The document discusses the scope of practice for radiologic technologists (RTs) in Ohio, Indiana, and West Virginia. Some key points: - The scope of practice is similar across states but education/licensing requirements may vary. RTs must generally earn a degree, pass ARRT and NMTCB exams, and maintain certification. - Ohio and West Virginia require ongoing continuing education for RTs while Indiana does not. - All three states allow RTs to administer contrast media/dye under physician supervision. Limited operators cannot in Indiana. - Proper training in contrast administration is recommended for safety as some patients can have life-threatening reactions. Training RTs could eliminate costs of extra

1. Scope of Practice
1
Introduction
Scope of Practice for Radiologic Technologists
Education
License
Certificates
Ohio- Indiana- West Virginia
The scope of practice or practice standards for Radiologic
Technologists (RT’s) are similar throughout America, but each
state can vary on the type of education, licenses, certificates,
and continuing education (CE) requirements. According to
American Society of Radiologic Technologists (2017), “The
practice of radiography is performed by health care
professionals responsible for the administration of ionizing
radiation for diagnostic, therapeutic or research purposes. A
radiographer performs radiographic procedures at the request of
and for interpretation by a licensed practitioner.“ All three
named states in this presentation require the RT’s to be certified
through the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists
(ARRT). And to complete the certification with the Nuclear

2. Medicine Technology Certification Board (NMTCB). For
example, Ohio and West Virginia require their RT’s having a
certain amount of hours for continuing education every two
years, as where Indiana does not (Glacier Valley Medical
Education, 2019).
2
Ohio’s Scope of Practice for Radiologic Technologists
(administration, certification, regulation)
Radiology Licensing for Ohio
Continuing Education Requirements
Limitations of Practice
The licensing requirements in Ohio for Radiologic
Technologists (RT’s) are similar to other states in America.
Anyone who wants to become a RT, must complete at least an
Associates of Applied Science or a Bachelor’s of Science in
Radiologic Technology through an American Registry of
Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) accredited school. This also
means that they must take and pass the ARRT national exam,
and the given states exam, to receive their license to perform.
Also to take and pass the Nuclear Medicine Technology
Certification Board (NMTCB) national exam. Ohio requires
those that are RT‘s to continue their education (CE) in order to
keep their license. For radiography Ohio requires each RT to
complete a mandatory 50 hours every two years, this ensures
they are current with any new law or regulation. In the nuclear
medicine, fusion imaging and radiation therapy areas; every two
years, a mandatory 24 hours are to be taken. And those with a
limited license must complete a mandatory 6 hours classes for
continuing education. The limitation practice for Ohio is as
followed, venipuncture and medications it has nothing that
excludes RT’s from performing. But for contrast media and dye,
and fluoroscopy they must adhere to the Ohio laws and rules

3. (Ohio Laws and Rules, n.d.). (Glacier Valley Medical
Education, 2019).
3
Indiana’s Scope of Practice for Radiologic Technologists
(administration, certification, regulation)
Radiology Licensing for Indiana
Continuing Education Requirements
Limitations of Practice
The licensing requirements in Indiana for Radiologic
Technologists (RT’s) are similar to Ohio and the other states in
America. Anyone who wants to become a RT, must complete at
least an Associates of Applied Science or a Bachelor’s of
Science in Radiologic Technology through an American
Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) accredited
school. While a student is working on their licensing
requirements, they must obtain a student permit to work while
being a student. This also means that they must take and pass
the ARRT national exam, and the given states exam, to receive
their license to perform. Also to take and pass the Nuclear
Medicine Technology Certification Board (NMTCB) national
exam. Indiana does not require any of the RT’s to complete
mandatory continuing education programs or classes. As far
limitations of practice, Indiana has nothing in writing under the
venipuncture or medication areas. But for contrast media, they
state, a RT can administer contrast media or dye, only under a
physician’s supervision and cannot be administered by those
that are limited x-ray machine operators. Indiana also
encourages RT’s to become a member of the Indiana Society of
Radiologic Technologists (ISRT). This gives them opportunities
for scholarships, grants, and become affiliated with the
ARRT (Indiana State Department of Health, 2019). (Glacier

4. Valley Medical Education, 2019). (Indiana Society of
Radiologic Technologists, 2019). (HealthCarePathway, 2019).
4
West Virginia’s Scope of Practice for Radiologic Technologists
(administration, certification, regulation)
Radiology Licensing for West Virginia
Continuing Education Requirements
Limitations of Practice
The licensing requirements in West Virginia for Radiologic
Technologists (RT’s) are similar to Ohio, Indiana, and the other
states in America. Anyone who wants to become a RT, must
complete at least an Associates of Applied Science or a
Bachelor’s of Science in Radiologic Technology through
an American Registry of Radiologic Technologists
(ARRT) accredited school. This also means that they must take
and pass the ARRT national exam, and the given states exam, to
receive their license to perform. Also to take and pass the
Nuclear Medicine Technology Certification Board (NMTCB)
national exam. West Virginia requires those that are RT‘s to
continue their education (CE) in order to keep their license. For
radiography, West Virginia requires each Radiologist Assistants
to complete a mandatory 50 hours every two years, this ensures
they are current with any new law or regulation. In the nuclear
medicine, radiography, and radiation therapy areas; every two
years, a mandatory 24 hours are to be taken. The limitation of
practice for West Virginia is as followed, venipuncture nothing
that excludes RT’s from performing, medications; must have a
nuclear medicine certificate, and in the contrast media area, a
RT can administer contrast media or dye, only under a
physician’s supervision (Justia,2019). (Glacier Valley Medical
Education, 2019).

5. 5
Can Radiologic Technologists in Ohio, Indiana, and West
Virginia Administer Contrast Media or Dye Under the
Supervision of A Physician?
Ohio- Yes
Indiana- Yes
Limited x-ray machine operators; not permitted
West Virginia- Yes
Under federal rules and regulations, each state has the ability to
set state laws accordingly for medical professionals, including
Radiologic Technologists (RT’s). Ohio, Indiana, and West
Virginia all allow their Radiologic Technologists to administer
contrast media or dye, under a physician’s supervision. For
those that are limited x-ray machine operators in Indiana, are
not permitted to administer contrast media or dye. As of now
there is not a need to change how they operate as all three states
permit administering contrast media or dye (Glacier Valley
Medical Education, 2019).
6
Recommendations: Training in Contrast Administration, Hiring
Extra Personnel, and the Costs
Patient Safety
Reactions to Contrast Media
Classes
Seminars
Training in administrating contrast media or dye by Radiologic
Technologists is something that they require more states and
medical facilities to have before hiring an individual.
Using Iodinated and gadolinium-base to intravenous inject the
substance into a patients vein for imaging, can be dangerous, if

6. there is a reaction to the dye. "However, reactions to contrast
media do occur and can be life threatening. Therefore, it is
critical for faculty and staff to know how reactions to contrast
agents manifest and how to treat them promptly.” (Beckett, MD,
Moniarity, MD, & Langer, MD, 2015, para.1). Giving the
Radiologic Technologists the proper training and requiring them
to become certified before hiring, can help eliminate
unnecessary patient harm. Hiring additional personnel to
administer contrast media or dye, can cost the medical facility
extra money that they can avoid by training their RT’s to
perform the duties. This can be turned into continuing
education, or to become a requirement during the achievement
of their degree (Beckett, MD, Moniarity, MD, & Langer,
MD, 2015).
7
Conclusion
Scope of Practice for Radiologic Technologists
Education
License
Certificates
Ohio- Indiana- West Virginia
The scope of practice or practice standards for Radiologic
Technologists (RT’s) are similar throughout America, but each
state can vary on the type of education, licenses, certificates,
and continuing education (CE) requirements. According to
American Society of Radiologic Technologists (2017), “The
practice of radiography is performed by health care
professionals responsible for the administration of ionizing
radiation for diagnostic, therapeutic or research purposes. A
radiographer performs radiographic procedures at the request of
and for interpretation by a licensed practitioner.“ Ohio, Indiana,
and West Virginia all require their RT’s to become certified

7. through the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists
(ARRT) and the Nuclear Medicine Technology Certification
Board (NMTCB) certified, to be hired at a medical facility. And
to complete the certification with the Nuclear Medicine
Technology Certification Board (NMTCB). For example, Ohio
and West Virginia require their RT’s having a certain amount of
hours for continuing education every two years, as where
Indiana does not.Some state does not require their RT‘s to have
any form of licenses or to complete continuing education
requirements. Properly training RT’s to administer contrast
media or dye, can ultimately save patients’ lives, as some have
a reaction to the dye (Glacier Valley Medical Education, 2019).
8
References
American Society of Radiologic Technologists. (2017). The
Practice Standards for Medical Imaging and Radiation
Therapy. Retrieved from https://www.asrt.org/docs/default-
source/practice-standards-
published/ps_rad.pdf?sfvrsn=13e176d0_18
Beckett, MD, K. R., Moniarity, MD, A. K., & Langer, MD, J.
M. (2015, October). Safe Use of Contrast Media: What the
Radiologist Needs to Know. RadioGraphics, 35(6),
doi:https://pubs.rsna.org/doi/full/10.1148/rg.2015150033
Glacier Valley Medical Education. (2019). State Licensing
Boards for Radiologic Technology. Retrieved from
https://www.glaciermedicaled.com/index.php?page=State+
Licensing&parentPageId=17
References
HealthCarePathway. (2019). Radiologic Technologist Schools
and Certification in Indiana. Retrieved from
https://www.healthcarepathway.com/radiologic-
technologist/radiologic-technologist-schools-indiana.html

8. Indiana Society of Radiologic Technologists. (2019). The
Indiana Society of Radiologic Technologists, Inc. Retrieved
from https://isort.org/
Indiana State Department of Health. (2019). Medical Radiology
Services Program. Retrieved from
https://www.in.gov/isdh/23279.htm
Justia. (2019). 2017 West Virginia Code Chapter 30.
Professions and Occupations. Article 23. Radiologic
Technologists. §30-23- 10. Scope of Practice for a Radiologic
Technologist. Retrieved from https://law.justia.com/codes/west-
virginia/2017/chapter- 30/article-23/section-30-23-10/
10 Kingdom Leadership/ Followership Principles:
Mark 10:35-45
35 Then James and John, the sons of Zebedee, came to him.
“Teacher,” they said, “we want you to do for us whatever we
ask.”36 “What do you want me to do for you?” he
asked.37 They replied, “Let one of us sit at your right and the
other at your left in your glory.”38 “You don’t know what you
are asking,” Jesus said. “Can you drink the cup I drink or be
baptized with the baptism I am baptized with?”39 “We can,”
they answered. Jesus said to them, “You will drink the cup I
drink and be baptized with the baptism I am baptized with,
40 but to sit at my right or left is not for me to grant. These
places belong to those for whom they have been prepared.”
41 When the ten heard about this, they became indignant with
James and John. 42 Jesus called them together and said, “You
know that those who are regarded as rulers of the Gentiles lord
it over them, and their high officials exercise authority over
them. 43 Not so with you. Instead, whoever wants to become
great among you must be your servant, 44 and whoever wants to
be first must be slave of all. 45 For even the Son of Man did not

9. come to be served, but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom
for many.”
Kingdom Perspectives
1. There is only one King and you are not Him.
· Jesus is far above all heavenly rulers, authorities, powers, and
lords; he has a title superior to all titles of authority in this
world and in the next. (Eph. 1:21)
· Sovereign means that Jesus is the King of King and Lord of
Lords. (Rev. 19:6). Don’t get between Jesus and His subjects.
2. You are not a leader… you are a follower of a leader. You
influence people to follow King Jesus through your example,
through your words, through your prayers, through your love,
through your enthusiasm.
· Therefore anyone can be a discipleader. We are here to
connect people to Jesus and once they are connected to Him…
He leads them. The only way we “lead” is by helping people
connect to Jesus. Discipleship is leadership. I follow Jesus and
help others to follow Jesus.
· Followers are born to be made- Mature disciples are
influencers for the King. We lead people to Jesus for salvation
and we encourage them to get connected and stay connected to
Him so that He can lead them.
3. None of “it” is yours (church, offerings, gifts, buildings,
people, vision).
· The role of a servant- So you also, when you have done
everything you were told to do, should say, ‘We are unworthy
servants; we have only done our duty.’ Luke 17:10- Don’t fool
yourself into thinking you have any rights to anything.
· The role of a manager: A person should consider us in this
way: as servants of Christ and managers of God’s mysteries.
2 In this regard, it is expected of managers that each one of
them be found faithful. We are here to manage His affairs. (1
Cor. 4:1) As a Pastor… the health of His body (Eph. 1:23)
Kingdom Principles
4. To represent King Jesus you must spend time with Him.

10. · Orders and specific mission plans come from the Supreme
Commander
· To connect people to the Head you must be connected to the
Head
5. The Church is the Body of Christ!
· All the parts need to be connected to the head
· All the part s need to be connected to all the other parts
(locally/ regionally)
· All the parts need to be connected the mission “Be Fruitful
and Multiply”
6. God’s word, not “Business Weekly” is our textbook (Make
sure the ladder of success is leaning up against the right wall)
· You have heard that it was said, but I say to you…
· The Kingdom of God is not like the kingdom of man (upside
down kingdom)
7. The way up the ladder is down (Example of Jesus- Phil. 2)
· Love
· Humility
· Serving/ Equipping
Kingdom Practices
8. Connect people to Jesus (UPWARD- He is the head)- Eph.
1:22/ 5:23/ Col. 1:18
· Preach the Gospel
· Parental concern and connect every believer to daily growth
disciplines
9. Connect people to One Another (INWARD- The Body is
Formed)- “The One Anothers”
· Connect every believer to a group… spiritual family
· Gifts are discovered/ developed and used (Chores)
10. Connect people to the Mission (OUTWARD- The Body rises
up and serves) John 20:21/ Eph. 4:16/ Matt. 28:18-20
· The body connected to the head and all the parts working
moves up and out into the world and serves the world
· Miracles occur and the world sees and takes notice.
· The Gospel is shown and shared at the same time.

11. · God gives the increase.
LEADERSHIP DEFINITIONS (One Page):
1. Military leadership is a process by which a soldier influences
others to accomplish the mission.- FM 22-100, Military
Leadership, 2 Dec 1958, p. 7, signed by Gen Maxwell D.
Taylor, Chief of Staff
2. Leadership is the art of influencing and directing people in
such a way that will win their obedience, confidence, respect
and loyal cdisooperation in achieving common objectives.- U.
S. Air Force
3. Leadership is influencing people -- by providing purpose,
direction, and motivation -- while operating to accomplish the
mission and improving the organization."- U.S. Army
4. Leadership defines what the future should look like, aligns
people with that vision, and inspires them to make it happen
despite the obstacles. (John P. Kotter- Leading Change)
5. Leadership is influence. – J. Oswald Sanders
6. “Leadership is influence—nothing more, nothing less.”- John
Maxwell
7. Leadership is the process of helping people do the
worthwhile things they want to do. – Jan Kurtz
8. Spiritual leadership is moving people onto God’s agenda. –
Blackaby’s
9. Good leadership is the art of getting average people to do
great work.
10. Leadership, at its highest, consists of getting people to work
for you when they are under no obligation to do so.
(Motivation)
11. Leadership is the art of changing a group from what it is, to
what it ought to be.
12. “I start with the premise that the function of leadership is to
produce more leaders, not more followers.” --Ralph Nader
13. "The growth and development of people is the highest
calling of leadership." - Harvey S. Firestone

12. 14. “Leadership-is an art, which influences the individual to
grow and develop their spiritual gifts, while aligning the group
to God's plan.”- Rachel Turnel
15. “To grasp and hold a vision is the very essence of successful
leadership…” Ronald Reagan 1911-: in the Wilson Quarterly
Winter 1994: attributed.
16. “Leadership projects the vision, influences the follower,
defines the future and reproduces new leaders.” Eddie
Verstraete
17. Christian leadership is about serving, guiding and
influencing people to take the next step in obeying and
following King Jesus.- Rod Dempsey
LEADER DEFINITIONS: (One Page)
1. Leaders have two important characteristics: first, they are
going somewhere; second, they are able to persuade other
people to go with them.
2. A leader is a person who exerts special influence over a
number of people. '(Bogardus, Leaders and Leadership, p. 3.)
3. A leader is the person in charge of a group of human beings
for the accomplishment of a mutually agreed purpose. (Hendrix,
Management for the Christian Worker, p. 3.)
4. A leader is one who knows the road, who can keep ahead, and
who can pull others after him. (Wolff, Man at the Top, p. 6.)
5. Becoming a leader is synonymous with becoming yourself (or
the person God created you to be). It is precisely that simple,
and it is also that difficult. -Warren Bennis
6. A Christian leader is someone who is called by God to lead;
leads with and through Christ like character; and demonstrates
the functional competencies that permit effective leadership to
take place. – George Barna
7. A leader’s role is to raise people’s aspirations for what they
can become and to release their energies so they will try to get
there.- David Gergen
8. “Leaders must know where they are going, why they are

13. going there, and how to get there.” Elmer Towns.
9. “A spiritual leader is someone who moves people onto God’s
agenda.” Henry Blackaby
10. A leader is a quality person who knows where he is going
and how to take others with him and beyond him.- Dave Earley.
11. The first responsibility of a leader is to define reality. The
last is to say thank you. In between, the leader is a servant. —
Max DePree
12. The final test of a leader is that he leaves behind him in
other men the conviction and the will to carry on. – Walter
Lippman 1889-1974 in New York Herald Tribune 14 April 1945
13. “A leader is a person with a God-given capacity and a God-
given responsibility who is influencing a group of God’s people
toward God’s purposes for the group.” Robert Clinton.
14. A spiritual leader is one who has a contagious relationship
with God and who stewards their God-given influence to
motivate and equip individuals to realize peak life
effectiveness. Chip Stallings.
15. A spiritual leader follows Jesus and serves people by
helping them take the next step in obeying and following King
Jesus. - R. Dempsey
16. If your actions inspire others to dream more, learn more, do
more and become more, you are a leader.- John Quincy Adams