1. The Gerund / -ing form
Gerunds are verb forms ending in -ing.
They can be:
the subject of a sentence:
Skiing is her favourite sport.
the object of a verb:
She enjoys skiing.
the complement of a verb:
One of her hobbies is skiing.
the object of a preposition:
She devotes her free time to skiing.

2. Gerunds and infinitives
They love swimming!

3. Gerunds and infinitives
It is very common for one verb to be followed
directly by another verb.
This happens, for instance, when we talk
about our attitude to an action:
He enjoys swimming.
The first verb describes the attitude,
and the second refers to the action.

4. Gerunds and infinitives
In some cases, the second verb is an
infinitive; in others, the -ing form is
used.
The choice depends on the first
verb.
I love swimming!
I can swim.

5. Verbs and phrases
followed by the -ing form

6. Verbs expressing likes and dislikes
like, love, enjoy, adore
dislike, hate, detest, loathe + -ing:
I hate running!

7. Expressions meaning
I like a lot
I am keen on dancing!
I am fond of diving.

8. Expressions meaning
I don’t like
I can’t stand smoking!
I don’t care for drinking.

9. Other verbs and
expressions followed
by –ing will be studied
in future lessons

10. Verbs followed by
the infinitive without ‘to’
Modal verbs:
Can, could, may, might,
must, shall, should, will,
would, ought to
I can swim .
23-09-12 10

11. Other Verbs followed by
the infinitive without ‘to’
will be studied in another
lesson.
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12. Special Cases
Let (deixar) & make (fazer com que)
are followed by
an object + infinitive without “to”
It makes me feel good.
They don’t let me swim off the coast.

13. Special Cases
Allow (permitir)
is followed by
an object + ‘to’ infinitive
Swimming allows me to relax.