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KEMENTRIAN PENDIDIKAN NASIONAL
PROGRAM STUDI GEOFISIKA JURUSAN FISIKA
FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM
UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA
LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM SEISMOLOGI
IDENTIFIKASI FASE DAN PENENTUAN FOCAL DEPTH
DISUSUN OLEH :
IZAINA NURFITRIANA
11/316810/PA/13936
ASSISTEN ACARA :
MARIA ROSALITA P.S
YOGYAKARTA
JUNI
2014
1. Identifikasi Fase Gelombang P dan S
A. Informasi gempa
Gempa Caroline Islands, Micronesia, Rabu, 14 Mei 2014 pukul 20:56:13 UTC + 00
B. Informasi Stasiun yang digunakan
Stations Location
Latitude
(°)
Longitude
(°)
Elevation (m)
KAPI Kappang Sulawesi -5.01 119.75 300
KWAJ Kwajalein Atoll, Pacific Ocean 8.8 167.61 0
CTAO Charters Towers, Australia -20.9 146.25 357
DAV Davao, Philippines 7.07 125.58 150
GUMO Guam, Mariana Islands 13.59 144.87 170
HNR Honiara, Solomon Islands -9.44 159.95 100
Detil stasiun :
1. Stasiun KAPI, Kappang, Sulawesi
Figure 1. Hasil picking fase dari stasiun KAPI
Origin time : 14 Mei 2014 20:56:13
P – Arrival : 21:02:00
S – Arrival : 21:06:42
2. Stasiun KWAJ, Kwajalein Atoll, Pacific Ocean
Figure 2. Hasil picking fase dari stasiun KWAJ
Origin time : 14 Mei 2014 20:56:13
P – Arrival : 21:01:14
S – Arrival : 21:05:22
3. Stasiun CTAO, Charters Towers, Australia
Figure 3. Hasil picking fase dari stasiun CTAO
Origin time : 14 Mei 2014 20:56:13
P – Arrival : 21:01:51
S – Arrival : 21:06:26
4. Stasiun DAV, Davao, Philippines
Figure 4. Hasil picking fase dari stasiun DAV
Origin time : 14 Mei 2014 20:56:13
P – Arrival : 21:00:36
S – Arrival : 21:04:12
5. Stasiun GUMO, Guam, Mariana Islands
Figure 5. Hasil picking fase dari stasiun GUMO
Origin time : 14 Mei 2014 20:56:13
P – Arrival : 20:57:57
S – Arrival : 20:59:19
6. Stasiun HNR, Honiara, Solomon Islands
Figure 5. Hasil picking fase dari stasiun GUMO
Origin time : 14 Mei 2014 20:56:13
P – Arrival : 21:01:05
S – Arrival : 21:05:08
C. Tabel arrival dan travel time gelombang P dan S
Dari data stasiun tersebut yang diakses dari website IRIS di atas, diperoleh hasil picking
gelompang P dan S sebagai berikut :
Origin time : 14 Mei 2014 20:56:13
Stations Location P-Arrival P Travel Time S-Arrival
S Travel
Time
KAPI Kappang Sulawesi 21:02:00 0:05:47 21:06:42 0:10:29
KWAJ Kwajalein Atoll, Pacific Ocean 21:01:14 0:05:01 21:05:22 0:09:09
CTAO Charters Towers, Australia 21:01:51 0:05:38 21:06:26 0:10:13
DAV Davao, Philippines 21:00:36 0:04:23 21:04:12 0:07:59
GUMO Guam, Mariana Islands 20:57:57 0:01:44 20:59:19 0:03:06
HNR Honiara, Solomon Islands 21:01:05 0:04:52 21:05:08 0:08:55
2. Menentukan focal depth gempa menggunakan travel time P-wave dan S-wave.
Dari nilai travel time gelombang P dan gelombang S, dengan menggunakan tabel Jeffry-
Bullen, diperoleh data nilai t0, t1, h0, dan h1 sebagai berikut:
Stations P-Arrival P Travel Time
Jeffrey-
Bullen
P-Wave
t0 t1 d0 d1
KAPI 21:02:00 12:05:47 AM 00:05:43.8 00:05:49.9 96.8 33
KWAJ 21:01:14 12:05:01 AM 00:04:56.9 00:05:02.8 96.8 33
CTAO 21:01:51 12:05:38 AM 00:05:34.7 00:05:40.8 96.8 33
DAV 21:00:36 12:04:23 AM 00:04:21.5 00:04:25.5 33 0
GUMO 20:57:57 12:01:44 AM 00:01:42.8 00:01:46.3 33 0
HNR 21:01:05 12:04:52 AM 00:04:47.2 00:04:52.9 96.8 33
Stations S-Arrival S Travel Time
Jeffrey-Bullen
S-Wave
t0 t1 d0 d1
KAPI 21:06:42 12:10:29 AM 00:10:19.4 00:10:30.3 96.8 33
KWAJ 21:05:22 12:09:09 AM 00:09:06.8 00:09:14.4 33 0
CTAO 21:06:26 12:10:13 AM 00:10:03.2 00:10:14.2 96.8 33
DAV 21:04:12 12:07:59 AM 00:08:10.6 00:08:17.0 33 0
GUMO 20:59:19 12:03:06 AM 00:03:02.1 00:03:07.6 33 0
HNR 21:05:08 12:08:55 AM 00:08:48.7 00:08:56.2 33 0
Dengan menggunakan persamaan :
−
1 −
=
∆ − ∆
∆1 − ∆
Dengan
tx =travel time observed
= travel time pada kedalaman pertama
t1 = travel time pada kedalaman kedua
∆x = focal depth (km)
∆o = kedalaman pertama (km)
∆1 = kedalaman kedua (km)
Diperoleh nilai focal depth :
Stations
P-Wave
dx (Km)
S-Wave
dx (Km)
KAPI 63.331 40.609
KWAJ 52.464 23.447
CTAO 62.285 39.960
DAV 20.625 92.812
GUMO 21.686 9.600
HNR 43.074 5.280
Median 47.769 31.704
Focal depth gempa diperoleh dari median hasil perhitungan focal depth di setiap stasiun..
Berdasarkan gelombang P, focal depth berada di kedalaman 47.769 km dan berdasarkan
gelombang S, focal depth berada di kedalaman 31.704 km. Apabila dibandingkan dengan data
yang tertera pada IRIS, focal depth berada di kedalaman 10.6 km. Ketidakcocokan ini
dimungkinkan karena stasiun yang digunakan hanya sejumlah enam.
Daftar Pustaka
http://www.iris.edu/wilber3/find_stations/4638720
http://seismo.berkeley.edu/~rallen/teaching/F04_GEO302_PhysChemEarth/Lectures/L03_
EarthquakeSource.pdf

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Laporan seismologi menentukan focal depth

  • 1. KEMENTRIAN PENDIDIKAN NASIONAL PROGRAM STUDI GEOFISIKA JURUSAN FISIKA FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM SEISMOLOGI IDENTIFIKASI FASE DAN PENENTUAN FOCAL DEPTH DISUSUN OLEH : IZAINA NURFITRIANA 11/316810/PA/13936 ASSISTEN ACARA : MARIA ROSALITA P.S YOGYAKARTA JUNI 2014
  • 2. 1. Identifikasi Fase Gelombang P dan S A. Informasi gempa Gempa Caroline Islands, Micronesia, Rabu, 14 Mei 2014 pukul 20:56:13 UTC + 00 B. Informasi Stasiun yang digunakan Stations Location Latitude (°) Longitude (°) Elevation (m) KAPI Kappang Sulawesi -5.01 119.75 300 KWAJ Kwajalein Atoll, Pacific Ocean 8.8 167.61 0 CTAO Charters Towers, Australia -20.9 146.25 357 DAV Davao, Philippines 7.07 125.58 150 GUMO Guam, Mariana Islands 13.59 144.87 170 HNR Honiara, Solomon Islands -9.44 159.95 100 Detil stasiun : 1. Stasiun KAPI, Kappang, Sulawesi Figure 1. Hasil picking fase dari stasiun KAPI Origin time : 14 Mei 2014 20:56:13 P – Arrival : 21:02:00 S – Arrival : 21:06:42 2. Stasiun KWAJ, Kwajalein Atoll, Pacific Ocean Figure 2. Hasil picking fase dari stasiun KWAJ Origin time : 14 Mei 2014 20:56:13
  • 3. P – Arrival : 21:01:14 S – Arrival : 21:05:22 3. Stasiun CTAO, Charters Towers, Australia Figure 3. Hasil picking fase dari stasiun CTAO Origin time : 14 Mei 2014 20:56:13 P – Arrival : 21:01:51 S – Arrival : 21:06:26 4. Stasiun DAV, Davao, Philippines Figure 4. Hasil picking fase dari stasiun DAV Origin time : 14 Mei 2014 20:56:13 P – Arrival : 21:00:36 S – Arrival : 21:04:12 5. Stasiun GUMO, Guam, Mariana Islands Figure 5. Hasil picking fase dari stasiun GUMO
  • 4. Origin time : 14 Mei 2014 20:56:13 P – Arrival : 20:57:57 S – Arrival : 20:59:19 6. Stasiun HNR, Honiara, Solomon Islands Figure 5. Hasil picking fase dari stasiun GUMO Origin time : 14 Mei 2014 20:56:13 P – Arrival : 21:01:05 S – Arrival : 21:05:08 C. Tabel arrival dan travel time gelombang P dan S Dari data stasiun tersebut yang diakses dari website IRIS di atas, diperoleh hasil picking gelompang P dan S sebagai berikut : Origin time : 14 Mei 2014 20:56:13 Stations Location P-Arrival P Travel Time S-Arrival S Travel Time KAPI Kappang Sulawesi 21:02:00 0:05:47 21:06:42 0:10:29 KWAJ Kwajalein Atoll, Pacific Ocean 21:01:14 0:05:01 21:05:22 0:09:09 CTAO Charters Towers, Australia 21:01:51 0:05:38 21:06:26 0:10:13 DAV Davao, Philippines 21:00:36 0:04:23 21:04:12 0:07:59 GUMO Guam, Mariana Islands 20:57:57 0:01:44 20:59:19 0:03:06 HNR Honiara, Solomon Islands 21:01:05 0:04:52 21:05:08 0:08:55 2. Menentukan focal depth gempa menggunakan travel time P-wave dan S-wave. Dari nilai travel time gelombang P dan gelombang S, dengan menggunakan tabel Jeffry- Bullen, diperoleh data nilai t0, t1, h0, dan h1 sebagai berikut: Stations P-Arrival P Travel Time Jeffrey- Bullen P-Wave t0 t1 d0 d1 KAPI 21:02:00 12:05:47 AM 00:05:43.8 00:05:49.9 96.8 33 KWAJ 21:01:14 12:05:01 AM 00:04:56.9 00:05:02.8 96.8 33
  • 5. CTAO 21:01:51 12:05:38 AM 00:05:34.7 00:05:40.8 96.8 33 DAV 21:00:36 12:04:23 AM 00:04:21.5 00:04:25.5 33 0 GUMO 20:57:57 12:01:44 AM 00:01:42.8 00:01:46.3 33 0 HNR 21:01:05 12:04:52 AM 00:04:47.2 00:04:52.9 96.8 33 Stations S-Arrival S Travel Time Jeffrey-Bullen S-Wave t0 t1 d0 d1 KAPI 21:06:42 12:10:29 AM 00:10:19.4 00:10:30.3 96.8 33 KWAJ 21:05:22 12:09:09 AM 00:09:06.8 00:09:14.4 33 0 CTAO 21:06:26 12:10:13 AM 00:10:03.2 00:10:14.2 96.8 33 DAV 21:04:12 12:07:59 AM 00:08:10.6 00:08:17.0 33 0 GUMO 20:59:19 12:03:06 AM 00:03:02.1 00:03:07.6 33 0 HNR 21:05:08 12:08:55 AM 00:08:48.7 00:08:56.2 33 0 Dengan menggunakan persamaan : − 1 − = ∆ − ∆ ∆1 − ∆ Dengan tx =travel time observed = travel time pada kedalaman pertama t1 = travel time pada kedalaman kedua ∆x = focal depth (km) ∆o = kedalaman pertama (km) ∆1 = kedalaman kedua (km) Diperoleh nilai focal depth : Stations P-Wave dx (Km) S-Wave dx (Km) KAPI 63.331 40.609 KWAJ 52.464 23.447 CTAO 62.285 39.960 DAV 20.625 92.812 GUMO 21.686 9.600 HNR 43.074 5.280 Median 47.769 31.704 Focal depth gempa diperoleh dari median hasil perhitungan focal depth di setiap stasiun.. Berdasarkan gelombang P, focal depth berada di kedalaman 47.769 km dan berdasarkan
  • 6. gelombang S, focal depth berada di kedalaman 31.704 km. Apabila dibandingkan dengan data yang tertera pada IRIS, focal depth berada di kedalaman 10.6 km. Ketidakcocokan ini dimungkinkan karena stasiun yang digunakan hanya sejumlah enam. Daftar Pustaka http://www.iris.edu/wilber3/find_stations/4638720 http://seismo.berkeley.edu/~rallen/teaching/F04_GEO302_PhysChemEarth/Lectures/L03_ EarthquakeSource.pdf