Colon cancer arises from the inner lining of the colon, is the 22nd leading cause of cancer deaths in the US, and is both preventable and curable. Colonic polyps, which are extra pieces of tissue that grow inside the colon, can develop over 10 years into cancer if not removed. Preventing colon cancer involves not smoking, early screening through colonoscopies starting at age 40 or 50, and maintaining a high fiber low fat diet with calcium and folic acid. Colonoscopies use a colonoscope to remove any growths or polyps in a 30-60 minute procedure.