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Foetal Circulation.pptx
- 2. OUTLINE Normal fetal circulation Changes in fetal circulation Postnatally Post – natal components/ Remnants
- 5. Foetal circulation is different . As lungs are not used during foetal stage , pulmonary arterialcirculatio n is non functional which results in formation of SHUNTS .
- 7. Normal foetal circulation Foetal Blood goes to Placenta through 2 UMBILICAL ARTERIES. Blood from Placenta is taken to baby through 1 UMBILICAL VEIN.(OXYGENAT
- 8. UMBILICAL VENOUS BLOOD GOES TO LIVER In liver small amount goes to sinusoids , and large portion goes to IVC through DUCTUS VENOSUS. (1st shunt). - Blood then drains to IVC through hepaticvenous system. IVC also brings blood from lower part of body. Then blood goes in right atrium. In between right and left atrium, there is FORAMEN OVALE (2nd Shunt), So blood enters left atrium through FO (hole in septum secundum). Septum primum is also present between RA and LA . Blood from LA drains to LV and then to AORTA
- 9. Oygenated blood from mother (placenta) enters foetus Umbilical vein Enters foetal liver Ductus venosus IVC ( blood from other parts of body) + SVC Right atrium Foramen Ovale Tricuspid valve left atrium(large amount) Right ventricle(small amt) Left Ventricle Pulmonary system (as lungs are not functioning little goes to lungs) Ductus arteriosus Aorta Umbilical Artery Placenta
- 10. Changes in fetal circulation postnatally After birth Placenta is not needed to serve baby. Also after Umbilical cord is cut , UA and UV are no more needed. UA Constrict and then UV Constrict. Birth-----First cry----Lungs expands----no resistance for blood in pulmonary circulation---- blood then gets oxygenated in lungs-----left atrium---left ventricle---- aorta---– reversal of Ductus Arteriosus.
- 11. High o2 , high bradykinin and low PGe2 causes blockage of ductus arteriosus. Pressure in left atrium increases and pressure in right atrium decreases
- 12. AFTER BIRTH UMBILICAL CORD IS CUT Pulmonarty artery constricts---- blood going to placenta stops--- -----1ST UA Constricts ----- UV constricts------DV Closes----- Pressure in LA increases ---- FO closes (its remanants forms fossa ovalis)-----DA closes.
- 13. Post – natal components/ Remnants 5 CHANGES AFTER BIRTH Umbilical vein ----- ligamentum teres Ductus Venosus ----- ligamentum venosus Foramen ovale ----- fossa ovalis Ductus arteriosus ---- ligamentum arteriosum Umbilical arteries ---- medial umbilical artery Internal illiac artery and superior vesical artery
Editor's Notes
- Small amount of blood goes to right ventricle then to pulmonary artery and then to Aorta through shunt. SVC +IVC ---- RA---RV --- PA--- LUNGS----PV ----LA----LV --- AORTA----ORGANS----SVC+IVC
- Right ventricle ---- pulmonary artery ----- lungs
- Lungs when undergoses 1st inflation , releases bradykinin. After birth, the ductus arteriosus normally closes within two or three days. This occurs by contraction of the muscles of the ductus; which are sensitive to oxygen, acetylcholine, bradykinin, and endothelin.Acetaminophen/paracetamol shows promise for treating a patent ductus arterious. Multiple small studies show close equivalence to indomethacin and ibuprofen, although it may be less effective in infants previously treated with indomethacin or ibuprofen or in the smallest infants. It is administered intravenously 15mg/kg/dose every 6 hours for 3 to 8 days, and most studies were 3 days, continuing to 6 days if closure was not achieved. Liver enzymes should be monitored for toxicity
- UA consricts 1st cause we need to first stop blood following to placenta