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Problems in Healthcare: Medication Errors and Access to Care
- 1. PROBLEMS IN HEALTHCARE Emily Moore, Hloniphani Juta & Jasmine Paul
- 2. Introduction ο Health care utilization can be appropriate or inappropriate, of high or low quality, expensive or inexpensive. ο Socially ο Economically ο Politically
- 3. ο Hospital setting -Medication errors -Hospital acquired infections -Communication -Patient confidentiality -Incorrect use of equipment
- 4. ο Community based environment -Access to health care -Effective delivery of services -Costs -Social gradient
- 5. 5 Medication Errors Patient safety is a central concern of health care delivery system. Important indicator of health care quality. 1.5 million preventable medication error each year in the USA. Injuries due to errors in medication prescribing, dispensing and administration are preventable.
- 6. 6 TYPES OF MEDICATION ERRORS TYPE DEFINTION Prescribing Incorrect drug selection, illegible error prescription Omission error Failure to administer the drug Wrong time Administration of medicine before error predefined time Unauthorised Administration of medicine not drug error authorised by a legitimate prescriber. Improper Administering drug greater or lesser dose error dose than ordered dose. DR. L. RAJESWARAN
- 7. 7 TYPES OF MEDICATION ERRORS TYPE DEFINTION Prescribing Incorrect drug selection, illegible error prescription Omission error Failure to administer the drug Wrong time Administration of medicine before error predefined time Unauthorised Administration of medicine not drug error authorised by a legitimate prescriber. Improper Administering drug greater or lesser dose error dose than ordered dose.
- 8. 8 TYPES OF MEDICATION ERRORS TYPE DEFINITION Wrong dose Administration to the patient of a different product in a form error different dosage Wrong drug Drug product incorrectly formulated or manipulated preparation Wrong Inappropriate or improper technique in the administration- administration technique error Deteriorated Administration of a drug that has been expired drug error Monitoring Failure to review a prescribed regimen for error appropriateness & detection of problems Compliance Inappropriate patient behaviour regarding adherence. error
- 9. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PREVENTING MEDICATION ERRORS ο Organizational recommendations ο recommendations for nurses ο Recommendations for prescribers
- 10. Access to Healthcare: Definition ο The ability to receive healthcare services, both by obtaining available persons and supplies, and paying expenses of the services. ο Access refers to both entry and use
- 11. Core Issues With Access to Healthcare ο 2. Ability to pay ο 1.Ability to obtain expenses care/treatment ο Lack of health ο Simple: sterile insurance dressing kit, vaccines ο Living in poverty ο Complex: cardiologist, MRI machine
- 12. Core Issues: Facts Inability to obtain care/treatment ο Approximately 9 million children die each year before they turn 5 years of age due to infectious diseases ο Inability to obtain immunizations and proper treatment unnecessary deaths
- 13. Core Issues: Facts Inability to pay expenses ο Approximately 69 million school-aged children are not in school, mostly in Sub-Saharan Africa (31 million) and Southern Asia (8 million) ο Lack of education lack of a stable career/inability to make healthy life choices increased need for the healthcare system, with little money to utilize services
- 14. Why is this Problem Important? ο When access to healthcare is compromised, it can lead to millions of unnecessary deaths such as Tuberculosis and Malaria, that can be easily prevented with the use of existing medications.
- 15. 15 REFERRENCES ο American Society of Hospital Pharmacists. Guidelines on preventing medication errors in hospitals. Retrieved April 4, 2012, from www.ashp.org ο Global Health Progress. (2012). The issues: Access to care. Retrieved April 3, 2012, from http://www.globalhealthprogress.org/issues/access to care ο Green, M. (2002). The economics of health care. Retrieved April 4, 2012, from http://www.oheschools.org/ohech1pg1.html ο Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organization (JCAHO). Retrieved April 4, 2012, from www.joincommission.org ο Penchansky, R., & Thomas, J.W. (1981). The concepts of access: Definition and relationships to consumer satisfaction. Pub Med, 19(2), 127-140 ο Shah, A. (2011). Health care around the world. Retrieved April 3, 2012, from http://www.globalissues.org/article/774/health-care-around-the-world ο Swedish Health Care. (2012). Retrieved April 3, 2012, from http://www.sweden.se/eng/Home/Society/Health-care/ ο United Nations. (2012). Millennium development goals. Retrieved April 3, 2012, from http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/bkgd.shtml ο United States Department of Health and Human Services. (2004). Health care in America: Trends in utilization. Retrieved April 3, 2012, from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/misc/healthcare.pdf
- 16. Search Strategies ο We brainstormed the fundamental issues we felt were the biggest problems in healthcare. We listed these and to support our claims we sought out scholarly journals and non-governmental websites such as United Nations and the World Health Organization. The two most prevalent issues through our research was medication errors and access to healthcare ο We used databases such as Pub Med, CINAHL, and Google Scholar ο In order to reach a comprehensive synthesis on our two issues, we collaborated and divided our topics into subtopics: facts, specific types of issues within the problem itself, and how and why the problems are important to understand
- 17. Collaboration Process ο We divided the topics democratically by individually choosing which problems we wanted to focus on in our presentation. For instance, Emily was delegated the position of providing the introduction, Juta researched the issue of medication errors, and Jasmine researched access to healthcare ο We worked individually on our chosen issues and came together twice to combine our ideas and power point presentations, as well as edited the presentation together ο To select the presenter, we discussed who felt most comfortable as this is a new course with individuals from different backgrounds and experience. We all felt comfortable and so we made a vote
Editor's Notes
- Penchansky, R., & Thomas, J.W. (1981). The concepts of access: Definition and relationships to consumer satisfaction. Pub Med, 19(2), 127-140
- Global Health Progress. (2012). The issues: Access to care. Retrieved April 3, 2012, from http://www.globalhealthprogress.org/issues/access to care
- United Nations. (2012). Millennium development goals. Retrieved April 3, 2012, from http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/bkgd.shtml
- United Nations. (2012). Millennium development goals. Retrieved April 3, 2012, from http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/bkgd.shtml
- Global Health Progress. (2012). The issues: Access to care. Retrieved April 3, 2012, from http://www.globalhealthprogress.org/issues/access to care