How many additional bits of data are represented by each symbol in 16-QAM compared with: (a) QPSK ? (b) BPSK? (c) Using the figure below, determine, for a target BER of 1 0 3 , what is, approximately, the SNR value (in dB ), required by each of: (i) QPSK (ii) 8 PSK (iii) 16 QAM (d) What can you conclude in terms of power consumption to reach the target BER?.