Bipolar Disorder In Children

Bipolar Disorder In Children
Bipolar disorder is a manic–depressive lifelong illness in the brain that causes shifts in mood, energy, activity, and the ability to carry out normal tasks,
but efficient treatment helps people to manage these complications and normalize their daily lives. This illness is a very serious mental disease
affecting about 2.6 percent of adults in the United States that has the power to cause risky behavior and even suicidal tendencies if not treated
(www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/bipolar–disorder/index.shtml). It is more common in older teens and young adults, but it affects children as young
as six years old. It affects men and women, all races, ethnic groups, and socioeconomic classes equally but women experience more periods of
depression than... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The doctor may complete a physical exam to rule out other symptoms and then conduct a mental health evaluation or refer a person to a mental health
professional. People with certain genes are more likely to develop this disorder than others. For example, bipolar disorder typically runs in families so
if a person has a parent or sibling that have this disorder, he is more likely to have it too (www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/bipolar–disorder/index.shtml).
It is also linked to brain structure, brain functioning and environmental factors as well. Periods of high stress, drug or alcohol abuse, major life
changes or a traumatic event are other factors that may increase one's risk of developing bipolar disorder
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I Am A Sign Of Bipolar Disorder
A shift in mood can be a detrimental occurrence for someone. Sometimes they don't even understand why or how to control it. Mood swings,
shifting from a manic state to a depressive state, is considered to be a sign of Bipolar Disorder 1. Bipolar disorder 1 is the tendency of manic
episodes to alternate with major depressive episodes in an unending roller coaster ride from peaks of elation to the depths of despair (Barlow;
Durand, 2015). It affects people 's moods, energy and ability to think clearly, negatively hindering that persons relationship with their peers, ability to
work, get an education, and function normally with a balanced mood ("Bipolar Disorder",n.d). Bradley Cooper plays a middle–aged man, Patrick
Solitano, who suffers from Bipolar Disorder in the movieSilver Linings Playbook. Pat went through many obstacles after a trigger set him off into a
rage that landed him at a mental institution for eight months. He spent his life thinking that he just has a short fuse like his father, but later into his
adulthood he was diagnosed as an undiagnosed Bipolar until later events recognized his disorder as Bipolar Disorder 1. Pat's life events that occur
throughout the movie highlight how severe and dramatizing the disorder can be when unrecognized. In the film, Pats ending may have been a happy
one, but for most Bipolar Disorder patients, it is a stressful long–term illness that is extremely difficult to correct. Part A: Bipolar Disorder 1 symptoms
can be recognized

Bipolar Disorder Essay
In life we all go through experiences that cause our moods to change for better or for worse. There are times that we experience degrees of great
joy and happiness just as other times we experience great sadness and despair. These polar emotional opposites can be brought about by a
cornucopia of circumstances such as the joy and excitement of getting married or the birth of a child to the deep sadness and grief over the loss of a
loved one or one's employment. Feelings of joy and feelings of sadness are normal parts of human life. Some however are unfortunate enough to be
force to cope with these emotions to the extreme and on a regular basis. Some individuals must further cope with an ever present emotion rollercoaster,
switching... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During this time a person may be overly happy or outgoing and may be extremely irritable and feel agitated. During a mania the person's behavior
may change as well; becoming easily distracted jumping from one idea to another, talk fast and/or excessively, taking on new goal oriented tasks
such as projects, suffer from insomnia, and acting on impulses of high risk activities such as gambling, shopping, or sexual gratification. There
also exists a less severe yet still debilitating version of mania known as hypomania. Hypomania is classified as elevated levels of energy and
impulsive behavior that are not as extreme as full blown mania (National Center for, 2010). Hypomanic symptoms may still last for at least four
days and is the main manifestation of bipolar II (Peacock, 2000). On the other end of the spectrum, those suffering from bipolar disorder also go
through periods known as "depressive episodes" characterized by long periods anxiety, feelings of inadequacy or emptiness, feelings of unwarranted
guilt, and helplessness. During these episodes of depression individuals with bipolar disorder may experience behavioral changes such as having issues
concentrating, problems remembering things, and difficulty in making decisions. They may also feel continually tired even when well rested, feel
restless or irritable or experience changes in eating habits. In some cases, during depressive

Bipolar I Disorder (BD): A Case Study
Introduction In the three papers I have submitted this semester on Bipolar I Disorder (BD), I have discussed etiology, subpopulations and
comorbidity, and current gaps in care. In this paper, I will continue to discuss these topics by outlining what kinds of epidemiological evidence are
still needed to improve care for children and adolescents with mental health disorders, identifying anxiety disorders as subpopulation that needs
further research, and giving three recommendations for how we should address gaps in care for those with Bipolar I Disorder. Epidemiological
Evidence Two kinds of evidence that still need to be researched to increase care effectiveness are the specific etiology of Bipolar I Disorder (BD), and
cultural competency.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
My first recommendation is to increase state and federal funding for treatment of mental health disorders. In previous papers, I discussed this at
length and mentioned that while government services account for some financial responsibility, there needs to be more federal grants passed that
increase access to care for those with mental health disorders like BD. My second recommendation is related to the first and would be to increase
access to care in any way possible, whether it be financially or just increasing the number of community treatment facilities in a given area. If those
who need care are not seeking treatment or do not have access to treatment, then they could have worse lifelong outcomes. My third recommendations
is to see mental health and mental illnesses like BD as a lifetime course and will need constant care throughout the person's life. Medication and
psychotherapy will not cure BD, but it can help the person manage their symptoms. I know that I may not rely on medications forever, but I also know
that I will need lifelong treatment for my BD and that just like taking antibiotics–you can't just stop taking them when you feel better and expect to be

Bipolar Is The Most Severe Form Of This Illness
Ryan Bender Cognitive Psychology Bipolar I Disorder December 4, 2015 Bipolar I Disorder Background There are a wide range of mental
disorders, also know also mental illnesses. The conditions of them affect mood, thinking, and behavior. The most common types include major
depressions, anxiety disorder, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, just to name a few. For this paper I am going to discuss and focus on bipolar I
disorder being that it is the most severe form of this illness. Bipolar Disorder is a serious mental illness. Individuals with this disorder experience
common emotions that become intense and often unpredictable. Individuals with bipolar disorder are known to quickly switch from extremes of
happiness, displaying energy and clarity, to sadness, feeling fatigue and confusion. All people with bipolar disorder have manic episodes; irritable
moods that abnormally elevate and last at least a week and that cause damaging functioning. Although they all face mood swings, not all individuals
with this disorder become depressed. The shifts in their moods can be devastating and traumatic. With the extremity of them, individuals may choose
suicide to stop them all together (Kazdin, A. 2000). Bipolar disorder or "manic depression," known by its older name, is a mental disorder that is
characterized by constant mood changes. Individuals experience alternating "highs," what clinicians call "mania" and "lows" also known as depression.
A manic episode

Prevalence Rate For Bipolar I Disorder
Prevalence
The lifetime prevalence rate for Bipolar I Disorder is 0.6% and the 12–month prevalence rate is 0.4% of the overall population (Merikangas et al,
2011). The United States had the highest reported lifetime prevalence of bipolar spectrum disorders with 4.4% and a 12–month prevalence of 2.8%. In
addition, lifetime prevalence rates for bipolar I disorder were found to be slightly higher in males than in females. While much of the reported
prevalence rates for bipolar disorder are based on adults 18 years and older, Merikangas et al. (2010) reported prevalence rates in the United States for
adolescents including 3.3% for males and 2.6% for females. It was also reported that prevalence rates continue to steadily increase throughout ... Show
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In addition, episodes of depression and mania tend to be short and frequent around the time of onset and then lengthen over time with most people
experiencing intermittent episodes throughout their lifetime (Angst & Sellaro, 2000). Since bipolar spectrum disorders are complex in nature, the
overall treatment of this disorder tends to be difficult as nonadherence to treatment is common (Hilty, Leamon, Lim, Kelly, & Hales, 2006).
There are also some gender differences experienced by those with bipolar disorder. Women tend experience bipolar disorder different from men.
Nivoli et al. (2011) reported that in adult onset bipolar disorder, women generally experience an onset of depression and overall depressive
predominance. In addition, they reported that women tend to experience a higher rate of psychotic features and suicidality associated with depression.
However, men tend to experience higher rates of comorbid substance abuse and engage in more violent attempts of suicide.
Youth with bipolar disorder tend to experience persistent disease well into their late adolescent years and adulthood (Wozniak et al, 2010). Individuals
with childhood and adolescent onset as compared to adult onset, tend to be highly correlated with specific illness characteristics including more a
severe course of disease, comorbid anxiety disorders, at least 10 additional lifetime mood episodes, substance use disorders, and

Bipolar Disorder And Mental Health Essay
Everyone has good days and bad days, as some say "Everyone has their up's and down's". Whether it is good or bad most people can control their
moods. Unfortunately, there are people that experience a mood disorder known as Bipolar Disorder. According to the National Institute of Mental
Health about one percent of the American population have been diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Living with a person that has been diagnosed with
bipolar disorder is very difficult, especially not knowing anything about bipolar. There are many questions to be asked. Such as what is the disorder? Is
bipolar disorder heredity? How is the disorder treated? First of all, Bipolar Disorder, also known as manic–depressive order cause's shifts in moods,
energy, activity levels, and the ability to carry out day to day tasks. According to the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder, "There
are different types of bipolar disorder". Bipolar I is manic episodes often followed by severe depression or mixed episodes. Some Symptoms of bipolar
I are increased energy, racing thoughts, decreased need for sleep, increased sex drive, and aggressive behavior. Bipolar I occurs equally in both
sexes. Bipolar II is a pattern of major depressive episodes alternating with episodes of hypomania. Females are more likely to have bipolar II. Feeling
sad, tired, feeling irritable, helpless, not able concentrate, and thoughts or attempts at suicide are just a few symptoms of bipolar II. Having mild form of

Bipolar Disorder And Its Effects On The Lives Of Patients...
When freshman (?) at Frederick Area High School in Frederick, South Dakota, was asked to describe what bipolar disorder is, he said that it refers
to people that "change personalities fast." However, this is only a common misconception. Though the word "bipolar" is often used in
conversations to describe a person that has mood swings, bipolar disorder actually refers to a serious mental illness. According to the Depression
and Bipolar Support Alliance, about 2.6 percent of American adults suffer from a form of bipolar disorder, and about one in five people with
bipolar disorder commits suicide. Despite the impact that bipolar disorder has on the lives of patients and families alike, it is treated casually by
many people across the United States. Even though many treat it flippantly, bipolar disorder is a serious mental ailment, and the public needs to
have a greater understanding of it. There is a dark stigma surrounding mental illness in general, and bipolar disorder is no exception. According to
the Mental Health Commission of Western Australia, a stigma is "a mark of disgrace that sets someone apart." Bipolar disorder is incredibly
misunderstood by society at large, which leads to this stigma, prejudice, and discrimination. In everyday conversation, the word "bipolar" is frequently
used to describe how someone is feeling at that moment. If a person is sad one moment and becomes happy soon after, their mood swing is labelled as
"bipolar." When students and faculty at a

What Is Childhood Bipolar Disorder?
What is Childhood Bipolar Disorder? A Review of the Literature Barbara Diaz University of Houston–Downtown Author Note This paper was prepared
for Psychology 4308, taught by Dr. Jennifer Montgomery Abstract Since the 1990s, the amount of children who are diagnosed with a form of
bipolar disorder have rocketed sky high. Children, like adults can possibly have neurological issues in the brain that does not allow them to
function properly. These children are seen as hyperactive, aggressive people who are not able to control themselves mentally and emotionally.
They can be described as a "ticking time bomb", and people having to walk on eggshells around them, not knowing if it is going to be the euphoric
or the depressed child, they are going to be dealing with. In this literature review, the following topics will be mentioned: the description of what
bipolar disorder is; the types of bipolar disorders; the child's state of mind in the disorder; the causes of bipolar disorder; The DSM–V criteria for
diagnosing Bipolar disorder; and the treatment of the disorder. What is Childhood Bipolar Disorder? A Review of the Literature Since the 1990s,
there has been a raised awareness for children with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder. This disorder was recently called manic–depressive disorder but in
the DSM–IV it was changed to bipolar disorder. This literature review is going to cover the following topics 1.What is Bipolar Disorder?

Bipolar Disorder : Symptoms And Treatment
Andrea Nasev Freeman–3 Health 26 October 2014 Bipolar Disorder According to the National Health Institute of Mental Health about 2.6% of the
adults in the United States are affected by bipolar disorder every year. People who have bipolar disorder experience alternating periods of mania
(overly happy) and very deep depression. Untreated bipolar disorder can cause other mental disorders and some physical illnesses too. Although
bipolar is a lifelong genetic condition, there are ways to relieve the symptoms. Medication helps stabilize the highs and lows of the condition. The
patients also have psychotherapy because it helps them understand and manage their emotions. Bipolar Disorder is caused by genetic and
neurological factors; primarily it is caused by the inability of neurotransmitters (chemicals) to balance them properly in the brain. Bipolar disorder is
connected to me because I want to know more about it so I can help any peers that I may encounter that are dealing with the condition. The NIMH
did a study where 10,000 students ages 13 to 18 were surveyed and they found that 2% of younger teens reported to have bipolar symptoms and 3.1%
of older teens reported to have bipolar symptoms. It is likely that I will encounter someone with the disorder and I want to able to understand what is
happening in their bodies. My parents immigrated to America from Macedonia (country in Europe),where people are not fully aware of mood
disorders; they don't understand them and usually

A Streetcar Named Desire Analysis Essay
The 1951 film, A Streetcar Named Desire, is an adaption of a play of the same name, written by playwright Tennessee Williams. It revolves around
Blanche, a Southern woman who comes from a very wealthy family. After some troubles that she describes as "nervous exhaustion", she arrives to her
sister's (Stella's) apartment in New Orleans to move in with her. Blanche is surprised to learn that Stella has decided to abandon her wealthy lifestyle
to marry a working–class man by the name of Stanley. Stanley is an World War II veteran, and can be considered a brute in the film. Immediately
upon meeting Blanche, Stanley is not fond of her and thinks that she has swindled he and Stella out of family fortune after he finds fancy clothes and
jewelry in her trunk. Blanche quickly tosses papers at Stanley to show that she had not taken fortune out of anyone, and Stanley reveals that his true
intentions is that he wants to consider his "wife's affairs" since Stella is pregnant. Blanche is shocked by the news. Later, Stanley's hosts a poker
night, and Blanche meets Mitch and is immediately attracted to him due to his sensitivity. Stanley becomes so drunk and belligerent that he strikes
Stella; however, is quick to forgive, despite Blanche's pleas for her to leave Stanley. After Stanley finds out the true reason why Blanche left her old
town (she was having sexual relations with a minor), a fight emerges between Stella, Stanley, and Blanche, but is cut short when Stella goes into labor.

A Community Mental Health Team For My First Placement
I was placed with a community mental health team for my first placement. Throughout my placement I visited those under the CMHT along with
qualified professionals. Towards the end of my placement a gentleman who had been receiving support from the CHMT requested a hearing will the
hope of being removed from the CTO. Suffering from type 1 Bipolar disorder, the gentleman experienced stages of 'mania and manic' episodes. A study
in this area reported that 'people with bipolar I disorder experienced syndromal or subsyndromal manic or hypomanic symptoms approximately 9% of
the time over 12 years (Judd et al.,2002a)'. The NICE* Guidelines recognise these presentations of mania through several features, a sense of inflated
self–esteem and disinhibition, an example of this is a difference in the person's presentation, this may cause them to talk excessively fast, pressured
speech, or louder than usual. Each of the MDT describes occasions were the adult presented signs of 'mania'.
The managers hearing was arranged to discuss the adults appeal and to act in the best interest of the adult (reference). Prior to the meeting, the
physciaric nurse and adult spoke about his thoughts and expected outcome. The adult was deemed to have full capacity at this present time. However,
an advocate was used to support the adult in his argument. A framework from the Department of Health (2011) advised that advocacy should be done
in accordance with the Mental Capacity Act (2005), safeguarding the

The Stigma Of Bipolar Disorder Essay
Cory Murphy Composition 101 Professor Tanya Vanderlinde 11 Dec. 2016 Eliminate the Stigma When a seventh grader at Frederick Area High
School in Frederick, South Dakota, was asked to describe what bipolar disorder is, he said that it refers to people that "change personalities fast"
(McGaugh). However, this is only a common misconception. Though the word "bipolar" is often used in conversations to describe a person that
has mood swings, bipolar disorder actually refers to a serious mental illness. According to the Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance, about 2.6
percent of American adults suffer from a form of bipolar disorder, and about one in five people with bipolar disorder commits suicide. Despite the
impact that bipolar disorder has on the lives of patients and families alike, it is treated casually by people across the United States. Even though
many treat it flippantly, bipolar disorder is a serious mental ailment, and the public needs to have a greater understanding of it. There is a dark stigma
surrounding mental illness in general, and bipolar disorder is no exception. According to the Mental Health Commission of Western Australia, a
stigma is "a mark of disgrace that sets someone apart." Bipolar disorder is incredibly misunderstood by society at large, which leads to this stigma,
prejudice, and discrimination. In everyday conversation, the word "bipolar" is frequently used to describe how someone is feeling at that moment. If a
person is sad one moment and

The Third Core Theme Is Disruption
The third core theme is Disruption, which focuses on the bipolar impact on how the individual learns to create consistency in their life's direction.
This then spirals down to the disruption and discontinuity in the person's education, employment, and career development. As human beings, it is
pivotal that we distinguish between what others believe we should or ought to be, and a person's individual belief of what he or she should or would
ideally like to be. When diagnosed with bipolar disorder, many have a sense of the direction their life is taking as being unmanageable, along with
trouble establishing any momentum of evolvement. The person's view on where they should be in life can be a direct link to their experiences in earlier
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As a result, the difficulty in concentration led to not being able to keep up with the classroom lessons. He or she also made the recognition of delay in
achieving educational goals and gaining employment. These hindrances kept many participants from making positive alternative decisions to help with
their continuity in life.
Problems in the development of a sense of self is the last core theme. This theme focuses on the self–construction and resultant perceptions of
themselves shaped by bipolar I disorder. The struggles accompanied with having bipolar disorder had on the process of developing a sense of self and
identity are confusion, self–doubt and self–acceptance. These three struggles are linked as hindrances to understanding the three basic domains of self.
The first is your actual self, according to the self–discrepancy theory, describes the qualities that someone (yourself or another) believes you possess.
Your representation of these qualities that someone (yourself or another) would like for you to possess, is called your ideal self (Higgins, E.T., 1987).
The qualities that others hope for in the individual suffering from Bipolar I disorder are the hopes, aspirations, or wishes for that particular individual.
Lastly, the ought self, is your own illustration of the qualities or characteristics that someone (yourself or another) believes you should or ought to have.
These qualities or characteristics

Bipolar Disorder : A Brief Overview
Bipolar Disorder: A Brief Overview of a Serious Illness
Maribel Marquez
San Bernardino Valley College
Bipolar Disorder: A Brief Overview of a Serious Illness
"According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), 2.6 percent of Americans age eighteen or older (5.7 million Americans) have [this]
disorder" (Atkins, 2007, p. 4). This statistic of course does not include children or teens, or the millions of other individuals suffering from it but not
knowing it has a name. What disorder might this be? It is called bipolar disorder, also known as manic–depressive disorder, and many people to this
day still confuse it with "normal" feelings people go through in life. In this report I will be discussing what bipolar disorder is and its ... Show more
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2). Depressive episodes also have distinct symptoms: "an overly long period of feeling sad or hopeless, loss of interest in activities once enjoyed,
including sex, feeling overly tired or "slowed down," having problems concentrating, remembering, and making decisions, being restless or irritable,
changing eating, sleeping or other habits, thinking of death or suicide, or attempting suicide" (NIMH, 2012, p. 2). "Episodes of bipolar depression
are often misdiagnosed as major depression, and in some cases bipolar disorder is not accurately diagnosed for years" (Pinto & Schub, 2014, para. 2).
As stated in WebMDs Bipolar Disorder Health Center, "there are several types of bipolar disorder; all involve episodes of depression andmania to a
degree. They include bipolar I, bipolar II, cyclothymic disorder, mixed bipolar, and rapid–cycling bipolar disorder" (Types, 2014, p. 1). I will only
describe the difference between the two major types of bipolar disorder found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) –
bipolar I and bipolar II.
According to Psychcentral.com bipolar I, also known as "raging bipolar, is characterized by at least one full–blown manic episode lasting at least one
week or any duration if hospitalization is required. This may include inflated self–esteem or grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, being more talkative
than usual, flight of ideas, distractibility, increase in goal–oriented

Application Of Client's Name
Introduction of client Client's name is Tonya Stahl, she is a 23–year–old single female who is currently unemployed, recently moved back in with her
parents; client states that she graduated high school and was most recently working as a cashier at a gas station for the past five years. She was
discharged from Shepherd Hill psychiatric unit today after a five–night stay following a suicide attempt; Shepherd Hill referred Tonya to our office.
The client stated that she has always felt "down" and even thought of hurting herself, but this was her first suicide attempt. The client claim that she
does not use illicit drugs, but often does drink; client brought proof of a negative drug screen from Shepherd Hill. Tonya made the statement, "I
have always been a realistic person, but most people just call me negative." Client states she has often had "bad mood swings" where she will be her
"normal" self then suddenly she would have bursts of energy lasting up to a month at a time, followed by an intense depression. Stating that she felt
so "alive" during these energetic times, she began to wonder if they were actually "normal". Tonya states that she would feel "on top of the world" and
actually happy, but after feeling this way for 3–4 weeks she would "bottom out". She describes an extreme feeling of sadness; an "overwhelming
darkness" over her life more than ever before. She states this dark feeling would come on and as she began to see choices she made during her "good

Lithium in the Treatment of Bipolar I Disorder
Introduction Lithium is the medication most extensively used to treat the mania and depression of Bipolar I. However, due to the high incidence of
inadequate preventive response, as well as a host of undesirable side effects and a "narrow therapeutic index," health care providers have sought other
mood stabilizing medications for either monotherapy or use with Lithium. One such medication is Carbamazepine, used either in monotherapy or in
combination with other medications. While pharmacotherapy is classically used to treat Bipolar I Disorder, health care providers are finding that
psychosocial treatments can assist in more effective treatment of some facets of the disease, encouraging patient collaboration, participation and
education, which ultimately may enhance long–term mood stabilization, occupational and social functioning, and quality of life. Body: Lithium in the
Treatment of Bipolar I Disorder, including Parameters and Strength of Evidence Supporting Treatment. Lithium is the medication most extensively
used to treat the mania and depression of Bipolar I. Marketed under the brand names of Eskalith or Lithobid (Martin, 2011), Lithium is often prescribed
as maintenance therapy due to its highly–reported success in reducing the frequency/severity of mania, preventing mania, lessening depression and
reducing the risk of suicide (Wyatt, 2011). What is more, researchers have found that the earlier Lithium is used, the higher the reduction of morbidity
among

Understanding Creativity Of Bipolar I Disorder
In the experiment, Understanding Creativity in Bipolar I Disorder, the experimenters hypothesized that bipolar I disorder would be related to elevations
of and greater variability in lifetime creative accomplishment and divergent thinking In this experiment, there were two groups which were the bipolar I
disorder group and the control group. The experimenters examined if divergent thinking within the bipolar group was related to positive affectivity,
ambition, medication, or depressive and manic symptom severity. They also examined if trait like levels of positive affectivity, neurocognition and
ambition were related to either divergent thinking or lifetime creative accomplishment within bipolar disorder. In this experiment there were 62... Show
People who met the study inclusion criteria were to come back for two more in person interviews. In the two in person interviews, the participants
completed creativity, personality, and neurocognitive indices as several other measures as part of a larger study. The researchers did symptom
severity interviews over the phone a day or two before each session. Those participants who received a score greater than seven were followed until
they reached symptom remission. There were many measures used in this experiment. One of the first measures used was the Structured Clinical
Interview for DSM–IV–TR Axis 1 Disorder. This measure is a widely used measure and well certified clinical interview for diagnosis based on
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorder Fourth Edition–Text Revision Criteria. Unusual Uses Task is another measure that was used.
This measure is also known as UUT. This is a measure of divergent thinking that has been shown to be correlated with the severity of subsyndromal
manic symptoms. For this experiment, participants were given four prompts. They were to name as many different uses they could think of in a two
minute period for each prompt. For this measure flexibility and fluency scores were not separable and showed no unique patterns of effects. Therefore,
experimenters did not consider flexibility anymore. For the measure Objective Ratings of Uniqueness, each valid response was scored

Bipolar I Disorder Group And The Control Group
According to Dbsalliance.org. bipolar I disorder is characterized by one or more manic episodes or mixed episodes and one or more major
depressive episodes. Bipolar I disorder is the most severe form of illness marked by extreme manic episodes (Types of Bipolar Disorder). In the
experiment, Understanding Creativity in Bipolar I Disorder, the experimenters hypothesized that bipolar I disorder would be related to elevations of
and greater variability in lifetime creative accomplishment and divergent thinking In this experiment, there were two groups which were the bipolar I
disorder group and the control group. The experimenters examined if divergent thinking within the bipolar group was related to positive affectivity,
ambition, medication, or depressive and manic symptom severity. They also examined if trait like levels of positive affectivity, neurocognition and
ambition were related to either divergent thinking or lifetime creative accomplishment within bipolar disorder. In this experiment there were 62
participants that were diagnosed with bipolar 1 disorder and 50 control participants that had no diagnosis of a lifetime mood disorder. The people that
were participating were recruited from the Bay Area Community in California. Everyone was fluent English speakers and ranged between 18 and 65
years old. Neither with no history of brain injury or medical conditions of the central nervous system and no show of impaired mental status or
developmental disability. Every

Bipolar Disorder : A Mental Disorder
Bipolar disorder is a very serious mental illness, that can have detrimental effects on a whole family. Bipolar disorder also known as "manic
depression", is a mental disorder that affects a person's mood and general outlook on life like most other mental disorders. Bipolar disorder cannot
be cured, but treatment can help improve the overall function of a person's life. Bipolar disorder can affect people's lives greatly. Bipolar disorder
can affect a person's relationship with others. People with bipolar disorder have a tendency to act out and when combined with dramatic and
unanticipated mood swings it makes it hard for the people around them. Bipolar disorder is a whole world different from the normal ups and downs of
life. Sometimes... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This cause rifts in relationships because after a while family and friends start to become resentful. There are several different types of bipolar
disorder. The five types are Bipolar 1, Bipolar 2, rapid cycling, mixed bipolar, and cyclothymic. Bipolar 1 is the most serious type of bipolar
disorder. Bipolar 1 disorder involves excessive happiness and irritability. This type of disorder can restlessness, or the feeling of being unsettled.
Another sign of this disorder is increased energy, from what I observed it can be described as an intense need to get up and go. People with this
disorder have racing thoughts. They can think a million things at once. People with this illness also have an increased sex drive. This is a product
of their reckless behavior. To have bipolar 1 the person involved must have at least 1 manic episode in their life. Most people who have bipolar 1
often suffer from episodes of depression. Mania is a period of time where a person's mood is elevated, zealous, or irritable mood. These moods must
last at least a week to be classified as mania. According to the DBSA they must also have at least three of the following symptoms.: Increased physical
and mental activity and energy Exaggerated optimism and self–confidence Excessive irritability, aggressive behavior Decreased need for sleep without
becoming tired Grandiose thoughts, extreme sense of self–importance Racing speech, racing

The Etiology Of The Disorder Essay
Describe the etiology of the disorder. Bipolar Disorders are considered complex because of the episodes that are experienced. They include
dysfunctional mood, potentially including major depressive episodes, mild to moderate depressive episodes, manic episodes, hypomanic episodes,
and mixed episodes, which are often separated by periods of relatively normal mood. (BDII). There are two types of Bipolar Disorders that I will cover
in this paper. They include Bipolar I disorder (BP–I) and Bipolar II disorder (BD–II).According to the Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study, as cited
by Kleinman, Lowin, Flood, Gandhi, Edgell, and Revicki (2003), the lifetime prevalence by race and ethnicity for BD – I and BD – II, are as follows:
Caucasian 0.8% and 0.4%, African American 1.0% and 0.6%, and Hispanic 0.7% and 0.5%.. Lifetime prevalence rate for Bipolar I is 0.6%and bipolar
II it is 0.3% over a 12–month period (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). People who have Bipolar I disorder typically experience alternating
episodes of depression and mania where there is a separation of some level of 'normalcy' in the sequence (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
For example, they might be depressed for 4 days feel normal for a couple of days than go into a manic episode. On the other hand, those with
Bipolar II disorder they only experience depressive episodes and will not have an episode of mania. Describe the diagnostic features of the disorder.
Describe the differential diagnosis

Bipolar I, Bipolar II, And The Cyclothymic Disorder
Distinguish between bipolar I, bipolar II, and the cyclothymic disorder. Causes? Treatments? People with bipolar I disorder have full manic and
major depressive episodes. Most of them experience an alternation of the episodes; for example, weeks of mania may be followed by a period of
wellness, followed, in turn, by an episode of depression. Some, however, have mixed episodes, in which they display both manic and depressive
symptoms within the same episode–for example, having racing thoughts amidst feelings of extreme sadness. In bipolar II disorder, hypomanic–that is,
mildy manic–episodes alternate with major depressive episodes over the course of time. When a person experiences numerous periods of hypomanic
symptoms and mild depressive symptoms, but not full–blown episodes, DSM–5 assigns a diagnosis of cyclothymic disorder. The symptoms of this
milder form of bipolar disorder continue for two or more years, interrupted occasionally by normal moods that may last for only days or weeks.
Possible Causes Mania may be related to high norepinephrine activity along with a low level of serotonin activity. Some researchers have also linked
bipolar disorders to improper transport of ions back and forth between the outside and the inside of a neuron's membrane, others have focused on
deficiencies of key proteins and other chemicals within certain neurons, and still others have uncovered abnormalities in key brain structures. Genetic
studies suggest that people may inherit a

Do People Living With Bipolar Disorder Need Medication?
Do people living with bipolar disorder need medication People living with bipolar disorder need medication to help them function at their full
potential. Some people feel that people living with bipolar disorder do not need to be medicated to live a healthy fulfilling life. However to say
this first a person must know what bipolar disorder is and how a person is affected by the disorder. According to Rachal Pollock PHD bipolar is
described as a common recurrent, often lifelong major psychiatric disorder characterized by manic/ mixed and depressive episodes. According to her
if the person does not have treatment for the disorder then the risk grows substantially in regards to morbidity and mortality. I know firsthand how it is
to live on... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Bipolar disorder I, which is considered to be the more severe form of bipolar disorder can be defined as mania or mixed episodes. About sixty
seven percent of the time Bipolar I people are depressed or have depressive depression. With this strain of the disorder a person has at least one
episode or mixed episodes and they are more prone to committing suicide. People living with bipolar disorder can be symptomatic for half of their
lives. A person with Bipolar II disorder don't experience full blown episodes of mania, however, they are more prone to severe depression and
what is considered hypomania. The last form is called cyclothymia. Cyclothymia is cyclical mood swings. Cyclothymia is the least severe of the
three. Don't get me wrong bipolar disorder is not that black and white, it's not either mania or depressive. The cycles vary in severity depending on
how frequently the person cycles and how extreme the cycles are. Some people living with the disorder are more on the mania side where
everything sounds like a good idea, sounds fun; I guess it could be compared to feeling like nothing can go wrong. On the other hand, most people
are more on the depressive side. Some people live with both at the same time switching between the two to make mixed episodes. People living with
bipolar disorder can only have a few episodes over their entire

Narrative Therapy Reflection
SUBJECTIVE/STATUS: The client presented for the session. The client spoke about her feelings towards life in general and about being at the
facility stated, "I appreciate my life now more than before, I appreciate how much I am better that before because of therapy as I am grateful to the
people who are supporting me at the facility." The client shared that she is able to use her coping skills and having fun with her colleagues. The client
discussed her feeling and thoughts with the therapist while she was at the church when she had negative thoughts about purging. The client stated, "I
have thoughts about purging and I was depressed for no reason as I remember, but I was smart enough to ask for help and tell my one of my peers and
the mental health worker about my thoughts and I promised them to not purge." The client confirmed that she knows her triggers which are looking
into the mirror, smelling or tasting the food, and eating too much, but this morning I did not experiencing any of them and I had thoughts of purging."
The client confirmed that she need to allow

Diarder In Silver Lining Playbook : Bipolar I Disorder
Excelsior, a word that derives its meaning through latin roots, signifying superiority. Not only does the word alone hold a grand gesture, but it also
motivates the character that battles with a bipolar disorder in the movie Silver Lining Playbook. Throughout the storyline Pat, the main character,
finds himself in an overwhelming situation which triggers his mind and causes him to change his way of living for the rest of his life. Despite
these unpredictable circumstances, Patt does not settle for less than what he knows he is capable of, and continues to grow as a person with each
day that passes by. Traumatic experiences can take a toll on each individual in their own way. Just as any other disorder, a manic episode could occur at
any moment causing the person affected to lose their every day way of living. Bipolar I Disorder is, "Episodes of mania that include an 'abnormally,
persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and persistently increased activity or energy that is present for most of the day, nearly every day,
for a period of at least 1 week'" (Scientific American: Psychology/Licht/Hull/Ballantyne/ 2014). This disorder comes with a number of symptoms such
as inflated self–esteem, decreased need for sleep, more talkative, flight of ideas, distractibility, increase in goal directed activity, excessive involvement
in activities that have high potential for painful consequences, and mood disturbances (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,

Bipolar Disorder : Symptoms And Treatment
People experience typical human feelings towards experiences such as enjoyment and happiness because of the birth of a child of falling in love
or despair because of poor performance at work or school or a recent break up. These feelings also can be brought about by a serious medical
condition known as bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is when a person suffers from severe shifts in mood and energy. In most cases, bipolar
disorder can be treated and people with the illness can live normal and productive lives with the help of medication and or therapy. Aiken, C.
(2010). Family Experiences of Bipolar Disorder: The Ups, the Downs and the Bits in Between. Retrieved from Ebsco Host. In this book the author
discusses her own dealings with Bipolar Disorder. She goes on to say how it has affected her and the sufferings she has faced over the years. She
talks about bipolar disorder at its most earliest stage in life and into the adult aspects in life. Just like the author Jeanetter Plunkett, she also talks about
the effects of bipolar disorder on family members and friends, which also supports my thesis statement. Baldessarini, R. J., Tondo, L., Baethge, C. J.,
Lepri, B., & Bratti, I. M. (2007). Effects of Treatment Latency on Response to Maintenance Treatment in Manic– Depressive Disorders. Bipolar
Disorders, 9(4), 386–393. This article talks about how the author did further testing on bipolar disorder to better understand it. They tested
pretreatments versus hospitalized

Exercise Addiction
Once the symptoms of exercise addiction are clearly identified in a patient, medical and health professionals should seek appropriate treatments tailored
to find the source or route of their addiction (Lane, 2008). Additionally, these professionals must differentiate if the addiction occurs in the absence of
an eating disorder. In some cases, an addiction to exercise is typically a dissatisfaction with the individual's physical appearance. Under stress from this
displeasure, exercise is rationalized as a positive solution to combat this instead of turning to other potentially addictive behaviors (Landolfi, 2012).
The Exercise Dependence Scale and Exercise Addiction Inventory allow individuals suffering from exercise addiction to be ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Quetiapine is commonly used to treat patients with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. In the study, the patient used
Quetiapine as an add on treatment for bipolar I disorder with comorbid compulsive buying and physical exercise addiction (Weinstein & Weinstein,
2014). After 4 weeks of treatment, the patient displayed mild improvements in compulsive buying behaviors with moderate improvements of
compulsion to exercise. Eight weeks later, the Quetiapine treatment had improved these behaviors significantly. By 24 weeks the compulsive buying
and physical exercise were

Symptoms And Treatment Of Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar Disorder 2
Disorder history, In the 19th century psychiatry, mania had a broad meaning of craziness, hypomania was equated by some concepts of "partial
insanity" or monomania. Bipolar disorder origins in 1854, Jules Baillarger and Jean–Pierre Falret, independently present descriptions of the disorder to
Academie de Medicine in Paris. German neuropsychiatrist Emanuel Mendel in 1881 wrote "that he recommended using words by Hippocrates to name
those types of mania that show less severe 'hypomania' (wikipedia.org, n.d.). Carl Gustav Jung in 1903 wrote a paper about the first diagnostic
distinction to be made between manic and depression involving mania followed by the involvement of hypomania. By 1975, Jung's distinction between
hypomania and mania gained support. Fieve and Dunner published an article about only individuals in manic state require hospitalization. The
presentation of either the one state or the other differentiates two distinct diseases. This proposition was met with skepticism. Studies have since
confirmed that bipolar II is a "phenomenologically" distinct disorder (www.psychologytoday.com, n.d.).
Background, Bipolar disorder formerly called manic depression. Causes extreme mood swings and includes emotional highs and lows. Bipolar
disorder is a disruptive, long–term condition. Bipolar disorder is controlled by medications and psychological counseling

Causes Of Bipolar Disorders
In this world, there are many kinds of illness and diseases that affect our body in different ways. Some illness or diseases can kill us while other
ones can be treated. For example, Bipolar Disorder is a brain disorder that causes unusual shifts in moods such as energy, activity levels, and the
ability to carry out day to day tasks. Bipolar is also known as "manic depression". Bipolar disorder has affected about 5.7 million people in the
United States in any giving year, month, week, day and even time. Bipolar disorder can be affected in both men and women. Affecting any kind of
human being will have the cycle of Bipolar Disorder that can last days, weeks and even months. There are few risk factors that reliably predict a
significantly... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, at the age of 27, "Bennett spoke to her doctor about some depressive mood issues she was experiencing, for which the doctor prescribed
antidepressants. At that point in time, she was feeling isolated, as she was living in British Columbia while her family was living in Ontario
California. To make herself feel better, she was self–medicating by smoking marijuana, staying up late and generally not taking good care of herself.
Bennett's behavior was becoming increasingly erratic, and her roommates were really concerned. They called her family to let them know what
was going on. So her sister and mother came to visit her in British Columbia they were hoping to bring her back to Toronto to see if they could get
her some help. Because of Bennett's manic episode, she had convinced herself that the people coming to visit her were not her family, but clones of
them. She was so convinced, she asked a friend to come with her to the restaurant where they were meeting and bring a video camera to tape it. She
thought that she could use the tape as evidence that someone had cloned her sister and mother and could take that to the authorities." This concludes
that by not having her family she felt the need to do drug and might though that her family did not even care for her because she was some where else
in a

Bipolar Disorder And Mental Health
Bipolar Disorder is otherwise known as manic–depressive illness. It is a brain disorder that causes shifts in moods, energy, activity levels, and the
ability to carry out daily tasks. (Cite) These changes in behavior are outside of the norm as most people have ups and downs throughout their daily
routines. But those with Bipolar Disorder experience shifts in mood that can be damaging to relationships, as well as their overall school and work
performances. (Cite) I chose this disorder as the topic for my paper because a few years back my mother was diagnosed with the disorder. I have
always been curious whether or not I would end up like her, later on in life, with the same manic–depressive illness. And if I did end up with this
disorder I wonder if I would pass it onto my children. According to the National Institute of Mental Health there are four individual types of bipolar
disorder: Bipolar Disorder I, Bipolar Disorder II, Cyclothymic Disorder, and Bipolar Disorder Not Otherwise Specified . My mother has Rapid–Cycling
Bipolar Disorder and she has been hospitalized quite a few times for psych evaluations. "Those who experience rapid cycling can go between
depression and mania as often as a few times a week (some even cycle within the same day)." (An Introduction to Bipolar Disorder). Growing up with
a mother who has this disorder and a stepfather with schizophrenia its very hard to think of good memories since there was always arguments and
fighting. It 's a strange

Bipolar Disorder Essay
Bipolar disorder, also commonly referred to as manic–depressive illness, is a brain disorder that causes unusual and heightened swings in a person's
mood, energy level, and ability to function. The symptoms of bipolar disorder can be severe and therefore, they are quite different from the normal
shifts in mood that everyone goes through on a daily basis. The effects of bipolar disorder can result in broken relationships, poor performance at work
or school, self–mutilation, and even suicide. However, in most instances, bipolar disorder can be treated and people with this illness can lead normal
and productive lives with the help of medication and therapy. Bipolar disorder is a manic–depressive psychiatric disorder that causes extreme... Show
Multiple episodes may occur within one week or day. Rapid cycling tends to occur later in the course of the illness and is most common in women.
Rapid cycling bipolar disorder occurs in up to 20 percent of bipolar I and II patients and it is very hard to differentiate from mixed states (Martin,
2006, p. 305). Bipolar disorder affects approximately 3 million American adults each year. Although there are many suffering from the disorder,
doctors are still uncertain as to what causes bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder can be found in men and women equally. In most cases, it begins
between ages 15 – 25 but it is usually initially misdiagnosed in younger patients. The precise cause is still unknown, but due to the fact that,
"two–thirds of bipolar patients have a family history of affective or emotional disorders, researchers have searched for a genetic link to the disorder"
(Ford–Martin & Olde, 2005, p.229). Studies have discovered numerous potential genetic connections to the tendency for bipolar disorder. Another
possible biological cause under investigation is the existence of an extreme calcium build–up in the cells of bipolar patients. Also, dopamine and other
neurochemical transmitters are being investigated, as they seem to be connected to bipolar disorder (Basile, 2005, p.167). The symptoms of bipolar
disorder are numerous and vary depending on the individual, as well as the specific type of the disorder. The generalized

Symptoms And Symptoms Of Bipolar Disorder
Introduction Bipolar disorders, also known as manic depression, are mental disorders characterized by shifting moods between depression and
mania (Bressert, 2016). Those with a bipolar disorder, have extreme emotional states called mood periods. In the United States, more than 10 million
people have bipolar disorder (Kennedy, 2015). It is lifelong, but can be treated. Although it can easily be treated, once patients choose to stop taking
their medication their symptoms worsen. Around 15 percent of people diagnosed with bipolar disorder commit suicide (Mondimore, 2014). People
with bipolar disorder will begin to feel like they are losing control of themselves because of their extreme behaviors and emotions. This can make it
hard for... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The hypomania must last at least four days and the major depressive episodes are required to last two weeks in order to meet the typical
qualifications of having bipolar II disorder (Flink & Kraynak, 2016). Individuals with bipolar II will usually undergo long durations of depression
that can be more draining than the episodes experienced in bipolar I. Compared to bipolar I, bipolar II is more genetically complex, harder to treat,
and more common (Mondimore, 2014). When a patient has multiple hypomania episodes and depressive symptoms, but are less intense than a
major depressive or manic episode, they have cyclothymic disorder. These symptoms must last two years without long periods of stability to
follow the cyclothymic disorder description (Flink & Kraynak, 2016). This disorder affects less than 1% of people in the United States. Many
with cyclothymic disorder may progress to bipolar I or II (Kennedy, 2015). Symptoms Symptoms of bipolar disorders vary for patients. Overall,
individuals with bipolar disorder have periods of unusual behaviors, intense emotions, and irregular sleep patterns (NIH, 2016). People with bipolar
disorder will go through mood episodes: mania, hypomania, depression, and mixed episodes. In a manic episode, some will feel very energized and
excited. To others, they will seem hyper. This can be dangerous because those who have manic episodes sleep very little, make impulse decisions, and
can become aggressive towards those who question

The Mental Condition Of Bipolar Disorder
When interviewing the client, JD, he explained how important it is to have the "right" attitude about yourself and life if you are a person who is
living with a chronic condition. JD happens to have a treatable condition that affects his mind. Bipolar I Disorder, as the DSM–5, specifies, is a mental
condition in which doctors do not fully understand. Through the more recent years doctors have gained understanding therefore able to treat the
disorder more effectively. What they do understand is that it is a genetic disorder, it affects the moods and can impact an individual to be at a very
high mania to a low depression. This spectrum can greatly affect a person's life and the relationships they have with others. According to the DSM 5,...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
JD describes this experience in the interview as a very religious experience. "I believed I was hearing from God and he had given me meanings to
things others could not see." JD explains that others around him noticed his odd behavior even though he did not think him as acting odd because
he had an explanation for why he was doing everything he was doing. He describes this time as very frustrating and lonely. "I felt like no could
understand me." After JD left the hospital, two weeks later, he was still have manic thoughts and experiencing depressive moods. He was self
admitted to an inpatient care facility where he stayed for another 3 months out of concern for his safety and safety of others. JD says he hated that
part. The facility was full of people that were a lot "crazier" then him, he says "it was not a good environment for me to be in in tht state of mind, if
it did anything it taught me how to fake being happy so I could get out of there, because being locked up with those people made me feel worse then
when I went in." After he came out of the hospital things didn't become normal for him until about three months after that. For the next almost nine
years he was fine having normal moods accourding to the situation and living life. He found a career , got married to his wife and lived with her in a
apartment not far from where he was attending college at the time the second episode

Bipolar I Disorder Research Paper
The National Institute of Mental Health describes bipolar I disorder as the occurrence of manic episodes that can last up to seven days, or
experiencing a state of mania so severe that one must be hospitalized. With manic episodes, it is common to experience depressive symptoms as
well, which can last two weeks or more. The NIMH defines bipolar II disorder as a pattern of depressive episodes with the addition of hypomanic
episodes, which are not as intense and distressing as the manic episodes in bipolar I disorder. During a manic episode one might be experiencing
feelings of having a lot of energy, feeling jumpy or wired, talking fast about a variety of topics, racing thoughts, and wanting to do risky things. During
an episode of depression,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With the all the of popularity growing for the encoding of the protein ZNF804A located at chromosome 2q32.1, these researchers conducted their own
study to find its relation to the formation of bipolar disorder. Zhang et al explain, "ZNF804A may play an important in processes such as neural
migration, neurite outgrowth, and synapse formation" (Zhangl et al., 2015). Within this study, bipolar I disorder was found to be significantly
associated with the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1344706 located in the ZNF804A gene. This was also to be significantly associated with
schizophrenia. As mentioned previously, an overlap with symptoms has been indicated between the two

Bipolar I Disorder ( Bd )
This paper focuses on bipolar I disorder, previously known as manic–depressive illness. It includes the definition and characteristics, neurobiology and
pathophysiology, psychological and environmental factors about the disorder. There is also a brief description about nursing interventions. Next, two
evidence–based research papers will be presented. Additionally, there will be a summary on two audiovisual films that focused on bipolar I
disorder. Lastly, there is a brief discussion about personal thoughts and feelings about bipolar I disorder. Introduction When people are asked what
bipolar I disorder (BD) is, they often describe someone as being psychotic, having drastic mood changes, being depressed then super happy, and the
list is endless. Often, individuals who suffer with BD are stigmatized and discriminated. The following piece is part of a poem called "You and Me"
written by Debbie Sesula, "...If you get angry/ You're considered upset/ If I get angry/ I'm considered dangerous. / If you over–react to something
/ You're sensitive/ If I over–react to something/ I'm out of control..." BD is not well understood by society and it is unfortunate that individuals who
have this disorder often isolate themselves and feel ashamed. Definition and Characteristics "The essential feature of a manic episode is a distinct
period during which there is an abnormally, persistently elevated, expansive irritable mood and persistently increased activity or

Understanding Bipolar Disorder and Evaluating the Possible...
Author J.R.R. Tolkien once said, "[that] there is some good in this world, and it's [sic] worth fighting for." But, imagine a world where you cannot
see the good one day, but then the next every single detail of life is good. In order to understand what it is like to have your emotions throws around
like they are in a hurricane, you must first understand what it is to be bipolar. If a person would like to better understand bipolar disorder, he would
have to look at the life of a patient with the disorder, and understand the definition, causes, symptoms, and treatments for the disorder. Understanding
exactly what bipolar disorder is can be difficult, but it is best described as a mental illness that causes severe, unpredictable mood... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Bipolar I disorder may be defined as experiencing severe mood swings ranging from extreme happiness to depression, and bipolar II disorder is a
milder form of bipolar I disorder. Cyclothymic disorder is the result of hypomania followed by intense phases of depression. Mixed bipolar disorder
is one of the most intense forms of bipolar disorder since patients experience signs of hypomania and depression at the same time, but this differs from
rapid–cycling disorder because in rapid cycling patients go through four or more phases of mania and depression in the same year (Goldberg, n.d,
pp. 1, 5). Bipolar disorder may affect people of all ages, including children, and it affects men and women equally. Finally, according to the National
Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), 5.7 million Americans are bipolar, and because of this, bipolar disorder is the sixth leading cause of disability in
the United States (Bipolar Disorder Statistics, n.d, p. 1). In addition to general information on the disorder, the causes should be mentioned as well.
According to Christian Nordqvist, "...bipolar disorder has no single cause." However, it has been determined that genetics, chemicals, and the
environment play a role in the development of bipolar disorder. Furthermore, almost half of bipolar patients have a family member with the disorder,
and a child is fifteen to twenty percent more likely to develop the disorder if one

What Bipolar I Disorder ( Bd )
Introduction When people are asked what bipolar I disorder (BD) is, responses often include, "Sometimes they're really normal and then they get
super mad," "drastic mood swings," "they're psychotic," "one can be very happy and excited but can also experience depression," and the list is
endless. Often, individuals who suffer with BD are stigmatized and discriminated. The following piece is part of a poem called "You and Me"
written by Debbie Sesula, "...If you get angry /You're considered upset/ If I get angry/ I'm considered dangerous. /If you over–react to something
/ You're sensitive/ If I over–react to something/ I'm out of control..." BD is not well understood by society and it is unfortunate that individuals who
have this disorder often isolate themselves and feel ashamed. Definition and Characteristics "The essential feature of a manic episode is a distinct
period during which there is an abnormally, persistently elevated, expansive irritable mood and persistently increased activity or energy that is
present for most of the day, nearly every day, for a period of at least one week (or any duration if hospitalization is necessary), accompanied by at least
three additional symptoms from Criterion B. If the mood is irritable rather than elevated or expansive, at least four criterion B symptoms must be
present," states the American Psychiatric Association's (APA) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM–V) when
classifying BD. There are

Analysis : Silver Linings Playbook
Cassidy Malchow PSYC 275 Dr. Jones Assessment Summary Paper Film: "Silver Linings Playbook" Identifying Information Patrick Solitano Jr.,
better known as Pat, is a white male of about 35 years of age who has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder and is undergoing treatment. He was
released from a mandatory hospitalization in a detention facility after eight months on the premise that he would continue taking medication,
attend therapy, and comply with his restraining orders. He was also assigned a parole officer. Family History Pat comes from a typical suburban
household consisting of his mother, Dolores Solitano, who is around 60 years of age, his father, Patrick Solitano Sr., who is around 65 years of
age, and his older brother, Jake Solitano, who is around 40 years of age. Pat's mother is extremely caring and supportive, especially with matters
concerning his mental illness. She constantly gives Pat advice and seeks to help him; she is even the reason that he was allowed to leave the
detention facility against the psychiatrist's advice, as she said that she believes in him and trusts that he would behave once discharged. His father is
also supportive, but he is also hard on him at times. He is excessively superstitious about NFL football, to the point that it actually appears to be
obsessive–compulsive disorder. He arranges each television remote in a particular way, ensures the tablecloth is placed precisely on the table, and rubs
a certain stone during crucial plays.

Bipolar Disorder In Children

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