The document discusses novel methods in the management of diabetes that will be presented by a panel of speakers. The panel will cover topics such as continuous glucose monitoring, insulin pumps and pens, smart insulin capsules, use of intestinal bacteria and fecal microbiota transplant to treat diabetes, artificial pancreas systems, diabetes patches, immunotherapy and vaccines, pancreatic islet transplant, and pancreatic stem cell replacement therapy. The objectives are for attendees to learn about diabetes, innovations in diabetes management, and acquire skills to manage diabetes using recent innovations.

1. NOVEL METHODS IN THE
MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES
“A PANNEL DISCUSSION”

4. PROFORMA OF THE PANNEL
•TOPIC OF THE DISCUSSION :Novel methods in the management of Diabetes
•VENUE : Vijay Marie CON ,Auditorium
•DATE : 24.11.2022
•DURATION : 60min of which 50min is for the panelists and 10min for discussion
•MODERATOR : Ms.Athira Madhu
•GROUP : B.sc (N) students,VMCON
•GUIDES : Medical-Surgical Nursing Department
•A.V AIDS : Power Point slides

5. OBJECTIVES
GENERAL OBJECTIVE : By the end of the panel discussion the delegates will gain knowledge regarding
diabetes mellitus and various innovations in management of diabetes, develop a positive attitude, and
acquire skills in managing the diabetes mellitus with the recent innovations.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
By the end of the panel discussion the delegates will be able to:
 define diabetes mellitus
 recall the incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus
 enlist and appraise the recent innovations in managing diabetes mellitus

6. LIST OF TOPICS THAT WILL BE DISCUSSED
1. Introduction, definition and incidence :Ms.Athira
2. Continuous glucose monitoring :Ms.Vanaja
3. Insulin Pumps : Ms.Hemavathi
4. Insulin Pens :Ms.Rebecca Philip
5. Smart insulin : Ms.Aleena
6. Intestinal bacteria as a treatment for DM : Ms.Mehfeen
7. Dia (drug in adhesive) patches :Ms.Irin
8. Artificial Pancreas : Ms.Tresa Agnes
9. Immunotherapy, pancreatic islet transplant, stem cell derived fully differentiated pancreatic
stem cell replacement therapy : Ms.Rishika

9. CONTINOUS GLUCOSE MONITORING

10. CARE OF CGM
 The sensor needs to be replaced every 3 to 7 days, depending on the model
used. Whenever the sensor is changed, the transmitter has to be attached to the
new sensor.
 Some devices need to be calibrated by checking the blood glucose on a glucose
meter twice a day.

11. INSULIN PUMPS
•Insulin pumps are small, computerized devices. They are
about the size of a small cell phone. Insulin pumps
deliver doses of insulin on a pre-programmed schedule.
One can wear an insulin pump:
•Attached to a strap under clothes.
•In the pocket.
•On the belt.
•With an adhesive patch on stomach or arm.

13. INSULIN PUMPS-SITES OF CANULA
INSERTION
Common insulin pump
brands include:
•Medtronic (MiniMed™).
•Omnipod®.
•Tandem.

14. •Insulin pens don’t eliminate the need to poke with a
needle. They simply make measuring and delivering
insulin less complicated.
•Insulin pens deliver anywhere from .5 to 80 units of
insulin at a time. They can deliver insulin in increments of
one-half unit, one unit, or two units.
•The maximum dose and the incremental amount vary
among pens. The amount of total insulin units in the
cartridges vary as well.
INSULIN PENS

15. INSULIN PENS-STORAGE
•Similar to vials of insulin, insulin pens do not require constant
refrigeration once they’ve been opened. Insulin pens only
require refrigeration before their first use. After its initial use,
simply keep insulin pen out of direct sunlight and in room
temperature
•Insulin pens typically stay good for 7 to 28 days(ACC TO ADA)
after the initial use, depending on the type of insulin they
contain. However, if the expiration date printed on the pen or
cartridge has passed, should not use the insulin.

16. INSULIN PENS-TYPES
•A disposable pen: This contains a
prefilled insulin cartridge. Once used,
the entire pen unit is thrown away.
•A reusable pen: This contains a
replaceable insulin cartridge. Once
empty, a person discards the cartridge
and installs a new one.

17. SMART INSULIN

18. Also called Glucose responsive insulin.
Smart insulin is a next-generation insulin that
automatically responds to changing blood glucose
levels. The lower or higher blood sugar levels are,
less or more insulin.
Earliest smart insulin began 2003
SMART INSULIN

19. • Rests inside the body
and releases insulin
when blood sugars
are too high.
• The capsule contains
molecules that bind to
glucose, and when
glucose levels are
high, the capsule
melts away, releasing
the insulin.
SMART INSULIN CAPSULES

20. INTESTINAL BACTERIA AS A
TREATMENT FOR DM
1)Lactobacillus
johnsonii
1)Lactobacillus
gasseri
1)Romboutsia ilealis
Ruminococcus gnavu

21. INTESTINAL BACTERIA AS A TREATMENT FOR
DM-FECAL MICROBIOTA TRANSPLANT

22. ARTIFICIAL PANCREAS

23. ARTIFICIAL PANCREAS
DUAL HORMONE INSULIN ONLY SYSTEM

24. DIABETIC PATCHES

25. DIABETIC PATCHES

26. DIABETIC PATCHES
• The adhesive patch, about the size of a quarter, is
simple to manufacture and intended to work for 24
hours before needing to be replaced
• An insulin patch can safely provide similarly effective
glycemic management in adults with type 2 diabetes
compared with a standard insulin pen.
• Pull up the edge of the adhesive that keeps your
sensor attached to your skin. Slowly peel away from
your skin in one motion.

27. DIABETIC PATCHES
• Any remaining adhesive residue on the skin can be removed
with warm soapy water or isopropyl alcohol.
• These microneedles are made of a glucose-sensing polymer
and covered with insulin. These needles penetrate just a
millimeter below the surface of the skin, which is enough to
deliver insulin. This way, there are no painful pricks

28. INSULIN PATCHES
•Patch contains live beta cells
which controls rising blood glucose
levels for 10hours at a time.
•Because these beta cells are kept
within the patch on the outside of
the body, there is no danger of
them being rejected by the immune
systems of people with type 1
diabetes.
•Their patch, which rests on the
outside of the body, will use a
system of micro-needles to
automatically detect high blood
glucose levels and administer
insulin appropriately.

29. IMMUNOTHERAPY AS A VACCINE
•Diabetes vaccines attempt to stop the T cells from
attacking the body’s own cells.
•Studies have been able to treat diabetes in mice, but a
working vaccine in humans has yet to receive
pharmaceutical approval.
•Diamyd Medical is a Swedish company that is
undertaking a trial in humans to see if their antigen
vaccine can slow down or even halt type 1 diabetes at
an early stage of its development.

30. PANCREATIC ISLET TRANSPLANT

31. PANCREATIC STEM CELL REPLACEMENT THERAPY