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High Performance Ajax Applications Julien Lecomte http://www.julienlecomte.net/blogfiles/performance/ajax-perf.ppt http://www.slideshare.net/julien.lecomte/high-performance-ajax-applications
Part 1 Developing For High Performance
Planning and designing for high performance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Engineering high performance: A few basic rules ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Measuring performance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Part 2 High Performance Page Load
Yahoo!'s Exceptional Performance rules ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Asset optimization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Reduce unminified code size ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Optimize initial rendering (1/4) Miscellaneous tips... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Optimize initial rendering (2/4) Don’t always wait for  onload ... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],YAHOO.util.Event.onDOMReady( function  () { // Do something here... // e.g., attach event handlers. });
Optimize initial rendering (3/4) Post-load script loading ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],<script> window.onload =  function  () { var  script = document.createElement( &quot;script&quot; ); script.src = ...; document.body.appendChild(script); }; </script>
Optimize initial rendering (4/4) Conditional preloading ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Part 3 High Performance JavaScript
Reduce the amount of symbolic look-up: The scope chain (1/2) var  g =  7 ; function  f(a) { var  v =  8 ; x = v + a + g; } f(6); parent ,[object Object],[object Object]
Reduce the amount of symbolic look-up: The scope chain (2/2) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],var  arr = ...; var  globalVar =  0 ; ( function  () { var  i; for (i =  0 ; i < arr.length; i++) { globalVar++; } })(); var  arr = ...; var  globalVar =  0 ; ( function  () { var  i, l, localVar; l = arr.length; localVar = globalVar; for (i =  0 ; i < l; i++) { localVar++; } globalVar = localVar; })(); (faster on all A-grade browsers)
Reduce the amount of symbolic look-up: The prototype chain function  A () {} A.prototype.prop1 = ...; function  B () { this .prop2 = ...; } B.prototype =  new  A(); var  b =  new  B(); B.prototype ,[object Object],[object Object]
Optimize object instantiation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],function  Foo () {...} Foo.prototype.bar =  function  () {...}; function  Foo () { this .bar =  function  () {...}; }
Don’t use  eval ! ,[object Object],[object Object],setTimeout( function  () { // Code to execute on a timeout },  50 ); ,[object Object]
Optimize string concatenation ,[object Object],var  s =  “xxx”  +  “yyy” ; s +=  “zzz” ; ,[object Object],var  i, s =  “” ; for (i =  0 ; i <  10000 ; i++) { s +=  “x” ; } var  i, s = []; for (i =  0 ; i <  10000 ; i++) { s[i] =  “x” ; } s = s.join( “” ); ,[object Object],[object Object]
Optimize regular expressions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],if ( /loaded|complete/ .test(document.readyState)) {...} (?:(?:)?[])*(?:(?:(?:[^()<>@,;:&quot;.00-31]+(?:(?:(?:)?[])+||(?=[&quot;()<>@,;:&quot;.]))|&quot; (?:[^amp;quot;]|.|(?:(?:)?[]))*&quot;(?:(?:)?[])*)(?:(?:(?:)?[])*(?:[^()<>@,;:&quot;.00-31 ]+(?:(?:(?:)?[])+||(?=[&quot;()<>@,;:&quot;.]))|&quot;(?:[^amp;quot;]|.|(?:(?:)?[]))*&quot;(?:(?:)?[]) *))*@(?:(?:)?[])*(?:[^()<>@,;:&quot;.00-31]+(?:(?:(?:)?[])+||(?=[&quot;()<>@,;:&quot;.]))| ([^]|.)*(?:(?:)?[])*)(?:(?:(?:)?[])*(?:[^()<>@,;:&quot;.00-31]+(?:(?:(?:)? [])+||(?=[&quot;()<>@,;:&quot;.]))|([^]|.)*(?:(?:)?[])*))*|(?:[^()<>@,;:&quot;.00- 31]+(?:(?:(?:)?[])+||(?=[&quot;()<>@,;:&quot;.]))|&quot;(?:[^amp;quot;]|.|(?:(?:)?[]))*&quot;(?:(?:)?[ ])*)*lt;(?:(?:)?[])*(?:@(?:[^()<>@,;:&quot;.00-31]+(?:(?:(?:)?[])+||(?=[&quot;()<>@,;:&quot;. ]))|([^]|.)*(?:(?:)?[])*)(?:(?:(?:)?[])*(?:[^()<>@,;:&quot;.00-31]+(?:(?:(?: )?[])+||(?=[&quot;()<>@,;:&quot;.]))|([^]|.)*(?:(?:)?[])*))*(?:,@(?:(?:)?[]))
Caching ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],var  fn = ( function  () { var  b =  false , v; return   function  () { if  (!b) { v = ...; b =  true ; } return  v; }; })(); function  fn () { if  (!fn.b) { fn.v = ...; fn.b =  true ; } return  fn.v; } var  fn =  function  () { var  v = ...; return  (fn =  function  () { return  v; })(); }; Module pattern Store value in function object Lazy function definition
How to handle long running JavaScript processes (1/2) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How to handle long running JavaScript processes (2/2) function  doSomething (callbackFn) { // Initialize a few things here... ( function  () { // Do a little bit of work here... if  ( termination condition ) { // We are done callbackFn(); }  else  { // Process next chunk setTimeout(arguments.callee, 0); } })(); }
Miscellaneous tips (1/2) ,[object Object],var  a =  1 , b =  2 , c; c = Math.min(a, b); c = a < b ? a : b; ,[object Object],var  i; for  (i =  0 ; i <  100000 ; i++) { try  { ... }  catch  (e) { ... } } var  i; try  { for  (i =  0 ; i <  100000 ; i++) { ... } }  catch  (e) { ... } myArray.push(value); myArray[myArray.length] = value; myArray[idx++] = value;
Miscellaneous tips (2/2) ,[object Object],var  key, value; for  (key in myArray) { value = myArray[key]; ... } var  i, value, length = myArray.length; for  (i =  0 ; i < length; i++) { value = myArray[i]; ... } ,[object Object],function  fn () { if  (...) { ... }  else  { ... } } var  fn; if  (...) { fn =  function  () {...}; }  else  { fn =  function  () {...}; }
Part 4 High Performance Dynamic HTML
Document tree modification Using  innerHTML var  i, j, el, table, tbody, row, cell; el = document.createElement( &quot;div&quot; ); document.body.appendChild(el); table = document.createElement( &quot;table&quot; ); el.appendChild(table); tbody = document.createElement( &quot;tbody&quot; ); table.appendChild(tbody); for  (i =  0 ; i <  1000 ; i++) { row = document.createElement( &quot;tr&quot; ); for  (j =  0 ; j <  5 ; j++) { cell = document.createElement( &quot;td&quot; ); row.appendChild(cell); } tbody.appendChild(row); } var  i, j, el, idx, html; idx =  0 ; html = []; html[idx++] =  &quot;<table>&quot; ; for  (i =  0 ; i <  1000 ; i++) { html[idx++] =  &quot;<tr>&quot; ; for  (j =  0 ; j <  5 ; j++) { html[idx++] =  &quot;<td></td>&quot; ; } html[idx++] =  &quot;</tr>&quot; ; } html[idx++] =  &quot;</table>&quot; ; el = document.createElement( &quot;div&quot; ); document.body.appendChild(el); el.innerHTML = html.join( &quot;&quot; ); ( much  faster on all A-grade browsers) Warning: See  http://www.julienlecomte.net/blog/2007/12/38/
Document tree modification Using  cloneNode var  i, j, el, table, tbody, row, cell; el = document.createElement( &quot;div&quot; ); document.body.appendChild(el); table = document.createElement( &quot;table&quot; ); el.appendChild(table); tbody = document.createElement( &quot;tbody&quot; ); table.appendChild(tbody); for  (i =  0 ; i <  1000 ; i++) { row = document.createElement( &quot;tr&quot; ); for  (j =  0 ; j <  5 ; j++) { cell = document.createElement( &quot;td&quot; ); row.appendChild(cell); } tbody.appendChild(row); } var  i, el, table, tbody, template, row, cell; el = document.createElement( &quot;div&quot; ); document.body.appendChild(el); table = document.createElement( &quot;table&quot; ); el.appendChild(table); tbody = document.createElement( &quot;tbody&quot; ); table.appendChild(tbody); template = document.createElement( &quot;tr&quot; ); for  (i =  0 ; i <  5 ; i++) { cell = document.createElement( &quot;td&quot; ); template.appendChild(cell); } for  (i =  0 ; i <  1000 ; i++) { row = template.cloneNode(true); tbody.appendChild(row); } (faster on all A-grade browsers – sometimes  much  faster) Warning: expando properties/attached event handlers are lost!
Document tree modification Using DocumentFragment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],var  i, j, el, table, tbody, row, cell, docFragment; docFragment = document.createDocumentFragment(); el = document.createElement( &quot;div&quot; ); docFragment.appendChild(el); table = document.createElement( &quot;table&quot; ); el.appendChild(table); tbody = document.createElement( &quot;tbody&quot; ); table.appendChild(tbody); for  (i =  0 ; i <  1000 ; i++) { ... } document.body.appendChild(docFragment);
Limit the number of event handlers (1/2) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],<div id= &quot;container&quot; > <ul> <li id= &quot;li-1&quot; > List Item 1 </li> <li id= &quot;li-2&quot; > List Item 2 </li> <li id= &quot;li-3&quot; > List Item 3 </li> <li id= &quot;li-4&quot; > List Item 4 </li> <li id= &quot;li-5&quot; > List Item 5 </li> ... </ul> </div> div#container ul li#li- x text node
Limit the number of event handlers (2/2) YAHOO.util.Event.addListener( &quot;container&quot; ,  &quot;click&quot; ,  function  (e) { var  el = YAHOO.util.Event.getTarget(e); while (el.id !==  &quot;container&quot; ) { if (el.nodeName.toUpperCase() ===  &quot;LI&quot; ) { // Do something here... break; } else { el = el.parentNode; } } });
Limiting reflows ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],el.style.cssText =  &quot;display:block;width:auto;height:100px;...&quot; ; YAHOO.util.Dom.replaceClass(el,  &quot;foo&quot; ,  &quot;bar&quot; ); el.setAttribute( &quot;style&quot; ,  &quot;display:block;width:auto;height:100px;...&quot; );
Miscellaneous tips... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Part 5 High Performance Layout and CSS
Miscellaneous tips... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Part 6 High Performance Ajax
Ajax Best Practices ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],var  callback = { success:  function  () {  /* Do something */  }, failure:  function  () {  /* Do something */  }, timeout:  5000 }; YAHOO.util.Connect.asyncRequest( &quot;GET&quot; , url, callback);
Improving perceived network latency using the optimistic pattern ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Miscellaneous tips... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Part 7 Performance Tools
Performance Tools ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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High Performance Ajax Applications

  • 1. High Performance Ajax Applications Julien Lecomte http://www.julienlecomte.net/blogfiles/performance/ajax-perf.ppt http://www.slideshare.net/julien.lecomte/high-performance-ajax-applications
  • 2. Part 1 Developing For High Performance
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6. Part 2 High Performance Page Load
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14. Part 3 High Performance JavaScript
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  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24. How to handle long running JavaScript processes (2/2) function doSomething (callbackFn) { // Initialize a few things here... ( function () { // Do a little bit of work here... if ( termination condition ) { // We are done callbackFn(); } else { // Process next chunk setTimeout(arguments.callee, 0); } })(); }
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27. Part 4 High Performance Dynamic HTML
  • 28. Document tree modification Using innerHTML var i, j, el, table, tbody, row, cell; el = document.createElement( &quot;div&quot; ); document.body.appendChild(el); table = document.createElement( &quot;table&quot; ); el.appendChild(table); tbody = document.createElement( &quot;tbody&quot; ); table.appendChild(tbody); for (i = 0 ; i < 1000 ; i++) { row = document.createElement( &quot;tr&quot; ); for (j = 0 ; j < 5 ; j++) { cell = document.createElement( &quot;td&quot; ); row.appendChild(cell); } tbody.appendChild(row); } var i, j, el, idx, html; idx = 0 ; html = []; html[idx++] = &quot;<table>&quot; ; for (i = 0 ; i < 1000 ; i++) { html[idx++] = &quot;<tr>&quot; ; for (j = 0 ; j < 5 ; j++) { html[idx++] = &quot;<td></td>&quot; ; } html[idx++] = &quot;</tr>&quot; ; } html[idx++] = &quot;</table>&quot; ; el = document.createElement( &quot;div&quot; ); document.body.appendChild(el); el.innerHTML = html.join( &quot;&quot; ); ( much faster on all A-grade browsers) Warning: See http://www.julienlecomte.net/blog/2007/12/38/
  • 29. Document tree modification Using cloneNode var i, j, el, table, tbody, row, cell; el = document.createElement( &quot;div&quot; ); document.body.appendChild(el); table = document.createElement( &quot;table&quot; ); el.appendChild(table); tbody = document.createElement( &quot;tbody&quot; ); table.appendChild(tbody); for (i = 0 ; i < 1000 ; i++) { row = document.createElement( &quot;tr&quot; ); for (j = 0 ; j < 5 ; j++) { cell = document.createElement( &quot;td&quot; ); row.appendChild(cell); } tbody.appendChild(row); } var i, el, table, tbody, template, row, cell; el = document.createElement( &quot;div&quot; ); document.body.appendChild(el); table = document.createElement( &quot;table&quot; ); el.appendChild(table); tbody = document.createElement( &quot;tbody&quot; ); table.appendChild(tbody); template = document.createElement( &quot;tr&quot; ); for (i = 0 ; i < 5 ; i++) { cell = document.createElement( &quot;td&quot; ); template.appendChild(cell); } for (i = 0 ; i < 1000 ; i++) { row = template.cloneNode(true); tbody.appendChild(row); } (faster on all A-grade browsers – sometimes much faster) Warning: expando properties/attached event handlers are lost!
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32. Limit the number of event handlers (2/2) YAHOO.util.Event.addListener( &quot;container&quot; , &quot;click&quot; , function (e) { var el = YAHOO.util.Event.getTarget(e); while (el.id !== &quot;container&quot; ) { if (el.nodeName.toUpperCase() === &quot;LI&quot; ) { // Do something here... break; } else { el = el.parentNode; } } });
  • 33.
  • 34.
  • 35. Part 5 High Performance Layout and CSS
  • 36.
  • 37. Part 6 High Performance Ajax
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  • 42.