj.kke ldkjkRed jgs gSa vkSj blds fØ;kUo;u ls dqlqek Qkm.Ms'ku dk vuqHko le`) gqvk gSA bUgha vuqHkoksa ds vk/kkj ij d{kk 9oha vkSj 10oha ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds vf/kxe Lrj dks d{kkuq:i ykus vkSj f'k{kk dks vkSj izHkkoh cukus ds fy;s dh vko';drk dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, jk"Vªh; ek/;fed f'k{kk vfHk;ku vkSj dqlqek QkmaMs'ku ds lg;ksx ls mn~Hko Ldsy&vi dk;ZØe dh ladYiuk dh xbZ gSA mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds nks izeq[k i{k gSa f'k{kdksa dk {kerko/kZu ,oa ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØeA blds mÌs'; dh iwfrZ gsrq nksgjs iz;kl fd;s tk;saxsA fo|kfFkZ;ksa }kjk d{kk 8 rd dh ewy Hkwr n{krkvksa dk izkIr djus ds fy;s rFkk d{kk 9 o 10 dks dfBu vo/kkj.kkvksa dks ljyrk ls lh[kkus ds fy;s f'k{kdksa dk {kerko/kZu izf'k{k.k rkfd d{kk esa fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds vf/kxe Lrj ds vUrj dks de fd;k tk lds vkSj lHkh fo|kFkhZ viuh d{kk ds ikB;Øe ds lkFk py ldus ;ksX; gks ldsaA bl mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr bl o"kZ mÙkj izns'k ds y[kuÅ e.My ds ik¡p tuinksa ;Fkk y[kuÅ] mUuko] lhrkiqj] jk;cjsyh] y[kheiqj [khjh ds 52 Ldwyksa esa lapkfyr fd;k tk;sxkA blh ds lkFk lHkh p;fur fo|ky;ksa ds 240 f'k{kdksa dks izksQs'kuy fodkl gsrq izf'kf{kr fd;k tk;sxkA f'k{kdks dks izf'k{k.k o dk;ZØe dks rduhd enn djus ds fy;s bu ftyksa esa fMfLVªDV fjlkslZ xzqi ¼Mh- vkj-th-½ gksaxs ftUgsa jkT; Lrj ij xfBr fjlkslZ xzqi lacy iznku djsxkA 1- mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds mís';& mnHko dk;ZØe ds mÌs'; f'k{k.k dks izHkkoh cukuk rFkk d{kk 9 o 10 ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk vf/kxe Lrj d{kkua:i ykuk gSaA 1-1 f'k{kdksa dk n{krk lao/kZu&f'k{kdksa dk n{krk lao/kZu bl dk;ZØe dk ,d egRoiw.kZ fgLlk gSA mÌs'; gS ek/;fed Lrj ij lkeqfgd iz;kl ls f'k{k.k dh xq.koÙkk dks csgrj fd;k tk lds rFkk f'k{kd dks ,l-,l- v/;k;1 mn~Hko dk;ZØe& ifjp; fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 9
  • 12. vkj-ih- esa fu/kZkfjr xfrfof/k;ksa dks izoh.krk ls vk;ksftr dj visf{kr ifj.kke fnykus esa lQyrk fey ldsA mn~Hko dk;ZØe esa bl izdkj dh f'k{k.k fof/k;ksa dk iz;ksx fd;k tk;sxk ftlls uk dsoy fo|kFkhZ viuh mez ds vuqlkj lh[k ldsaxsa cfYd fu;fer d{kkxr izfØ;kvksa esa esa vf/kd Hkkxhnkjh dj ldsaxsaA 1-2 d{kk esa gksus okyh izfØ;kvksa esa lq/kkj&ek/;fed d{kkvksa ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks mudh mez ds vuq:i f'k{k.k fof/k dh vko';drk gksrh gSA f'k{kdksa ds n{krk lao/kZu ds vUrxZr fu;fer iz;kl fd;s tkus gSa rkfd os vius lh[kus&fl[kkus dh izfØ;kvksa ls d{kkvks esa gksus okyh izfØ;kvksa dks csgrj djrs jgsaA 1-3 ek/;fed d{kk ds fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks viuh d{kk ds led{k Lrj ij lh[kus ds fy, rS;kj djuk& d{kk 9 esa izos'k ysus okys vf/kdka'k fo|kfFkZ;ksaa esa 'kSf{kd Kku dk visf{kr Lrj ls dkQh de ns[k x;k gSA fygktk+ mn~Hko dk;ZØe esa dksf'k'k ;g dh tk;sxh fd mudh 'kSf{kd uhao etcwr gksA fu;fer i<++kbZ ds lkFk vk/kkjHkwr vo/kkj.kkvksa vkSj fo"k;oLrq dh iqujko`fRr bl rjg ls dh tk;sxh fd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh le> fodflr gks lds] lkFk gh bruk le; Hkh uk yxs fd mudh pkyw o"kZ dh i<++kbZ dk uqdlku gksA Ldwy o"kZ dh 'kq:vkr esa gh visf{kr vkSj okLrfod Lrjksa ds chp vUrj dk vkdyu fd;k tk;sxk vkSj fujarj :i ls bl vUrj esa deh yk;k tk ldsA 1-4 fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lh[kus ds Lrj esa o`f)& mn~Hko dk;ZØe esa lHkh fo"k;ksa ij dke fd;k tk;sxk ysfdu fgUnh] foKku] xf.kr vkSj vaxzsth ij fo'ks"k /;ku fn;k tk;sxkA bu fo"k;ksa esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lh[kus ds Lrj dk fu;fer vkdyu fd;k tk;sxk rkfd visf{kr lq/kkj lqfuf'pr fd;k tk ldsA 2- mn~Hko dk;ZØe dk fØ;kUo;u vko';drkvks vkSj xfrfof/k;ksa dh n`f"V ls mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds nks fgLlksa esa ns[kk tk ldrk gSA l f'k{kdksa dk n{krk lao/kZu l ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe ¼,l-,l- vkj-ih-½ 2-1 f'k{kdksa dk n{krk lao/kZu bl dk;ZØe ds vUrxrZ f'k{kdksa dk n{krk lao/kZu loZizFke vkSj lcls egRoiw.kZ dne vr% bldks o``gn vkSj lexz :i esa ns[kk x;k gSA ftlesa fo"k;okj f'k{kd izf'k{k.k ds vfrfjDr f'k{k.k ds fy, mi;ksxh lzksr lkexzh ¼f'k{kd lanf'kZdk] fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, vH;kl iqfLrdk½ vdknfed lg;ksx gsrq fMfLVªDV fjlkslZ xzqi ¼Mh-vkj-th-½ dk xBu] vkfn vU; i{kksa dks lekfgr fd;k x;k gSA v/;k;1 fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 10
  • 13. 2-1-1 f'k{kdksasa dh n{krk lao/kZu ds fy, nks ckj dk;Z'kkyk vk;ksftr gksxhA igyh dk;Z'kkyk dk;ZØe ds 'kq:vkr esa rFkk nwljh dk;ZØe ds e/; esa dh tk;sxhA bl dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr f'k{kdksasa dk ,l-,l-vkj-ih- dk;ZØe mUeq[khdj.k rFkk mn~Hko lkexzh ls ifjfpr djkus ds vfrfjDr muds lkFk fofHkUu fo"k;ksa dks i<++kus ds rjhdksa] vyx&vyx Lrj ds fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke djus dh fof/k;ksa] bl mez ds fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lh[kus dh fo'ks"krkvksa] d{kk izcU/ku vkfn eqíksa ij dke fd;k tk;sxkA 2-1-2 Mh-vkj-th dk xBu&f'k{kk esa lq/kkj ds iz;klksa dk vf/kdre vlj iSnk djus ds fy, lg;ksx rU= dk gksuk vko';d gSA bl iwjs dke dks ns[kus ds fy, LFkkuh; Lrj ij ;ksX; o dq'ky yksxksa dh Vhe vko';d gSA QyLo:i] ftys Lrj ij fMfLVªDV fjlkslZ xzqi ¼Mh-vkj-th-½ dk izko/kku gS] tks f'k{kdksasa dks Ldwy Lrj ij enn djsxh] lkFk gh dk;ZØe ds fofHkUu lk>snkjksa ds chp dM+h dk dke djsxhA f'k{kdksasa ds fujUrj vdknfed lg;ksx gsrq Mh-vkj-th- dh nks fnolh; n{krk lao/kZu dk;Z'kkyk vk;ksftr gksxhA ftlesa mn~Hko dk;ZØe ,oa blds fØ;kUo;u] mn~Hko lanHkZ lkexzh] Mh-vkj-th- dh Hkwfedk ,oa muls vis{kk;sa] Ldwy voyksdu ,oa lg;kssx ds rjhds rFkk muls lEcfU/kr izi=ksa dh ppkZ] dk;ZØe ls lEcfU/kr vkadM+ksa dk ladyu ,oa fo'ys"k.k vkfn eqíksa ij ckrsa gksxhA 2-2-3 ,l-,l-vkj-ih- dk;ZØe esa usr`Ro rFkk f'k{kdksasa dks iw.kZ vdknfed lg;ksx iznku djus gsrq 52 Ldwyksa ds iz/kkuk/;kidksa dh ,d fnolh; mUeq[khdj.k dk;Z'kkyk vk;ksftr dh tk;sxh ftlesa mn~Hko dk;ZØe ,oa blds fØ;kUo;u] mn~Hko lanHkZ lkexzh] iz/kkuk/;kidksa dh Hkwfedk ,oa muls vis{kk;sa] ekWfuVfjax] lg;ksx ,oa vkdyu ds rjhdksa vkfn eqíksa ij ppkZ dh tk;sxhA 2-2-4 f'k{kdksa ds lg;ksx gsrq f'k{k.k lalk/kuksa dk izko/kku gksxk ftlds rgr f'k{kdksa dks }kjk ubZ fof/k;ksa ls Ldwyksa esa iBu ikBu dk dk;Z laikfnr fd;k tk ldsA v/;k;1 fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 11 xfrfof/k@pj.k izfrfnu dqy le; i<++k;s tkus okys fo"k; cslykbZu v/;;u ,oa lewg fu/kkZj.k vko';drk ds vuqlkj vko';drk ds vuqlkj Qkm.Ms"ku dSEi 4 ?k.Vs 18 fnu vFkkZr~ 72 ?k.Vs fgUnh] xf.kr] vaxzsth] i;kZoj.k v/;;u lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe pj.k 2 ?k.Vs 15 feuV 45 fnu vFkkZr~ 102 ?k.Vs xf.kr] vaxzsth] foKku lekiu dSEi 2 ?k.Vs 15 feuV 6 fnu vFkkZr~ 13 ?k.Vs xf.kr] vaxzsth] foKku vfUre vkdyu vko';drk ds vuqlkj vko';drk ds vuqlkj
  • 14. 2-2-5 f'k{kdksasa ds vuqHko] dk;ZØe dh leh{kk ds lkFk vkxs dh foLr`r ;kstuk ij ppkZ gsrq dk;ZØe esa f'k{kdksasa dh leh{kk cSBd dk izko/kku gSA 2-2 ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe ¼,l-,l-vkj-ih-½ ,l-,l-vkj-ih- dk;ZØe eq[;r% ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa esa fo'ks'kr% d{kk 9 rFkk 10 ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa visf{kr vksj okLrfod vf/kxe Lrj esa vUrj dks [kRe djus vkSj d{kk ds ikB;Øe dks csgrj le>us dh fn'kk esa ,d Bksl iz;kl gSA bldk fØ;kUo;u fuEufyf[kr pj.kksa esa fd;k tk;sxkA 2-2-1 vk/kkjHkwr vkdyu (Baseline assessment) f'k{kd }kjk loZizFke fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds vf/kxe Lrj dk vkdyu fd;k tk;sxkA gks ldrk gS f'k{kd dks fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds Lrj dk dkQh vuqeku gks] ysfdu ;gk¡ gesa ml vuqeku dks vkSj iq[rk djus dh vko';drk gksxhA lkFk gh ;g Lrj tkap fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lewg cukus esa Hkh f'k{kd dh enn djsxkA blds fy, fo"k;okj vkdyu isij rS;kj fd, x, gSa] ftuds vk/kkj ij fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds Lrj dk vkdyu fd;k tk;sxkA Lrj tkap ds ckn fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks fuEukuqlkj rhu Lrjksa esa foHkkftr fd;k tk;sxk& l igys Lrj esa os fo|kFkhZ gksxsa ftuesa d{kk 3 rd dh vFkok mlls de Lrj dh n{krk;sa gksaxhA l nwljk Lrj og gksxk ftlesa d{kk 3 ls Åij ,oa d{kk 5 rd dh n{krk;sa gksaxha vkSj l rhljk Lrj og gksxk ftlesa d{kk 5 ls Åij ,oa d{kk 8 rd dh n{krk;sa gksxhaA Lrj vkdyu rFkk lewg fuekZ.k dh izfØ;k vkxs ds i`"Bksa esa foLrkj ls nh xbZ gSA 2-2-2 Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ¼Foundation Camp½& fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke dk ;g igyk pj.k gSA Lrj vkdyu ds vk/kkj ij cuk;s x;s lewgksa ds lkFk Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi esa 18 dk;Z fnol vFkkZr~ rhu lIrkg dke fd;k tk;sxkA blesa izfrfnu 4 ?k.Vs rFkk dqy 72 ?k.Vs fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke gksxkA bl pj.k dk eq[; Qksdl mu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke djuk gS tks Lrj vkdyu ds nkSjku igys Lrj ¼d{kk 3½ rFkk nwljs Lrj ¼d{kk 5½ esa vk;s gSaaA bl pj.k dk eq[; mís'; gS fd fo|kFkhZ d+{kk 5 rd dh dqN ewyHkwr n{krkvksa dks izkIr dj ldsaA pwafd ;s fo|kFkhZ mez esa cMs+ gksrs gSa vkSj buds lh[kus dh xfr rst gksrh gSA lkFk gh buds ikl igys ls gh mu n{krkvksa ij dke dk vuqHko gksrk gS] blhfy, ;g vis{kk dh tkrh gS fd os brus de le; esa d{kk 5 rd dh dqN ewyHkwr n{krkvksa dks lh[k ldsaxsaA Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi esa Lrj ,d ,oa Lrj nks ds fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk pkj fo"k;ksa& fgUnh] vaxzsth] xf.kr rFkk i;kZoj.k v/;;u esa dke fd;k tk;sxkA fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 12 v/;k;1
  • 15. 2-1-3 lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe dk pj.k (Supported Learning Phase) bl pj.k esa fo|kFkhZ f'k{kd ds lg;ksx ls rFkk dqN Lo;a i<++dj fofHkUu vo/kkj.kkvksa dks lh[kus rFkk vH;kl djus dk dke djsaxsaA ;g pj.k dqy 45 fnu pysxkA bl pj.k esa izfrfnu 2 ?k.Vs ,oa 15 feuV vFkkZr~ dqy 102 ?k.Vs fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke fd;k tk;sxkA bl pj.k dk eq[; mís'; gS fd fo|kFkhZ Lrj 3 ¼d{kk 8½ rd dh dqN ewyHkwr n{krkvksa dks izkIr dj ldsaA bl pj.k esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk rhu fo"k;ksa xf.kr] vaxszth vkSj foKku ij dke fd;k tk;sxkA 2-1-4 lekiu dSEi ¼Consolidation Camp½ ;g 6 fnu dk dSEi gksxk] ftlesa izfrfnu 2 ?k.Vs 15 feuV rFkk dqy 13 ?k.Vs fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke fd;k tk;sxkA bl dSEi dk vk;kstu blfy, fd;k tkrk gS fd fo|kFkhZ d+{kk 9 ds ikB~;Øe ,oa ikB~;iqLrd dks le> dj ml ij dke djus ds fy, rS;kj gks ldsaA bl dSEi esa mu n{krkvksa ij dke fd;k tk;sxk ftUgsa fo|kFkhZ Qkm.Ms'ku vkSj lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe ds pj.k esa ugha lh[k ik;s gksa vFkok mUgsa iq[rk djus dh t:jr gksA mUgsa dqN vH;kl vk/kkfjr dke Hkh bl pj.k esa fn, tkrs gSa vkSj bl izdkj mUgsa d{kk 9 dh ikB~;iqLrd ds lkFk dke djus ds fy, rS;kj fd;k tkrk gSA bl dSEi esa Hkh foKku] xf.kr rFkk vaxzsth fo"k;ksa ij dke fd;k tk;sxkA 2-1-5 ,aMykbu vkdyu ¼EndlineAssessment) ;|fi f'k{kd dke ds nkSjku fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk vkdyu djrs jgrs gSaA ysfdu dk;ZØe ds izHkko dks ns[kus rFkk fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds fy, vkxkeh f'k{k.k dh dk;Z ;kstuk rS;kj djus ds fy, lekiu dSEi ds ckn ,aMykbu vkdyu fd;k tk;sxkA ;g vkdyu Hkh fo"k;okj vkdyu isijksa ds ek/;e ls gksxkA bl vkdyu ds ifj.kkeksa ds vk/kkj ij fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds fy, vkxs dh dk;Z;kstuk r; dh tk;sxhA vkxs dh dk;Z;kstuk ds vUrxZr tks fo|kFkhZ vHkh Hkh d{kk 9 ds Lrj rd ugha igqap ik;s gSa] muds lkFk mudh vk';drkds vuqlkj iqu% dke fd;k tk;sxk vkSj tks fo|kFkhZ d{kk 9 ds Lrj rd igqap tk;saxsa] os d{kk ds fu;fer dkeksa esa Hkkxhnkjh djuk izkjEHk dj ldsaxsaA 3- dk;ZØe dh ekWuhVfjax ,oa 'kks/k dk;Z xfrfof/k;ksa dks lgh fn'kk nsus] iwjs iz;kl dh izHkko'khyrk dk vkdyu djus rFkk mls cuk, j[kus ds fy, fu;fer ekWuhVfjax ,oa p;fur igyqvksa ij 'kks/k vko';d gSA xq.koÙkk vkdyu gsrq dqlqek QkmaMs'ku ds lg;ksx ls ekWuhVfjax dk;Z [kqn f'k{kdksasa] iz/kkuk/;kidksa] Mh-vkj-th- ftyk f'k{kk vf/kdkjh ,oa ek/;fed f'k{kk vfHk;ku ds jkT; Lrj ds vf/kdkfj;ksa ds }kjk fd;k tk;sxkA blds fy;s dqlqek Qkm.Ms'ku rFkk mRrj izns'k ek/;fed f'k{kk vfHk;ku }kjk mnHko dh izxfr o xq.koÙkk ds ekun.M p;fur fd;s tk;saxsA blds vuq:Ik vuqJo.k o xq.koÙkk ij[k gsrq izi= o psdfyLV rS;kj fd;s tk;saxsA v/;k;1 fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 13
  • 16. d{kk izfØ;k esa gksus okys lq/kkj lwpdksa ds vk/kkj ij ekWuhVfjax ds fy, psdfyLV rS;kj dh tk,xhA blds vfrfjDr Mh-vkj-th- ds lnL; f'k{kd voyksdu izi= ds ek/;e ls Ldwyksa esa enn ,oa ekWfuVfjax dk dk;Z djsaxsaA 'kks/k ds fy, dk;ZØe fØ;kUo;u ds nkSjku iz'u@igyw r; fd;s tk;saxsa vkSj ek/;fed f'k{kk vfHk;ku ds lkFk feydj Lis'kfyLV laLFkk }kjk 'kks/k dk;Z fd;k tk;sxkA 'kks/k ls fudyus okyh tkudkjh vkSj fu"d"kksZa dks lHkh ds lkFk lk>k dj vkxs dh j.kuhfr rS;kj dh tk;sxhA mn~Hko ,d utj esa& mn~ns’;@vis{kk;sa f’k{kd izf’k{k.k Lkkexzh dk izko/kku ekWfuVfjax o lg;ksx fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 14 f'k{kd& d{kk izfØ;kvksa esa lq/kkj gksxk] f'k{kdksasa dk n{krk lao/kZu gksxk vyx&vyx Lrj ds fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke djus dh fof/k;ksa] fd'kksj mez ds fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lh[kus dh fo'ks"krkvksa] d{kk izcU/ku rFkk f'k{kdksasa dh vko';drkvksa ds vuqlkj izf'k{k.k dh O;oLFkk fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk] f'k{kd ekxZnf'kZdk] fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, vH;kl iqfLrdk] fo|kFkhZ Lo vf/kxe bdkbZ ,oa f'k{kd lg;ksx bdkbZ Mh-vkj-th-- }kjk d{kk esa lg;ksx] izf'k{k.k dk;Z'kkykvksa ,oa leh{kk cSBd esa HkkxhnkjhA iz/kkuk/;kid ,oa vU; lk>snkjksa ds lkFk cSBd izf'k{k.k lg;ksx& iz/kkuk/;kid] Mh-vkj-th ,oa f'k{kd vdknfed lg;ksx iznku djsaxsA izHkko'kkyh ekWuhVfjax] d{kk f'k{k.k ds fy, izf'k{k.k fn;k tk;sxkA mn~Hko lanHkZ lkexzh {kerk lao/kZu lanf'kZdk] f'k{kd voyksdu izi= dqlqek Vhe] Mh-vk-th-] ftyk f'k{kk vf/kdkjh] vkj,e,l, }kjk d{kk voyksdu] 'kks/k o vkdyu xfrfof/k;ka ftuds vk/kkj ij QhMcSdA v/;k;1 vfHkHkkod fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds f'k{k.k Lrj dh tkudkjh muds vfHkHkkodksa dks nsuk ,oa mudk ;ksxnku izkIr djuk cslykbZu ,oa vfUre vkdyu] vfHkHkkodksasa }kjk fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lh[kus dh xfr dh ekWuhVfjax] vkSj lg;ksx ds dne ,l-,e-Mh-lh- ,l-,e-Mh-lh- lnL;ksa dks Ldwy dh xq.koRrk ds izfr tkx:drk iSnk djuk ,oa mudk ;ksxnku izzkIr fd;k tk;sxk lgHkkxh fo|ky; fu;kstu lanf'kZdk ¼lqxe dk;ZØe lHkh ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa ds ,l-,e-Mh- lh- ds n{krko/kZu fy;s dk;Zjr gS ftlds vUrxZr muds }kjk fo|ky; fodkl dh ;kstuk cuk;h tk jgh gS½ dqlqek Vhe] vkj,e,l, }kjk fo|ky; fodkl ;kstuk cukus es lg;ksx] d{kk voyksdu fo|kfFkS;ksa ds lh[kus dh xfr dh ekuhVfjax fo|kFkhZ& lHkh fo"k;ksa esa ek/;fed f'k{kk ds fy, rS;kjh dk c<+k gqvk Lrj iznf'kZr djsaxsaA fofHkUu fo"k;ksa dks i<++kus ds rjhds] mn~Hko lkexzh] lh[kus&fl[kkus dh fofHkUu j.kuhfr;ka ,oa xfrfof/k;ka f'k{kd ekxZnf'kZdk] fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, vH;kl iqfLrdk] fo|kFkhZ Lo vf/kxe bdkbZ ,oa f'k{kd lg;ksx bdkbZ cslykbZu ,oa vfUre vkdyu] f'k{kdksasa ,oa Mh-vkj-th xzqi }kjk fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lh[kus dh xfr dh ekWuhVfjax] f'k{kdksasa }kjk lq/kkj ds dne
  • 17. 4- mn~Hko esa vkidh Hkwfedk& mn~Hko dk;ZØe lgHkkfxrk ij vk/kkfjr dk;ZØe gS vr% lQyrk dks izkIr djus gsrq lHkh fgrHkkfx;ksa fo'ks"kdj f'k{kdksa dh Hkwfedk loksZifj gSA vr% f'k{kdksa ls fuosnu gS fd] l mn~Hko dks vius lh[kus&fl[kkus dh izfØ;k dks vf/kd lqn`<+ cukus okys ekSds ds :i esa ns[ksaA l vius vuqHkoksa] t:jrksa] lQyrkvksa o leL;kvks dks lk>k djus ds fy, rS;kj jgsaA l izf'k{k.kksa es [kqydj Hkkx ysaA mUgsa viuh vko';drkvksa ds vuq:i <kyus o O;kogkfjd cukus esa enn djsaA l fodflr gks jgh lkexzh] fo'ks"krkSj ij fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk] f'k{kd ekxZnf'kZdk ,oa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds fy, vH;kl iqfLrdk ij viuk QhMcSd t:j nsaA l fopkj djsa fd vkids Ldwy ds fodkl esa bl dk;ZØe dk ;ksxnku fdl izdkj gks ldrk gSA l cPPkksa ds lkFk dk;ZØe ds pj.kkuqlkj dke djsa vkSj muds lh[kus ds Lrj esa o`f) lqfuf'pr djsaA v/;k;1 fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 15
  • 18. fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 16 xfrfof/k@pj.k izLrkfor ekg 1 {kerk lao/kZu vxLr 1-1 ftyk fo|ky; fujh{kd mUeq[khdj.k vxLr 1-2 iz/kkukpk;Z mUeq[khdj.k vxLr 1-3 Mh-vk-th- izf'k{k.k vxLr 1-4 f'k{kd izf"k{k.k&1 vxLr 1-5 f'k{kd izf"k{k.k&2 vDVqcj 1-6 leh{kk cSBd ¼Mh-vk-th- o f'k{kd½ fnlEcj 2 ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 2-1 cslykbZu v/;;u ,oa lewg fu/kkZj.k tqykbZ&flrEcj 2-2 Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi vDVwcj 2-3 lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe pj.k vDVwcj 2-4 lekiu dSEi fnlEcj 2-5 ,aMykbu vkdyu tuojh mn~Hko dk;ZØe dks iw.kZ:i ls tkuus ds ckn vkxkeh v/;k;ks ess ge ,l-,l-vkj- ih- dk;ZØe ds ckjs esa foLrkj ls ppkZ djsaxsA v/;k;1 mnHko dk;ZØe fØ;kUo;u& le; lkj.kh
  • 19. fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke izkjEHk djus ls igys ;g irk djuk vko';dgS fd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk orZeku vf/kxe Lrj D;k gS rkfd mlds vk/kkj ij muds lkFk dke dh ;kstuk cukbZ tk ldsA mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr fo|ky; loZizFke d{kk 9 esa izos'k ysus okys lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk Lrj vkdyu fd;k tk;sxk vkSj fØ;kuo;u dh ;kstuk cuk;h tk;sxhA ;g vkdyu dk;ZØe ds 'kq:vkr esa fd;k tk;sxk ftls cslykbZu v/;;u dgrs gSaA bl vkdyu dk mn~ns'; fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds vf/kxe Lrj dk irk yxkdj mlds vk/kkj ij mUgsa rhu Lrjksa esa foHkkftr djuk gS& l Lrj 1& os fo|kFkhZ ftudk vf/kxe Lrj d+{kk 3 ls de gSA l Lrj 2& os fo|kFkhZ ftudk vf/kxe Lrj d{kk 3 ls vf/kd vkSj d{kk 5 ls de gSA l Lrj 3& os fo|kFkhZ ftudk vf/kxe Lrj d{kk 5 ls vf/kd vkSj d{kk 8 ls de gSA ;g vkdyu Ldwy ds f'k{kdksasa }kjk fd;k tk;sxkA dqlqek Qkm.Ms'ku dh Vhe Mh- vk-th-] iz/kkuk/;kid ,oa f'k{kdksasa dk mUeq[khdj.k djsxhA ;g vkdyu fgUnh] xf.kr] vaxzsth] i;kZoj.k v/;;u vkSj foKku fo"k;ksa dk gksxkA vkdyu ds fy, fo"k;okj vkdyu isij cuk;s x;s gSaA tks Åij crk;s x;s rhuksa Lrjksa dk vkdyu djus ds fy, gSA vkdyu ds fy, ;s isij bl izdkj rS;kj fd;s x;s gSa fd os rhuksa Lrjksa dh n{krkvksa dks tkap ldsaA vkdyu ds ;s lHkh isij dqlqek Qkm.Ms'ku }kjk rS;kj n{krk fxzM ds vk/kkj ij rS;kj fd;s x;s gSaA ¼n{krk fxzM layXud 1½ ,l-,l-vkj-ih-& fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds vf/kxe Lrj dk vkdyu v/;k;2 vkdyu lIrkg pwafd Lrj vkdyu esa f'k{kdksa dks 4&5 fnu dk le; yx ldrk gSA blfy, os ,d lIrkg dks vkdyu lIrkg ds :i esa Hkh vk;ksftr dj ldrs gSaA ftlesa vkdyu ds lkFk cPpksa ds lkFk vU; xfrfof/k;ka vk;ksftr dh tk ldrh gSa rkfd cPpksa dks ijh{kk tSlk eglwl uk gksA blds fy, f'k{kd r; dj ldrs gSa fd ,d fnu esa ,d gh fo"k; dk isij ysa vkSj ckdh le; esa cPpksa ds lkFk dqN euksjatu [ksy] dgkuh fnol] cky lHkk] fp= izfr;ksfxrk vkfn dk vk;kstu fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;g uk dsoy cPpksa ds vkdyu dks lgt rjhds ls djus esa enn djsxk cfYd mudh mifLFkfr dks c<kus esa Hkh ennxkj gksxkA fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 17
  • 20. v/;k;2 loZizFke lHkh fo|kFkhZ fgUnh] vaxzsth] xf.kr vkSj i;kZoj.k v/;;u dk isij djrs gSaA tks fo|kFkhZ i;kZoj.k v/;;u ds isij esa Lrj 2 esa fn, x, lokyksa esa 80 izfr'kr ;k mlls vf/kd lgh dj ikrs gSa] mUgha cPPkksa dks foKku dk isij djus ds fy, fn;k tkrk gSA vxj mlls de fo|kFkhZ lgh djrs gSa rks mUgsa foKku dk isij ugha djuk gksrkA izR;sd isij bl izdkj rS;kj fd;k x;k gS fd ,d isij dks djus esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks vf/kdre 2 ls 3 ?k.Vs dk le; yxrk gSA bl izdkj lHkh fo"k;ksa ds isij djus esa 4&5 fnu dk le; yx ldrk gSA vkdyu djrs le; fuEu ckrksa dks /;ku esa j[kk tkuk pkfg,& 1- vkdyu ls igys& 1-1 ;g lqfuf'pr djuk pkfg;s fd vkdyu ds fnu d{kk 9 ds lHkh fo|kFkhZ mifLFkr gksaA blds fy, fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks iwoZ esa gh lwfpr dj nsuk pkfg, rkfd lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds Lrj dk irk fd;k tk ldsA 1-2 vkdyu ls igys iz/kkuk/;kid vkSj f'k{kd leqnk; ,oa vfHkHkkodksa ds lkFk Hkh vko';d:i ls cSBd dj ysa rkfd bl dk;ZØe esa mudh enn dks lqfuf'pr fd;k tk ldsA cSBd ds nkSjku vfHkHkkodksa dks mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds ckjs esa crk;k tk ldrk gSA lkFk gh muls ;g vkxzg fd;k tk ldrk gS fd os fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks fu;fer Ldwy HkstsaA 1-3 vkdyu ls igys fo|ky; izcU/ku ,oa fodkl lfefr ¼,l-,e-Mh-lh-½ dh cSBd vk;ksftr dj muls Hkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh mifLFkfr dks lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, dgk tk ldrk gSA 1-1 vkdyu ls igys ;g lqfuf'pr dj ysuk pkfg, fd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh la[;k ds vuqlkj vkdyu isij] Ldksfjax 'khV vkfn miyC/k gksA 1-2 izR;sd ukekafdr fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks ,d vyx igpku nh tkrh gSA blds fy;s ,d ekLVj lwph igys ls rS;kj dj ysa] ftlesa izR;sd fo|kFkhZ ds fy;s ;wuhd vkbZMh bl izdkj gksxk(Udbhav/State Eg. UP/District Eg. Hardoi/U-DICE code/ Class/ Student Initial/Sl No 2- vkdyu ds nkSjku& izLrkfor pj.k 2-1 vkdyu ds Øe esa lcls igys i;kZoj.k v/;;u dk vkdyu djsaA tks fo|kFkhZ i;kZoj.k v/;;u] Lrj 2 ds isij esa 80 izfr'kr vad izkIr djrs gSa] mUgha cPPkksa dks foKku ,oa lkekftd foKku dk isij djus ds fy, fn;k tkrk gSA i;kZoj.k v/;;u ds isij ds fo'ys"k.k ds vk/kkj ij mu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks NkaV ysa] ftudk foKku ,oa lkekftd foKku dk isij fy;k tkuk gSA 2-2 blds ckn fgUnh] xf.kr ,oa vaxzsth dk vkdyu dj ysaA lcls vUr esa foKku fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 18
  • 21. v/;k;2 ,oa lkekftd fOkKku dk isij fy;k tk ldrk gSA /;ku j[kus ;ksX; ckrsa pwafd ;g vkdyu ,d ls vf/kd fnu Hkh py ldrk gS blfy, ;g t:j /;ku j[kk tk;s fd mifLFkr fo|kFkhZ izR;sd fo"k; ds vkdyu esa 'kkfey gksaA vkdyu ds nkSjku ;g lqfuf'pr dj ysa fd vkdyu isij esa fo|kFkhZ dh izksQkby ls lEcfU/kr tkudkjh izR;sd fo|kFkhZ }kjk Hkj nh xbZ gSA vkdyu djrs le; vkdyudrkZ /khes vkSj Li"V :i ls funsZ'k ns] fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks mÙkj nsus ds fy, izksRlkfgr djsaA ysfdu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks bl izdkj dk dksbZ laadsr uk nsa ftlls mUgsa mÙkj ds ckjs esa irk pysA vkdyu lIrkg lHkh fo"k;ksa ds vkdyu ds fy, fu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gSA dksf'k'k ;g dh tk;s fd vkdyu lIrkg esa gh ukekafdr lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk isij fy;k tk ldsA vxj dksbZ cPpk vkdyu lIrkg ds nkSjku vuqifLFkr jgrk gS rks ckn esa vkdyu isij nsdj vkdyu uk djsaA mudk vkdyu f'k{kd vius Lrj ij dj ysa rFkk mlds vk/kkj ij mUgsa Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi rFkk vU; xfrfof/k;ksa esa 'kkfey dj ysaA vkdyu lIrkg ds nkSjku vuqifLFkr jgus okys fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds uke Ldksfjax 'khV esa 'kkfey ugha fd;s tkus gSaA vkdyu ds nkSjku fo"k;okj funsZ'k 2-7 fgUnh@vaxzsth ds fy, fgUnh@vaxzsth esa i<++us vkSj fy[kus nksuksa dh n{krkvksa dk vkdyu fd;k tkuk gSA vkdyu ds rhu fgLls gSa A izLrkfor pj.k 2-7-1 igyk fgLlk dsoy iBu ds fy, gS ftlesa fn, x, 'kCnksa@ okD;ksa dks fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ls i<++okuk gSA ;g fgLlk izR;sd fo|kFkhZ ds lkFk vyx&vyx fd;k tkuk gSA blds fy, vkdyudrkZ ,d&,d djds fo|kFkhZ dks cqyk;sa vkSj muls i<++us dks dgsa rFkk mls vius fjdkMZ ds fy;s fy[k ysaA ;fn dksbZ cPpk fdlh 'kCn ij vVd jgk gks rks vkdyudrkZ mls FkksM+k le; nsA vxj og rc Hkh ugha i<++ ik;s rks mls vxyk “kCn@okD; i<++us ds fy, dgsaaA 2-7-2 nwljk fgLlk og gS ftlesa vkdyudrkZ dh enn ls fo|kFkhZ dke djsaxsa tSls& Jqfrys[k dk dkeA blds fy, vkdyudrkZ lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks ,d lkFk cSBk nsa rFkk /kheh xfr ds lkFk 'kCnksa@okD;ksa dk Li"V :i ls mPpkj.k djsa rkfd fo|kFkhZ mls vkjke ls fy[k ldsaA blds fy;s d{kk fujh{kd dks vyx ls funsZ'k i`"B fn;k tk;sxkA 2-7-3 rhljk fgLlk og gS ftlesa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks Lo;a i<++dj iz'uksa ds tokc nsus gSaA blds fy, vkdyudrkZ fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks Lo;a i<++dj mÙkj iqfLrdk esa fy[kus dks dgsaaA fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 19
  • 22. 2-8 xf.kr@i;kZoj.k v/;;u@foKku ds fy, izLrkfor pj.k 2-8-1 vkdyudrkZ isij fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks ns nsa vkSj ogka fn;s x;s funsZ'k le>k nsaA isij esa fn, x, funsZ'k fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks ns nsaA bu isijksa esa vf/kdrj iz'u cgqfodYih; ¼,d ls vf/kd fodYi okys½ gSa] ftuesa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks ;k rks lgh dk fu'kku vFkok xksyk yxkuk gSA 2-8-2 igys fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks i;kZoj.k v/;;u dk isij djus nsaA foKku dk isij mUgha fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks djus ds fy, nsa ftUgksus i;kZoj.k v/;;u dk isij gy fd;k gks vkSj Lrj 2 esa 80 izfr'kr vad izkIr fd;s gksaA 3-1 vkdyu isijksa dh tkap ds fy, funsZ'k& 3-1-1 izR;sd vkdyu isij dh tkap ds nkSjku fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks muesa vad fn;s tk;saxsaA lgh gy djus ij iwoZ fu/kkZfjr vad rFkk xyr djus ij 'kwU; vad fn;k tk;sxkA vkaf'kd lgh gksus ij Hkh vad dk izko/kku gSA vkdyudrkZ lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds isijksa dks tkapdj Ldksfjax 'khV esa muds vadksa dks HkjsaxsA blds ckn izR;sd Ldwy dh Ldksfjax 'khV ds vk/kkj ij lesfdr 'khV rS;kj dh tk;sxh rFkk fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds }kjk izkIr vadksa dk fo'ys"k.k fd;k tk;sxkA /;ku j[kus dh ckrsa vkdyu ds nkSjku ftu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks i<++us@fy[kus esa fnDdr gks vkSj vxj os vkdyudrkZ ls enn ekaxsa rks vkdyudrkZ mUgsa iz'u i<++dj lquk ldrk gS ysfdu ;g /;ku j[ksa fd mUgsa mRrj dk dksbZ ladsr uk nsaA ;g dke izR;sd fo|kFkhZ ds ikl tkdj fd;k tkuk gSA iwjh d{kk dks isij i<++dj ugha lquk;k tkuk gSA vkdyu ds ckn vkdyu iwjk gksus ds ckn vkdyudrkZ lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ls isij ys ysa vkSj ;g ns[k ysa fd ftrus fo|kFkhZ mifLFkr Fks mruh la[;k esa isij vk x;s gSa ;k ughaA 3-1-2 fo|kfFkZ;ksaa }kjk izkIr fd;s x;s vadksa ds vkk/kkj ij mudk Lrj fu/kkZj.k fd;k tk;sxkA Lrj fu/kkZj.k ds fy, fuEufyf[kr rjhdk dke esa fy;k tkuk gS& 3-1-2-1 ;fn dksbZ cPpk rhuksa Lrjksa esa 80 izfr'kr ;k mlls vf/kd vad izkIr djrk gS rks og Lrj 3 ikj dj pqdk gS vFkkZr~ og d{kk 8 ds led{k ;k mlls vf/kd ds Lrj ij gSA 3-1-2-2 ;fn dksbZ cPpk Lrj 1 esa 79 izfr'kr vad izkIr djrk gS rks og Lrj 1 ¼d{kk 3½ ij gksxkA vkSj ;fn dksbZ cPpk Lrj 1 esa 80 izfr'kr vad izkIr djrk gS rks og Lrj 2 ¼d{kk 5½ esa igqap tk;sxkA fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 20 v/;k;2
  • 23. 3-1-3 fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds isijksa dks ns[kdj vkdyudrkZ dks 'khV esa ;g Hkh Hkjuk gksxk fd fo|kFkhZ izR;sd fo"k; esa fdl d{kk ;k Lrj rd igqap pqds gSaA 4- vkdyu ds ifj.kkeksa dk mi;ksx& 4-1 f'k{kd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks muds Lrj ds vk/kkj ij lewg esa ckaV ysa rkfd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh enn muds Lrj ds vuqlkj dh tk ldsA 4-2 f'k{kd mu fo"k;ksa ij T;knk /;ku nsa ftuesa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks vf/kd enn dh t:jr gS tSls vxj fo|kFkhZ Lrj 1 ij gh gSa rks t:jh gS fd fgUnh vkSj xf.kr ij vf/kd le; fn;k tk;sA 4-3 iz/kkuk/;kid rFkk f'k{kd bu ifj.kkeksa dks leqnk; rFkk vfHkHkkodksa ls Hkh 'ks;j dj ldrs gSa rFkk muls fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks fu;fer Ldwy Hkstus rFkk ?kj ij i<++kbZ eas enn djus ds ckjs esa ckr dj ldrs gSaA 4-4 fo|ky; izcU/ku ,oa fodkl lfefr ¼,l-,e-Mh-lh-½ Hkh bu ifj.kkeksa ds vk/kkj ij fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh izxfr dk vkdyu dj ldrh gSA lkFk gh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh fu;ferrk dks lqfuf'pr djus esa f'k{kdksasa dh enn dj ldrh gSA 4-5 fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds vkdyu ds ifj.keksa dks lk>k djus esa laosnu'khyrk cjrsa vkSj ;g fo'ks"k /;ku j[ksa fd fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa fdlh izdkj dh ghu Hkkouk ugha mRiUu gksA lkFk dgha mu ij i<+kbZ esa ihNs gksus dk yscy u yx tk;sA 4-6 izk/kkuk/;kid bl vkdyu ds ifj.kkeksa ds vk/kkj ij fo|ky; dk Lo ewY;kadu dj ldrs gSa vkSj fo|ky; ds fy;s vkxkeh o"kZ dh izkFkfedrk;sa r; dj ldrs gSaA lHkh fo"k;ksa ds vkdyu isij] Ldksfjax 'khV ,oa MkVk izi= izf'k{k.k ds nkSjku miyC/k djk, tk,¡xs v/;k;2 fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 21
  • 24. Ekk/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe ¼,l-,l-vkj-ih-½ pj.kksa esa fØ;kfUor fd;k tkus okyk dk;ZØe gS ftldk gj ,d pj.k leku :i ls egRoiw.kZ gSaA blfy;s izR;sd pj.k dks Bhd ls le>uk vko';d gSA blfy;s ,l v/;k; esa izR;sd pj.k ds mÌs'; vkSj ml nkSjku dh tkus okyh xfrfof?k;ksa ds ckjs esa foLrkj ls crk;k x;k gSA Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ds fy, lewg fu/kkZj.k& vkdyu ds ckn d{kk 9 ds fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds vf/kdre pkj Lrj gks ldrs gSa& lewg 1& ftlesa Lrj 1 ds fo|kFkhZ gSaA lewg 2& ftlesa Lrj 2 ds fo|kFkhZ gSaA lewg 3& ftlesa Lrj 3 ds fo|kFkhZ gSaA lewg 4 tks fo|kFkhZ Lrj 3 dks ikj dj pqds gSa vFkkZr ftUgksus rhuksa Lrjksa ds isij esa 80 izfr'kr ls vf/kd iz'u lgh fd;s gSaA blds vfrfjDr ;g Hkh lEHko gS fd dksbZ cPpk xf.kr esa lewg 1 esa gks tcfd ogh cPpk fgUnh esa lewg 2 esa gksA vFkok fgUnh ,oa xf.kr esa dksbZ cPpk lewg 2 esa gks vkSj vaxzsth esa lewg 1 esa gksA blds vfrfjDr izR;sd lewg ds vUrxZr Hkh fofHkUu Lrj ds fo|kFkhZ gks ldrs gSaA v/;k;3 Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi] lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe pj.k rFkk lekiu dSEi Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ds nkSjku lewg 3 ds cPpksa dks vf/kdrj le; fcuk f'{kd dh enn ds Lo;a gh dke djuk gksxk D;ksafd f'k{kd viuk vf/kd le; lewg 1 ,oa lewg 2 ds cPpksa ds lkFk nsxsaA ,slh fLFkfr esa f'k{kd lewg 3 ds lkFk fuEufyf[kr dkeksa dh ;kstuk cuk ldrs gSa& l cPpksa dks dqN vo/kkj.kkvksa dh iqujko`fRr dk dke fn;k tk ldrk gSA ;g dke ikB~;iqLrd ij vk/kkfjr gks ldrk gS vFkok mudh uksVcqd esa Hkh os ;g vH;kl dj ldrs gSaA l mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds nkSjku fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, vH;kl iqfLrdk miyC/k djkbZ xbZ gSaA cPps Lo;a mudks i<++dj dke dj ldrs gSaA l fo|kfFkZ;k dks dksbZ izkstsDV oØ fn;k tk ldrk gS ftls os lewgksa esa dj ldrs gSaA l cPps lewg 1 ,oa lewg 2 ds cPpksa dh lh[kus esa enn Hkh dj ldrs gSaA fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 22
  • 25. v/;k;3 bl izdkj ;g lEHko gS fd fo|kfFk;Z kaas ds fofHkUu Lrj gkAsa ,d f'k{kd ds fy, brus Lrjk@as legw kas ds lkFk dke djuk efq 'dy gks ldrk gAS ,ls h fLFkfr eas f'k{kd fo|kfFk;Z kaas ds rhu legw cuk yAas igys legw eas Lrj 1 ¼d{kk 3 ls de Lrj½ ds fo|kFkhZ gks ldrs gAaS nlw js legw eas Lrj 2 ¼d{kk 5 ls de Lrj½ ds fo|kFkhZ gks ldrs gAaS vkjS rhljs legw eas Lrj 3 rFkk mlls Åij ds fo|kFkhZ gks ldrs gAaS ;gka ;g Hkh /;ku j[kk tkuk t:jh gS fd fo|kfFk;Z kaas ds fo"k; okj legw cuk;s tkus gaS vkjS muds lkFk vyx&vyx fo"k;kas eas vyx&vyx gh dke gkxs kA 1- Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi& Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi eq[; :i ls mu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds fy, pyk;k tkrk gS ftuds uhao dks etcwr djus dh vko';drk gS] vFkkZr~ vkdyu ds nkSjku tks fo|kFkhZ Lrj 1 ¼d{kk 3½ vkSj Lrj 2 ¼d{kk 5½ esa vkrs gSaA Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi dk mn~ns'; gS fd lHkh fo|kFkhZ Lrj 2 dks ikj dj ysa vFkkZr~ d{kk 5 rd dh n{krk;sa izkIr dj ysaA Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dqy 72 ?k.Vs dke fd;k tkuk gSA ;g 18 fnu pysxk rFkk izfrfnu 4 ?k.Vs dke fd;k tk;sxkA brus de le; esa ;g lEHko ugha gS fd d{kk 5 rd dh lHkh n{krkvksa ij dke fd;k tk ldsA blhfy, Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ds fy, dqN ewyHkwr n{krkvksa dks fpfg~ur fd;k x;k gS ftu ij dke fd;k tkuk gSA ;s os n{krk;sa gSa ftuds vk/kkj ij fo|kFkhZ vkxs dh d{kkvksa ds dke dks vklkuh ls dj ldrs gSaA bl izdkj Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ds fy, lewg fu/kkZj.k esa fuEu izfØ;k viukbZ tk ldrh gS& 1-1 izLrkfor pj.k 1-1-1 lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk Lrj vkdyu dj ysa rFkk muds }kjk fd, x, dke ds vk/kkj ij Åij crk;s x;s pkj esa ls fdlh ,d lewg esa mUgsa j[ksaA 1-1-2 Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi esa eq[; Qksdl Lrj 1 vkSj Lrj 2 ds fo|kFkhZ gksrs gSaA blhfy, lewg 1 vkSj lewg 2 ds fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds vykok vU; lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk ,d lewg 3 cuk nsaA 1-1-3 lewg 1 ,oa 2 ds lkFk f'k{kd iwjs le; dke djsa rFkk lewg 3 dks bl izdkj dk dke fn;k tk ldrk gS ftls os fcuk f'k{kd dh enn ds Hkh dj ldsaA ;g dke iwoZ esa lh[ks gq, dk vH;kl Hkh gks ldrk gSA 1-1-4 lewg 1 ,oa 2 dks fo"k;okj cuk;k tkuk pkfg, rkfd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds Lrj ds vuqlkj gh muds lkFk f'k{k.k gks ldsA vFkkZr~ dksbZ cPpk xf.kr esa lewg 1 esa gks ldrk gS ysfdu fgUnh esa og lewg 2 esa gks ldrk gSA fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 23
  • 26. 1-1-5 vxj fdlh fo"k; esa Lrj 1 esa fo|kFkhZ gh ugha gksa rks mlds fy, vyx ls lewg cukus dh t:jr ugha gSA tSls vxj fgUnh esa lHkh fo|kFkhZ Lrj 2 ij vkrs gSa rks fgUnh ds fy, Lrj 1 dk lewg cukus dh vk';drk ugha gSA 1-2 fo"k;okj le; foHkktu& Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dqy 72 ?k.Vs dke fd;k tkuk gS] ftlesa Qksdl Lrj 1 ,oa 2 ds fo|kFkhZ gksxsaA bu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk pkj fo"k;ksa ¼fgUnh] vaxzsth] xf.kr vkSj i;kZoj.k v/;;u½ dk dke gksxkA dSEi ds nkSjku izfrfnu lHkh fo"k;ksa ij dke fd;k tkuk pkkfg,A uhps fo"k;okj izfrfnu fn, tkus okys le; dh ,d lEHkkfor :ijs[kk nh xbZ gS ysfdu Lrj vkdyu ds ifj.kkeksa ds vk/kkj ij f'k{kdr; dj ldrs gSa fd os Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi esa fdu fo"k;ksa ij T;knk le; nsuk pkgrs gSa& fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds dqy lewgksa ds vk/kkj ij Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ds 18 fnuksa dh le; lkj.kh r; dh tk ldrh gSA /;ku j[kus dh ckrsa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh la[;k ds vk/kkj ij Lrj 1 vkSj 2 dks feykdj Hkh dke fd;k tk ldrk gSA vFkkZr~ vxj fdlh Lrj esa cgqr de fo|kFkhZ ¼5&7 fo|kFkhZ½ gSa rks mUgsa nwljs lewg ds lkFk cSBkdj dke dj ldrs gSaA f'k{kdLrj vkdyu ds ifj.kkeksa rFkk Ldwy dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds vk/kkj ij lewgksa ds fu/kkZj.k ds ckjs esa r; dj ldrs gSaA egRoiw.kZ ;s gS fd Lrj 1 ,oa Lrj 2 ds fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi esa fd;s tkus okys dke dk Qk;nk fey lds vkSj os visf{kr izxfr dj ldsaA Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ds nkSjku ;g /;ku j[kk tkuk pkfg, fd fdlh Hkh lewg esa 40 ls vf/kd fo|kFkhZ uk gksaA D;ksafd vf/kd fo|kFkhZ gksus ij izR;sd fo|kFkhZ ds Lrj rFkk mldh izxfr dks ns[k ikuk eqf'dy gksrk gSA gks ldrk gS fdlh Lrj esa 40 ls vf/kd fo|kFkhZ gksa rks ml Lrj ds fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds ,d ls vf/kd lewg cuk;s tk ldrs gSaA tSls& vxj Lrj 1 esa 60 fo|kFkhZ gksa rks 30&30 fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds nks lewg cuk;s tk ldrs gSaA fo"k; izfrfnu fn;k tkus okyk le; 18 fnuksa esa fn;k tkus okyk dqy le; fgUnh 1 ?k.Vk 18 ?k.Vs xf.kr 1 ?k.Vk 18 ?k.Vs vaxzsth 1 ?k.Vk 18 ?k.Vs i;kZoj.k v/;;u 1 ?k.Vk 18 ?k.Vs dqy le; 4 ?k.Vs 72 ?k.Vs fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 24 v/;k;3
  • 27. 1-3 Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ds vUr esa fodflr dh tkus okyh dqN ewyHkwr visf{kr n{krk;sa Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ds vUr esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa esa fodflr gksus okyh Lrjokj dqN ewyHkwr visf{kr n{krkvksa ds ckjs esa layXud 1 esa fn;k x;k gSA f'k{kd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds orZeku Lrj dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, bl izdkj ;kstuk cuk;sa fd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa esa bu n{krkvksa dk fodkl gks ldsA blds fy, ;g vko';dgS fd f'k{kd Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ds izkjEHk esa gh izR;sd fo|kFkhZ dh ,d izksQkby cuk ysa rFkk mlds vk/kkj ij muds fy, y{; Hkh r; dj ysaA blls f'k{kd dks fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk izfrfnu dh dke dh ;kstuk cukus esa vklkuh gksxhA 1-4 lHkh izf'k{k.kksa dk vk;kstu djuk vkSj mlesa of.kZr xfrfof/k;ksa dks dk;ZØe ds mÌs'; vkSj lksp ds vuq:i fØ;kfUor djuk gksxkA 2- lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe dk pj.k& Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi iwjk djus ds ckn visf{kr ;g gS fd fo|kFkhZ d{kk 5 dh dqN ewyHkwr n{krkvksasa dks lh[k ldsaA bl pj.k dk mn~ns'; gS fd fo|kFkhZ d{kk 8 rd dh dqN ewyHkwr n{krkvksasa dks izkIr dj ldsaA bl pj.k esa rhu fo"k;ksa& xf.kr] vaxzsth vkSj foKku ij dke fd;k tk;sxkA bl pj.k dh vof/k 45 fnu dh gksrh gS] ftlesa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk izfrfnu 2 ?k.Vs 15 feuV ,oa dqy 102 ?k.Vs dke fd;k tk;sxkA f'k{kd izR;sd fo"k; ij 45 feuV fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke djsxsaA lkFk gh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks blds lkFk Lo;a ls djus ds fy, vH;kl fn, tk ldrs gSaA bl Lrj ds fy, fo"k;okj foHkktu bl izdkj gks ldrk gSA ysfdu Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi esa fd, x, dke vkSj fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds Lrj dks ns[krs gq, f'k{kd fo"k;kuqlkj bls de&T;knk Hkh dj ldrs gSaA ysfdu bl pj.k esa dqy 102 ?k.Vs fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke gksuk t:jh gSA 2-1 bl Lrj ds fy, vko';d gS fd f'k{kd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks Lo;a lh[kus ds vf/kd ls vf/kd ekSds nsaA f'k{kd enndrkZ ds :i esa mUgsa vkxs lh[kus vFkok mudh dfBukbZ;ksa dks le>dj mUgsa nwj djus dk iz;kl djsaA bl pj.k ds vUr esa visf{kr gS fd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa esa Lrj 3 ¼d{kk 8½ rd dh dqN ewyHkwr n{krkvksa vk tk;saA fodflr dh tkus okyh dqN ewyHkwr visf{kr n{krkvksa dh lwph layXud 1 esa nh xbZ gSaA 2-2 bl pj.k ds nkSjku fn;s tkus okys le; dk fooj.k fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 25 v/;k;3
  • 28. 3- dalkfyMs'ku dSEi ¼lekiu dSEi½ lekiu dSEi esa vis{kk ;g gksrh gS fd ;gka rd vkrs&vkrs fo|kFkhZ d{kk 8 rd dh dqN ewyHkwr n{krkvksa dks izkIr dj pqds gksrs gSa vkSj vc os d{kk 9 esa dke djus ds fy, rS;kj gSaA blesa Hkh dsoy rhu fo"k;ksa ij dke gksrk gS& xf.kr] vaxzsth vkSj foKkuA lekiu dSEi Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi vkSj lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe ds pj.k ds lQyrkiwoZd iwjk djus ds ckn vk;ksftr gksrk gSA ;g dSEi 6 fnu ds fy, vk;ksftr fd;k tkrk gSA blesa izR;sd fnu 2 ?k.Vs 15 feuV dke fd;k tkrk gSA bl izdkj bl pj.k esa dqy 13 ?k.Vs fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke gksrk gSA lekiu dSEi gsrq iwoZ fu/kkZfjr ikB~;Øe ugha gS fdUrq blesa fd;s tkusokys dke dh :ijs[kk rS;kj djuh gksxhA bl pj.k esa fdu igywvksa ij dke fd;k tk;s& ;g Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi vkSj lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe ds pj.k esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa }kjk fd, x, dke rFkk mlds vkdyu ds vk/kkj ij r; fd;k tk;sxkA ;gka lq>ko ;g gksxk fd f'k{kd lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe ds pj.k dh lekfIr ij fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk vkdyu djsa rFkk ppkZ djds d{kk 9 ds ikB~;Øe esa dfBu yx jgh vo/kkj.kvksa dh lwph ds vk/kkj ij lekiu dSEi dh ;kstuk cuk;saA lekiu dSEi esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks dqN vH;kl vk/kkfjr dke fn, tkrs gSa vkSj bl fo"k; izfrfnu fn;k tkus okyk le; 45 fnuksa esa fn;k tkus okyk dqy le; xf.kr 45 feuV 34 ?k.Vs vaxzsth 45 feuV 34 ?k.Vs foKku 45 feuV 34 ?k.Vs dqy le; 2 ?k.Vs 15 feuV 102 ?k.Vs fo"k; izfrfnu fn;k tkus okyk le; 6 fnuksa esa fn;k tkus okyk dqy le; xf.kr 45 feuV 4-5 ?k.Vs vaxzsth 45 feuV 4-5 ?k.Vs foKku 45 feuV 4-5 ?k.Vs dqy le; 2 ?k.Vs 15 feuV 13 ?k.Vs fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 26 v/;k;3
  • 29. izdkj mUgsa d{kk 9 dh ikB~;iqLrd ds lkFk dke djus ds fy, rS;kj fd;k tkrk gSA bl dSEi esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk f'k{kd lg;ksx bdkbZ rFkk f'k{kkFkhZ Lovf/kxe bdkbZ;ksa dks Hkh dke esa fy;k tk ldrk gSA blds vfrfjDr dqN vH;kl i=d Hkh rS;kj fd;s tk ldrs gSa vkSj lewg xfrfof/k;ka Hkh djkbZ tk ldrh gSaA v/;k;3 fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 27
  • 30. mn~Hko dk;ZØe dk eq[; mís'; fo|kfFkZ;ksaa esa muds d{kk ds Lrj dh n{krkvksa dk fodkl djuk gSA bl mís'; dh izkfIr ,oa ,l-,l-vkj-ih- ds fØ;kUo;u esa lg;ksx ds fy;s f'k{kdks vkSj fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy;s lalk/ku fodflr fd;s x;s gSaA blds vUrxZr ikB;Øe lacfU/kr fo"k;ksa ds fo'ks"kKksa dh Hkh igpku gksuh gS] tks jkT; lalk/ku dsUnz ls tqM+s gksxsA blds lkFk dk;ZØe ds lkef;d iqujkoyksdu dk izko/kku Hkh gS tks dk;ZØe dks izHkko'kkyh cukus es enn feysxhA 1- fo"k; ,oa Lrjokj n{krkvksa dh lwph Lrj 1 ¼d{kk 3 rd dh dqN ewyHkwr n{krk;sa½] Lrj 2 ¼d{kk 5 rd dh dqN ewyHkwr n{krk;sa½] Lrj 3 ¼d{kk 8 rd dh dqN ewyHkwr n{krk;sasa½ ds fy, ;s lwph layXud 1 esa nh xbZ gSA v/;k;4 mn~Hko& f'k{k.k vf/kxe laca/kh lalk/ku f'k{kd ekxZnf'kZdk& fgUnh ¼fnol 4½ xfrfof/k dk uke & okD;ksa dks i<++uk vkSj fy[kuk mn~ns'; & okD;kssa dks i<++us vkSj fy[kus dk vH;kl le;kof/k & 45 feuV lkexzh & i<++us ds vH;kl ds fy, ikB@dgkuh dh fdrkc] dk;Z iqfLrdk djus dk rjhdk l tSlk fd Åij crk;k x;k gS fd f'k{kd Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi esa cPpksa dks vf/kd ls vf/kd i<++us ds ekSds nsaA cPpksa dks ikB~;iqLrd esa fn, x, okD;ksa dks i<++us ds fy, dg ldrs gSaA mUgsa iqLrdky; esa miyC/k vU; fdrkcksa esa ls Hkh i<++us ds vH;kl ds fy, dgk tk ldrk gSA cPpksa ds lkFk lewg esa i<++us ds fy, dgk tk ldrk gS vFkok mUgsa LorU= :i ls i<++us ds fy, Hkh dgk tk ldrk gSA l dk;Z iqfLrdk esa Hkh okD;ksa dks i<++us ds vH;kl ds fy, oØ'khV nh xbZ gSA vU; lkexzh ds lkFk f'k{kd cPpksa dks oØ'khV ^^okD; i<++ks** dks i<++us ds fy, Hkh nsaA f'k{kd bu okD;ksa dks cPpksa ls dkih esa fy[kus ds fy, Hkh dg ldrs gSaA l oØ'khV ^^'kCnksa dks lgh Øe esa tekdj okD; fy[kks** esa vO;ofLFkr :i esa 'kCnksa dks fn;k x;k gSA bUgsa Øe esa tekdj okD; dks iqu% fy[kk tkuk gSA f'k{kd bl oØ'khV ij cPpksa ls dke djus dks dgsaA cPps tc viuk dke dj ysa rks f'k{kd bls tkapdj cPpksa dks QhMcSd vo'; nsaA fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 28
  • 31. 2- Lrj vkdyu ds fo"k;okj isij& fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk Lrj irk djus ds fy, lHkh fo"k;ksa ¼fgUnh] xf.kr] vaxzsth] i;kZoj.k v/;;u] foKku ,oa lkekftd Kku½ esa Lrj vkdyu isij rS;kj fd, x, gSaA buds ek/;e ls f'k{kd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk Lrj irk dj mudk lewg fu/kkZj.k dj ldrs gSaA 3- ,l-,l-vkj-ih- fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk& ;g lanf'kZdk bl dk;ZØe ds fØ;kUo;u ds ckjs esa crkrh gSA ;g lanf'kZdk dk;ZØe ds fØ;kUo;u dk rjhdk] fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk Lrj vkdyu vkSj lewg cukus fof/k;ka] xfrfof/k;ka o muds fØ;kUo;u ds rjhds ds ckjs esa foLrkj ls crkrh gSA 4- izf'k{kdksa ds {kerko/kZu ds fy;s lanf'kZdk& ;g lanf'kZdk ewyr% mnHko ls tqM+s lg;ksfx;ksa o izf'k{kdksa ds {kerko/kZu dks /;ku esa j[k dj cuk;h xbZ gSA ;s blds vUrxZr lg;ksfx;ksa ds izf'k{k.k ds fo"k;ksa vkSj lapkyu ds rjhdksa dks foLrkj ls crkrha gSaA 5- mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds fy, miyC/k f'k{k.k vf/kxe lalk/ku&f'k{kd mn~Hko dk;ZØe dk csgrj rjhds ls fØ;kUo;u dj ldsa& blds fy, vko';d lkexzh dh ,d fdV rS;kj dh xbZ gSA bl fdV esa fuEufyf[kr lkexzh miyC/k gksxh& 5-1 f'k{kd ekxZnf'kZdk& Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi ,oa lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe ds pj.k esa fd, tkusokys dke ds fy, fgUnh] xf.kr] vaxzsth] i;kZoj.k v/;;u] lkekU; foKku fo"k;ksa esa f'k{kd lanf'kZdk rS;kj dh xbZ gS] tks Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi esa fo"k;okj fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk fd;s tkusokys xfrfof/k;ksa ds ckjs esa crkrh gSaA 5-2 fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, vH;kl iqfLrdk& ;g Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi rFkk lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe pj.k esa dke djus ds fy, rS;kj dh xbZ gSA ;g fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds dke djus ds fy, gSA ;g vH;kl iqfLrdk fgUnh] xf.kr] vaxzsth i;kZoj.k v/;;u fo"k;ksa esa rS;kj dh xbZ gSA blesa vH;kl i=dksa ds ek/;e ls fo|kFkhZ fofHkUu vo/kkj.kkvksa ij dke dj ldsaxsaA 5-3 f'k{kkFkhZ Lo vf/kxe bdkbZ ,oa f'k{kd lg;ksx bdkbZ& xf.kr] vaxzsth rFkk foKku esa fofHkUu vo/kkj.kkvksa dks le>us rFkk fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke djus esa enn ds fy, fo|kFkhZ Lo vf/kxe ,oa f'k{kd lg;ksx bdkbZ fodflr dh xbZ gSaA buesa vf/kdrj vo/kkj.kk;sa os gSa tks fd d{kk 9 ,oa 10 esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks fl[kkbZ tkrh gSaA ;s lkexzh uk dsoy mn~Hko dk;ZØe esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds fy, lgk;d gS cfYd mu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk Hkh dke esa yh tk ldrh gS] ftudk Lrj d{kk 9 ,oa 10 dk gSA 6 vU; lgk;d lkexzh& blds vfrfjDr dk;ZØe ds csgrj lapkyu ds fy, ;g v/;k;4 fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 29
  • 32. vko';dgS fd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks fo"k;okj vU; lkexzh tSls& d{kk 1 ls 8 rd dh ikB~;iqLrdsa] dgkuh dh fdrkcsa] i<++us ds fy, vU; fdrkcsa] v/;k;4 fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 30 fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, vH;kl iqfLrdk 'kCnksa dks lgh Øe esa tekdj okD; fy[kks& ukprk @ gS @ taxy @ eksj @ esa nkSM+ @ ?kksM+k @ gS @ jgk esjh @ ;g @ gS @ isfUly gS @ ?kkl @ xk; @ [kkrh Qy@cktkj@eksgu@yk;k@ls eVds@dkS,@ls@ikuh@us@fi;k
  • 33. 1- fo'okl ,oa ekU;rk;sa fdlh Hkh dk;Z dk lgh ;k xyr gksus dk QSlyk ge viuh ekU;rk ds vk/kkj ij gh djrs gSaA bl fy;s gekjs lHkh dk;Z gekjh ekU;rkvksa vkSj mlls tqM+s fo'okl ij gh vk/kkfjr gksrha gSa] tks u flQZ gesa cfYd gekjs vkl&ikl ds yksaxksa ij Hkh izHkko Mkyrk gSaA ekU;rkvksa ds cuus esa dbZ lkjs dkjdks dh Hkwfedk gksrh gS ijUrq viuh f'k{kk] tkudkjh] ifjos'k vge gSaA lekt esa izpfyr T;knkrj ekU;rkvksa dks ge fcuk T;knk ij[k fd;s gh eku ysrs gSaA bl v/;k; esa mu fo'okl ,oa ekU;rkvksa dh ckr djsaxsa tks fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lh[kus dks izHkkfor djrh gSaA ;g t:jh gS fd vki ;gka fn, x, dFkuksa@ekU;rkvksa ij fopkj djsa vkSj lkspus] fopkjus] fo'ys"k.k vkSj ijh{k.k djus ds ckn gh Lohdkj djsaA ekU;rk% ¼d½ fo|kFkhZ eq[;r% d{kk esa gh lh[krs gS okLrfodrk fo|kFkhZ gj oDr lh[krs gSa u fd dsoy d{kkvksa esaA mudk thou lHkh izdkj ds vuqHkoksa ls Hkjk iM+k gSA Ldwyh thou ds vkB lky fcrkus ds ckn os ek/;fed d{kkvksa esa vkrs gSa vkSj muds lkFk gksrk gS& vuqHko dk vlhfer Hk.Mkj] fopkj ,oa jk; vkSj cgqr ls lokyA bu vuqHkoksa] le> ,oa iz'uksa dks viuh d{kk ds lh[kus&fl[kkus dh izfØ;k esa 'kkfey djuk] vkidks lQyrk izkIr djus esa dkQh enn djsxkA ;g fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk ckrphr djus] vius thou ds mnkgj.kksa ls tqM+us vkSj lh[kh xbZ ckrksa dks okLrfod thou dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ykxw djus esa enn djrk gSA ekU;rk% ¼[k½ fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks lwpuk ,oa le> fn, tkus dh t:jr gSA os Lo;a ugha lh[k ldrs okLrfodrk vkius ns[kk gksxk fd bl mez esa fo|kFkhZ cgqr lh phtksa ¼eksckby Qksu vkSj izkS|ksfxdh½ ds iz;ksx ls u;s dkS'ky ,oa n{krkvksa dks Lo;a lh[krs gSaA v/;k;5 lh[kus dk ekgkSy ,oa lkekU; fl)kUr fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 31
  • 34. okLro esa os rsth ls lh[krs gSa tc os Lo;a lkspus dk volj ikrs gSaA mu phtksa dk fo'ys"k.k djds vius fu"d"kZ [kqn cukrs gSaA izk;% fo|ky; esa fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh xfrfof/k i<+us lquus ls gh lacaf/kr gksrk gSA mUgsa ppkZ djus] cgl djus] vius lansg ,oa mRlqdrk dks tkfgj djus ds cgqr de volj gksrs gSaA fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds voyksduksa vkSj fopkjksa dks 'kkfey djds] ,sls okrkoj.k dk fuekZ.k djds tgka os iz'u mBk ldsa vkSj mlds ihNs ds dkj.k ij viuh jk; O;Dr dj ldsa] bR;kfn dqN rjhds gSa ftlls os vPNk lh[k ldrs gSaA mUgsa okLro esa ,slk djus ds fy, fujUrj izksRlkfgr djus dh vk';drk gSA ekU;rk% ¼x½ fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks 'kkar cSBuk pkfg, vkSj /;kuiwoZd O;k[;ku lquus pkfg;sa okLrfodrk fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks ckr djus ,oa nwljksa ls feyus dh vk';drk gSA vkSj muds pkjksa rjQ ,slk okrkoj.k cukus dh vk';drk gS ftlls lwpuk dh izfØ;k muds efLr"d rd igqap ldsA os vdsys viuh le> cukus esa dfBukbZ eglwl dj ldrs gSa ysfdu lewg esa os T;knk lgtrk ls ckr djrs gSa] fofo/k fopkj vkSj fodYiksa ds ckjs esa lk>k djrs gSa& ;s lHkh phtsa mUgsa lh[kus esa enn djrh gSaA blh dkj.k ls d{kk esa lewg dk;Z dks izksRlkfgr djuk ,d vPNk fopkj gSA ekU;rk% ¼?k½ ikB~;iqLrdsa lh[kus dk lcls egRoiw.kZ lzksr gSa okLrfodrk vke ekU;rk gS fd ikB~;iqLrdsa lh[kus ds lcls egRoiw.kZ lzksr gSa ysfdu oLrqr% ikB~;iqLrdsa ek/;fed Lrj ij lh[kus ds fy, lcls egRoiw.kZ lkexzh ugha gSa& okLro esa ;g vkids fy, ,d xkbM gS tks vkidks fdl ij /;ku dsfUnzr djuk gS] bldk p;u djus esa enn djrh gSA ikB~;iqLrdksa ds vykok vU; f'k{k.k vf/kxe lkexzh] iz;ksx'kkyk ds midj.k] pkVZ] iqLrdky; dh iqLrdksa] lekpkj i=ksa] 'kCndks"kksa vkSj vU; lanHkZ iqLrdksa vkSj VsDuksykWth ds Hkh mi;ksx dh vk';drk gSA leqnk; vkSj ifjokj ds vuqHkoksa dk Hkh vPNh rjg ls lh[kus esa bLrseky fd;k tk ldrk gSA v/;k;5 fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 32
  • 35. ekU;rk% ¼p½ vkf[kj os fo|kFkhZ gh rks gSa okLrfodrk f'k{kdksasa dk ;g ekuuk gksrk gS fd ;s rks fo|kFkhZ gSa vkSj muds lkFk blh izdkj ls O;ogkj fd;k tk ldrk gS] ysfdu bl Lrj ij fo|kfFkZ;ksaa us vf/kdkfjd rkSj ij vius cpiu dks iwjk dj fy;k gS vkSj os viuh fd'kksjkoLFkk esa gSaA os viuh igpku fodflr djuk pkgrs gSa vkSj viuh Nfo ds lkFk&lkFk vius vkRelEeku ds ckjs esa cgqr laosnu'khy gksrs gSaA os vius pkjksa vksj dh nqfu;k esa tks xyr gS] mlds ckjs esa viuk vlarks"k O;Dr dj ldrs gSaA os vius lkfFk;ksa ds lewg ds fy, cgqr izfrc) gSa] nwljksa dh ns[kHkky djus ds fy, viuh fpark fn[kkrs gSa vkSj ubZ pqukSfr;ksa vkSj vuqHko ysus esa cgqr mRlkfgr gksrs gSaA ekU;rk% ¼N½ fiNM+s vkSj /kheh xfr ls lh[kus okys fo|kfFkZ;ksa ls vPNh rjg lh[kus dh vis{kk ugha dh tk ldrh okLrfodrk ;g ,d ,slh /kkj.kk gS tks 'kk;n uqdlku dk ,d cgqr cM+k dkj.k gSA ;fn fo'ofo|ky; esa vOoy jgus okys fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks [ksr esa gy tksrus ds fy, dgk tk;s rks og ogka fiNM+k ¼Lyks½ gh lkfcr gksxkA ;fn lHkh iz'kkldksa dks dsoy iw.kZ vaxzsth esa dke djus dh vuqefr nh tk;s rks vf/kdka'k iz'kkld Hkh /khes lh[kusokys ¼Lyks yuZj½ ds :i esa gks ldrs gSaA vly ckr ;g gS fd ;fn ge mu n{krkvksa@rkdrksa dks ugha ns[krs gSa tks ,d O;fDr esa gSa vkSj vuqfpr mEehnksa ds fy, cy nsrs gSa rks blls ml vkneh dh gkfu gksxh vkSj ml ij vuqfpr rjhds ls /khek ;k fiNM+k gksus dk BIik yx tk;sxkA oLrqr% ;s fo|kFkhZ /kheh xfrokys ;k ihNs ugha gSa ysfdu lkekftd&vkfFkZd dkj.kksa ls vFkok Ldwy ds ekgkSy ,oa f'k{k.k fof/k;ksa ds dkj.k os ,sls gks x;s gSaA izR;sd cPpk lh[k ldrk gSa vkSj csgrj izn'kZu Hkh dj ldrk gS vxj mls lgh ekgkSy feysA 2- ek/;fed d{kkvksa esa lh[kuk&fl[kkuk ek/;fed d{kkvksa ds fo|kFkhZ vc cpiu ds nkSj ls ckgj fudy pqds gSaA blhfy, izkjfEHkd f'k{k.k i)fr;ksa dks muds lh[kus&fl[kkus dh izfØ;kvksa esa tl dk rl ykxw ugha fd;k tk ldrkA xfrfof/k vk/kkfjr f'k{k.k ;k :fpiw.kZ f'k{k.k ftldk iz;ksx izkjfEHkd f'k{k.k fof/k;ksa ds vUrxZr gksrk gS] dk vfHkizk; ek/;fed d{kkvksa ds fy, vyx gksxkA bu d{kkvksa esa lh[kus&fl[kkus ds fy, fuEufyf[kr fl)kUrksa dks /;ku esa j[kk tkuk pkfg,& v/;k;5 fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 33
  • 36. 2-1 fpUruiw.kZ lgHkkfxrk djkrs gq, lh[kus ds pØ dks iwjk djuk& bl Lrj ij lh[kus ds fy, tks egRoiw.kZ fl)kUr gS] oks gS& fpUruiw.kZ lgHkkfxrk ¼Reflective Engagement) fpUruiw.kZ lgHkkfxrk djkrs gq, lh[kus ds ,d pØ dks iwjk djuk t:jh gksrk gSA dsoy fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh :fp tkxzr dj nsus ;k mUgsa ppkZ&cgl esa lfØ; dj nsus Hkj ls lh[kus dk visf{kr Lrj gkfly ugha fd;k tk ldrkA blds fy, fuEufyf[kr pØ dks iwjk djuk gksrk gS& 2-1-1 jkspd] pqukSrhiw.kZ vuqHkoksa ls lh[kus dh 'kq:vkr& tc f'k{kd dksbZ jkspd] izklafxd loky ;k tkudkjh izLrqr djrk gS ;k muds Lrj ds fy, ,d mi;qDr pqukSrh mRiUu djrk gS rks fo|kFkhZ mRlkg ls tcko nsrs gSa vkSj dk;Z esa Mwc tkrs gSaA pqukSrh u rks cgqr vklku gks vkSj u gh cgqr dfBuA ;g cl igqap ls FkksM+h nwjh ij gksA rkfd fo|kFkhZ f'k{kd vkSj lanHkZ lkexzh dh lgk;rk ls mls iw.kZ ikus djus dk iz;kl djsaA 2-1-2 fpUru&fo'ys'k.k vkSj vuqiz;ksx djrs gq, lh[kus ds y{;ksa dh vksj c<+uk& gkykafd ;g vkjfEHkd iz;kl vius vki esa pqukSrhiw.kZ vkSj lkspus ds fy, vxzlj djusokyk gS] rks Hkh ;g i;kZIr ugha gSA dsoy Hkkxhnkjh djk nsus ek= ls lh[kuk ugha gksrkA vkxs dh izfØ;k esa fo"k;@VkWfid@lh[kus ds y{; ds lkFk&lkFk fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh i`"BHkwfe@lh[kus ds Lrj ds vuqlkj fpUru&fo'ys"k.k vkSj vuqiz;ksx ds fy, [kqykiu vo'; gksA tgka mfpr ,oa vko';d yxs] ogka f'k{kd O;k[;ku dk mi;ksx dj ldrs gSaA ;k fo|kFkhZ tkudkjh ds vU; lzksrksa dk iz;ksx dj ldrs gSaA ;g fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh t:jrksa ds vuqlkj gksuk pkfg, u fd vupkgs ,oa ,drjQk <ax lsA 2-1-3 lesdu@fu"d"kZ fudkyus esa enn djuk& f'k{kd dks le;&le; ij nksgjkus ;k lesdu djrs jgus dh vk';drk gksrh gSA lesdu djus vkSj orZeku lh[k dks fiNys@Hkfo"; dh lh[k ds lkFk lglaca/k LFkkfir djrs jgus ls lh[kuk yEch vof/k rd pyrk jgrk gS vkSj LFkk;h Hkh gksrk gSA 2-2 lh[kuk lqfuf'pr djuk& fpUruiw.kZ lgHkkfxrk vk/kkfjr lh[kuk lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, vPNh ;kstuk] d{kk laxBu vkSj vkdyu dk gksuk vko';dgSA fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds chp ckrphr] ppkZ ¼izfrfØ;k½ dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, fofo/k rjhds ,oa lkexzh dk mi;ksx ,oa lkFkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ls ckr djus ds ekSds miyC/k djkus gksxsaA lh[kus ds ckjs esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh cu jgh le> vkSj muds }kjk eglwl dh tk jgh pqukSfr;ksa ij dsfUnzr gksuk gksxkA fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh vko';drkvksa dks igpku dj mUgsa enn nsuh gksxh vkSj muds fy, lh[kuk lgt cukuk gksxkA fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 34 v/;k;5
  • 37. 2-3 izHkko'kkyh@HkkoukRed tqM+ko iSnk djuk& bu lc esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds O;fDrRo ds HkkoukRed ;k HkkokRed vk;ke dks /;ku esa j[kk tkuk pkfg,A bl laosnu'khy ,oa tYnh gh izHkkfor gks tkusokyh mez esa ,d Hkh vlg;ksxkRed fLFkfr fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh lgHkkfxrk vkSj lh[kus dks cqjh rjg ls izHkkfor djrh gSA ,d ,slk HkkoukRed o vuqdwy ekgkSy iSnk djuk gksxk tgka fo|kFkhZ viuk lEeku vkSj tqM+ko ¼viusiu dh Hkkouk½ eglwl djsa] vU; ds f[kykQ HksnHkko u djsa ;k [kqn misf{kr eglwl u djsaA fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds fy, lh[kus ds ,sls vuqHko cukuk ,d f'k{kd dk mRrjnkf;Ro gSA 3- d{kk dk ekgkSy mn~Hko dk;ZØe esa ge fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk fiNyh d{kkvksa esa fd, x, dke dks gh nqckjk ls dj jgs gksxsaA ,slh fLFkfr esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa esa ;g Hkkouk vkuk LokHkkfod gS fd ge ckdh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ls ihNs gSaA blfy, ;g t:jh gS fd f'k{kd d{kk dk ekgkSy bl izdkj dk cuk;s tks fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks lh[kus ds fy, izsfjr djsA lh[kus fl[kkus ds nkSjku uhps fn, x, fl)kUrksa dks /;ku esa j[kus ls dk;ZØe dks csgrj rjhds ls lEiUu fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lh[kus dks lqfuf'pr fd;k tk ldrk gS& 3-1 fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk lfØ; tqM+ko ;k lgHkkfxrk& lfØ; tqM+ko ;k lgHkkfxrk dk eryc fdlh xfrfofèk esa 'kkfey gks tkuk Hkj ugha gksrkA vxj dksbZ cPpk fdlh xfrfofèk esa 'kkfey gS rks mls lfØ; :i ls ml xfrfofèk esa tqM+k gqvk rHkh ekuk tk ldrk gS tc og ml ij è;ku ns jgk gks ¼tSls] lquus ds nkSjku½] vkSj mRlkg] #fp] mís'; o ,dkxzrk ds lkFk ml xfrfofèk esa layXu gksA blhfy, ;g vko';d gS fd f'k{kd bl izdkj dke djsa fd lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh dke esa lfØ; Hkkxhnkjh jgsA 3-2 lg l`tu& fo|kFkhZ ,d nwljs ls csgrj rjhds ls lh[krs gSaaA f'k{k.k esa ;g cgqr ennxkj gksrk gS fd f'k{kd bl izdkj ds volj rS;kj djsa ftlesa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks lewgksa esa dke djus dk ekSdk feys vkSj os ,d nwljs ls lh[kus dh dkf'k'k djsaA ,l-,l-vkj-ih- dk;ZØe esa rks ;g fl)kUr vkSj Hkh egRoiw.kZ gks tkrk gS D;ksfd blesa fo|kFkhZ fofHkUu Lrjksa ij gSa vr% lewg dk;Z ds nkSjku ftu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks vkrk gS os mu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh enn dj ldrs gSa ftUgsa dfBukbZ gks jgh gksA blds vykok Lo v/;;u ds pj.k esa] tgka fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks Lo;a ls dkQh dke djuk gS] lg l`tu dh ;g j.kuhfr cgqr dkjxj gks ldrh gSA v/;k;5 fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 35
  • 38. 3-3 d{kk esa ldkjkRed ,oa lg;ksxkRed ekgkSy& d{kk esa ldkjkRed ,oa lg;ksxkRed ekgkSy fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds LoLFk vkSj lkekftd& HkkoukRed fodkl ds fy, vkèkkjHkwr egÙo j[krk gSA tc fo|kFkhZ vkSj vè;kidksa ds lkFk ldkjkRed lacaèk fodflr gks tkrs gSa rks mUgsa Ldwy esa T+;knk et+k vkus yxrk gS vkSj muds lh[kus esa Hkh o`f) gksrh gSA D;ksafd ldkjkRed lacaèkksa ls fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks lh[kus ds fy, ,d lqjf{kr vkSj fuf'pUr okrkoj.k feyrk gS vkSj ,sls laca/k mUgsa csgrj vdknfed miyfCèk;ksa ds fy, izsfjr djrs gSaA 3-4 d{kk esa f'k{kd dh Hkk"kk vkSj mldk egRo& f'k{kd dks d{kk esa bl izdkj dh Hkk"kk dk mi;ksx djuk pkfg, ftlls fo|kFkhZ lrr :i ls lh[kus ds fy, vxzlj gksaA fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks lkspus] Lo;a djus vkSj [kkstus] vius mRrj dh tkap djus vkfn ds vf/kdkf/kd ekSds nsaA blds dqN mnkgj.k uhps fn, x, gSa& 3-4-1 vki D;k lksprs gSa bl ekeys esa vki ,slk gh D;ksa lksprs gSaD;k dksbZ dkj.k gS fd ,slk uk gks D;k vki izfØ;k crk ldrs gSaD;k ;g vU; ifjfLFkfr esa Hkh dke djsxk 3-4-2 vius mRrj ds ckjs esa vki dqN vkSj lkspuk pkgsaxsa D;k vius mRrj dh tkap ds fy, fdlh lkFkh dh enn ysuk pkgsaxsa eSa fuf'pr ugha gwa fd eq>s le> esa vk;k gS] vki ,slk D;ksa dg jgs gSa& bldh Li"Vrk ds fy, dksbZ mnkgj.k ns ldrs gSa 3-4-3 D;k vki blds ihNs ds fl)kUr dks crk ldrs gSa 3-4-4 bu nks lewgksa ds nks vyx fopkj gSaA D;k rhljk fopkj Hkh gks ldrk gS ;k bu nksuksa fopkjksa ds lkFk lkeatL; cuk;k tk ldrk gS 4- fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk gkSlyk cuk;s j[kuk& bl dk;ZØe dk izeq[k vk/kkj gS% lgtrk ls lh[kuk] lh[kus dh izfØ;kvksa ls HkkoukRed :i ls tqM+uk vkSj lh[kus esa gj iy lQyrk dk vglklA blhfy, t:jh gks tkrk gS fd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk gkSlyk yxkrkj dk;e jgsA bl dk;ZØe dh lHkh izfØ;kvksa ¼pkgs oks Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi gks ;k Lo v/;;u pj.k vFkok lekiu dSEi½ ds nkSjku ,d f'k{kd dks ges'kk ltx jguk gksxk fd fo|kFkhZ uk dsoy vkxs c<+rs jgsa cfYd mUgsa lQyrk dk vglkl Hkh gksrk jgsA uhps dqN fcUnw fn, x, gSa] ftudk mi;ksx dj f'k{kd fo|kfFkZ;ksaa esa gkSlyk c<+kus esa lQy gks ldrs gSa& 4-1 os lh[kus esa vkuUn ysaA mUgsa ges'kk dke esa u;kiu feysA 4-2 mUgsa ge'kk pqukSrh dk vglkl gksA fn, x, dke uk rks cgqr ljy gksa fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 36 v/;k;5
  • 39. vkSj uk gh cgqr dfBuA 4-3 le;&le; ij mUgsa vius lkfFk;ksa ds lkFk dke djus ds volj gksaA dke ,sls gksa] ftuesa os 'kkfey gks ldsaA fo|kFkhZ tks lh[k jgs gSa] mls O;Dr djus dk ekSdk feyrk jgsA tc Hkh vH;kl djsa] u;s rjhdksa ds lkFk djsaA u;h vo/kkj.kkvksa ds lkFk dke djus esa f'k{kd dk lkFk feysA tc Hkh dgha fo|kFkhZ dfBukbZ eglwl djsa] f'k{kd mUgsa fodYi nsaA f'k{kd muesa lEHkkouk;sa ns[ksa vkSj HkkoukRed :i ls mUgsa lacy iznku djsa v/;k;5 fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 37
  • 40. Ldwyksa esa xq.koÙkk lq/kkj ds fy, fd, tk jgs izf'k{k.kksa dk vlj lrr vdknfed lg;ksx i;kZIr ugha gks ikrk gSA f'k{kk esa lq/kkj ds iz;klksa dk vf/kdre vlj iSnk djus ds fy, lg;ksx rU= dk gksuk vko';d gSA bl iwjs dke dks ns[kus ds fy, LFkkuh; Lrj ij dq'ky yksxksa dh Vhe vko';d gSA blhfy, lkspk x;k fd bl dk;ZØe dks tehuh Lrj ij lgh rjhds ls ykxw djus ds fy, ftys Lrj ij ,d Vhe gks] tks f'k{kdksasa dks Ldwy Lrj ij enn djsa] lkFk gh dk;ZØe ds fofHkUu lk>snkjksa ds chp dM+h dk dke djsaA blh Vhe dks Mh-vkj-th- dgk tk jgk gSA 1- Mh-vk-th- lnL;ksa dh Hkwfedk& 1-1 psat fMyhoj djuk@ifjorZu dks laHko cukuk& Mh-vkj-th- tehuh Lrj ij psat ,ts.V gSaA blds fy, os vius Lrj ij LFkkuh; ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks le>rs gq, ;kstuk cuk;saxsa rFkk vyx&vyx Lrj ds lk>snkjksa ds lkFk feydj ifjorZu dks laHko cuk;saxsaA 1-2 ih;j yhMj& f'k{kd lkfFk;ksa ds lkFk ih;j yhMj dh rjg dke djsaxsaA Mh-vkj-th-& Hkwfedk]nkf;Ro ,oa dk;Z v/;k;6 f'k{kd voyksdu izi= l lkekU; tkudkjh& Ldwy dk uke] voyksdu fnukad] f'k{kd dk uke l d{kk dk ekgkSy& cPpksa dh cSBd O;oLFkk] CySd cksMZ] jks'kuh] iznf'kZr lkexzh l f'k{k.k vkSj vf/kxe ds fy, miyC/k lkexzh& mn~Hko lkexzh dh miyC?krk] vU; miyC/k lkexzh l i<++kus dk rjhdk& ;kstuk] f'k{k.k lkexzh] ikB dSls i<++k;k x;k] lewg dk;Z dh fLFkfr] LFkkuh; lalk/kuksa dk mi;ksx l vkdyu] detksj cPpksa dks vfrfjDr enn] l d{kk izcU/ku] cPpksa ds lkFk O;ogkj] l f'k{kd izf'k{k.k vkSj mldk d{kk f'k{k.k esa mi;ksx l voyksdu ds ckn fn;k x;k QhMcSd fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 38
  • 41. muds lkFk feydj ;kstuk cukuk ,oa feyhtqyh le> ds lkFk phtksa dks ykxw djukA 1-3 jksy ekWMy& Mh-vk-th- lnL; ckdh f'k{kdksasa ds fy, jksy ekWMy gksxsaA dsoy nwljksa ds tfj, ifjorZu ykuk y{; ugha gSA cfYd vius Ldwy dks nwljksa ds le{k ekWMy Ldwy ds :i esa fodflr djukA 2- Mh-vk-th- lnL;ksa ds nkf;Ro& 2-1 vPNk f'k{kd cus jgsa& dksbZ f'k{kd vxj Mh-vk-th- lnL; cu x;k rks og ckdh f'k{kdksasa ls vyx ;k muls Åij gks x,& ;g lkspuk ;k le>uk Bhd ugha gSA vius izn'kZu dks lnSo yksxksa ds chp ,d f'k{kd ds :i esa csgrj ls csgrj cuk, j[kuk gksxkA 2-2 mRlkfgr jgsa] nwljksa dk Hkh mRlkg cuk, j[ksa& bl izdkj dh ckrksa ls cpuk gksxk] tSls& dqN ugha gks ldrkA yksxksa dks Hkh cpkuk gksxkA ,d le; ,slk Hkh vk ldrk gS] tc yksxksa ds chp grk'kk vk,A Mh-vk-th- lnL;ksa dks ,sls le; ds fy, igys ls gh rS;kj gksuk gksxkA 2-3 leL;k lqy>kus esa enn djuk& ;g nks rjhds ls gksxkA dqN ,sls eqn~ns gksxsa ftudks rRdky Mh-vkj-th- ds Lrj ij gh gy djuk gksxkA tks eqn~ns Mh-vkj-th- ds Lrj ij gy ugha gks ldrs muds fy, ftyk fo|ky; fujh{kd vf/kdkjh ;k dqlqek Vhe ds lnL;ksa ls ppkZ djds lqy>kus dk iz;kl djuk gksxkA 3- Mh-vkj-th- lnL;ksa ds dk;Z& 3-1 f'k{kd lg;ksx vkSj leFkZu& Ldwy foftV Mh-vkj-th- dk eq[; nkf;Ro gS& f'k{kdksasa dks mudh d{kk esa lQy gksus esa enn djukA ;g dk;Z os Ldwy foftV ds ek/;e ls dj ldrs gSaA pwafd ,d ftys esa ,d fo"k; ds fy, ,d ;k nks gh lnL; Mh-vkj-th- esa gksxsa blfy, buds }kjk cgqr vf/kd ckj Ldwyksa esa tkuk 'kk;n lEHko uk gks ik;s ysfdu muls ;g vis{kk gS fd os dk;ZØe ds izR;sd pj.k ¼cslykbZu vkdyu] Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi] lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe pj.k] lekiu dSEi vkSj ,aMykbu vkdyu½ esa de ls de ,d ckj t:j izR;sd Ldwy esa foftV djsaA 3-2 mn~Hko dk;ZØe dk ftyk Lrj ij leUo;u ftyk Lrj ij dk;ZØe ds leUo;u ,oa yhMj'khi dh ftEesnkjh Mh- vkj-th- dh gSA Ldwy foftV ds vykok Mh-vkj-th- dh ftEesnkjh gS fd v/;k;6 fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 39
  • 42. v/;k;6 Ldwy foftV ls iwoZ& Ldwy foftV ij tkus ls igys ;g csgrj gksxk fd Mh-vkj-th- lnL; rS;kjh dj ysaA ;g irk dj ysa fd Ldwy esa NqV~Vh rks ugha gS f'k{kd vodk'k ij rks ugha gSa;kstuk ds vuqlkj lHkh lkexzh rS;kj dj yh xbZ gS ;k ughavoyksdu izi= dh izfr j[k yh gS ;k ugha Ldwy foftV ds nkSjku& iz/kkuk/;kid ls leUo; djuk] dk;ZØe ds fØ;kUo;u ds lUnHkZ esa ckr djuk] dk;ZØe dh izxfr ij ppkZ djukA d{kk@dSEi dk voyksdu djuk] ;g ns[kuk fd dk;ZØe dk dkSulk Qst py jgk gS] f'k{kdfdl izdkj dke dj jgs gSa] D;k fØ;kUo;u ;kstukuqlkj gks jgk gS] fo|kFkhZ lfØ; :i ls Hkkx ys jgs gSa ;k ughaA f'k{kd vkSj D;k dne mBk ldrs Fks A d{kk f'k{k.k esa f'k{kd us ,slk D;k fd;k tks iz'kaluh; Fkk ¼;gka Bksl o O;ogkfjd@djus ;ksX; ckrsa uksV djuk½ vko';d gks rks f'k{kdds lkFk f'k{k.k esa mudh enn djuk izf'k{k.k dh eqf'dyksa@leL;kvksa ij ppkZ djuk vkSj fdlh vo/kkj.kk ij fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk dke djds fn[kkukA Ldwy foftV dk ,d dke f'k{kddks mlds dke ij QhMcSd nsuk gS rkfd f'k{kd viuh d{kk dks csgrj djus esa vkxs c<+ ldsaA QhMcSd esa ;g /;ku j[kk tkuk t:jh gS fd d{kk esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds chp f'k{kddks QhMcSd uk nsdj vyx ls fn;k tk;sA QhMcSd ds :i esa fn, tk jgs lq>koksa ds nkSjku ;g /;ku j[ksa fd ;s lq>ko mlds dke dks csgrj djus esa ennxkj gksaA ,slk ugha yxs fd dsoy dfe;ksa dks gh fpfg~ur djds NksM fn;k x;k gSA Ldwy foftV ds i'pkr& Ldwy foftV ds ckn f'k{kd voyksdu izi= Hkjsa rFkk fjiksVZ rS;kj djsaA f'k{kddh lQyrkvksa dks nwljs lkFkh f'k{kdksasa ds lkFk 'ks;j djsaA lcls vge ;g lkspuk gksxk fd nksckjk mlh f'k{kddh d{kk dks ns[kus ds fy, D;k rS;kjh dh vk';drk gksxhAblds vykok ;g Hkh igpkuuk fd dkSu ls eqn~ns gSaa ftu ij ;kstuk cukdj ekfld cSBd esa ppkZ djuk gksxh ;g Hkh t:jh gksxk fd viuh voyksdu fjiksVZ dks ekg ds vUr esa MhvkbZvks,l ds ikl tek djk;k tk;sA og ftys ds lHkh Ldwyksa esa dk;ZØe dh izxfr dks ns[krs jgsaA ;g Hkh lqfuf'pr djsa fd dk;ZØe dh xfrfof/k;ka fu/kkZfjr le;kuqlkj gks jgh gSa ;k ughaA Ldwyksa esa f'k{kdksasa dks vius dkeksa esa vkus okyh leL;kvksa dks fpfg~ur djuk] muds lek/kku ds fy, ftyk f'k{kk vf/kdkjh vFkok lEcfU/kr O;fDr ls lEiØ djuk rFkk mldk lek/kku djuk Hkh Mh-vkj- th- dh ftEesnkjh gS rkfd dk;ZØe dk lgt :i esa fØ;kUo;u gks ldsA fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 40
  • 43. v/;k;6 3-3 leh{kk ,oa ;kstuk cSBd Mh-vkj-th- dh ,d ftEesnkjh ;g Hkh gS fd og vius ftys esa mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr vkusokys Ldwyksa ds f'k{kdksasa dh leh{kk cSBd djsaA ;|fi Ldwy foftV ds nkSjku Mh-vkj-th- f'k{kdksasa ds lkFk dke dh leh{kk djsaxsa ysfdu ;g iwjs ftys ds mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds f'k{kdksasa dh ,d lkFk cSBd gksxhA iwjs dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr leh{kk cSBdsa dh tkuh gSaA bu cSBdksa dk mn~ns'; dk;ZØe ds fØ;kUo;u dh leh{kk djuk rFkk mlds vk/kkj ij vkxs dh ;kstuk rS;kj djuk gSA bl cSBd esa Mh-vkj-th- f'k{kdksasa ds lkFk dke dh izxfr rFkk fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lh[kus dh leh{kk djsaA leh{kk ds eq[; fcUnq ckDl esa fn;s x;s gSaA leh{kk ds eq[; fcUnq l fo|kFkhZ fdruk lh[ksa] D;k NwVk] D;k fd;k] fdruh lQyrk feyhA eqf'dysa D;k jgha] muds fy;s D;k fd;k x;k l iz;ksx dh x;h lkexzh dk Lrj dSlk Fkk] fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds dke djus dh xqtkb'k D;k Fkh l xfrfof/k;ka r; le; lhek esa gqbZ D;k eqf'dy Fkk D;k vklku eqf'dyksa dks vklku djus dk rjhdk D;k Fkk l f'k{kddks lQyrk dk vglkl ¼fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh lfØ;rk dSlh jgh ;kstukuqlkj tks lkspk Fkk oks gks ik;k fd ugha½ leh{kk cSBd esa bu lc fcUnqvksa ij f'k{kdksasa ds lkFk ppkZ dh tkuh pkfg, rFkk vkxs ds fy, ;kstuk Hkh cukbZ tkuh pkfg,A ;kstuk ds fcUnq fuEukuqlkj gks ldrs gSa& l ,aMykbu vkdyu ,oa lekiu dSEi dh le; lkj.kh cukukA l ;g ns[ksa fd fdrus fo|kFkhZ rhuksa pj.kksa ¼Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi] lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe rFkk lekiu dSEi½ dks iwjk djus ds mijkUr Lrj 3 ¼d{kk 8½ rd dh n{krkvksa dks izkIr dj ysxsaA l fdrus fo|kFkhZ ,sls gSa tks vHkh Hkh Lrj 1 ;k 2 ij gh gksxsaA muds fy, vkxs D;k fd;k tkuk pkfg, l ;gka lwpdksa ij ppkZ djuh gksxhA vkSj mUgs izeq[krk ds vk/kkj ij pqudj vkxs dh ;kstuk cusxhA fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 41
  • 44. 3-4 vkadM+ksa dk ladyu ,oa lesdu& Mh-vkj-th- dk ,d eq[; dk;Z dk;ZØe ls lEcfU/kr vkadM+ksa dk ladyu djuk rFkk mudk lesdu djuk Hkh gSA Mh-vkj-th- ls vis{kk gS fd os vius ftys ds ftu Ldwyksa esa mn~Hko dk;ZØe dk lapkyu gks jgk gS] ogka ls cslykbZu vkdyu rFkk ,aMykbu vkdyu ds vkadM+ksa dks bdV~Bk djsa] mudh lesfdr fjiksVZ rS;kj dj ftyk f'k{kk vf/kdkjh dks miyC/k djk;saA f'k{kd voyksdu izi= dks Hkjsa] ml izi= dks laHkkydj j[ksa rFkk eghus ds vUr esa mls ftyk f'k{kk vf/kdkjh ds ikl tek djk;saA blds vykok Ldwyksa ls dk;ZØe ds fØ;kUo;u lEcU/kh vU; vkadM+s bdV~Bs djus dh ftEesnkjh Hkh Mh-vkj-th- dh gh gSA 4- Lo voyksdu o vkdyu okLrfodrk gS fd mijksDr ckrsa Lo;a ij ykxw gksaxh ge y{; dks mruh gh vklkuh ls ik ysaxsA gesa vius dke] viuh izxfr dks Lo;a ns[krs jguk pkfg,A Mh-vkj-th- esa xq.kks] dkS'kyksa dks fodflr gksrs jguk vko';d gSA ;g rHkh laHko gS tc ge dqN lwpdksa ds lgkjs izxfr dk vooyksdu o vkdyu Lo;a djrs jgsaA Mh-vkj-th- Lo voyksdu o vkdyu izi= voyksdu dkye esa gk¡] ugha fy[ksa ;k iz'uokpd ? dk fu'kku yxk,aA t:jh gks rks fVIi.kh okys dkye esa la{ksi esa fy[ksaA Øe Lkwpd voyksdu fVIi.kh Mh-vkj-th- çn'kZu ds ekud vkSj lwpd Lrj 1 1 Lo;a Lrj 1* ds f'k{kd ekudksa dk izn'kZu djrh@rk gwaA 2 f'k{kdksasa dh fu;fer cSBdsa djrh@rk gwaA 3 HkkoukRed ifjiDork dk izn'kZu& lcds izfr U;wure lEeku j[krk gwaA lc dks /kS;Z vkSj /;ku ls lqurk gwaA lc ds fopkjksa dks txg nsrh@rk gwaA Mh-vkj-th- çn'kZu ds ekud vkSj lwpd Lrj 2 4 Lo;a Lrj 2* ds f'k{kd ekudksa dk izn'kZu djrh@rk gwaA 5 d{kk dk voyksdu dj ;g fudky ldrk gwa fd f'k{kd fdl Lrj ds ekudksa dk izn'kZu dj jgs gSaA fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 42 v/;k;6
  • 45. 6 vifs{kr ifjoruZ dh Li"V le> dks vkRe fo'okl ls O;Dr dj yrs h@rk gAaw 7 visf{kr lq/kkj ¼vkSj vxys Lrj ds ekudksa dks /;ku esa j[kdj½ f'k{kdksasa dks dkjxj lq>ko nsrh@rk gwaA 8 d{kkvksa esa ikbZ xbZ okLrfod fLFkfr vkSj f'k{kdksasa dh t:jrksa ds vuqlkj ¼MkVk ds vk/kkj ij½ ;kstuk cuk ysrh@rk gwaA 9 LFkkuh; lalk/kuksa@lanHkksZa bR;kfn dh igpku] igqap vkSj t:jr vuqlkj iz;ksx dj ldrh@rk gwaA 10 HkkoukRed ifjiDork dk izn'kZu& yksxksa dks ,sls lqurk gwa@QhMcSd nsrh@ rk gw¡ fd fdlh dks cqjk u yxs] viuh ckr euokus ij vMrh@rk ughaA 11 [kqn dh ÅtkZ cuk;s j[k] nwljksa dks ÅtkZoku cuk;s j[krh@rk gwaA Mh-vkj-th- çn'kZu ds ekud vkSj lwpd Lrj 3 12 Lo;a Lrj 3* ds f'k{kd ekudksa dk izn'kZu djrh@rk gwaA 13 visf{kr ifjorZu dh Li"V le> dks ,sls O;DRk dj ysrh@rk gwa fd lHkh f'k{kd le> ldsa] djus ds fy;s izsfjr gks ldsaA 14 visf{kr lq/kkj ¼vkSj vxys Lrj ds ekudksa dks /;ku esa j[kdj½ dkjxj lq>ko nsrh@rk gwa ¼vkSj mldh ;kstuk cuk ysrh@rk gwa o ekuhVfjax Hkh dj ysrh@rk gwa½A 15 fo"k; o f'k{k.k dyk dh bruh idM+ j[krk gwa fd t:jr vuqlkj ekSds ij gh f'k{kdksasa dks buiqV~l ns nsrh@rk gwaA 16 ekuhVfjax ds vk/kkj ij voyksduksa dk fjdkMZ j[k] MkVk dk fo'ys"k.k dj ysrh@rk gw¡ vkSj mls mi;qDr fu.kZ; esa cny fujarj lq/kkj lqfuf'pr djrs jgrh@rk gwaA 17 vdknfed cSBdksa dk vk;kstu] lapkyu] ppkZ djok ysrk gw] lgHkkfxrk lqfuf'pr dj] miyfC/k;ka@eqf'dysa lk>k djokdj] lkewfgd Hkkxhnkjh ls gy <qa<ok ldrh@rk gwaA] fu;fer fjdkMZ j[krh@rk gwaA 18 LFkkuh; lalk/kuksa@lanHkksZa bR;kfn dh igpku gS] mu rd igqap gS vkSj t:jr vuqlkj iz;ksx djrh@rk gwaA 19 HkkoukRed ifjiDork dk izn'kZu& Vhe ds :Ik esa dke djrh@rk gwaA rVLFk jgrs gq, er O;Dr djrh@rk gwa o QhMcSd nsrh@rk gwaA 20 [kqn ds lkFk&lkFk nwljksa dks ÅtkZoku cuk;s j[krh@rk gwaA 21 Lo;a ds fodkl ds fy, ftEesnkj gwA ¼vius fy, t:jh dh igpku] ykxw djuk] leh{kk djrs jguk vkSj r; y{; dh vksj lnSo iz;kljr jgukA ½ v/;k;6 fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 43
  • 46. uksV& *Lrj 1 ls rkRi;Z gS fd f'k{kddk lhfer fo"k; Kku]ikB dh rS;kjh u gksuk] ijLij laokn u gksuk f'k{kd dsfUnzr f'k{k.k vkfnA *Lrj 2 ls rkRi;Z gS fd T;knk ijLij laoknokyh f'k{k.k izfdz;kvksa]lewg f'k{k.k rFkk vkil esa lh[kus&fl[kkus ds ekSds nsukA * Lrj 3 ls rkRi;Z gS fd csgrj ikB ;kstuk] fofo/k ,oa uohu f'k{k.k izfØ;kvksa rFkk xfrfof/k;ksa dk mi;ksxA blds vykok dqN vkSj lwpd tks vki viuh vksj ls tksMuk pkgrs gSa] ;gka fy[ksa & 5 MkVk dk iz;ksx vkids ikl Ldwyksa dk f'k{kd voyksdu izi= rFkk fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds 'kSf{kd Lrj ds fo"k;okj ifj.kkeksa ls izkIr MkVk miyC/k gksxk ftlesa f'k{kdksa vkSj fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh Lrjokj tkudkjh miiyC/k gSA vyx vyx MkVk dks ns[kdj Ldwy dh fLFkfr dk irk pyrk gS] tSls& l fdl f'k{kd dk izn'kZu vPNk gS l fdl f'k{kddh fLFkfr fparktud gS l fdl vk/kkj ij vki vius urhts ij igqaps l fdl fo|ky; dk izn'kZu csgrj gS l fdl fo|ky; dks vf/kd lg;ksx dh vko';drk gSvkSj D;ksa Mh-vk-th- bl MkVk ds vk/kkj ij fuEu dkjokbZ dj ldrs gS] l Ldwy foftV dk dk;Zdze r; djuk l iz/kkukpk;ksZa ds lkFk MkVk dks lk>k djrs gq;s mlds vk/kkj ij vkxs dh ;kstuk cukuk l vR;f/kd fpUrktud fLFkfr tSls xq.koRrk esa Hkkjh deh] mifLFkfr esa deh] fØ;kUo;u esa T;knk nsjh vkfn fLFkfr esa ftyk fo|ky; fujh{kd vf/kdkjh ;k ;wih,e,l, vFkok dqlqek QkmUMs'ku dks vxkg dj enn yh tk ldrh gSA l izfØ;kvks vkSj vius vuqHkoksa dks nwljs fo|ky;ksa ds lkFk lk>k fd;k tkukA f'k{kd voyksdu izi= izf'k{k.k ds nkSjku miyC/k djk, tk,¡xsA fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 44 v/;k;6
  • 47. mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds lapkyu esa f'k{kdksaa Hkwfedk vge gSA mudh lfØ; Hkkxhnkjh ds fcuk bl dk;ZØe dks lQy ugha cuk;k tk ldrkA f'k{kdksa ds vfrfjDr blds lQy lapkyu esa vfHkHkkodksa] iz/kkuk/;kidksa rFkk ftyk ,oa jkT; iz'kklu dh egrh Hkwfedk gksxhA ,l-,l-vkj-ih- dk;ZØe esa bu lHkh fgrHkkfx;ksa ds dk;Z ,oa ftEesnkfj;ka vkxs nh xbZ gSaA 1- f'k{kd dh eq[; Hkwfedk ,o vis{kk;sa f'k{kdx.k bl iwjs mnHko dk;Zdze ds vk/kkj gSa] vr% budh Hkwfedk Hkh egRoiw.kZ gSA muls vis{kk gS fd os mnHko ekMy dh lksp ds vuq:i ,l-,l-vkj-ih- fd vUrxrZ xfrfof/k;ksa dk fu;kstu dj fdz;kfUor djsa] mldh fjiksfVZax o nLrkosthdj.k djsaA f'k{kdksa ds dqN fo'ks"k dk;Z fuEufyf[kr gSaA 1-1 mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds rgr gksus okys lHkh izf'k{k.kksa ,oa leh{kk cSBdksa esa Hkkx ysukA 1-2 d{kk 9 esa vkusokys lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk Lrj vkdyu djukA Lrj vkdyu ds isijksa dks tkapuk rFkk muds Ldksj dks Ldksj 'khV esa Hkjuk vkSj mls le; ij tek djuk 1-3 fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds Lrj ds vuqlkj mudk lewg fu/kkZj.k djukA 1-4 fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lewg fu/kkZj.k ds ckn Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi] lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe pj.k rFkk lekiu dSEi esa fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk fo"k;okj f'k{kd lanf'kZdk ds vuqlkj dke djukA 1-5 fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk fu;fer vkdyu djuk rFkk ;g lqfuf'pr djuk fd fo|kFkhZ izR;sd pj.k ds fy, fu/kkZfjr visf{kr n{krkvksa dks izkIr dj jgs gSaA 1-6 f'k{kd lg;ksx bdkbZ] fo"k;okj f'k{kd lanf'kZdk esa fn, x, rFkk izf'k{k.k esa lh[ks gq, rjhdksa dk d{kk f'k{k.k esa mi;ksx djukA v/;k;7 mn~Hko& lg;kfsx;ksa dh Hkwfedk] dk;Z ,oa vis{kk;sa fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 45
  • 48. 1-7 ftu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dks lh[kus esa fnDdr gks jgh gS& muds lkFk fHkUu izdkj dh ;kstuk cukdj dke djukA rFkk lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lh[kus dks lqfuf'pr djukA 1-8 Mh-vkj-th- }kjk fn, x, lq>koksa ds vk/kkj ij viuh d{kk ds f'k{k.k esa lq/kkj djukA 1-9 d{kk 9 esa ukekafdr ,l-,l-vkj-ih- esa izfrHkkx djus okys lHkh fo|kfFk;ksa dk ,UMykbZu ewY;kadu djukA Lrj vkdyu ds isijksa dks tkapuk rFkk muds Ldksj dks Ldksj 'khV esa HkjukA 1-10 mn~Hko dk;ZØe dh izxfr ls iz/kkuk/;kid dks voxr djkuk rFkk lqfuf'pr djuk fd iz/kkuk/;kid- }kjk fn, x, lq>koksa dks f'k{kd dke esa ysaA 2- iz/kkuk/;kid dh eq[; Hkwfedk ,o vis{kk;sa Ldwy ds iz/kku gksus ds dkj.k Ldwy esa py jgs mnHko dk;ZØe dk lQy lpkyu iz/kkukpk;ksZa dh izeq[k fteesnkjh cu tkrh gSA dk;Zdze esa visf{kr gS fd os bldk fu;kstu djsa] y{; r; djsa] blesa 'kkfey f'k{kdksa dks enn djsa] izxfr dk vkadyu djsa] fjiksVZ djsa vkSj lkFk gh vU; yksxksa dks Hkh izfjr djsaA blds vfrfjDr dqN eq[; dk;Z uhps fn;s x;s gSaA 2-1 Ldwy Lrj ij mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds fØ;kUo;u esa f'k{kdksasa dh enn djuk] ekWfuVfjax djukA 2-2 dk;ZØe ds izkjEHk gksus ls igys leqnk; vkSj vfHkHkkodksa dh cSBd djuk rFkk mUgsa mn~Hko dk;ZØe] mlds mís';ksa ,oa muls vis{kkvksa ls voxr djkuk] fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh fu;ferrk dks lqfuf'pr djuk] 2-3 Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi] lg;ksxkRed vf/kxe pj.k ,oa lekiu dSEi esa py jgs f'k{k.k dk fu;fer voyksdu djuk rFkk f'k{kddks QhMcSd nsukA 2-4 mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds fØ;kUo;u ds fy, vko';d f'k{k.k vf/kxe lkexzh dh miyC/krk lqfuf'pr djuk] ftlls fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds lkFk fd;k tkus okyk dke izHkkfor uk gksA 2-5 mn~Hko dk;ZØe dh izxfr ls Mh-vkj-th- dks voxr djkuk rFkk lqfuf'pr djuk fd Mh-vkj-th- }kjk fn, x, lq>koksa dks f'k{kd dke esa ysaA 2-6 ;g lqfuf'pr djuk fd cslykbZu rFkk ,aMykbu vkdyu esa vf/kdre fo|kFkhZ Hkkxhnkjh djsa rFkk Ldksfjax 'khV funsZ'kkuqlkj Hkjh tk;sA v/;k;7 fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 46
  • 49. 2-7 f'k{kd dh vuqifLFkfr esa ,l-,l-vkj-ih- d{kk esa f'k{k.k djkukA 2-8 mnHko dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr fu;ksftr xfrfof/k;ksa dh izxfr dh ekfuVfjax djuk 2-9 mnHko dk;ZØe ls tqM+h pqukSfr;ksa] uokpkj o ldkjkRed i{kksa dks Mh- vkj-th- ,oa Mh-vkbZ-vks-,l- ds lkFk lk>k djukA 3- ftyk fo|ky; fujh{kd ¼MhvkbZvks,l½ dh eq[; Hkwfedk ,o vis{kk;sa& ftyk fo|ky; fujh{kd dh ftEesnkjh mn~Hko dk;ZØe ds fØ;kUo;u vkSj ekWfuVfjax dh gSA blds fy, muls fuEufyf[kr dk;ksZa dks fd, tkus dh vis{kk gS& 3-1 Ldwyksa esa fu;fer foftV djukA 3-2 iz/kkuk/;kidksa dh cSBd djuk rFkk dk;ZØe dh izxfr ds ckjs esa ckr djukA 3-3 Mh-vkj-th- dh cSBd djuk vkSj Ldwy voyksdu ij ppkZ djukA 3-4 dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr gksus okys vPNs vuqHkoksa dks bdV~Bk djuk rFkk mUgsa fgrxzkfg;ksa ds lkFk 'ks;j djukA 3-5 izR;sd Ldwy ls vkus okys vkadM+ksa dh xq.koRrk dks pSd djuk rFkk le; ls ;w-ih-,e-,l-,- dks Hkstuk 3-6 dk;ZØe dh izxfr ls jkT;Lrjh; ek/;fed f'k{kk vfHk;ku dks voxr djkrs jgukA 3-7 dk;ZØe ds fØ;kUo;u esa vkusokyh dfBukb;ksa dks gy djukA v/;k;7 fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 47
  • 50. fdlh Hkh dk;ZØe ds csgrj fØ;kUo;u ,oa mlds izHkko ds vkdyu ds fy, vko';d gS fd dk;ZØe ls lEcfU/kr fofHkUu vkadM+ksa dk ladyu fd;k tk;s rFkk mudk fo'ys"k.k fd;k tk;sA mn~Hko dk;ZØe esa Hkh vyx&vxy Lrj ij fofHkUu vkadM+s bdV~Bs fd;s tkus gSaA ;gka bldk mís'; dk;ZØe dh vkxkeh ;kstuk cukus esa f'k{kdksasa] Mh-vkj-th- rFkk dk;ZØe ls tqM+s gq, vU; lgHkkfx;ksa dh enn djuk gSA lkFk gh dk;ZØe ds vUr esa dk;ZØe ds izHkko dk vkdyu Hkh bUgha vkadM+ksa ,oa fjiksVksZa ds ek/;e ls gh fd;k tk;sxkA mnHko ds fy;s fuEufyf[kr lwpdksa ij vkdM+s ,d= dj mudk iqujkoyksadu vkSj fo'ys"k.k fd;k tk;sxk rkfd dk;ZØe dh lQyrk dks ekik tk ldsA dk;ZØe dh lQyrk dks ekius ds ekun.M l Ldsy vi esa “kkfey fd;s tkus okys Ldwyksa dk izksQkbZy l Hkkx ysus okys f'k{kdksa dh la[;k ¼dqy la[;k Hkkxs fo"k;& xf.kr] foKku] vaxzth] fgUnh] vkSj lkekftd foKku½ l fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk ukekadu l d{kk 9 ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds xf.kr] foKku] vaxzth] fgUnh] vkSj lkekftd foKku fo"k;ksa esa mRrh.kZ gksus dk izfr'kr l d{kk 10 ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds xf.kr] foKku] vaxzth] fgUnh] vkSj lkekftd foKku fo"k;ksa esa mRrh.kZ gksus dk izfr'kr l xf.kr] foKku] vaxzth] fgUnh] vkSj lkekftd foKku fo"k;ksa esa ,l-,l-vkj- ih- ds iwjs fd;s x;s l=ksa dh la[;k& izfrfnu o fo"k;okj l voyksdu fd;s x;s f'k{kdksa dh la[;k l Mh-vkj-th- }kjk iwjs fd;s x;s voyksduksa dh la[;k l izf'k{k.k esa Hkkx ysus okys f'k{kdksa dh la[;k l fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh O;fDrxr Ldwy mifLFkfr gj frekgh jkT; ljdkj }kjk v/;k;8 mnHko& xq.koÙkk] vuqJo.k vkSj lacfU/kr vkdM+ksa dk izcU/ku fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 48
  • 51. v/;k;8 fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 49 dqlqek QkmUMs'ku ds lkFk lk>k djsxh l izR;sd fo|ky; ds xf.kr] foKku] vaxzth] fgUnh] vkSj lkekftd foKku fo"k;ksa esa fo|kfFk;ksa ds ,l-,l-vkj-ih- vkdyu Ldksj l 0&3 Lrj ds fo|kFkhZ ,l-,l-vkj-ih- Ldksj l 1&3 ds Lrj ij xf.kr] foKku vkSj vaxzth fo"k;ksa esa laoknkRed f'k{k.k fof/k dk mi;ksx djus okys f'k{kdksa dh la[;k l lHkh Hkkx ysus okys fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk 10oha cksMZ dk ijh{kkQy l uksV% izf'k{k.k ds nkSjku crk;s x;s vuqJo.k o ewY;kadu <+kapk] izksVksdkWy] ftEesokfj;ka vkSj le; lhek ds vuq:i fo|ky; vkadM+s ,d= djsaxs] ml ij ut+j j[ksaxs vkSj fjiksVZ djsaxsA mnHko Ldsy vi ds lQy fØ;kUo;u ds fy;s eq[; xq.koÙkk ekun.M l o"kZ ds vkjEHk esa blds fy;s fodflr ekM;wy o lalk/kuksa dk mi;ksx fjrs gq;s f'k{kdksa vkSj Mh-vkj-th- lnL;ksa ds fy;s izf'k{k.k vk;ksftr fd;k tkukA l mnHko ekMy esa izf'kf{kr Ldsy vi ds lHkh izk/kkukpk;Z vkSj lacfU/kr fo"k;ksa ds f'k{kd xq.koÙkk ekun.M ds vuq:i iBu ikBu ds lalk/kuksa dk mi;ksx dj jgs gSaA l 'kq:vkr ls gh mnHko ds lHkh lalk/ku f'k{kdksa vkSj fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks miyC/kA izf'k{k.kksa o cSBdksa esa iz/kkukpk;ksZa dh mifLFkfr 'kr izfr'kr l fu;ksftr xfrfof/k;ka le; ij lEiUu gksa ¼vf/kdre 10 fnu dk vUrj½ l ,l-,l-vkj-ih- ds vk/kkj ¼cslykbZu½ vkdyu ds ifj.kke vkdyu iwjk gksus ds ckn vf/kdre 20 fnu esa lHkh fgrHkkfx;ksa rd igqap tk, vkSj mldk mi;ksx lewg cukus] d{kk dh i<+kbZ vkSj ,l-,l-vkj-ih- ds xfrfof/k;ksa esa gks jgk gksA l dk;ZØe ds ekWMy vkSj iBu IkBu ds lalk/kuksa dh miyC/krk ds vuq:i lHkh fo|ky; iz/kkukpk;Z ,oa Mh-vkj-th- ds lnL; ,l-,l-vkj-ih dh xfrfof/k;k¡ lqfuf'pr djrs gSaA l fo|ky; izcU/ku ,oa fodkl lfefr ,oa vfHkHkkodx.k mnHko dk;ZØe ls voxr gSa vkSj blds fØ;kUo;u rFkk izxfr esa lg;ksx djrs gSa de ls de eghus esa ,d ckjA l ,l-,l-vkj-ih-ds lHkh pj.kksa esa 80 izfr'kr fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh Hkkxhnkjh l ,l-,l-vkj-ih ikB;Øe dk 'kr izfr'kr iwjk gksuk
  • 52. l vuqlqph ds vuq:i fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh mifLFkfr vkSj izn'kZu ij ut+j j[kuk ¼cslykbZu o ,.M ykbZu Ldksj½ vkSj mlds ifj.kkeksa ls lHkh fgrHkkfx;ksa dks v|ru j[kuk l ekWMy vkSj nLrkostksa dh izxfr ds vuqlkj Mh-vkj-th- fo|ky;ksa esa lacfU/kr f'k{kdksa dh dksfpax djsxh l ekfld fo'ys'k.k vkSj Mh-vkj-th- }kjk Vh-vks-,Q- voyksdu dk lHkh fgrHkkfx;ksa ds lkFk lk>k djuk l f'k{kd rFkk fo|kFkhZ gS.Mcqd] Vh-,l-;w- vkSj ,l-,y-;w- dk fu;fer mi;ksx& voyksdu o fyf[kr l gj ekg Mh-vkj-th- vkSj ftyk fo|ky; fujh{kd }kjk ik¡p vPNs f'k{k.k fof/k;ksa dk ohfM;ks o fooj.k ds lkFk izys[ku l ,l-,l-vkj-ih ds cslykbZu vkSj l=ksa esa Hkkx ysus okys 100 izfr'kr fo|kFkhZ ,.MykbZu esa Hkkx ysxs l d{kk 9 ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh mifLFkfr] cslykbZu o ,.MykbZu izn'kZu ls tqM+s lHkh 100 Ldsy vi fo|ky;ksa ds vkdM+s ;w-ih-,e-,l-,- ds lkFk le; ij lk>k dh tk;saxh l dksbZ vU; lwpd ftls vki egRoiw.kZ le>rs gksa bl dk;ZØe esa fuEufyf[kr vkadM+s bdV~Bs fd;s tkus gSaA bu lHkh vkadMksa dks bdV~Bk djus ds fy, dke esa fy, tkus okys izi= izf'k{k.k ds nkSjku miyC/k djk, tk,¡xsA fooj.k ;g Ldwyokj bdV~Bk fd;k tk;sxkA blds vUrxZr fo|kFkhZ ds ckjs esa lkekU; tkudkjh yh tk;sxh ftlls izR;sd fo|kFkhZ dks ,d ;wfud dksM fn;k tk ldsA blesa fo|kFkhZ dk uke] mlds vfHkHkkod dk uke] irk] fyax vkfn dh tkudkjh 'kkfey gSA ;wfud vkbZMh bl izdkj gksxkA (Udbhav/State Eg. UP/District Eg. Hardoi/U-DICE code/ Student Initial/SlNo izi=@vkadMs dk uke fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk ukekadu ftEesnkjh f'k{kd vkadMs ladyu dk le; dk;ZØe dh 'kq:vkr esa fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 50 v/;k;8
  • 53. fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh mifLFkfr f'k{kd izfrfnuizR;sd fnu fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dh mifLFkfr ntZ dh tk;sxhA blls ;g irk py ldsxk fd rhuksa pj.kksa esa dqy fdrus fo|kFkhZ mifLFkr jgs vkSj fdrus vuqifLFkrA blds vUrxZr izfrfnu dh mifLFkfr@vuqifLFkfr dh tkudkjh bdVBh djsasxsaA ;g dsoy mUgha fo|kfFkZ;ksaa ds ckjs esa gksxh tks mn~Hko dk;ZØe esa izfrHkkx djsaxsA f'k{kd ekfld ;kstuk f'k{kd ekfldf'k{kdksasa }kjk eghus dh ;kstuk rFkk mlds fØ;kUo;u ds ckjs esa tkudkjh bl izi= esa 'kkfey gksxhA blds vUrxZr f'k{kdksasa }kjk eghus Hkj dh tkus okyh xfrfof/k;ksa dh ;kstuk rFkk muds fØ;kUo;u dks ntZ fd;k tk;sxkA fo|ky; ds ckjs esa tkudkjh iz/kkuk/;kid Mh-vkj-th- ,d ckj dk;Zdze dh 'kq:vkr esa blesa fo|ky; dh ewyHkwr tkudkjh dk ladyu fd;k tk;sxk ftlesa fo|ky; dk uke] d{kkokj dqy ukekadu] f'k{kdksasa dh tkudkjh] miyC/k lalk/ku vkfn 'kkfey gSA cslykbZu vkdyu dk Ldksj f'k{kd dk;ZØe dh 'kq:vkr esa cslykbZu isijksa ds Ldksj dks bl izi= esa ladfyr fd;k tk;sxkA ;g vkadM+k fo"k;okj bdV~Bk fd;k tk;sxkA fo|kFkhZ tc cslykbZu isijksa dks gy dj ysxsa blds ckn muds Ldksj dks f'k{kd bl izi= esa Hkjsaxsa ftlds vk/kkj ij fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk lewg fu/kkZj.k gksxkA ,aMykbu vkdyu dk Ldksj f'k{kd lekiu dSEi ds vUr esa lekiu dSEi ds iwjk gksus ds ckn fo|kfFkZ;ksaa dk ,aMykbu vkdyu fd;k tk;sxkA bl vkdyu ds Ldksj bl izi= esa Hkjs tk;saxsaA ;g Hkh fo"k; okj gksxkA blds vk/kkj ij ;g ns[kus dh dkf'k'k dh tk ldrh gS fd fdrus fo|kfFkZ;ksaa us Lrj 3 dh n{krkvksa dks izkIr dj fy;k gSA f ' k { k d voyksdu izi= Mh-vkj-th- izR;sd Ldwy voyksdu ds ckn Mh-vkj-th- }kjk Ldwyksa esa fu;fer foftV dh tk;sxh rkfd f'k{kdksasa dks dk;Zdze fØ;kUo;u esa enn miyC/k djkbZ tk ldsA muds }kjk izR;sd foftV ds fy, ,d f'k{kd voyksdu izi= Hkjk tk;sxk ftlesa voyksdu ds nkSjku ds muds vuqHko] Ldwy esa dk;ZØe ds fØ;kUo;u dh fLFkfr ntZ dh tk;sxhA vkadMksa dk lesdu Mh-vkj-th- Ldwyokj vkadMs ds ladyu ds rqjUr ckn Åij crk;s x;s lHkh vkadMs Ldwyokj bdV~Bs fd;s tk;saxsa ysfdu bu lHkh dk ftysokj lesdu Hkh fd;k tk;sxkA fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 51 v/;k;8
  • 55. Lo fpUru Lo voyksdu 1- f'k{kd ds :i esa vki dk;ZØe ds izHkko csgrj ,oa LFkk;h cukus ds fy;s vki D;k iz;kl djsaxs vH;kl fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 53
  • 56. 2- Mh-vkj-th- ds :i esa f'k{kdksasa ds lkFk vkids lEcU/k fdl izdkj fodflr gq, gSa mUgs LFkk;h lg;ksx nsus ds fy;s vki D;k iz;kl djsaxs vH;kl fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 54
  • 57. Lo fpUru Lo voyksdu 3- Qkm.Ms'ku dSEi] ds D;k vuqHko jgs] bls T;knk izHkkoh cukus ds fy;s vki D;k iz;kl djsaxs vH;kl fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 55
  • 58. Lo fpUru Lo voyksdu 4- ,l- ,y- ih- o lekiu dSEi] ds D;k vuqHko jgs] bls csgrj cukus ds fy;s vki D;k iz;kl djsaxs fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 56 vH;kl
  • 59. Lo fpUru Lo voyksdu 5- iz/kkuk/;kid ds :i esa vdknfed usr`Ro gsrq vkidk D;k lg;ksx@ ;ksxnku jgk] Hkfo"; esa vki dSls lg;ksx iznku djsaxs vH;kl fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 57
  • 60. uke ekg----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ;kstuk dk fo"k;@'kh"kZd gS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- laHkkfor xfrfof/k;k¡ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Lke; lhek ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- visf{kr ifj.kke ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ++visf{kr lg;ksx ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- vU; tks dne mBkuk pkgrs gSa -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6- esjh vxys ekg dh ;kstuk fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 58 vH;kl
  • 61. Lo fpUru Lo voyksdu 7- Lofodkl vkSj lalk/kuksa dk csgrj iz;ksx vius O;kolkf;d dkS'ky fodkl ds fy, vki D;k djsaxs --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- vkids vklikl dkSu ls ,sls lalk/ku] lzksr gSa ftudk mi;ksx d{kk izfØ;k esa lq/kkj ds fy, djsaxs dSls --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- vH;kl fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 59
  • 62. Lo fpUru Lo voyksdu 8- vkids fopkj vkSj lq>ko fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 60 vH;kl
  • 64. d{kk 9 esa vkus okys esa visf{kr eqyHkwr n{krk;safo|kfFkZ;ksa xf.kr n{krk Lrj 1 ¼d{kk 3½ Lrj 2 ¼d{kk 5½ Lrj 3 ¼d{kk 8½ ljy iSVuZ igpkuuk] tSls& Ldwy vkrs gq, vkSj okil tkrs gq, iSVuZ ns[kuk] la[;kvksa vkSj vkd`fr;ksa esa iSVuZ] VkbYl vkSj fMtkbu esa iSVuZ igus tkus okys diMksa esa] Q'kZ ij cuh VkbZYl esa] nhokjksa ij vkSj vius vkl&ikl miyC/k phtksa esa iSVuZ dks ns[kukA oxkZdkj vkSj f=Hkqtkdkj vkd`fr;ksa esa nh xbZ la[;kvksa esa iSVuZ dks igpkuukA iSVuZ le vkSj fo'ke la[;kvksa dks crk lduk vkSj le vkSj fo'ke la[;kvksa esa fufgr iSVuZ dks le> ldukA tksM vkSj ckdh esa Øefofue; ds xq.k/keZ esa iSVuZ ns[kuk] 1 ls la[;kvksa ds xq.kk esa vkSj la[;kvksa esa 1 tksMus ij cuus okys iSVuZ dks le>uk vkfnA xq.kk vkSj Hkkx esa iSVuZ igpkuuk] cksMZj vkSj VkbZYl ds fy, iSVuZ rS;kj djus dk iz;kl djukA vkd`fr;ka vkSj LFkkfud le> cPps fofHkUu vkd`fr;ksa dks igpku ldsaxsa] vkd`fr;ksa ds vk/kkj ij mUgsa lewg esa j[k ik;saxsa] muesa vUrj dj ldssaxsa] MkWV fxzM ij lh/kh vkSj frjNh ykbZuksa dk mi;ksx djrs gq, viuh ilUn dh vkd`fr cuk ldsaxsaA fofHkUu izdkj ds dks.kksa ds ckjs esa viuh le> iznf'kZr dj ik;saxsaA dks.kksa dks [kkst ldsaxsaA fofHkUu izdkj ds dks.kksa esa vUrj dj ldsaxsa] fofHkUu izdkj dh vkd`fr;ka cuk ldsaxsaA 2&Mh vkd`fr;ksa esa lh/kh vkSj pØh; lefefr (symmetry) dks [kkst lduk vkSj 3 Mh phtksa esa lefefr dks ns[k ikukA la[;k i)fr vkSj ewyHkwr lafØ;k;sa rhu vadksa okyh la[;kvksa ds ckjs esa viuh le> dks crk lduk vkSj mudks fxu lduk rFkk mudk lewghdj.k dj ikukA LFkkuh; eku dk mi;ksx djrs gq, la[;kvksa dk foLrkj dj ikukA la[;k i)fr esa LFkkuh; eku dh Hkwfedk dks le> lduk vkSj mls lafØ;kvksa ds ,Yxksfjn~e ls tksMdj ns[k ikukA fdlh nh gqbZ la[;k esa fdlh nwljh la[;k ls Hkkx nsus ds fofo/k rjhdksa dh le> dks iznf'kZr dj ldukA tSls& lewghdj.k }kjk] ckj&ckj ?kVkus ds }kjk] xq.kk ds fu;eksa dks mi;ksx djds vkfnA iw.kkZad vkSj muds xq.kksa dks le>uk ifjes; la[;kvksa ds xq.kksa dk o.kZu dj ikuk vkSj mUgsa lkekU; :i esa crk ikukA rhu vadksa okyh la[;kvksa dks fofo/k izdkj ls tksM vkSj ?kVk lduk tSls& iqu% lewghdj.k }kjk] vkaf'kd tksM vkSj ?kVko }kjk vkfnA ,Yxksfjn~e dk mi;ksx djrs gq, nks vkSj rhu vadksa dh la[;kvksa ds xq.kk dj ldukA iw.kkZdksa vkSj ifjes; la[;kvksa esa lHkh lafØ;k;sa dj ikukA layXud fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 62
  • 65. ,Yxksfjn~e dk mi;ksx djrs gq, nks vadksa dh la[;kvksa ds xq.kk dj ldukA 2] 3] 4] 5] vkSj 10 ds lkFk xq.kk ds fu;eksa dks [kkstukA pkjksa ewyHkwr lafØ;kvksa dk nSfud thou dh xfrfof/k;ksa esa mi;ksx dj lduk vkSj nSfud thou ls lEcfU/kr leL;kvksa dks xf.krh; :i esa ifjofrZr dj gy dj ldukA bl fu"d"kZ ij igqapuk fd fdUgha nks ifjes; la[;kvksa ds chp esa vla[; ifjes; la[;k;sa gksrh gSaA  lewghdj.k vFkok igkMksa dh enn ls Hkkx dj ikukA xq.kt vkSj xq.kd dh vo/kkj.kk dks Li'V djus ds fy, dh tkus okyh xfrfof/k;ksa esa lfØ; :i ls Hkkx ys ikukA fofo/k rjhdksa dk mi;ksx djrs gq, la[;kvksa esa oxZ] oxZewy] ?ku vkSj ?kuewy fudky ldukA 2] 3] 5] 9 vkSj 10 dh foHkktdrk ds fu;e ds fy, rØ vkSj oS/k dkj.k ns ikukA fHkUu vkSj n'keyo ¼la[;kvksa vkSj lafØ;kvksa esa½ fHkUu dh vo/kkj.kk dh le> iznf'kZr djuk] fHkUu dks ,d ds fgLls ds :i esa fy[k ikuk] fHkUuksa ds tksM ,oa ?kVko dj ldukA fHkUuksa ds Hksnksa dh le>A fHkUuksa ij lHkh lafØ;k;sa dj ldukA n'keyo dks le>ukA n'keyo esa lafØ;k;sa dj ikukA fHkUu vkSj n'keyo ds lEcU/k dks le>ukA eqnzk eqnzk dh vo/kkj.kk le>uk] nSfud thou esa [knhnnkjh ds fy, eqnzk dk mi;ksx dj ldukA :i;s dk iSls esa vkSj iSlksa dks :i;ksa esa cny lduk vkSj :i;ksa dks iSlksa esa cnyukA nSfud thou dh xfrfof/k;ksa esa tksMus vkSj ?kVkus esa eqnzk dk mi;ksx dj ldukA [kjhnnkjh ds nkSjku ekufld :i ls tksMus vkSj ?kVkus dk dke dj ikuk] bdkbZ nj ds vk/kkj ij fdlh lkeku dh dqy nj irk yxk ikukA Ekkiu& yEckbZ vekud bdkbZ tSls fcykan ls yEckbZ ekiuk] yEckbZ dh ekud bdkbZ ehVj dk mi;ksx dj lduk] NksVh yEckbZ dks ukius ds fy, ,d ehVj ds ls.VhehVj esa Hkkx djus dks le>uk lkekU;r;k mi;ksx esa vkus okyh yEckbZ dh cMh vkSj NksVh bdkbZ ¼ehVj] ls.VhehVj½ dks le>uk] ,d&nwljh bdkbZ;ksa esa cnyuk] vius vkl&ikl dh phtksa tSls& pkjikbZ] d{kkd{k vkfn dh yEckbZ uki lduk nks LFkkuksa ds chp dh nwjh dk vuqeku yxkuk] yEckbZ@nwjh ls lEcfU/kr nSfud thou dh leL;kvksa ds lek/kku ds fy, pkjksa lafØ;kvksa dk mi;ksx dj ldukA n{krk Lrj 1 ¼d{kk 3½ Lrj 2 ¼d{kk 5½ Lrj 3 ¼d{kk 8½ la[;k i)fr vkSj ewyHkwr lafØ;k;sa layXud fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 63
  • 66. Ekkiu& Hkkj Hkkj dh cMh vkSj NksVh bdkbZ;ksa esa lEcU/k ns[kuk] ,d&nwljh bdkbZ;ksa esa cnyuk] okLrfod rjktw dk mi;ksx djrs gq, fofHkUu phtksa dk otu irk djukA vekud bdkbZ tSls NksVk iRFkj dk mi;ksx djrs gq, lkekU; phtksa dk otu irk djuk vkSj mldh rqyuk djukA ;g le>uk fd vyx&vyx vkdkj dh phtksa dk otu ,d tSlk gks ldrk gSA ekiu& /kkfjrk@vk;ru rjy inkFkZ dh /kkfjrk dk vuqeku yxkuk rFkk ekud bdkbZ }kjk mls ekidj vuqeku dh tkap djuk] nksuksa ds vUrj dh x.kuk djukA fdlh Bksl pht ds vk;ru dk vUnktk yxkukA ?ku] ?kukHk dk vk;ru irk djukA fofHkUu ik=ksa dh /kkfjrk dk vuqeku yxkuk] vekud bdkbZ;ksa tSls& ex] pEep vkfn ds ek/;e ls fofHkUu ik=ksa dh /kkfjrk dh rqyuk djuk] /kkfjrk ekius ds fy, lkekU; mi;ksx esa vkus okyh bdkbZ yhVj dk mi;ksx dj ldukA le; fofHkUu ifjfpr ?kVukvksa ds le;kUrjky dk irk djus ds fy, ekufld :i ls tksM&?kVko dj ikukA nks rkjh[kksa ds chp esa vkus okys fnuksa dh x.kuk dj ldukA nks le;ksa ds chp es ?k.Vs vkSj feuVksa dh x.kuk dj ikukA igys gks pqdh vFkok vkxs gksus okyh fofHkUu xfrfof/k;ksa esa de vkSj vf/kd le; dh le> dks iznf'kZr djukA v[kckjksa esa fn, x, ljy xzkQ dk fo'ys'k.k djuk vkSj fu"d"kZ fudkyukA ?kMh ns[kuk vkSj ?k.Vksa esa lgh le; crk ikukA fnu vFkok rkjh[k irk djus ds fy, dyS.Mj dks le>ukA fdlh rkjh[k ds fy, fnu vkSj fnu ds fy, rkjh[k ds ckjs esa dyS.Mj ns[kdj tkuukA vkadMksa dk izcU/ku nks pjksa ij vkadMs bdV~Bs djuk] mUgsa lkj.kh] fp= xzkQ vkSj@;k ckj xzkQ esa O;ofLFkr djuk fdlh tkudkjh dks vius rjhds ls fjdkWMZ djuk vkSj mldh O;k[;k esa vkus okyh leL;k dk o.kZu dj ldukA fiNyh ckj ds vuqHkoksa ds vk/kkj ij fdlh ?kVuk ds gksus dh ifjdYiuk dj ikuk tSls& ikls vFkok flDds dks Qsadus ij D;k vkuk pkkfg,&bldh ifjdYiuk djukA n{krk Lrj 1 ¼d{kk 3½ Lrj 2 ¼d{kk 5½ Lrj 3 ¼d{kk 8½ layXud fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 64
  • 67. fn, x, vkadMksa ls fudyus okys eq[; fcUnwvksa dks le>uk vkSj muls fu"d"k fudky ldukA vkadMksa ds ladyu ds fy, VSyh ekØ dk mi;ksx djuk vkSj fp= ds :i esa mUgsa izLrqr dj lduk tSls& fiDVksxzke vkSj ckjxzkQ fjdkWMZ dh xbZ tkudkjh ls fu"d"kZ fudkyus ds fy, nwljksa ds lkFk ppkZ esa Hkkx ys ldukA chtxf.kr] vuqikr] lekuqikr] T;kfefr] {ks=fefr lkekU; chtxf.krh; O;atd] nks chtxf.krh; O;atdksa dk xq.kk] chtxf.krh; O;atd dks lehdj.k esa O;Dr djuk] xq.kk vkSj Hkkx ls lEcfU/kr ,d pj okys lehdj.k gy dj ikuk fdlh lUnHkZ esa vkus ijA ,fdd fu;e vkSj vuqikr vkSj lekuqikr esa lEcU/k]] vuqikr vkSj lekuqikr dh le> izfr'kr] ykHk&gkfu vkSj ljy ,oa pØo`f) C;kt dh vo/kkj.kk dk nSfud thou esa mi;ksx dj ikukA ltkrh; vkSj fotkrh; pjksa ls lEcfU/kr leL;kvksa ds lek/kku ds fy, fu;e cukukA le; vkSj dke ls lEcfU/kr leL;kvksa dk lek/kku dj ldukA prqHkqZt ds pkjksa dks.kksa dk ;ksx djuk vkSj prqHkqZt ds fdlh dks.k dk irk djus lEcU/kh leL;kvksa dk lek/kku dj ldukA f=Hkqt ds xq.kksa dks le>uk ikbFkksxksjl izes; dk mi;ksx djuk f=Hkqt dh jpuk djukA vkadMksa dk izcU/ku n{krk Lrj 1 ¼d{kk 3½ Lrj 2 ¼d{kk 5½ Lrj 3 ¼d{kk 8½ layXud fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 65
  • 68. lekUrj prqHkqZt dh fo'ks'krk;sa crkuk vkSj dkj.k dk irk yxkuk fd ,d fo'ks'krk nwljh ls dSls lEcfU/kr gSA lery tSls dkxt] cksMZ] nhokj vkfn ij 3 Mh vkd`fr cukukA dksus vkSj fdukjksa esa lEcU/k igpkuuk vkSj mudk lkekU;hdj.k djukA prqHkqZt dh jpuk djukA vleku Hkqtkvksa okys vkSj cgqHkqt vkd`fr dk {ks=Qy irk djuk oxZ fxzM dk mi;ksx djrs gq,A ?ku vkSj ?kukHk dk lrgh {ks=Qy Kkr djuk n{krk Lrj 1 ¼d{kk 3½ Lrj 2 ¼d{kk 5½ Lrj 3 ¼d{kk 8½ fØ;kUo;u lanf'kZdk ek/;fed f'k{kk rS;kjh dk;ZØe 66 layXud