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Organ donation BMC Mumbai- English
1. MOTO
Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai
Promoting Organ Donation
Dr. Kamaxi Bhate, KEM Hospital Mumbai
MCGM’S ORGAN TRANSPLANT
ORGANISATION
MOTO
2. Some people have Organ failure like Liver , Kidney,
Pancreas due to diseases, or in sever Burns Skin is
destroyed - Such people need Organs for survival.
Where will these Functioning Organs Come from ?
Only from Organ Donation! After natural Death or
Brain Stem Death.
WHY ORGAN DONATION
3. After natural Death
Living Person for once own relative or
others
After Brain Stem Death
HOW DOES ORGAN DONATION TAKE
PLACE ?
4. Eyes
Skin
Fascia
Bones
Ligaments
Cartilages
Blood Vestals ( Veins and Arteries )
Middle ear Bones
Organ donation is possible
Even in case of death at Home
Which Organs can be donated after death
5. Blood
Kidney
Piece of Liver
Piece of Pancreas
Bone Marrow
इदं शरीरं परोपकारार्थम
- शंकराचार्थ
THE ORGANS THAT CAN BE DONATED BY
A LIVING PERSON
Bone
Marro
w
6. 2Eyes
2 Kidneys
1 Liver
1 Pancreas
2 Lungs
1 Small Intestine
1 Vocal Cord
2 Hands
2 Middle ear bones
Entire Skin
All Fascia
All Bones
Cartilages
Tendons
Blood Vessels (Veins
and arteries )
Heart Volvos
Nerves
20 Toes and Fingers
WHICH ORGANS CAN BE DONATED
AFTER BRAIN STEM DEATH.
Brain Stem Death is diagnosed in ICU patients only
Maximum Organ Donation is Possible after Brain Stem Death
7. a. Blood - Living for relatives and for others
b. Kidney - Living person for relatives or others
c. Eyes - Only After Death
d. Skin - Only After Death
TYPES OF ORGAN DONATION IN INDIA
8. What Is Eye Donation?
Who can do Eye donation?
Who needs eye donation ?
Responsibilities of the Health workers and/or relatives after
the death of persons who want to go for Eye donation
DO YOU KNOW THESE ASPECTS OF EYE
DONATION
Eye donation can be done only after death
9. ANATOMY OF THE EYE BALL , BLINDNESS AND
WHO IS BENEFITED BY EYE DONATION
Transparent covering of the
eye ball (Cornea)
Lance in the eye ball.
Transparent covering of the eye ball (Cornea)
Transparent covering of the
eye ball (Cornea) has
become opaque = Blindness
35 Million people go corneal blind in developing countries .
Corneal donation helps.
Cornea
Conjunctiva
10. In India 3 million people go corneal blind
60% of blind people are children
below 12 years.
These children can get eye sight with corneal transplant,
retrieved from eye donation
Do you know ,only 1.5 lakh corneas are
donated per year in India !!!
NEED FOR EYE DONATION IN INDIA
12. When there is a death of a person who has wished to donate eyes
Inform the near by Eye Bank telephonically .
Off the Fan and Keep AC on
Raise the head end of the dead body
Close the eye lids of the dead body and keep wet saline swabs on the eyes
To prevent any infection keep on putting antibiotic eye drops every now and
then
It takes 20-25 to complete the processes of enucleation of the eye ball
Within 96 hours the process of corneal transplant should be complete
After the death of person wanting to donate eyes the process of
eye donation should complete in six hours time
EYE DONATION -WHAT TO DO WHEN THERE IS
DEATH AT HOME?
13. AFTER YOU HAVE USED THEM WILL
YOU KINDLY GIVE THEM TO US
At what ever age even if having spectacles, or after
cataract operation, person can do eye donation
14. Let Us Give them After We have used
them to Fullest!
There are 125 Million people in India
There are more than 6 thousand deaths per
day
If 100 % people donate eyes after death
...........
In only 11 days all coronial blinds in India will
get eye sight!
Even if only 5% people donate eyes in India
corneal Blindness can be overcome in 220Let Us All Take Oath of Eye Donation after
15.
16. Skin of the dead person is the
preferred option for a patient with the
most severe burns for patient to recover
in shorter duration.
As 80 % of burn victims are women
and children. India 100% mortality is
observed in patients having more than
60% burns ...
Skin from the dead
body is life saving
WHY SKIN DONATION?
17. Cadaver skin still is the
No. 1 substitute, after death
of a person cadaver skin is
removed in 2 – 24 hours.
Commonest sights
from where the skin is
taken
Additional sights from
where the cadaver skin is
taken
HOW IS CADAVER
SKIN DONATION DONE
Skin donation should be over in two
hours, but till 12-24 hours skin can be
18. Retrieved skin is rolled through a meshing
machine, it creates a pattern of small holes,
like the fishnet stockings.
WHAT IS DONE TO THE SKIN
RETRIEVED FROM THE CADAVER
This skin is taken to
the skin bank,
trimmed into
bandage-like strips,
cryogenically
preserved. Cadaver
skin can be stored in
a freezer at 4-8 C for
up to five years in
19. CADAVER SKIN IS LIFE SAVING
The donated skin can
be used as a temporary
dressing for severe
burns can help prevent
infection, reduce pain
and maintain body
22. •Kidney Disease burden
and Transplantation
Around 150000 new
cases every year
Around 5000 receive
Kidney transplant.
KIDNEY CONDITIONS
23. •Liver Disease burden
•and Transplantation
Around 5 million affected
with liver disease
Around 1000 receive
Liver transplant.
These organs can be
retrieved only from
Brain Dead Donor
LIVER CONDITIONS
LIVER TRANSPLANT
Transplanted peace of Liver
25. Brain Stem death is a new concept while the heart is
working , breathing has stopped for ever !!
In 1968 the concept of brain stem death was
accepted , Harvard University accepted and US law
of human organ donation was passed.
In India brain stem death was accepted by 1994 it
was Human Organ Transplant Act (HOTA) This law
was amended in 2011
There is no age limit for Organ donation There is
no money exchange !
Is there any law about human organ
donation, and brain dead ?
26. WHAT IS BRAINSTEM ?
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Respiratory Centres are Situated in Brain Stem .
Movement of eyes and pain centres are situated
in Brain stem.
Breathing, eye movement and pain sensation stops forever after
Brain stem death
27. WHAT IS BRAIN STEM DEATH ?
Tumour in
the brain
Trauma Bleeding in
the brain
Blood supply
is blocked
Once there is brain stem death patient called “Cadaver”
Causes of Brain Stem deathBrain stem Death : is such a state
where functions of the brain have
totally stopped,
Respiration and pain is not there. No
movements of any body parts.
But the Heart is Beating hence blood
supply to the organs is continued, to
supply oxygen to the organs cadaver
is put on the respirator
It is death medically and legally
29. BRAIN STEM DEATH
Brain Has stopped working
completely
Respiration has completely
stopped, only heart is working and
the body organs are getting
Movements have stopped, there is
no movement even on stimulation,
this is a permanent state
Body is maintained only on
machines.
COMA
BRAIN HAS NOT STOPPED
WORKING
RESPIRATION CONTINUES
THERE IS BODY MOVEMENT EYE
MOVEMENT , THERE IS RESPONSE
TO STIMULATION.
IT IS A TEMPORARY STATE
PATIENT CAN GET-WELL AND GO
HOME .
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BRAIN
STEM DEATH AND COMA
State of Cadaver organ donation is pathetic in our country
30. POSITION OF ORGAN TRANSPLANT IN THE
WEST
1985 1986 1987 1988 1990 1991 1992
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
Kidneys - Cadaver
kidneys - Living
Liver
Heart
31. SITUATION OF ORGAN DONATION IN INDIA
In India only fifty Cadaver Transplant Take place
32. NUMBER OF CADAVERIC DONORS
PER MILLION POPULATION
24.25
21.7
21.65
21.5
20
18.1
13.15
12.96
12.18
10.62
6.1
4.3
2.7
0.75
0.12
0.05
33.68
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Spain
Austria
Portugal
Beligium
USA
France
Italy
Canada
United Kingdom
Germany
Australia
HK
Singapore
Taiwan
Korea
Philippines
Japan
Rate of cadaveric donations in India
is <0.16 per million population
33. How many Brain Stem deaths are there in our country ?
In any big Hospital of a city there are around 20-22
accident cases per day, and one perscent cases are of
Brain stem deaths
There are no experts who could diagnose Brain stem
deaths
There is no awareness about organ donation in the
society.
It is important to create social awareness
About Organ donation !!
CAN WE IMPROVE THE SITUATION OF CADAVER
TRANSPLANT IN OUR COUNTRY
34. Accident Cases
coming to the
Hospital
Out of them 10% Die
1% are Brain
Death
Donor
In India Accident
rate and Brain
Stem Deaths are
in large number
and still organ
donation is very
low.
WHY ?
There is no
awareness
It is necessary to
create awareness
36. ICU
BRAIN
DEAD
IEC Team &
Counseling Team
with Family
IDENTIFICATION TEAM
BD Certifying
Team
Maintenance of
the cadaver in
ICU
Retrieval Group
& transplant Group
Treatment
Team of
Recipient
37.
38. GOVERNMENT CONTROL
ZTCC
•Maintains list of hospitals registered
for organs retrieval and
transplantation.
•Maintains waiting list of patients
who are desirous for organs.
• carries fair distribution of organs
based on waiting list.
• waiting list is prepared on the basis
of-
-Age
-Severity of disease
-Prognosis/expected survival after
Organ
Retrieving
Hospitals
Organs
Transplantin
g hospitals
Multi-organs
transplant
centres
Government control
(As per HOTA act-1994)
ZTCC
No hospital can transplant organ without prior information or permission of
Working from
2000, in
Mumbai
39. 1. In Mumbai 29 hospitals are registered under ZTCC
2. Today's date there are 55000 waiting for OD.
3. At every 16 minutes, new one is added to the list.
4. 10 die daily from the list without the organ.
• Tamilnadu is the leading state in India in OD.
• New concept of SWAP donation is also
emerging out
• HLA matching is mandatory for all OD except
Cornea, skin, bones.
SOME FACTS ABOUT ZTCC AND
ORGAN DONATION-
In Maharashtra, First tissue bank was started in Tata memorial hospital Mumbai
Rates of OD-
India- 0.16/million
population
USA – 22/million
population
Spain- 36/million
population
40. Even If a person has not pledged, relatives can
take the decision to donate eyes/ skin
After Brain Stem death Close -Relatives can take
the decision to donate Organs
Spouse
Son - Daughter
Brother – Sister
Any other
YOU MUST KNOW THIS
42. Person who dies of
Rabies
HIV / AIDS
Septicaemia
Downing
Cancer
Can not do eye donation or any other organ donation
WHO WILL NOT BE ABLE TO DO ORGAN
DONATION
43.
44. VERY POWERFUL AND
INTELLIGENT KING
Had lot of palaces,
Jewels ....... , Whated all
that to be managed well
after his death.
