![Atmospheric Circulation: Thermal Structure and the Mesospheric Refrigerator ,[object Object],[object Object],Jonathan S. Friedman 30 June 2008 NAIC Arecibo Observatory Summer 2008 REU](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/Mesofridge-123042313891-phpapp03/85/the-mesospheric-refridgerator-1-320.jpg)
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The Mesospheric Refridgerator
- 2. At the mesopause level (~80 km) the summer polar region is on the average 70-80°C colder than the winter polar region. Such a temperature distribution is far from radiative equilibrium and clearly must be dynamically maintained by adiabatic cooling (heating) due to ascent (subsidence) in the summer (winter) hemisphere. (Holten, J. Atmos. Sci., 1982)
- 4. NAIC Arecibo Observatory Summer 2008 REU Winter
- 5. NAIC Arecibo Observatory Summer 2008 REU
- 6. NAIC Arecibo Observatory Summer 2008 REU
- 7. Atmospheric Temperature Structure NAIC Arecibo Observatory Summer 2008 REU Relatively inert, dynamically unstable Weather & orography » Gravity Wave Sources Dynamically Stable, rising air does not penetrate easily, but waves can propagate. O 3 layer » Gravity Wave Source.
- 8. NAIC Arecibo Observatory Summer 2008 REU http://www.ux1.eiu.edu/~cfjps/1400/circulation.html
- 9. NAIC Arecibo Observatory Summer 2008 REU • Hadley Cell • Ferrel Cell • Polar Cell
- 10. NAIC Arecibo Observatory Summer 2008 REU
- 11. Videos 1. Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability as GW source. 2. Sprites & waves in OH 3. Surfer 1 4. Surfer 2 NAIC Arecibo Observatory Summer 2008 REU
- 14. NAIC Arecibo Observatory Summer 2008 REU If the relative velocity between the wave source and wind is fast enough ...
- 15. NAIC Arecibo Observatory Summer 2008 REU
- 16. In the summer mesosphere, gravity waves break down the zonal wind. The resulting momentum is poleward towards the winter pole. The result is high winter pole winds and warmer temperatures at 87 km. Winter Summer NAIC Arecibo Observatory Summer 2008 REU – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 100 km 50 km 0 km
Editor's Notes
- The mesosphere (or “middle atmosphere” ) is the region above the stratosphere and below the ionosphere. It is noted for being above the peak of the O 3 layer, so radiative heating from solar absorption is small and decreasing with height, and temperature falls with altitude due to the thinning atmosphere (hydrostatic equilibrium). The top of the mesosphere, or mesopause, is the coldest region of the atmosphere. This talk focuses on the solstice period mesosphere. I chose this because it is the least intuitive time, and also because the subject as a whole is quite complex and beyond either the scope of a single seminar and, presently, my ability to present.