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Scaling out WordPress with horizontal scaling
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Konstantin Kovshenin
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A talk about scaling WordPress horizontally given at WordCamp Whitley Bay 2023.
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Scaling out WordPress with horizontal scaling
1.
Scaling out with WordPress Konstantin
Kovshenin
2.
3.
Shared Hosting
4.
Shared Hosting
5.
Shared Hosting
6.
Shared Hosting Web Server Database
Server Mail Server
7.
Making Changes File Manager WordPress
Dashboard FTP/SSH
8.
9.
Vertical Scaling More CPU More
RAM More Disk
10.
Dedicated, VPS
11.
But we’re in
the CLOUD now! Same sh*t…
12.
Vertical Scaling Easy Downtime Physical limitations Some
things don’t scale One server
13.
Horizontal Scaling
14.
15.
Just
16.
Just add
17.
Just add more
18.
Just add more
SERVERS!
19.
Horizontal Scaling Less limitations High
availability & fault tolerance Cost efficiency Complexity
20.
21.
22.
Web Server Web Server
23.
Database Server dev.mysql.com mariadb.org
24.
Primary Replica dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication.html mariadb.com/kb/en/standard-replication
25.
Database HyperDB LudicrousDB ProxySQL MaxScale github.com/automattic/hyperdb github.com/stuttter/ludicrousdb proxysql.com/ mariadb.com/kb/en/maxscale/
26.
27.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_File_System gluster.org ceph.io github.com/humanmade/S3-Uploads github.com/s3fs-fuse/s3fs-fuse aws.amazon.com/storagegateway/file/s3/ Media NFS GlusterFS Ceph S3 / S3
Uploads / FUSE / Gateway
28.
Load Balancer
29.
30.
nginx.org haproxy.org varnish-cache.org Load Balancing Nginx HAProxy Varnish
31.
2x Load Balancers 2x
Web Servers 2x Database Server 2x Storage Servers
32.
github.com/features/actions circleci.com capistranorb.com ansible.com fabfile.org aws.amazon.com/codestar cloud.google.com/build Deployment GitHub Actions, CircleCI Capistrano,
Ansible, Fabric AWS CodeBuild, CodeDeploy Google Cloud Build/Deploy
33.
Backups Source control Shared storage
backups Database snapshots Configuration backups
34.
vs £200 £1600
35.
vs £200 £1600
36.
Latency
37.
Scalability ≠ Performance
38.
vs £200 £1600 1 RPM
39.
vs £200 £1600 50k RPM
40.
Object Caching Redis Memcache 2x github.com/pantheon-systems/wp-redis github.com/Automattic/wp-memcached
41.
Page Caching Batcache Cache at
LB Cache at CDN github.com/Automattic/batcache nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_proxy_module.html
42.
Cron Jobs Cavalcade ActionScheduler 1x github.com/humanmade/Cavalcade actionscheduler.org
43.
Emails Postfix Exim Amazon SES 1x postfix.org exim.org aws.amazon.com/ses
44.
elastic.co/elastic-stack Logging Elasticsearch Logstash Kibana 3x
45.
newrelic.com grafana.com/products/cloud datadoghq.com grafana.com/oss nagios.org munin-monitoring.org Monitoring Grafana Nagios Munin 1x New Relic Grafana Cloud Datadog
46.
cloud.google.com/logging learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-monitor/overview aws.amazon.com/cloudwatch Cloud Google Cloud Logging Microsoft
Azure Monitor Amazon CloudWatch
47.
Containers
48.
49.
Just
50.
Just add
51.
Just add more
52.
Just add more
CONTAINERS!
53.
Getting Started VirtualBox KVM, virt-manager XenServer Docker
Compose, Minikube virtualbox.org en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel-based_Virtual_Machine virt-manager.org xenserver.com docs.docker.com/compose minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs
54.
kovshenin@gmail.com konstantin.blog humanmade.com Photos from unsplash.com Icons
from flaticon.com
55.
fin
Download now