community health nursing, public heath, nursing, contraception, contraceptive methods, family planning, india

1. 07-04-2015 1

2. 07-04-2015 NEETHU LIZAJOSE 2
INTRODUCTION
• A significant achievement of the family welfare
programme has been achieved of fertility rate
from 6.4 in 1950 to 4.2 in 1980. the national
target is to achieve a family size of 2.3 children
by 2000 A.D. All the efforts are being made
through mass communication that the concept
of ‘ Small family norms’ is accepted , adopted
and woven into lifestyle of people. India
adopted the goal of universalizing the two child
norm by the end of century.

3. • The size of family affects
the quality of life of human
beings. family life affects in
following spheres of life:
3

4. Complementary
Feeding
Feeding
of sick children
Breastfeeding
Anemia Iodine
Vitamin A
Women’s Nutrition
Essential Nutrition (small doable actions)

5. HUMA
N
NEEDS
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In any society ,other
things being equal, the
larger the size of family
the relatively small per
capita income share of
basic needs for
individuals and family.
similarly declining the
size of family results in
bigger capita share
required for existence
and development.
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6. INCOME
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Thus increase in family
size lowers the per
capita income. The
lower per capita income
leads to low domestic
savings lesser
resources for economic
development which
further leads to small
rate of economic
development of family
and community

7. Nutrition:
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An increase in
family size results
in decrease in per
capita food and
nutrition and
health standards.

8. HEALTH
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Large morbidity and
mortality amongst
mothers and
children .Early
marriage followed by
too early pregnancy,
too many children,
till advanced
reproductive age of
mother, affect the
health of the mother
as well as child.

9. EDUCATION
Family size is
seen to be
related to
education ,where
the mother
education is high,
the family size is
usually smaller
and infant
mortality is also
lower.
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10. HAZARDS OF LARGE AND UNPLANNED FAMILY
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• Too early marriages leads to hazards and
pregnancy and child birth i.e. abortion, still
birth, premature birth and increase chances
to develop cancer of cervix, also
discontinuation of job and education.
• Too early pregnancy leads to increase risk
from pregnancy and child birth , LBW,
sickness and ill health mother, increasing
mortality and morbidity rate.

11. • Too frequent pregnancies lead to LBW, cancer
and also economic hardships. parents
attention is divided among children.
• Too many pregnancies also lead to un
happiness and disharmony in the family and
difficulty in providing proper education to
children.
• The late pregnancies lead to lose social status
and also congenital abnormalities.
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12. ADVANTAGES OF ADOPTING
SMALL FAMILY NORM
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• A small planned family has many advantages
and benefits. The planning for a family starts
from marriage at proper age. The safest time
for pregnancy for health of both the mother
and child is when she is 20 to 30 years.The
reasonable gap between two children will give
mother sufficient time to replinsh her body
nutrients depleted during to the earlier
pregnancy.

13. ADVANTAGES
FOR MOTHER
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1. Maintain her health
2. Loss of fear about
unwanted pregnancy
3. Less strain and worry
due to less children.
4. More time and energy
for children
5. Have more time for
education, vocational.
6. Better job
opportunities
7. Can save childs
health.
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14. ADVANTAGES
TO CHILD.
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Child will have
conducive
atmosphere for his
proper physical and
psychological
growth and
development.
Child gets proper
nutrition, education,
prenatal care and
love.
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15. ADVANTAGES
TO FATHER
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1. Father can
provide children
with better
education,
comfort ,food
clothing,
recreation
2. He will be more
relaxed and enjoy
good health.
3. He will improve
living standards,
better health.

16. ADVANTAGES
FOR
COMMUNITY
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1. Small family leads to
conservation of
natural resources and
savings.
2. Small family norm
helps the nation to
have enough schools,
hospitals,and other
basic services.
3. Small family yeilds
more employement
4. Happiness, peace,
harmony and
prosperity.

17. Practices for small family norm
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Small family norm has to become a way of
life, for this population should be educated.
1. The goal of health worker should be:
Supply necessary information ,for education
and motivation.
Assist client to evaluate contraceptive
information and services.
To encourage them for continuos use of
contraception

18. • 2. the health personnel should be properly
trained with proper knowledge to motivate
people.
• 3. The service agency should be properly
geared for effective implementation,
monitoring and evaluation of contraceptive
services.
• 4. Effective delivery of contraceptive services
at the door step of people is effective.
• 5. for promoting acceptance of FP the IMR
has to be brought down.
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19. Barriers Of Small Family Norm
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• Efforts are being made in two ways:
INFORMATIONAND
SERVICES TO
PEOPLE
CHANGE THEASSOCIATED
ENVIRONMENT FACTORS
I.E. INCREASE IN FEMALE
LITERACY INC STATUS OF
WOMEN,
IMPROVING CONDITIONS

20. Barriers:
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Religious point: desiring a son
Children considered social security
at old age.
Ethical uneasiness about MTP.
Death rate of infant is high
Lack of recreation.

21. In Order To Remove Barriers
,Government Should Take Certain
Measures
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Provide recreation facilities.
Educate poor and illiterate regarding small
family norm
Voluntary maternity of women should have
a proper place of information.
Make FP programme a peoples
programme.
Role of voluntarily organisations.