Basit IT Knowledge

1. By: Daniel Karjadi

2. Background & Purpose
 Regular Briefing
 Lack of IT Basic Knowledge
 If you don’t know, listen
 If you know better, speak
 To make a better workplace
 By Knowing the Basics we understand the Advanced
 By Sharing we Learn more
 Weekly every Tuesday 3pm by PIC
 In-between: Readings, Study, Tests, Feedback

3. Timeline
 Dec’10: Intro
 Jan’11: PC
 Feb’11: OS
 Mar’11: Network Data & Voice
 Apr’11: Server
 May’11: .NET
 Jun’11: SAP BASIS
 Jul’11: SOA & SAP BW
 Aug’11: SAP MM
 Sept’11: SAP PS & PP
 Oct’11: SAP FICO
 Nov’11: SAP BPC
 Dec’11: IT Management
 2012: Advanced and Applied matters

4. Topics
 The Wisdoms
 IT – Technical
 IT – Management

5. The Wisdom 1
 All is created twice:
 In Mind
 In Reality
Study Build
Nothing Plan Reality
Create Work
Innovate Tell
To help you “Plan”
What is Logaritm for ?
What is Math for ?
What is Fourier Transform for ?

6. The Wisdom 2
 At t=0 S is closed
 V(t) = i(t).(R+r)
S
 Vc(t) = 1/C ∫ i(dt)
E C R, r
V
i(t)
E
If this is “the plan”
What is the reality ? t
0

7. The Wisdom 3
 Learn from the Human Body
(God, the Maha Guru, speaks not only from The Bible, the Revelation or enlightment)
CREATURE lives in its NATURE = space & time
Space: 1D, 2D, 3D, 4D etc..
Time: chronological, freeze, in the past, in the future, balanced, omnipotence
The composition makes the “character”

8. OTAK
HEART
PERUT
SELANGKANGAN
WEAKNESS

9. SKULL
RIBS
BELLY
NONE !!!
EXPOSED !!!!

10. OTAK
HATI
Higher
Level PERUT
Of Thinking SELANGKANGAN
CENTER
OF
THINKING

11. OTAK
LOGIKA
EMOSI
HATI
Higher
Level PERUT
PERUT (Makan)
Of Thinking SELANGKANGAN
CENTER
OF
THINKING

12. Phylosophy
Ethics
Closed, Emotion,
Mind, Think, Idea
Exposed, Physical,
Behaviour

13. Isi Otak(Phylosophy)
From the most Physical to the most Logical
 Bijaksana
 Baik / Jahat (Ethics) BRAINWARE
 Open-minded (Attitude)
 Berpengetahuan Luas SOFTWARE
(Knowledge)
 Pinter (Smart) HARDWARE
 Kosong (Bodoh)

14. IT - Technical
Basic computing
 hardware, software, brainware Diagnosis and troubleshooting
 high level & low level language  Client
 Computer / PC (x86) architecture  Network
 Prosesor: RISC, CISC, x86  Server
 http://www.brokenthorn.com/Resources/OSDev7.html
 Server technologies: Processor, memory, storage, network, OS Installation, configuring and upgrading
 Proc: multi, distributed, cluster, cloud,  Windows workstation
 Mem: BIOS, PCI, PCI-express, DDR, DDR-2  Windows Server
 Net: teaming  Unix server
 Storage: Mirror, RAID 0-5, SAN, DAS, IDE, SCSI, SATA
 OS: VM, cluster, terminal server RDBMS
SQL
Basic networking Oracle
 Topology
 OSI Layer Cisco
 Physical .NET
 Ethernet (CSMA/CD), Token ring SOA
 TCP/IP
 Upper layer SAP
 Other protocols: routed, routing, UDP, SNMP, FTP, TELNET, LDAP,  Basis
SMB, RIP, EIGRP, OSPF, BGP, ISIS  MM
 SMB, NETBEUI, BPDU, SPT,  PP
 Firewall, Load balancer, NAS, VPN, RAS, PPTP, L2TP, Tunneling,  PS
 Radio, wireless, wifi, wimax  FICO
Operating System fundamentals BW / BI / Cognos
 Intro SAP BPC
 Unix
 Windows

15. IT - Management
 Configuration Management
 Problem Management
 Change Management
 Project Management
 Vendor Management
 BPI
 SDLC
 System Analyst
 Adaptive Infrastructure
 Internet Infrastructure Management

16. Basic PC Architecture
From The Von Neumann "Stored Program Computer" Concept
Personal Note:
“My” CMS is based on
this architecture design
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_register
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Von_Neuman

17. The Processor (CPU)
http://cayfer.bilkent.edu.tr/~cayfer/ctp203/review.html

18. Intel Processor –EvolutionReal Mode
 8086 (x86) + FPU/MathCo 8087 16 bit on DOS (PC),
 8088 – 16/20 bit, on DOS (PC XT), MEMDISK, Memory Resident
Program
 80286 + FPU (287) – Protected Mode 16/24 bit, on OS2 / DOS (PC AT)
 80386 + FPU (387) – 32 bit, on DOS/Win3x, OS2
 80486 – Integrated FPU, on WinNT
 Pentium – L1 cache, Pipelining, 64/32 bit, WinNT 64
 Itanium – L2 cache, multiple proc in 1, WinNT64
 dst
Die of an Intel 80486DX2 microprocessor (actual
size: 12×6.75 mm) in its packaging.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Intel_microprocessors
http://www.intel.com/products/processor/index.htm

19. Multitasking

20. Windows Phone 7 stands on multitasking http://gizmodo.com/5512656/how-multitasking-works-in-the-new-iphone-os-40
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc767883.aspx

21. CISC vs RISC PROCESSOR
http://fourier.eng.hmc.edu/e85/lectures/instruction/node13.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RISC

22. Modern PC Architecture

23. Old design
Old design
client
server
New design
client New design
server
new design
client
http://www.inno-logic.com/resourcesPCIE.html

24. portable

25. Isi Otak(Phylosophy)
From the most Physical to the most Logical
 Bijaksana
 Baik / Jahat (Ethics) BRAINWARE
 Open-minded (Attitude)
 Berpengetahuan Luas SOFTWARE
(Knowledge)
 Pinter (Smart) HARDWARE
 Kosong (Bodoh)

26. Changing role of the BIOS
Some operating systems, for example MS-DOS, rely on the BIOS to carry out most input/output
tasks within the PC.[9]
Larger, more powerful, servers and workstations using PowerPC or SPARC CPUs by several
manufacturers developed a platform-independent Open Firmware (IEEE-1275), based on
the Forth programming language. It is included with Sun's SPARC computers, IBM's RS/6000
line, and other PowerPC CHRP motherboards.
Later x86-based personal computer operating systems, like Windows NT, use their own, native drivers
which also makes it much easier to extend support to new hardware, while the BIOS still relies
on a legacy 16-bit real mode runtime interface.
There was a similar transition for the Apple Macintosh, where the system software originally relied
heavily on the ToolBox—a set of drivers and other useful routines stored in ROM based on
Motorola's 680x0 CPUs. These Apple ROMs were replaced by Open Firmware in the PowerPC
Macintosh, then EFI in Intel Macintosh computers.
Later BIOS took on more complex functions, by way of interfaces such as ACPI; these functions
include:
• power management,
• hot swapping,
• thermal management.
Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) is a specification which replaces the runtime interface of
the legacy BIOS. Initially written for the Itanium architecture, EFI is now available for x86
and x86-64 platforms; the specification development is driven by The Unified EFI Forum, an
industry Special Interest Group.
Linux has supported EFI via the elilo boot loader. The Open Source community increased their
effort to develop a replacement for proprietary BIOSes and their future incarnations with an
open sourced counterpart through the coreboot and OpenBIOS/Open Firmware projects.
AMD provided product specifications for some chipsets, and Google is sponsoring the project.
Motherboard manufacturer Tyan offers coreboot next to the standard BIOS with their
Opteron line of motherboards. MSI and Gigabyte Technology have followed suit with the MSI
K9ND MS-9282 and MSI K9SD MS-9185 resp. the M57SLI-S4 models.
Some BIOSes contain a "SLIC", a digital signature placed inside the BIOS by the manufacturer,
for example Dell. This SLIC is inserted in the ACPI table and contains no active code.
Computer manufacturers that distribute OEM versions of Microsoft Windows and Microsoft
application software can use the SLIC to authenticate licensing to the OEM Windows
Installation disk and/or system recovery disc containing Windows software.
Recent Intel processors (P6 and P7) have reprogrammable microcode. The BIOS may contain
patches to the processor code to allow errors in the initial processor code to be fixed,
updating the processor microcode each time the system is powered up. Otherwise, an
expensive processor swap would be required.[10] For example, the Pentium FDIV bug became
an expensive fiasco for Intel that required a product recall because the original Pentium did
not have patchable microcode.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOS

28. Harddisk Architecture

29. File Systems
FAT: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc776720(WS.10).aspx
NTFS: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc781134(WS.10).aspx

30. http://www2.cs.uregina.ca/~hamilton/courses/330/notes/allocate/allocate
http://bandwidthco.com/cf.html